819:
38:
1055:) to assess the time dependence of pH in a radioactive waste repository. Simultaneously, also emerged the question of the geochemical perturbation induced by an alkaline plume developing in an argillaceous environment. Indeed, the integrity of the repository near field could be compromised as large quantities of concrete will be placed in direct contact with the host rock (
991:(Scotland, UK), was a pioneer and an indefatigable artisan in their detailed characterisation. This explains the interest of Taylor, Cliff, and their colleagues for reappraising in 1975 the crystal structure and the stability of tachanarite, a decade after the two parallel discoveries in 1961 of the mineral by Sweet
1587:
A natural analogue study of cement buffered, hyperalkaline groundwaters and their interaction with a repository host rock IV: an examination of the
Khushaym Matruk (central Jordan) and Maqarin (northern Jordan) sites. An international project jointly funded by NDA-RWMD, ANDRA, CEA, JAEA, Nagra and
442:
C-S-H and C-A-S-H mineral phases are important hydration products of cements but can also be found, although much less frequently, in natural conditions in particular geological environments. The natural specimens are rare and of small size (often available only in limited quantity) but often well
958:
Natural analogue studies inspired by the first works on natural calcium silicate hydrates, closely related to the chemistry of cement, are performed to better understand the behaviour of an alkaline perturbation developing around the galleries of a cementitious radioactive waste repository.
1493:
Organova, N. I.; Zadov, A. E.; Chukanov, N. V.; Dubinchuk, V. T.; Kuznetsova, O. Yu.; Trubkin, N. V.; Levitskaya, L. A.; Marsii, I. M. (May 2007). "Structural model of the rare mineral tacharanite and a possible process of its formation".
1158:
As tacharanite is a member of the family of the calcium aluminium silicate hydrates (C-A-S-H), it has also been identified as a potentially newly formed minerals in the frame of the cement–clay interactions and taken into account for the
624:, 2007) have comprehensively revisited the crystal structure of this poorly studied mineral. From the tobermorite structure, they derived a model of the tacharanite structure and also established a relationship with a possible
1873:
Linklater, C.M., ed. (1998). A natural analogue study of cement buffered, hyperalkaline groundwaters and their interaction with a repository host rock: Phase II. Nirex
Science Report, S-98-003, UK Nirex, Harwell, U.K.
1003:
Tacharanite has received additional attention in the context of natural analogue studies undertaken to investigate the possible effects of an alkaline plume developing around a high-level radioactive waste repository.
2061:
Savage, David; Walker, Colin; Arthur, Randy; Rochelle, Chris; Oda, Chie; Takase, Hiro (January 2007). "Alteration of bentonite by hyperalkaline fluids: A review of the role of secondary minerals".
525:
alluding to the initially presumed instability of this mineral because after the first X-rays photographic examination it was thought to be unstable when exposed to air and prone to decompose into
628:-like structure. Based on these information, they proposed a tentative mechanism of formation considering the overall close presence of zeolite in the systems where tacharanite is found.
583:(1975) have also studied the stability of tacharanite standing in air but could not evidence any change. The results of their study thus contradict these of the very first work of Sweet
2178:
Hodgkinson, Emily S.; Hughes, Colin R. (January 1999). "The mineralogy and geochemistry of cement/rock reactions: high-resolution studies of experimental and analogue materials".
2170:
1078:(NaOH) has initially a very high pH of ~ 13.5. Latter in the cement degradation stages, evolved cement water (ECW) has a pH of 12.5 controlled by the dissolution of
1885:
Atkinson, Alan (1985). The time dependence of pH within a repository for radioactive waste disposal. AERE R11777 (Report). Harwell: UK Atomic Energy Agency, UKAEA.
602:
of a complex mixture of several minerals very difficult to separate (amongst others, tacharanite, tobermorite and gyrolite...) and nested in the vesicles of the
1665:"Clastic dikes of the Hatrurim basin (western flank of the Dead Sea) as natural analogues of alkaline concretes: Mineralogy, solution chemistry, and durability"
913:(Australia) by Sutherland who made a second parallel discovery of the mineral quasi at the same time as Sweet et al. (1961), but published his results later.
