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298:) is a cone-shaped callus that penetrates into the dermis, usually on the feet or hands. Corns may form due to chronic pressure or rubbing at a pressure point (in this skin over a bone), or due to scar tissue from a healing wound creating pressure in a weight-bearing area such as the sole of the foot. If there is constant stimulation of the tissue producing the corns, even after the corn is surgically removed, the skin may continue to grow as a corn.
351:
90:
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145:) is an area of thickened and sometimes hardened skin that forms as a response to repeated friction, pressure, or other irritation. Since repeated contact is required, calluses are most often found on the feet and hands, but they may occur anywhere on the skin. Some degree of callus, such as on the bottom of the foot, is normal.
279:
412:
The stiffness of a callus or corn, coupled with the shear and pressure that caused it, may tear the capillaries or adjoining tissue, causing bleeding within the callus or corn. This can often be result of trying to pick, cut, or shave off the callus by yourself at home. Although the bleeding can be
341:
Corns and calluses are easier to prevent than to treat. When it is undesirable to form a callus, minimizing rubbing and pressure will prevent callus formation. Footwear should be properly fitted, gloves may be worn, and protective pads, rings or skin dressings may be used. People with poor
496:
from the repeated pressure and friction of playing stringed instruments. This formation of calluses allows the player to repeatedly depress the strings without causing pain. Because of this, callus formation is viewed as something of a rite of passage for beginner string players.
202:(where the most pressure and friction are applied). On the feet (arguably the source of the most problematic calluses), they typically form on the metatarsal-phalangeal joint area ("balls of the foot"), heels and small toes due to the compression applied by tightly fitting shoes.
405:, the small blood vessels which feed the skin, thickening of the skin with callus increases the difficulty of supplying nutrients to the skin. Callus formation is seen in high numbers of patients with diabetes, and together with absent foot pulses and formation of
434:
325:
The location of the soft corns tends to differ from that of hard corns. Hard corns occur on dry, flat surfaces of skin. Soft corns (frequently found between adjacent toes) stay moist, keeping the surrounding skin soft. The corn's center is not soft however, but
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are formed. The blood itself is an irritant, a foreign body within the callus that makes the area burn or itch. If the pool of blood is exposed to the outside, infection may follow. Infection may also lead to
301:
The hard part at the center of the corn resembles a funnel with a broad raised top and a pointed bottom. Because of their shape, corns intensify the pressure at the tip and can cause deep tissue damage and
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2440:
1359:
489:, such calluses are considered marks of piety in some Muslim countries, and people have been known to take special steps, such as praying on straw mats, to encourage the callus to develop.
171:
Normally, a callus will form on any part of the skin exposed to excess friction over a long period of time. Activities that are known for causing calluses include (but are not limited to)
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in the outermost layer of skin. Though the cells of calluses are dead, they are quite resistant to mechanical and chemical damage due to extensive networks of cross-linked proteins and
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2785:
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888:
1866:
632:
Grima, Joseph N.; Vella Wood, Michelle; Portelli, Nadia; Grima-Cornish, James N.; Attard, Daphne; Gatt, Alfred; Formosa, Cynthia; Cerasola, Dario (2022-01-05).
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or infection, or cause the affected person to try to offload the affected painful area, which can place excessive stress on the asymptomatic side.
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Although calluses can occur anywhere on the body as a reaction to moderate, constant "grinding" pressure, they are most often found on the
2609:
3049:
693:"Sports Dermatology: Part 1 of 2 Traumatic or Mechanical Injuries, Inflammatory Conditions, and Exacerbations of Pre-existing Conditions"
3061:
458:
purportedly refrained from robbing men with calloused hands, assuming them to be working class laborers. Such notion is also present in
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3056:
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1955:
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Calluses and corns may heal by themselves eventually, once the irritation is consistently avoided. They may also be dissolved with
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260:, which produces corns in the creases of the fingers and non-weight bearing spaces of the feet. Some of this may be caused by
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circulation or sensation should check their skin often for signs of rubbing and irritation so they can minimize any damage.
