703:
470:
63:
31:
652:
1682:
1622:
Alf A. & Kreipl K. (2011) The family
Turbinidae. Subfamilies Turbininae Rafinesque, 1815 and Prisogasterinae Hickman & McLean, 1990. In: G.T. Poppe & K. Groh (eds), A Conchological Iconography. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. pp. 1-82, pls
1522:
Alf A., Kreipl K. & Poppe G. T. (2003) The Family
Turbinidae, Subfamily Turbininae, Genus Turbo. In: Poppe G. T. & Groh K. (eds.): A Conchological Iconography: 68 pp., 95 colour plates, ConchBooks, Hackenheim,
231:. These operculum are rounded ovals that are flat with a swirl design on one side and domed on the other. They are known as Pacific cat's eye or Shiva eye shells or mermaid money, and are used for decorative purposes.
643:
Turbinids occur in shallow and deep waters. The family has a large distribution, from the tropics to the polar regions, but most of the species live in tropical and subtropical shallow waters.
557:
327:
320:
1980:
1543:
Gofas, S. (2009). Prisogasterinae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine
Mollusca database. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at
1609:
Gofas, S. (2009). Turbininae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine
Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at
1849:
1888:
1597:
1633:
Skeneidae, Vitrinellidae and
Orbitestellidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) associated with biogenic substrata from bathyal depths off New Zealand and New South Wales
1565:
Williams S. T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (September 2008) "Molecular systematics of
Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined".
1823:
1862:
1647:
1528:
609:
The following subfamilies (sensu
Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) classification of subfamilies in Turbinidae) were kept in Turbinidae:
1947:
1678:
Miocene
Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area, California; United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642
1867:
1875:
149:
1771:
1758:
62:
1893:
702:
301:
489:
293:
193:
134:
469:
1698:
1924:
208:
49:
1509:
Bouchet, P. (2014). Turbinidae
Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at
1776:
1903:
1797:
1745:
1667:
1610:
1544:
1975:
1672:
716:
629:
427:
304:
1952:
1510:
613:
418:
224:
57:
1929:
1911:
1784:
1643:
1567:
1524:
829:
285:
1939:
1854:
1916:
1575:
707:
657:
179:
1736:
1590:
501:
228:
39:
507:
This family consists of five following subfamilies according to
Williams et al. (2008):
1655:
Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined
289:
257:
183:
114:
1969:
1686:
1579:
1473:
1394:
1331:
1283:
1264:
1140:
1106:
1071:
751:
677:
281:
252:
296:. However, this is a quite ancient group of gastropods, probably originating in the
1789:
1750:
687:
561:
262:
1763:
219:
operculum. This strong operculum serves as a passive defensive structure against
1880:
1836:
1730:
870:
769:
736:
497:
372:
316:
240:
44:
1721:
439:- synonym: "Prisogastrinae" in Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) is a spelling error.
30:
799:
493:
360:
205:
104:
1810:
779:
726:
651:
621:
596:
546:
454:
442:
212:
186:
74:
1677:
1715:
840:
819:
477:
220:
216:
124:
94:
850:
809:
789:
297:
268:
189:
326:
This family consists of eight following subfamilies (according to the
1841:
759:
481:
250:. However, the scientific name Turbinidae is based on the genus name
247:
84:
1828:
1692:
1815:
746:
650:
468:
1685:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1611:
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225151
1545:
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382193
496:
was elevated to family level, Colloniinae was elevated to family
488:
Turbinidae was redefined and moved to the redefined superfamily
1696:
246:
presumably refers to the shell's similarity in appearance to a
1511:
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=503
1802:
625:
was not included in the molecular studies performed in 2010.
292:
Trochacea. Trochaecea is now a synonym for the superfamily
558:
taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005
328:
taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005
321:
taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005
1539:
1537:
504:, Margaritinae was moved to Turbinidae from Trochidae.
300:
period 298 to 250 million years ago. They have typical
211:
readily distinguishing them from the somewhat similar
1705:
280:Previously they were classified in the subclass
1653:Williams S.T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (2008)
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1668:Seashells of New South Wales : Turbinidae
1642:American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA).
1635:. Journal of Natural History 22(4): 949–1004.