2146:
806:
groups present in the hydrate chemical formula can vary, depending on the literature source, and is thus more uncertain, perhaps legitimating the
1023:. Cementitious materials will serve as waste immobilization matrix, buffer materials, backfill materials, and also for the lining of galleries (
1384:
Sweet, Jessie M.; Bothwell, D. I.; Williams, D. L. (June 1961). "Tacharanite and other hydrated calcium silicates from
Portree, Isle of Skye".
1048:
594:
A possible explanation for this discrepancy could reside in the impure nature and the quite limited quantity of the mineral samples that Sweet
1743:
1566:
1052:
980:
1109:, slowly diffuse into the host geological formation where they interact with the various mineral phases of the surrounding rock. Inside a
533:. The name tachanarite was inspired both by the nature of the supposed mineral behaviour and the wealth of folklore associated with the
112:
1663:
Sokol, E. V.; Gaskova, O. L.; Kozmenko, O. A.; Kokh, S. N.; Vapnik, E. A.; Novikova, S. A.; Nigmatulina, E. N. (November 2014).
2231:
Savage, David; Noy, David; Mihara, Morihiro (March 2002). "Modelling the interaction of bentonite with hyperalkaline fluids".
249:
282:
2377:
1012:
566:
2347:
617:
1896:
Atkinson, Alan; Everitt, Nicoia M.; Guppy, Richard M. (1988). "Time dependence of pH in a cementitious repository".
971:) and C-A-S-H phases are essential phases of the hardened cement paste (HCP) contributing to the development of the
1008:
122:
2352:
1939:
Atkinson, A.; Hearne, J. A.; Knights, C. F. (1990). "Thermodynamic modelling and aqueous chemistry in the CaO-Al
2108:
McConnell, J. D. C. (March 1954). "The hydrated calcium silicates riversideite, tobermorite, and plombierite".
1172:
558:
428:
1133:
102:
1144:
988:
810:
roots of the name. This aspect needs to be verified before performing geochemical modeling calculations.
2372:
1827:
1781:
1759:
1729:
984:
917:
239:
229:
1066:). The pore water of the hardened cement paste (HCP) of concrete is hyperalkaline with a high pH. When
916:
Tacharanite natural occurrence has also been considered in the frame of the characterization works and
878:, UK. Tacharanite is associated there with other hydrated calcium silicates (tobermorite, gyrolite and
818:
2240:
2187:
2164:
2117:
2070:
2011:
1676:
1613:
1503:
1443:
1393:
1229:
1160:
1059:
1040:
1147:
in clay are calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) and zeolites potentially contributing to clogging the
2148:
The mineralogy and geochemistry of cement/rock interactions – PhD thesis (Proquest number 10729393)
1071:
1027:
and concrete blocks). The high pH prevailing in concrete pore water is beneficial for immobilizing
1020:
353:
272:
262:
616:
In 2007, on the basis of a larger number of tacharanite samples, a team of mineralogists from the
2219:
2203:
2043:
1972:
1913:
1847:
1801:
1708:
1692:
1645:
1629:
1535:
1519:
1475:
1459:
1263:
1247:
1152:
948:
510:
219:
1140:
reactions at the interface between cement and clay materials. The main reaction products of an
2367:
2362:
2256:
2211:
2133:
2086:
2035:
2027:
1999:
1980:
1921:
1855:
1809:
1739:
1700:
1637:
1562:
1527:
1467:
1409:
1255:
972:
847:
573:
444:
152:
2296:
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2195:
2125:
2078:
2019:
1964:
1905:
1839:
1793:
1684:
1621:
1511:
1451:
1401:
1237:
1196:
1113:
1075:
933:
561:(C-S-H) mineral but also significantly differs from it because it contains aluminium in its
470:
322:
292:
67:
2316:
1345:
2357:
1067:
1043:). Since the mid-1980, many studies were initiated after the pioneering works of Atkinson
883:
562:
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2191:
2121:
2074:
2015:
1680:
1617:
1507:
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Das große lapis mineralienverzeichnis. Alle mineralien von A – Z und ihre eigenschaften
1121:
976:
867:
851:
610:
132:
2252:
2341:
2223:
1712:
1664:
1586:
1539:
1479:
1434:
Cliff, G.; Gard, J. A.; Lorimer, G. W.; Taylor, H. F. W. (June 1975). "Tacharanite".