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256:, can cause thickening of the palms and soles as well as pinpoint hyperkeratoses. There is a benign condition called
422:. This process can be prevented at several places. Diabetic foot infections are the leading cause of diabetic limb
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The specific diagnostic workup and treatments for corns may differ substantially from other forms of calluses.
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152:, as well as offering protection. However, excessive formation may sometimes lead to other problems, such as a
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Calluses cover the hands of a contestant participating in the international military sports event
Seaweek.
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Calluses have also been known to develop on the forehead from the frequent prostrations required in
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skin. Too much friction occurring too fast for the skin to develop a protective callus will cause a
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This article is about callous. For a definition of the term "callus", see the
Wiktionary entry
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1256:, R Berkow, M.D., et al., editors, Merck Research Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, NJ, 1997.
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1250:, 15th Edition, CL Thomas, M.D., M.P.H., editor, F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA, 1985.
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577:"Hand Sensibility, Strength, and Laxity of High-Level Musicians Compared to Non- Musicians"
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818:
371:
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Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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990:
Tantisiriwat N, Janchai S (July 2008). "Common foot problems in diabetic foot clinic".
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Boulton, Andrew J.; Meneses, Patricio; Ennis, William J. (JanuaryâFebruary 1999).
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Sims, Susan E. G.; Engel, Laura; Hammert, Warren C.; Elfar, John C. (2015-08-05).
1332:
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769:"Transglutaminases: multifunctional cross-linking enzymes that stabilize tissues"
409:, this may be an early sign of individuals at an increased risk for foot ulcers.
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Rainforest
Cowboys: The Rise of Ranching and Cattle Culture in Western Amazonia
768:
634:"Blisters and Calluses from Rowing: Prevalence, Perceptions and Pain Tolerance"
592:
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refer to hands left cracked and chapped due to manual work, and are used as
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This article is about calluses and corns of human skin. For other uses, see
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264:, which occurs due to overexposure to sun or with age and hormonal shifts.
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Are
Calluses Actually Bad for Your Feet? See What Podiatrists Have to Say
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942:"Common foot examination features of 247 Iranian patients with diabetes"
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Sometimes a callus occurs where there is no rubbing or pressure. These
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You should not have to "break in" shoes if they fit properly.
1194:"Maori Proverbs with their English Translation - Whakatauki"
248:
can have a variety of causes. Some toxic materials, such as
889:"Diabetic foot ulcers: A framework for prevention and care"
691:
Emer, Jason; Sivek, Rachel; Marciniak, Brian (2015-04-08).
401:
face special skin challenges. Because diabetes affects the
940:
Alavi A, Sanjari M, Haghdoost A, Sibbald RG (April 2009).
354:
A person with callus at the barber surgeon's, 17th century
252:, can cause thick palms and soles. Some diseases, such as
535:"Corns and Calluses: Symptoms, Treatment & Care Tips"
205:
Biologically, calluses are formed by the accumulation of
129:
Calluses (plantar in right foot and medial in left foot)
819:"Corns (Clavus): Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology"
1051:"The Influence of Profession on the Shape of the Hand"
1254:
The Merck Manual of
Medical Information, Home Edition
442:
Calluses in the hands are frequently associated with
2463:
Cutaneous keratosis, ulcer, atrophy, and necrobiosis
1264:
740:
Bouchez, Colette (2009-02-09). Chang, Louise (ed.).