1598:National Center for Biotechnology Information
476:(Linnaeus, 1767), a fossil turbinid from the
8:
1981:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
227:or that would break the shell at the outer
1693:
29:
20:
665:Genera in the family Turbinidae include:
307:like the nacreous interior of the shell.
1640:A classification of the living Mollusca.
701:
1673:Seashells of New South Wales: Skeneinae
1502:
492:according to Williams et al. (2008):
7:
1904:1b5d8cc0-4c7b-43eb-982a-1c409e6fcf4f
560:) - upgraded to the rank of family
315:Turbinidae belongs to superfamily
14:
595:: upgraded to the rank of family
1680:
1657:. Zoologica Scripta 37: 483–506.
1580:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00341.x
545:(upgraded to the rank of family
223:that try to enter by way of the
204:Turbinidae have a strong, thick
61:
633:J. C. Fischer & Weber, 1997
431:J. C. Fischer & Weber, 1997
400:Monari, Conti & szabo, 1995
669:Not belonging to any subfamily
599:Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971
1:
525:H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
459:uroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971
348:H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
1088:Rehder, 1943 represented as
881:Genera brought into synonymy
215:or top snails, which have a
907:Olsson & Harbison, 1953
541:- synonym: Delphinoideinae
448:- synonym: Delphinoideinae
384:- synonym: Bothropomatinae
1997:
863:Hickman & McLean, 1990
617:Hickman & McLean, 1990
604:Hickman & McLean, 1990
579:Hickman & McLean, 1990
437:Hickman & McLean, 1990
422:Hickman & McLean, 1990
272:has a similar derivation.
266:, a child's toy. The word
1600:, accessed 19 April 2010.
366:- synonym: Delphinulinae
162:
157:
58:Scientific classification
56:
37:
28:
23:
1241:Habe & Okutani, 1981
1049:Habe & Okutani, 1980
570:- synonym: Margaritinae
404:tribe † Crossostomatini
388:(inv.); Homalopomatinae
661:, a deep water turbinid
515:- synonyms: Senectinae
410:tribe † Helicocryptini
338:- synonyms: Senectinae
711:
662:
593:Habe & Oyama, 1971
485:
398:tribe † Adeorbisinini
1925:Paleobiology Database
1638:Vaught, K.C. (1989).
1631:Marshall, B.A. 1988.
705:
654:
583:tribe Kaiparathinini
472:
356:Bolmidae Delpey, 1941
1450:G.B. Sowerby I, 1838
16:Family of gastropods
1259: : synonym of
1086:Turbo (Halopsephus)
556:- tribes are sensu
192:in the superfamily
158:Genera and species
712:
663:
591:Tegulinae Kuroda,
566:tribe Margaritini
486:
182:of small to large
1963:
1962:
1912:Open Tree of Life
1699:Taxon identifiers
1568:Zoologica Scripta
1492:
1485:
1477:
1467:
1458:
1451:
1443:
1436:
1428:
1421:
1413:
1406:
1398:
1388:
1380:
1373:
1365:
1358:
1350:
1343:
1335:
1325:
1317:
1310:
1302:
1295:
1287:
1277:
1268:
1258:
1249:
1242:
1234:
1227:
1219:
1212:
1204:
1197:
1189:
1182:
1174:
1167:
1159:
1152:
1144:
1134:
1125:
1118:
1110:
1100:
1083:
1075:
1065:
1057:
1050:
1042:
1035:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1005:
998:
990:
983:
975:
968:
960:
953:
945:
938:
930:
923:
915:
908:
900:
893:
876:
864:
856:
846:
835:
825:
815:
805:
795:
785:
775:
765:
755:
742:
732:
722:
693:
683:
634:
618:
605:
594:
586:
580:
573:
569:
555:
544:
540:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
460:
451:
447:
438:
432:
423:
413:
407:
401:
395:
392:; Petropomatinae
391:
387:
383:
380:tribe Colloniini
377:
369:
365:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
319:according to the
286:Archaeogastropoda
169:
168:
153:
38:Three views of a
1988:
1956:
1955:
1943:
1942:
1933:
1932:
1920:
1919:
1907:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1884:
1883:
1881:NHMSYS0021056532
1871:
1870:
1858:
1857:
1845:
1844:
1832:
1831:
1819:
1818:
1806:
1805:
1793:
1792:
1780:
1779:
1767:
1766:
1754:
1753:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1694:
1684:
1683:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1607:
1601:
1588:
1582:
1563:
1548:
1541:
1532:
1520:
1514:
1507:
1490:
1483:
1472:
1465:
1456:
1449:
1441:
1434:
1426:
1419:
1411:
1405:P. Fischer, 1885
1404:
1393:
1386:
1378:
1371:
1363:
1357:Schumacher, 1817
1356:
1348:
1341:
1330:
1323:
1315:
1308:
1300:
1293:
1282:
1275:
1263:
1256:
1247:
1240:
1232:
1225:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1195:
1187:
1180:
1172:
1165:
1157:
1150:
1139:
1132:
1123:
1116:
1105:
1098:
1081:
1070:
1063:
1055:
1048:
1040:
1033:
1025:
1018:
1011:
1003:
996:
988:
982:P. Fischer, 1885
981:
973:
966:
958:
951:
943:
936:
928:
921:
913:
906:
898:
891:
874:
862:
861:Prisogasterinae
854:
844:
833:
823:
813:
803:
793:
783:
773:
763:
750:
740:
730:
720:
708:Lithopoma tectum
691:
681:
658:Guildfordia yoka
632:
616:
603:
602:Prisogasterinae
592:
584:
578:
571:
567:
553:
542:
538:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
513:Rafinesque, 1815
512:
458:
449:
445:
436:
435:Prisogasterinae
430:
421:
411:
405:
399:
393:
389:
385:
381:
375:
367:
363:
355:
351:
347:
343:
342:; Imperatorinae
339:
336:Rafinesque, 1815
335:
148:
66:
65:
33:
21:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1951:
1946:
1938:
1936:
1928:
1923:
1915:
1910:
1902:
1900:
1892:
1887:
1879:
1874:
1866:
1861:
1853:
1848:
1840:
1835:
1827:
1822:
1814:
1809:
1801:
1796:
1788:
1783:
1775:
1770:
1762:
1757:
1749:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1701:
1681:
1664:
1628:
1627:
1621:
1617:
1608:
1604:
1589:
1585:
1564:
1551:
1542:
1535:
1521:
1517:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1021:represented as
649:
641:
572:Stoliczka, 1868
517:Swainson, 1840;
502:Phasianelloidea
467:
368:Stoliczka, 1868
313:
284:, in the order
278:
237:
202:
147:
60:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1994:
1992:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1968:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1944:
1934:
1921:
1908:
1898:
1885:
1872:
1859:
1846:
1833:
1820:
1807:
1794:
1781:
1768:
1755:
1742:
1727:
1711:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1675:
1670:
1663:
1662:External links
1660:
1659:
1658:
1651:
1650:. XII, 195 pp.
1636:
1626:
1625:
1615:
1602:
1583:
1574:(5): 483-506.
1549:
1533:
1515:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1478:
1459:
1444:
1429:
1414:
1399:
1381:
1366:
1364:Montfort, 1810
1351:
1349:Montfort, 1810
1342:Swainson, 1840
1336:
1324:Schepman, 1908
1321:Pseudastralium
1318:
1303:
1288:
1269:
1250:
1235:
1233:A. Adams, 1867
1220:
1205:
1190:
1175:
1173:Linnaeus, 1758
1160:
1158:Philippi, 1847
1145:
1126:
1117:Montfort, 1810
1111:
1093:
1092:Linnaeus, 1758
1076:
1058:
1043:
1028:
1026:Linnaeus, 1758
1019:Linnaeus, 1758
1006:
997:Swainson, 1840
991:
989:A. Adams, 1865
976:
974:Montfort, 1810
961:
952:Swainson, 1840
946:
937:Montfort, 1810
931:
922:Troschel, 1852
916:
901:
885:
884:
882:
878:
877:
866:
865:
858:
857:
847:
837:
834:Linnaeus, 1758
826:
816:
806:
796:
786:
776:
766:
756:
743:
733:
723:
700:
699:
695:
694:
684:
673:
672:
670:
648:
645:
640:
637:
636:
635:
626:
607:
606:
600:
589:
588:
587:
585:Marshall, 1993
581:
575:
550:
539:W. Clark, 1851
535:
523:; Astraliinae
519:Imperatorinae
474:Astraea rugosa
466:
463:
462:
461:
452:
446:W. Clark, 1851
440:
433:
424:
416:
415:
414:
408:
402:
396:
382:Cossmann, 1917
376:Cossmann, 1917
370:
358:
346:; Astraliinae
340:Swainson, 1840
312:
309:
277:
274:
236:
233:
201:
198:
167:
166:
160:
159:
155:
154:
142:
138:
137:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
115:Vetigastropoda
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
54:
53:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
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4:
3:
2:
1993:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1954:
1949:
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1941:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1688:
1687:public domain
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1648:0-915826-22-4
1645:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1616:
1613:on 2010-04-19
1612:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1547:on 2010-04-19
1546:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:3-925919-27-9
1526:
1519:
1516:
1513:on 2014-07-28
1512:
1506:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1486:: synonym of
1482:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1468:: synonym of
1464:
1460:
1455:
1452:: synonym of
1448:
1445:
1440:
1437:: synonym of
1433:
1430:
1427:Iredale, 1915
1425:
1422:: synonym of
1420:Strebel, 1908
1418:
1415:
1410:
1407:: synonym of
1403:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1389:: synonym of
1387:Okutani, 1964
1385:
1382:
1377:
1374:: synonym of
1372:Iredale, 1937
1370:
1367:
1362:
1359:: synonym of
1355:
1352:
1347:
1344:: synonym of
1340:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1326:: synonym of
1322:
1319:
1314:
1311:: synonym of
1309:Iredale, 1937
1307:
1304:
1299:
1296:: synonym of
1292:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1278:: synonym of
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1243:: synonym of
1239:
1238:Okinawastraea
1236:
1231:
1228:: synonym of
1226:Iredale, 1915
1224:
1221:
1218:Iredale, 1924
1216:
1213:: synonym of
1209:
1206:
1201:
1198:: synonym of
1194:
1191:
1186:
1183:: synonym of
1179:
1176:
1171:
1168:: synonym of
1164:
1161:
1156:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1135:: synonym of
1131:
1127:
1122:
1119:: synonym of
1115:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1101:: synonym of
1097:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1084:: synonym of
1080:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1066:: synonym of
1062:
1059:
1054:
1051:: synonym of
1047:
1046:Foliastralium
1044:
1039:
1036:: synonym of
1034:Iredale, 1937
1032:
1029:
1024:
1017:
1016:Turbo (Turbo)
1014:: synonym of
1012:Iredale, 1937
1010:
1007:
1002:
999:: synonym of
995:
992:
987:
984:: synonym of
980:
977:
972:
969:: synonym of
965:
962:
957:
954:: synonym of
950:
947:
942:
939:: synonym of
935:
932:
927:
924:: synonym of
920:
917:
912:
909:: synonym of
905:
902:
897:
894:: synonym of
890:
887:
886:
883:
880:
879:
873:
872:
868:
867:
860:
859:
853:
852:
848:
843:
842:
838:
832:
831:
827:
822:
821:
817:
812:
811:
807:
802:
801:
797:
792:
791:
787:
782:
781:
777:
772:
771:
767:
762:
761:
757:
753:
749:
748:
744:
741:Iredale, 1924
739:
738:
734:
729:
728:
724:
719:
718:
714:
713:
710:
709:
704:
697:
696:
690:
689:
685:
680:
679:
678:Phanerolepida
675:
674:
671:
668:
667:
666:
660:
659:
655:The shell of
653:
646:
644:
638:
631:
630:Moreanellinae
627:
624:
623:
615:
612:
611:
610:
601:
598:
590:
582:
577:tribe Gazini
576:
565:
564:
563:
559:
552:Margaritinae
551:
548:
536:
527:; Astraeinae
510:
509:
508:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
483:
479:
475:
471:
465:2008 taxonomy
464:
456:
453:
444:
441:
434:
429:
428:Moreanellinae
425:
420:
417:
409:
403:
397:
379:
378:
374:
371:
362:
359:
350:; Astraeinae
333:
332:
331:
329:
324:
322:
318:
311:2005 taxonomy
310:
308:
306:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:Prosobranchia
275:
273:
271:
270:
265:
264:
259:
255:
254:
249:
245:
242:
234:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
207:
199:
197:
195:
191:
188:
185:
181:
177:
176:turban snails
173:
165:
161:
156:
151:
146:
143:
140:
139:
136:
133:
131:Superfamily:
130:
129:
126:
123:
120:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
89:
86:
83:
80:
79:
76:
73:
70:
69:
64:
59:
55:
51:
47:
46:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1706:
1654:
1639:
1632:
1618:
1605:
1592:
1586:
1571:
1566:
1518:
1505:
1487:
1480:
1469:
1463:Tylastralium
1462:
1453:
1446:
1438:
1431:
1423:
1417:Submargarita
1416:
1408:
1401:
1390:
1383:
1375:
1368:
1360:
1353:
1345:
1338:
1327:
1320:
1312:
1305:
1297:
1290:
1279:
1273:Ormastralium
1272:
1260:
1253:
1244:
1237:
1229:
1222:
1214:
1211:Cotton, 1939
1207:
1199:
1192:
1184:
1181:Gistel, 1848
1177:
1169:
1166:Röding, 1798
1162:
1154:
1147:
1136:
1133:Finlay, 1926
1129:
1124:Röding, 1798
1120:
1113:
1102:
1095:
1089:
1085:
1082:Rehder, 1943
1078:
1067:
1061:Galeoastraea
1060:
1052:
1045:
1037:
1030:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1000:
993:
985:
978:
970:
963:
959:Röding, 1798
955:
948:
940:
933:
925:
918:
914:Lesson, 1832
910:
903:
899:Röding, 1798
895:
888:
869:
855:Mienis, 2011
849:
839:
836:- type genus
828:
818:
808:
804:McLean, 1970
798:
794:Röding, 1798
788:
778:
768:
764:Lesson, 1832
758:
745:
735:
725:
721:Röding, 1798
715:
706:
692:Powell, 1951
688:Tropidomarga
686:
676:
664:
656:
642:
639:Distribution
620:
608:
568:Thiele, 1924
562:Margaritidae
554:Thiele, 1924
543:Thiele, 1924
533:Delpey, 1941
529:Davies, 1935
506:
487:
473:
450:Thiele, 1924
386:Thiele, 1924
352:Davies, 1935
325:
314:
279:
267:
263:spinning top
261:
251:
244:turban snail
243:
238:
203:
175:
171:
170:
163:
144:
43:
18:
1837:iNaturalist
1731:Wikispecies
1591:Search for
1466:Sacco, 1896
1457:Bayle, 1880
1442:Angas, 1877
1276:Sacco, 1896
1257:Sacco, 1896
1215:Bellastraea
1208:Micrastraea
1196:Leach, 1819
1178:Macropelmus
1153:synonym of
1151:Gray, 1842:
1079:Halopsephus
1031:Distellifer
1009:Dinassovica
994:Cyclocantha
929:Mörch, 1850
926:Prisogaster
904:Agathistoma
875:Mörch, 1850
871:Prisogaster
770:Guildfordia
737:Bellastraea
614:Moellerinae
531:; Bolmidae
511:Turbininae
498:Colloniidae
419:Moellerinae
373:Colloniinae
334:Turbininae
317:Turbinoidea
290:superfamily
256:, which is
241:common name