1267:
1137:
920:
of the natural analogue sites of
Khushaym Matruk and Maqarin in central and northern
452:
343:
209:
1649:
2129:
2047:
2000:"Cement/clay interactions – A review: Experiments, natural analogues, and modeling"
1625:
1455:
1405:
1125:
1117:
1028:
944:
534:
191:
2199:
1561:] (5. Completely revised and supplemented ed.). München, Germany: Weise.
37:
2023:
1784:(1960). "Aspects of the crystal structures of calcium silicates and aluminates".
1733:
1287:
1184:
1106:
1079:
863:
855:
823:
772:
is mentioned in the case of a synthesis report on the
Maqarin natural analogue.
554:
526:
432:
142:
2082:
1688:
1515:
1187: – Inosilicate alteration mineral in metamorphosed limestone and in skarn
1032:
1016:
895:
887:
570:
518:
363:
2260:
2215:
2207:
2137:
2090:
2031:
1984:
1976:
1925:
1917:
1859:
1851:
1813:
1805:
1704:
1696:
1641:
1633:
1531:
1523:
1471:
1463:
1413:
1259:
1251:
587:(1961) reporting the change of tacharanite into a mixture of tobermorite and
1797:
1190:
1129:
1095:
1024:
929:
879:
831:
803:
448:
43:
20:
2039:
1604:
Sutherland, F. L. (December 1976). "Tacharanite from
Tasmania, Australia".
1559:
The great lapis mineral index. All minerals from A – Z and their properties
636:
The general chemical composition of tacharanite is most often reported as
1968:
1909:
1178:
1148:
1110:
1036:
952:
925:
910:
899:
891:
875:
871:
607:
588:
530:
1242:
1217:
902:) also found in neighbouring localities. It was first presumed by Sweet
2276:
1316:
1105:) released by the concrete in contact with clay pore water, or granite
1063:
859:
827:
780:
776:
625:
603:
436:
401:
302:
60:
1141:
1019:, large amounts of concrete will be used in the near-field of a deep
921:
835:
799:
455:
denoted by the use of dashes in the abbreviations C-S-H and C-A-S-H.
741:, an equivalent notation more explicit for the silicate structure.
817:
443:
crystallised while the hydrated cement phases are disordered and
1056:
995:
at
Portree (Isle of Skye, Scotland) and Sutherland in Tasmania.
2110:
Mineralogical
Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society
1830:(1986). "Proposed structure for calcium silicate hydrate gel".
1386:
Mineralogical
Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society
591:
which was the main source of inspiration for the mineral name.
1181: – Rare phyllosilicate mineral crystallizing in spherules
1098:
689:
However, the tacharanite composition is sometimes referred as
1588:
SKB. Bedrock
Geosciences Technical Report 11-02 (BG-TR-11-02)
488:
482:
476:
598:(1961) have studied: they only worked onto a few milligrams
937:
494:
1132:
buffer material. Water-rock interactions lead to complex
744:
Finally, an enigmatic, and less hydrated composition, of
1175: – Main product of the hydration of Portland cement
2151:(Thesis). The University of Manchester (United Kingdom)
1339:
1337:
523:"an object or a thing left in place of a thing stolen"
955:) studied as natural analogues of alkaline concrete.
553:(1975), tacharanite shows some close resemblances to
491:
479:
1496:
Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics
906:(1961) to be a new member of the tobermorite group.
686:, simply written without expliciting the OH groups.
497:
485:
473:
388:
380:
372:
362:
352:
342:
321:
313:
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248:
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218:
208:
200:
190:
185:
151:
141:
131:
121:
111:
101:
66:
56:
51:
42:Globular, white tacharanite (diameter 2.5 mm) from
30:
1998:Gaucher, Eric C.; Blanc, Philippe (January 2006).