159:
Rubbing that is too frequent or forceful will cause
148:
Calluses are generally not harmful and help prevent
3146:
3128:
3090:
3020:
2960:
2895:
2880:
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2798:
2776:
Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis
2709:
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2468:
2351:
2318:
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2247:
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2195:
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2145:
2136:
2089:
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2017:
2006:
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1674:
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1592:
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1462:
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1268:
1219:"Fashion and Faith Meet, on Foreheads of the Pious"
113:
101:
82:
2937:Lupus erythematosusâlichen planus overlap syndrome
817:
1382:Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology
697:The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology
3203:Skin conditions resulting from physical factors
1111:"Almost Yesterday: The Gads Hill Train Robbery"
935:
933:
2985:Morpheaâlichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap
2448:
1867:Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta
1367:
8:
1521:Dermatofibroma (benign fibrous histiocytoma)
850:. Healthwise. How do I find the right shoes?
1169:He Iti te Kupu: MÄori Metaphors and Similes
2892:
2706:
2455:
2441:
2433:
2244:
2142:
2014:
2003:
1996:
1600:
1589:
1391:
1374:
1360:
1352:
1265:
88:
79:
2549:Seborrheic keratosis with squamous atypia
965:
784:
742:"Tips to Avoid Foot Pain From High Heels"
716:
667:
649:
608:
413:small, sometimes small pools of blood or
2790:Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction
2761:Annular elastolytic giant-cell granuloma
2583:Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis
2566:Keratosis punctata of the palmar creases
1145:. Chelsea House Publishers. p. 32.
871:Corns and calluses: Treatments and drugs
841:"Foot problems: Finding the right shoes"
2635:Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis
2620:Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola
1217:Slackman, Michael (December 18, 2007).
523:
2492:Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex
2174:Disseminated intravascular coagulation
1084:"Why We Fetishize Working-Class Hands"
1069:10.1038/scientificamerican12281907-478
767:Tantisiriwat N, Janchai S (Dec 1991).
3082:Atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis
2786:Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis
1248:Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary
7:
2610:Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans
529:
527:
306:. The scientific name for a corn is
225:. It is the natural reaction of the
3062:Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans
191:, and fashion choices like wearing
163:, as opposed to calluses, to form.
138:
97:Examples of callus found on the toe
27:Thickened and hardened area of skin
3164:Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans
3057:Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini
2995:Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini
1956:Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
474:for someone deemed a hard worker.
25:
3105:Reactive perforating collagenosis
2739:Granuloma annulare in HIV disease
1857:Transient acantholytic dermatosis
1049:Gradenwitz, Alfred (1907-12-28).
848:Medical Reference from Healthwise
385:down by a professional such as a
2554:Reticulated seborrheic keratosis
1966:Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
958:10.1111/j.1742-481X.2009.00583.x
908:10.1046/j.1524-475x.1999.00007.x
839:Erstad, Shannon (6 March 2008).
318:, while a soft corn is called a
41:
3120:Acquired perforating dermatosis
3110:Elastosis perforans serpiginosa
3050:JadassohnâPellizzari anetoderma
1976:Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides
816:Silverberg, Nanette B. (2019).
258:keratosis palmaris et plantaris
2544:Irritated seborrheic keratosis
2217:Lichen sclerosis et atrophicus
1925:Subcorneal pustular dermatosis
1551:Infantile digital fibromatosis
1018:Hoelle, Jeffrey (2015-04-15).
492:Calluses may also form on the
1:
3077:Linear atrophoderma of Moulin
2749:Patch-type granuloma annulare
2625:Inverted follicular keratosis
1809:Epidermolysis bullosa simplex
1646:Langerhans cell histiocytosis
1109:Nickell, Frank (2021-09-07).
1082:Fiouzi, Andrew (2019-10-25).
896:Wound Repair and Regeneration
3045:SchweningerâBuzzi anetoderma
2744:Localized granuloma annulare
2285:Systemic lupus erythematosus
2040:Systemic lupus erythematosus
1731:Systemic lupus erythematosus
1028:. pp. 66, 74, 82, 179.
980:-12% having callus formation
54:about evolution and biology.