200:Description
45:Turbo sazae
24:Turbinidae
1976:Turbinidae
1970:Categories
1764:Turbinidae
1751:Turbinidae
1737:Turbinidae
1707:Turbinidae
1497:References
1491:Gray, 1847
1488:Margarites
1484:Gray, 1857
1481:Valvatella
1447:Trochiscus
1439:Cirsonella
1435:Bush, 1897
1432:Tharsiella
1424:Lissotesta
1412:Link, 1807
1379:Link, 1807
1369:Rugastella
1316:Link, 1807
1306:Pagocalcar
1301:Gray, 1850
1294:Gray, 1850
1248:Link, 1807
1203:Gray, 1847
1200:Margarites
1188:Link, 1807
1130:Incilaster
1099:Habe, 1958
1096:Harisazaea
1064:Habe, 1958
1056:Link, 1807
1041:Link, 1807
1004:Link, 1807
967:Gray, 1842
964:Cardinalia
949:Canthorbis
944:Link, 1807
892:Link, 1807
845:Gray, 1850
824:Gray, 1850
814:Gray, 1850
800:Megastraea
784:Gray, 1850
774:Gray, 1850
731:Link, 1807
698:Turbininae
682:Dall, 1907
537:Skeneinae
521:Gray, 1847
494:Angariidae
490:Trochoidea
390:Keen, 1960
364:Gray, 1857
361:Angariinae
344:Gray, 1847
305:characters
294:Trochoidea
206:calcareous
194:Trochoidea
172:Turbinidae
150:Rafinesque
145:Turbinidae
135:Trochoidea
111:Subclass:
105:Gastropoda
1593:Moelleria
1409:Astralium
1384:Senobolma
1376:Astralium
1339:Pyramidea
1313:Astralium
1298:Lithopoma
1291:Pachypoma
1245:Astralium
1223:Notosetia
1193:Margarita
1185:Astralium
1155:Cittarium
1114:Imperator
1053:Astralium
1038:Astralium
1001:Astralium
941:Astralium
780:Lithopoma
727:Astralium
622:Moelleria
597:Tegulidae
547:Skeneidae
455:Tegulinae
443:Skeneinae
412:Cox, 1960
406:Cox, 1960
394:Cox, 1960
302:primitive
235:Etymology
221:predators
213:Trochidae
209:operculum
187:gastropod
164:See text
81:Kingdom:
75:Eukaryota
52:in place
50:operculum
48:with the
1722:Q1310166
1716:Wikidata
1623:104-245.
1454:Norrisia
1163:Lunatica
979:Crosseia
841:Uvanilla
820:Pomaulax
478:Pliocene
276:Taxonomy
225:aperture
217:corneous
190:molluscs
178:, are a
141:Family:
125:Trochida
95:Mollusca
91:Phylum:
85:Animalia
71:Domain:
1940:4783341
1354:Pyramis
1254:Oobolma
1230:Putilla
1121:Astraea
986:Crossea
956:Astraea
896:Astraea
851:Yaronia
810:Modelia
790:Lunella
717:Astraea
500:within
298:Permian
288:in the
269:turbine
121:Order:
101:Class:
1937:uBio:
1917:407513
1901:NZOR:
1868:566920
1855:114572
1816:1TURBF
1646:
1527:
1476:, 1826
1402:Stella
1397:, 1826
1361:Tectus
1346:Tectus
1334:, 1826
1286:, 1826
1267:, 1826
1148:Livona
1143:, 1826
1109:, 1826
1074:, 1826
971:Tectus
934:Calcar
911:Tegula
889:Astrea
760:Cookia
754:, 1826
647:Genera
574:(inv.)
482:Cyprus
248:turban
184:marine
180:family
174:, the
152:, 1815
1948:WoRMS
1930:62646
1894:63671
1850:IRMNG
1842:86122
1790:7NLGG
1474:Risso
1470:Bolma
1395:Risso
1391:Bolma
1332:Risso
1328:Bolma
1284:Risso
1280:Bolma
1265:Risso
1261:Bolma
1170:Turbo
1141:Risso
1137:Bolma
1107:Risso
1103:Bolma
1090:Turbo
1072:Risso
1068:Bolma
1023:Turbo
919:Amyxa
830:Turbo
752:Risso
747:Bolma
258:Latin
253:Turbo
40:shell
1889:NCBI
1863:ITIS
1829:6802
1824:GBIF
1811:EPPO
1803:2396
1772:BOLD
1644:ISBN
1525:ISBN
260:for
239:The
1953:503
1876:NBN
1798:EoL
1785:CoL
1777:474
1759:AFD
1746:ADW
1576:doi
619:-
480:of
330:):
323:).
229:lip
42:of
1972::
1950::
1927::
1914::
1891::
1878::
1865::
1852::
1839::
1826::
1813::
1800::
1787::
1774::
1761::
1748::
1733::
1718::
1596:,
1572:37
1552:^
1536:^
1461:†
1271:†
1252:†
1128:†
628:†
426:†
354:;
196:.
1689:.
1578::
1531:.
549:)
484:.
457:K
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