1599:
1597:
822:Spherical, cream-coloured tacharanite on white Na-
400:is a calcium aluminium silicate hydrate (C-A-S-H)
2180:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
2063:Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C
928:plumes are driven in the rock formation by the
435:. It is often found in mineral assemblage with
1724:
1722:
1762:(1959). "The chemistry of cement hydration".
850:of an intrusive igneous rock injected into a
8:
2169:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1580:
1578:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1281:
1279:
1277:
909:In 1961, tacharanite was also identified in
775:There is no uncertainties on the content in
663:(1975) mention an equivalent composition of
1585:Pitty, A.F.; Alexander, W.R., eds. (2011).
783:whose relative ratios are always the same:
1070:is used, young cement water (YCW) rich in
975:. They are formed by the hydration of the
842:Tacharanite was first identified by Sweet
36:
16:Calcium aluminium silicate hydrate mineral
1241:
1310:
1308:
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790:
786:
767:
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751:
747:
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407:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
1832:Journal of the American Ceramic Society
1208:
2162:
1124:the same process will also affect the
439:and other hydrated calcium silicates.
27:
981:ground granulated blast-furnace slags
7:
1218:"IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols"
569:(C-A-S-H) family. Tacharanite has a
943:Tacharanite is also present in the
567:calcium aluminium silicate hydrates
1844:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1986.tb07446.x
541:Stability of the crystal structure
14:
2145:Hodgkinson, Emily, Sarah (1998).
1216:Warr, Laurence N. (18 May 2021).
1173:C-S-H (calcium silicate hydrate)
987:, eminent cement chemist at the
469:
1344:Handbook of Mineralogy (2001).
2130:10.1180/minmag.1954.030.224.02
1626:10.1180/minmag.1976.040.316.10
1456:10.1180/minmag.1975.040.310.01
1406:10.1180/minmag.1961.032.253.01
463:Tachanarite (pronunciation as
1:
2253:10.1016/S0883-2927(01)00078-6
2200:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.157.01.15
838:, Italy (field of view 1 cm).
427:with some resemblance to the
2024:10.1016/j.wasman.2006.01.027
1786:Journal of Applied Chemistry
1013:high-level radioactive waste
565:, making it a member of the
404:of general chemical formula
1764:Progress in Ceramic Science
1193: – Inosilicate mineral
834:, northern Iblean plateau,
618:Russian Academy of Sciences
2394:
2297:"Tacharanite Mineral Data"
1288:"Tacharanite Mineral Data"
18:
2083:10.1016/j.pce.2005.08.048
1689:10.1134/S1028334X14100122
1516:10.3103/S1062873807050115
963:Cement hydration products
826:(a mineral series of the
798:. However, the number of
35:
2324:handbookofmineralogy.org
2315:Handbook of mineralogy.
1353:handbookofmineralogy.org
999:Cement–clay interactions
858:) at a small outcrop at
559:calcium silicate hydrate
429:calcium silicate hydrate
19:Not to be confused with
1798:10.1002/jctb.5010100802
1669:Doklady Earth Sciences
1606:Mineralogical Magazine
1436:Mineralogical Magazine
1222:Mineralogical Magazine
1116:, and in the seals of
1047:(1985, 1988, 1990) at
1039:and limitation of the
989:University of Aberdeen
951:(western flank of the
839:
451:with a poorly defined
267:Vitreous, earthy, dull
1161:geochemical modelling
1060:sedimentary formation
918:geochemical modelling
821:
505:) was named by Sweet
381:Other characteristics
309:Calculated: 2.28 g/cm
113:Strunz classification
2233:Applied Geochemistry
1969:10.1557/PROC-212-395
1910:10.1557/PROC-127-439
1553:Stefan Weiß (2008).
1007:In the frame of the
632:Chemical composition
620:at Moscow (Organova
537:where it was found.
2378:Monoclinic minerals
2245:2002ApGC...17..207S
2192:1999GSLSP.157..195H
2122:1954MinM...30..293M
2075:2007PCE....32..287S
2016:2006WaMan..26..776G
1782:Taylor, Harry F. W.