2771:Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma
2670:Waxy keratosis of childhood
2539:Common seborrheic keratosis
2534:Clonal seborrheic keratosis
2516:Keratoderma blennorrhagicum
1566:Lymphangioma circumscriptum
946:International Wound Journal
786:10.1096/fasebj.5.15.1683845
581:The Journal of Hand Surgery
314:). A hard corn is called a
3219:
2487:Paraneoplastic keratoderma
2388:Mucous membrane pemphigoid
1344:
1166:Black, Hona (2021-05-01).
1008:-56% having callus present
877:. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
593:10.1016/j.jhsa.2015.06.009
271:
119:Skin ulceration, infection
29:
2559:Dermatosis papulosa nigra
2482:Keratoderma climactericum
1026:University of Texas Press
96:
87:
3115:Perforating folliculitis
3067:Semicircular lipoatrophy
2504:Drug-induced keratoderma
2153:Thrombocytopenic purpura
1799:Dermatitis herpetiformis
1784:Acute contact dermatitis
1736:Pityriasis rubra pilaris
1661:WiskottâAldrich syndrome
1631:Lichen simplex chronicus
1511:Epidermal inclusion cyst
651:10.3390/medicina58010077
3072:Follicular atrophoderma
2860:eosinophilic dermatosis
2418:Squamous-cell carcinoma
2413:Systemic histoplasmosis
1804:Porphyria cutanea tarda
1434:Squamous-cell carcinoma
452:Gads Hill Train Robbery
32:Callus (disambiguation)
2800:Foreign body granuloma
2711:Necrobiotic/palisading
2605:Chronic scar keratosis
2393:Cicatricial pemphigoid
2310:Acne keloidalis nuchae
2305:Folliculitis decalvans
439:
355:
283:
219:intermediate filaments
130:
52:is missing information
2975:Localized scleroderma
2756:Necrobiosis lipoidica
2688:Cutis verticis gyrata
2615:Hydrocarbon keratosis
2499:Aquagenic keratoderma
2295:Loose anagen syndrome
2222:Necrobiosis lipoidica
2158:Actinic/solar purpura
1832:Insect bite reactions
1621:Seborrheic dermatitis
1444:Merkel-cell carcinoma
1424:Molluscum contagiosum
437:
377:or filed down with a
366:, sanded down with a
353:
281:
128:
3138:Pyoderma gangrenosum
3000:Pansclerotic morphea
2781:Rheumatoid nodulosis
2766:Granuloma multiforme
2645:Reactional keratosis
2595:Ichthyosis acquisita
2578:Acanthosis nigricans
2529:Seborrheic keratosis
2470:Epidermal thickening
2118:Annulare centrifugum
1641:Glucagonoma syndrome
1439:Basal-cell carcinoma
1414:Seborrheic keratosis
1172:. Oratia Media Ltd.
587:(10): 1996â2002.e5.
2990:Generalized morphea
2828:Zirconium granuloma
2808:Beryllium granuloma
2676:other hypertrophy:
2630:Lichenoid keratosis
2600:Arsenical keratosis
2363:Aphthous stomatitis
2300:Lichen planopilaris
2275:Androgenic alopecia
2081:Fixed drug eruption
1656:Pemphigus foliaceus
1556:Granular cell tumor
1056:Scientific American
448:blue-collar workers
430:Society and culture
189:physical activities
3010:Linear scleroderma
2823:Silicone granuloma
2719:Granuloma annulare
2383:Pemphigus vulgaris
2212:Granuloma annulare
2076:Carcinoid syndrome
1961:Tuberous sclerosis
1920:Coccidioidomycosis
1794:Bullous pemphigoid
1789:Pemphigus vulgaris
1721:Secondary syphilis
1611:Contact dermatitis
462:, where the words
456:JamesâYounger Gang
440:
362:agents containing
356:
284:
131:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3180:
2980:Localized morphea
2952:Rowell's syndrome
2876:
2875:
2866:Granuloma faciale
2813:Mercury granuloma
2683:Hypertrophic scar
2665:Warty dyskeratoma
2655:Thermal keratosis
2430:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2270:Telogen effluvium
2234:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2132:
2131:
1984:
1983:
1852:Lichen spinulosus
1847:Keratosis pilaris
1726:Mycosis fungoides
1626:Stasis dermatitis
1616:Atopic dermatitis
1579:
1578:
1454:Trichoepithelioma
1429:Actinic keratosis
1342:
1341:
1179:978-0-947506-91-9
1152:978-0-7910-3876-5
1137:Wukovits, John F.