1760:Taylor, Harry F. W.
1730:Taylor, Harry F. W.
1681:2014DokES.459.1436S
1618:1976MinM...40..887S
1508:2007BRASP..71..635O
1448:1975ClMin..40..113C
1398:1961MinM...32..745S
1243:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
1234:2021MinM...85..291W
1151:at the cement-clay
1072:potassium hydroxide
1021:geologic repository
1009:geological disposal
936:fluids with a high
814:Natural occurrences
545:According to Sweet
123:Dana classification
2348:Aluminium minerals
1828:Taylor, Harry F.W.
1738:. Thomas Telford.
1041:microbial activity
985:Harry F. W. Taylor
840:
314:Optical properties
1745:978-0-7277-2592-9
1568:978-3-921656-70-9
1286:Barthelmy, Dave.
973:concrete strength
574:crystal structure
549:(1961) and Cliff
445:cryptocrystalline
395:
394:
373:Common impurities
358:Relatively strong
214:Cryptocrystalline
2385:
2353:Calcium minerals
2334:
2332:
2330:
2321:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2264:
2227:
2174:
2168:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2141:
2116:(224): 293–305.
2095:
2094:
2069:(1–7): 287–297.
2058:
2052:
2051:
2004:Waste Management
1995:
1989:
1988:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1735:Cement Chemistry
1726:
1717:
1716:
1675:(1): 1436–1441.
1660:
1654:
1653:
1612:(316): 887–890.
1601:
1592:
1591:
1582:
1573:
1572:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1442:(310): 113–126.
1431:
1418:
1417:
1392:(253): 745–753.
1381:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1350:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1312:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1283:
1272:
1271:
1245:
1213:
1197:List of minerals
1104:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1076:sodium hydroxide
884:aluminosilicates
882:) and zeolites (
866:, Isle of Skye,
797:
779:, aluminium and
771:
740:
712:
685:
658:
601:
509:(1961) from the
504:
503:
500:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
431:(C-S-H) mineral
426:
338:
331:= 1.518 – 1.525
323:Refractive index
307:2.33 – 2.36 g/cm
293:Specific gravity
254:
181:
177:
173:
169:
164:
159:
97:
73:
72:(repeating unit)
40:
28:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2338:
2337:
2328:
2326:
2319:
2314:
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2303:
2294:
2285:
2283:
2274:
2271:
2230:
2177:
2161:
2154:
2152:
2144:
2107:
2104:
2102:Further reading
2099:
2098:
2060:
2059:
2055:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1957:MRS Proceedings
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1898:MRS Proceedings
1895:
1894:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1746:
1728:
1727:
1720:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1603:
1602:
1595:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1433:
1432:
1421:
1383:
1382:
1367:
1357:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1285:
1284:
1275:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1169:
1102:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1068:Portland cement
1001:
965:
816:
796:
792:
788:
784:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
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694:
690:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
634:
599:
563:crystal lattice
543:
472:
468:
461:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
384:Non radioactive
337:= 1.530 – 1.537
336:
332:
330:
308:
252:
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167:
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96:
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88:
84:
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70:
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24:
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11:
5:
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2355:
2350:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2312:
2301:webmineral.com
2292:
2270:
2269:External links
2267:
2266:
2265:
2239:(3): 207–223.
2228:
2186:(1): 195–211.
2175:
2142:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2053:
2010:(7): 776–788.
1990:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1931:
1888:
1877:
1865:
1838:(6): 464–467.
1819:
1792:(8): 317–323.
1773:
1751:
1744:
1718:
1655:
1593:
1574:
1567:
1545:
1502:(5): 635–637.
1485:
1419:
1365:
1333:
1304:
1292:webmineral.com
1273:
1228:(3): 291–320.