1116:KRCU Public Radio
1035:978-0-292-76134-6
773:The FASEB Journal
262:actinic keratosis
173:construction work
123:
122:
77:Medical condition
75:
74:
16:(Redirected from
3210:
3154:Calcinosis cutis
3035:Lichen sclerosus
3005:Morphea profunda
2893:
2818:Silica granuloma
2707:
2650:Stucco keratosis
2457:
2450:
2443:
2434:
2368:Oral candidiasis
2245:
2143:
2071:Erythema nodosum
2015:
2004:
1997:
1941:Tinea versicolor
1779:Bullous impetigo
1716:Pityriasis rosea
1651:Lichen sclerosus
1636:Darier's disease
1601:
1590:
1546:Kaposi's sarcoma
1392:
1376:
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1007:
992:J Med Assoc Thai
987:
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540:Cleveland Clinic
531:
274:Corn (pathology)
221:containing many
181:food preparation
140:
92:
80:
70:
67:
61:
45:
37:
21:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3177:
3142:
3124:
3086:
3025:
3016:
2965:
2956:
2898:
2897:Cutaneous lupus
2885:
2872:
2852:Other/ungrouped
2847:
2794:
2692:
2660:Viral keratosis
2464:
2461:
2431:
2422:
2354:
2347:
2314:
2280:Alopecia areata
2258:
2240:
2226:
2183:
2162:
2138:
2128:
2085:
2044:
2030:Viral exanthems
2008:
1992:
1990:
1980:
1951:Pityriasis alba
1929:
1871:
1813:
1750:
1670:
1666:Zinc deficiency
1596:
1594:
1575:
1503:
1494:
1458:
1449:Nevus sebaceous
1383:
1380:
1350:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1277:
1263:
1244:
1242:Further reading
1239:
1238:
1229:
1227:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1202:
1200:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1121:
1119:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1094:
1092:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1036:
1017:
1016:
1012:
998:(7): 1097â101.
989:
988:
984:
939:
938:
931:
891:
886:
885:
881:
869:
865:
853:
851:
838:
837:
833:
815:
814:
810:
766:
765:
761:
752:
750:
739:
738:
734:
690:
689:
685:
631:
630:
626:
574:
573:
569:
558:
554:
545:
543:
533:
532:
525:
520:
503:
432:
395:
372:silicon carbide
348:
339:
276:
270:
223:disulfide bonds
209:differentiated
175:and craftwork,
169:
154:skin ulceration
78:
71:
65:
62:
55:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3216:
3214:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3190:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3134:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3096:
3094:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3037:
3031:
3029:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2971:
2969:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2927:
2926:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2903:
2901:
2890:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2804:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2715:
2713:
2704:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2640:PUVA keratosis
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2574:hyperkeratosis
2569:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2484:
2474:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2437:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2403:Coxsackievirus
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2147:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2120:
2115:
2113:Gyratum repens
2110:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2035:Toxic erythema
2032:
2027:
2025:Drug eruptions
2021:
2019:
2012:
2001:
1994:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1862:Lichen nitidus
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1764:Herpes simplex
1760:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1598:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1400:
1398:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1371:
1364:
1356:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1324:
1309:
1294:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1269:Classification
1262:
1261:External links
1259:
1258:
1257:
1251:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1224:New York Times
1209:
1185:
1178:
1158:
1151:
1128:
1101:
1074:
1041:
1034:
1010:
982:
929:
879:
863:
831:
808:
779:(15): 3071â7.