1207:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1168:
1165:
1088:
1000:
997:
977:cement clinker
964:
961:
949:Hatrurim basin
924:where natural
868:Inner Hebrides
815:
812:
633:
630:
611:intrusive rock
542:
539:
460:
457:
393:
392:
390:
386:
385:
382:
378:
377:
374:
370:
369:
366:
360:
359:
356:
350:
349:
346:
340:
339:
334:
328:
325:
319:
318:
315:
311:
310:
305:
299:
298:
295:
289:
288:
285:
279:
278:
275:
269:
268:
265:
259:
258:
255:
246:
245:
242:
236:
235:
232:
226:
225:
222:
216:
215:
212:
206:
205:
202:
198:
197:
196:2,180.68 g/mol
194:
188:
187:
186:Identification
183:
182:
180:V = 1,586.80 Å
155:
149:
148:
145:
139:
138:
135:
133:Crystal system
129:
128:
125:
119:
118:
115:
109:
108:
105:
99:
98:
74:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
49:
48:
41:
33:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2390:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2325:
2318:
2317:"Tacharanite"
2313:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2282:
2278:
2277:"Tacharanite"
2273:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2166:
2150:
2149:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1935:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1889:
1881:
1878:
1869:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1747:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1549:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1354:
1347:
1346:"Tacharanite"
1340:
1338:
1334:
1322:
1318:
1317:"Tacharanite"
1311:
1309:
1305:
1293:
1289:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1209:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1138:precipitation
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:clay minerals
1123:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1097:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1029:radionuclides
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
998:
996:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
969:"cement glue"
962:
960:
956:
954:
950:
946:
945:clastic dikes
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
914:
912:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
837:
833:
829:
825:
820:
813:
811:
809:
805:
801:
782:
778:
773:
742:
687:
662:
631:
629:
627:
623:
619:
614:
612:
609:
605:
597:
592:
590:
586:
582:
577:
575:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
540:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
502:
466:
458:
456:
454:
453:stoichiometry
450:
446:
440:
438:
434:
430:
403:
399:
391:
387:
383:
379:
376:Fe, Mg, Na, K
375:
371:
367:
365:
361:
357:
355:
351:
347:
345:
344:Birefringence
341:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
306:
304:
300:
296:
294:
290:
286:
284:
280:
276:
274:
270:
266:
264:
260:
256:
251:
247:
243:
241:
237:
233:
231:
227:
224:Perfect {001}
223:
221:
217:
213:
211:
210:Crystal habit
207:
203:
199:
195:
193:
189:
184:
156:
154:
150:
146:
144:
140:
136:
134:
130:
126:
124:
120:
116:
114:
110:
106:
104:
100:
75:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
50:
45:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
2373:Inosilicates
2327:. Retrieved
2323:
2304:. Retrieved
2300:
2295:Webmineral.
2284:. Retrieved
2280:
2236:
2232:
2183:
2179:
2153:. Retrieved
2147:
2113:
2109:
2066:
2062:
2056:
2007:
2003:
1993:
1960:
1956:
1934:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1880:
1868:
1835:
1831:
1822:
1789:
1785:
1776:
1767:
1763:
1754:
1734:
1672:
1668:
1658:
1609:
1605:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1439:
1435:
1389:
1385:
1356:. Retrieved
1352:
1324:. Retrieved
1320:
1295:. Retrieved
1291:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1157:
1044:
1006:
1002:
992:
968:
966:
957:
942:
915:
908:
903:
843:
841:
830:group) from
807:
774:
743:
688:
660:
635:
621:
615:
595:
593:
584:
580:
578:
550:
546:
544:
535:Isle of Skye
522:
514:
506:
465:tă·kherenait
464:
462:
441:
397:
396:
192:Formula mass
25:
2329:27 December
2306:27 December
2286:27 December
2165:cite thesis
2155:26 December
1955:O system".