759:
732:
683:
624:
567:
552:
522:
521:
519:
516:
515:
514:
509:
507:Hyperkeratosis
502:
499:
431:
428:
394:
391:
364:salicylic acid
347:
344:
338:
335:
272:Main article:
269:
266:
246:hyperkeratoses
168:
165:
121:
120:
117:
111:
110:
105:
99:
98:
94:
93:
85:
84:
76:
73:
72:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3215:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3198:Foot diseases
3196:
3195:
3193:
3174:
3173:Pseudo-ainhum
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3159:Sclerodactyly
3157:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3100:Kyrle disease
3098:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2963:
2959:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2900:
2899:erythematosus
2894:
2891:
2889:
2883:
2879:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2458:
2453:
2451:
2446:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2373:Lichen planus
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2328:Onychomycosis
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2290:Tinea capitis
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2239:Miscellaneous
2237:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2137:Nonblanchable
2135:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1987:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:Hypopigmented
1932:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1885:Acne vulgaris
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:Lichen planus
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1769:Herpes zoster
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1741:Parapsoriasis
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1213:
1210:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1181:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1105:
1102:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1045:
1042:
1037:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1014:
1011:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
986:
983:
977:
973:
968:
963:
959:
955:
952:(2): 117â22.
951:
947:
943:
936:
934:
930:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
890:
883:
880:
876:
872:
867:
864:
860:
849:
847:
842:
835:
832:
827:
826:
820:
812:
809:
804:
800:
796:
792:
787:
782:
778:
774:
770:
763:
760:
749:
748:
743:
736:
733:
728:
724:
719:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
687:
684:
679:
675:
670:
665:
661:
657:
652:
647:
643:
639:
635:
628:
625:
620:
616:
611:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
571:
568:
565:
564:Footwear News
561:
556:
553:
542:
541:
536:
530:
528:
524:
517:
513:
510:
508:
505:
504:
500:
498:
495:
490:
488:
484:
481:; known as a
480:
479:Muslim prayer
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
460:MÄori culture
457:
454:in 1874, the
453:
450:. During the
449:
445:
436:
429:
427:
425:
421:
416:
410:
408:
404:
400:
392:
390:
388:
384:
380:
379:callus shaver
376:
373:
369:
365:
361:
352:
345:
343:
336:
334:
331:
329:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
299:
297:
293:
289:
282:Painful corns
280:
275:
267:
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115:Complications
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50:This article
48:
44:
39:
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33:
19:
3027:atrophoderma
2913:Panniculitis
2858:
2843:Carbon stain
2734:Subcutaneous
2589:
2508:
2343:Ingrown nail
1915:Dermatophyte
1910:Gonococcemia
1895:Folliculitis
1536:Neurofibroma
1504:subcutaneous
1408:
1326:
1311:
1296:
1281:
1253:
1247:
1228:. Retrieved
1222:
1212:
1201:. Retrieved
1198:www.maori.cl
1197:
1188:
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1131:
1120:. Retrieved
1114:
1104:
1093:. Retrieved
1089:MEL Magazine
1087:
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745:
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703:(4): 31â43.
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555:
544:. Retrieved
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486:
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467:
463:
444:manual labor
441:
411:
397:People with
396:
357:
340:
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324:
320:heloma molle
319:
316:heloma durum
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3092:Perforating
2962:Scleroderma
2930:ungrouped:
2833:Soot tattoo
2729:Generalized
2724:Perforating
2698:Necrobiosis
2478:keratoderma
2398:Herpesvirus
2378:Leukoplakia
2203:Scleroderma
2090:Specialized
2018:Generalized
1993:involvement
1905:Candidiasis
1597:involvement
1571:Myxoid cyst
1419:Acrochordon
1142:Jesse James
1063:(26): 478.
902:(1): 9â10.