1358:27 December
1326:27 December
1297:27 December
1185:Tobermorite
1134:dissolution
1107:groundwater
1080:portlandite
967:C-S-H (the
864:Trotternish
856:parent rock
824:phillipsite
555:tobermorite
527:tobermorite
433:tobermorite
398:Tacharanite
297:2.33 – 2.36
287:Translucent
283:Diaphaneity
204:Milky white
158:a = 17.07 Å
143:Space group
31:Tachanarite
2342:Categories
2281:mindat.org
1321:mindat.org
1203:References
1111:backfilled
1074:(KOH) and
1033:solubility
1017:spent fuel
896:thomsonite
888:laumontite
846:(1961) in
571:monoclinic
519:changeling
515:"tacharan"
389:References
364:Fusibility
354:Dispersion
250:Mohs scale
234:Conchoidal
172:β = 114.1°
168:c = 27.9 Å
163:b = 3.65 Å
147:A-centered
137:Monoclinic
103:IMA symbol
2261:0883-2927
2224:129652188
2216:0305-8719
2208:2041-4927
2138:0369-0148
2091:1474-7065
2032:0956-053X
1985:0272-9172
1977:1946-4274
1926:0272-9172
1918:1946-4274
1874:(Report).
1860:0002-7820
1852:1551-2916
1814:0021-8871
1806:1934-998X
1770:: 89–145.
1713:128411979
1705:1028-334X
1697:1531-8354
1642:0026-461X
1634:1471-8022
1590:(Report).
1540:120673718
1532:1062-8738
1524:1934-9432
1480:251027830
1472:0026-461X
1464:1471-8022
1414:0369-0148
1268:235729616
1260:0026-461X
1252:1471-8022
1191:Xonotlite
1163:studies.
1153:interface
1130:bentonite
1096:hydroxide
1025:shotcrete
983:(GGBFS).
930:diffusion
880:xonotlite
870:islands,
832:Palagonia
802:atoms or
459:Etymology
449:amorphous
368:Decompose
153:Unit cell
44:Palagonia
21:Anarakite
2368:Hydrates
2363:Concrete
2275:Mindat.
2040:16574392
1732:(1997).
1650:51731879
1315:Mindat.
1179:Gyrolite
1167:See also
1149:porosity
1142:alkaline
1037:sorption
953:Dead Sea
932:of very
926:alkaline
911:Tasmania
900:analcime
892:mesolite
876:Scotland
872:Highland
848:vesicles
808:tacharan
713:, or as
659:. Cliff
608:dolerite
589:gyrolite
531:gyrolite
437:zeolites
253:hardness
240:Tenacity
230:Fracture
220:Cleavage
127:72.3.2.6
57:Category
2241:Bibcode
2188:Bibcode
2118:Bibcode
2071:Bibcode
2048:6387343
2012:Bibcode
1677:Bibcode
1614:Bibcode
1504:Bibcode
1444:Bibcode
1394:Bibcode
1230:Bibcode
1128:of the
1114:gallery
1094:). The
1064:granite
1053:Harwell
1035:, high
947:of the
860:Portree
854:in the
828:zeolite
781:silicon
777:calcium
723:[Si
626:zeolite
604:olivine
600:(29 mg)
402:mineral
317:Biaxial
303:Density
117:9.HA.75
68:Formula
61:Mineral
52:General
46:, Italy
2358:Cement
2259:
2222:
2214:
2206:
2136:
2089:
2046:
2038:
2030:
1983:
1975:
1924:
1916:
1858:
1850:
1812:
1804:
1742:
1711:
1703:
1695:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1565:
1538:
1530:
1522:
1478:
1470:
1462:
1412:
1266:
1258:
1250:
1122:shafts
1118:drifts
1099:anions
1084:Ca(OH)
1045:et al.
993:et al.
922:Jordan
904:et al.
898:, and
844:et al.
836:Sicily
800:oxygen
661:et al.
622:et al.
596:et al.
585:et al.
581:et al.
579:Cliff
551:et al.
547:et al.
511:Gaelic
507:et al.