875:Mayo Clinic
483:prayer bump
403:capillaries
360:keratolytic
215:hydrophobic
108:Dermatology
3192:Categories
3130:Skin ulcer
3040:Anetoderma
2906:chronic:
2886:localized
2338:Paronychia
2179:Vasculitis
2103:Multiforme
2101:Erythema (
2056:Cellulitis
2007:Blanchable
1756:Blistering
1746:Ichthyosis
1604:Eczematous
1516:Hemangioma
1230:2018-08-08
1203:2022-03-10
1122:2022-03-10
1095:2022-03-10
854:2010-06-10
753:2022-03-10
546:2022-03-10
518:References
494:fingertips
424:amputation
420:ulceration
407:hammer toe
387:podiatrist
337:Prevention
304:ulceration
207:terminally
193:high heels
2947:Verrucous
2932:Chilblain
2702:granuloma
2525:keratosis
2510:psoriasis
2333:Psoriasis
2241:disorders
2196:Indurated
2097:Urticaria
2049:Localized
1991:epidermal
1774:Varicella
1684:Psoriasis
1595:epidermal
1561:Leiomyoma
1463:Pigmented
1396:Epidermal
709:1941-2789
660:1010-660X
644:(1): 77.
601:0363-5023
512:Callosity
375:sandpaper
370:stone or
346:Treatment
328:indurated
294:, plural
241:instead.
103:Specialty
66:July 2019
58:talk page
3022:Atrophic
2924:Neonatal
2920:subacute
2408:Syphilis
2355:membrane
2010:Erythema
1946:Vitiligo
1900:Impetigo
1877:Pustular
1842:Miliaria
1690:Corporis
1541:Xanthoma
1490:Melanoma
1470:Freckles
1139:(1997).
1004:18839852
976:19432661
924:37720400
916:10231501
825:Medscape
727:26060516
678:35056385
638:Medicina
619:26253604
501:See also
415:hematoma
399:diabetes
393:Diabetes
312:helomata
310:(plural
254:syphilis
239:abrasion
217:keratin
177:the arts
161:blisters
150:blisters
143:calluses
2967:Morphea
2908:Discoid
2207:morphea
2167:Papular
2146:Macular
2139:Purpura
2123:Ab igne
2108:Migrans
2061:Abscess
1989:Without
1971:Leprosy
1890:Rosacea
1827:Scabies
1819:Papular
1688:Tinea (
1676:Scaling
1480:Melasma
1475:Lentigo
1388:Growths
1333:D002145
967:7951794
803:6751428
795:1683845
718:4456799
669:8779584
610:4584184
472:similes
250:arsenic
235:blister
231:plantar
183:, many
3169:Ainhum
2882:Dermis
2838:Tattoo
2678:Keloid
2590:Callus
2572:other
2353:Mucous
2249:Ulcers
1710:Faciei
1705:Manuum
1695:Cruris
1585:Rashes
1531:Lipoma
1526:Keloid
1500:Dermal
1409:Callus
1347:callus
1292:EH92.0
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487:zebiba
368:pumice
308:heloma
292:clavus
227:palmar
185:sports
135:callus
83:Callus
18:Tyloma
3147:Other
2942:Tumid
1700:Pedis
1485:Nevus
920:S2CID
892:(PDF)
846:WebMD
799:S2CID
747:WebMD
468:raupo
464:raupÄ
383:pared
381:, or
296:clavi
268:Corns
167:Cause
2320:Nail
2263:Hair
2066:Boil
1593:With
1404:Wart
1328:MeSH
1317:9-CM
1174:ISBN
1147:ISBN
1030:ISBN
1000:PMID
972:PMID
912:PMID
791:PMID
723:PMID
705:ISSN
674:PMID
656:ISSN
615:PMID
597:ISSN
466:and
446:and
290:(or
288:corn
200:foot
187:and
2888:CTD
2000:Red
1502:and
1322:700
1313:ICD
1307:L84
1298:ICD
1283:ICD
1065:doi
962:PMC
954:doi
904:doi
781:doi
713:PMC
664:PMC
646:doi
605:PMC
589:doi
485:or
237:or
229:or
139:pl.
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