348:0.0120
273:Streak
263:Luster
2320:(PDF)
2220:S2CID
2204:eISSN
2044:S2CID
1973:eISSN
1914:eISSN
1848:eISSN
1802:eISSN
1709:S2CID
1693:eISSN
1646:S2CID
1630:eISSN
1557:[
1536:S2CID
1520:eISSN
1476:S2CID
1460:eISSN
1349:(PDF)
1264:S2CID
1248:eISSN
1145:plume
1049:UKAEA
1031:(low
934:basic
735:· 18H
707:· 18H
513:word
277:White
244:Tough
201:Color
176:Z = 1
2331:2022
2308:2022
2288:2022
2257:ISSN
2212:ISSN
2171:link
2157:2022
2134:ISSN
2087:ISSN
2036:PMID
2028:ISSN
1981:ISSN
1947:-SiO
1922:ISSN
1856:ISSN
1810:ISSN
1740:ISBN
1701:ISSN
1638:ISSN
1563:ISBN
1528:ISSN
1468:ISSN
1410:ISSN
1360:2022
1328:2022
1299:2022
1256:ISSN
1136:and
1120:and
1057:clay
1015:and
979:and
852:vein
766:· 3H
762:(OH)
654:(OH)
557:, a
529:and
517:, a
422:(OH)
93:(OH)
2249:doi
2196:doi
2184:157
2126:doi
2079:doi
2020:doi
1965:doi
1961:212
1906:doi
1902:127
1840:doi
1794:doi
1685:doi
1673:459
1622:doi
1512:doi
1452:doi
1402:doi
1238:doi
1062:or
1011:of
874:of
447:or
107:Tch
2344::
2322:.
2299:.
2279:.
2255:.
2247:.
2237:17
2235:.
2218:.
2210:.
2202:.
2194:.
2182:.
2167:}}
2163:{{
2132:.
2124:.
2114:30
2112:.
2085:.
2077:.
2067:32
2065:.
2042:.
2034:.
2026:.
2018:.
2008:26
2006:.
2002:.
1979:.
1971:.
1963:.
1959:.
1951:-H
1920:.
1912:.
1904:.
1900:.
1854:.
1846:.
1836:69
1834:.
1808:.
1800:.
1790:10
1788:.
1766:.
1721:^
1707:.
1699:.
1691:.
1683:.
1671:.
1667:.
1644:.
1636:.
1628:.
1620:.
1610:40
1608:.
1596:^
1577:^
1534:.
1526:.
1518:.
1510:.
1500:71
1498:.
1474:.
1466:.
1458:.
1450:.
1440:40
1438:.
1422:^
1408:.
1400:.
1390:32
1388:.
1368:^
1351:.
1336:^
1319:.
1307:^
1290:.
1276:^
1262:.
1254:.
1246:.
1236:.
1226:85
1224:.
1220:.
1155:.
1103:OH
940:.
938:pH
894:,
890:,
886::
862:,
804:OH
795:18
793:Si
789:Al
787:12
785:Ca
760:15
756:18
754:Si
750:Al
748:12
746:Ca
729:17
719:Al
717:12
715:Ca
705:51
701:18
699:Si
695:Al
693:12
691:Ca
683:36
679:69
675:18
673:Si
669:Al
667:12
665:Ca
656:36
652:33
648:18
646:Si
642:Al
640:12
638:Ca
613:.
576:.
521:,
495:aɪ
489:ɑː
483:ɑː
477:ɑː
467::
424:36
420:33
416:18
414:Si
410:Al
408:12
406:Ca
95:36
91:33
87:18
85:Si
81:Al
79:12
77:Ca
2333:.
2310:.
2290:.
2263:.
2251::
2243::
2226:.
2198::
2190::
2173:)
2159:.
2140:.
2128::
2120::
2093:.
2081::
2073::
2050:.
2022::
2014::
1987:.
1967::
1953:2
1949:2
1945:3
1943:O
1941:2
1928:.
1908::
1862:.
1842::
1816:.
1796::
1768:1
1748:.
1715:.
1687::
1679::
1652:.
1624::
1616::
1571:.
1542:.
1514::
1506::
1482:.
1454::
1446::
1416:.
1404::
1396::
1362:.
1330:.
1301:.
1270:.
1240::
1232::
1101:(
1089:2
1082:(
1051:(
791:2
770:O
768:2
764:2
758:O
752:2
739:O
737:2
733:3
731:]
727:O
725:6
721:2
711:O
709:2
703:O
697:2
681:H
677:O
671:2
650:O
644:2
606:-
501:/
498:t
492:n
486:r
480:k
474:t
471:/
418:O
412:2
335:γ
333:n
329:α
327:n
257:5
165:,
160:,
89:O
83:2
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
