314:
902:"A paragraph is a self-contained unit of a discourse in writing dealing with a particular point or idea, or the words of an author. The start of a paragraph is indicated by beginning on a new line and ending without running to the next passage. Sometimes the first line is indented, and sometimes it is indented without beginning a new line. At various times the beginning of a paragraph has been indicated by the pilcrow mark: ¶ "
246:
225:
830:
direct attention to some part of the text ; (b) a character similar to (a), but placed in the text itself ; (c) the division of discourse introduced by a paragraph mark or by indentation, and extending to the next paragraph mark or the next indentation ; (d) the rhetorical paragraph, that is, (c) developed to a structural unit capable of organic internal arrangement."
194:
335:
1009:
understand that for the purpose of setting a standard use for a paragraph people may want offer a set of generalised rules(generally, or most often accurate descriptions), but the rules are just this - generalised. I suspect that this is quite a difficult topic to produce a set of definitions or terms that will please everyone. Best
1162:
I'm writing a book, and I plan to publish it someday. Now, I read on the internet that before you publish the book, you have to convert it to something else. (I forgot the name, but you go to a certain site and it does it for you.), then print it. Well, does this formatting thing automatically indent
1096:
Although an
American in my 60's, I've never indented the first paragraph in a section; for the section mark (a blank line) will almost always be followed by a paragraph. This should be in American stye manuals. Also, though five space indentations were used with double-spaced typescript, and carried
976:
Do other languages have the same conventions for what makes up a paragraph? In other words, are paragraphs a form of organization determined by
English convention, or are they an expression of the universal way the human mind organizes information? A section on the history of paragraphs, as suggested
501:
Published books, especially novels and prose fiction, use a typographic device to separate certain paragraphs further where there is a narrative break or change of scene. Extra vertical space is added, typically containing an asterisk, three asterisks, a special stylistic dingbat, or a special symbol
492:
Thanks
Hippietrail. Essentially yes, most published books (novels and prose fiction in particular) use asterisms to indicate a narrative break or change of scene. The only quibble I have is with the phrase "most". Its a bit weasley, and would be better off as simply "published books use...". Here's a
1274:
There were other ways to accomplish the same thing, though. Recipes are exactly the sort of self-contained units that need to be separated, so careful writers ended them with a conventional phrase -- perhaps a "micro-colophon" -- such as "and it comes out excellently, God willing" or "eat it in good
908:
A little background. I was discussing an email from a coworker and referred to the second paragraph. In this case I used a blank line to delineate the paragraphs. My coworker immediately went to what I considered the third sentence of the first paragraph. The previous sentence ended at the right
541:
Thanks for your comments Arbo. In fact I just found the term yesterday via Google and
Knowledge (XXG) after wondering for years what the things are. I'm still fuzzy on whether "asterism" refers to a) the symbol, b) the extra space separating some paragraphs, c) the sections or subchapters formed by
545:
I had a quick look in a few novels lying about in various languages. My French Harry Potter uses blank lines with no symbol, no doubt in the same places as the
English original. Doesn't indicate whether these are used in native French titles. Of 3 Spanish books, 2 never use an extra blank line or
829:
I believe that the below not only should help with the history, but also address the global context of the word (in
English, paragraph has been narrowly defined by grade school writing assignments). "Historically considered, the word paragraph means (a) a marginal character or note employed to
938:
I edited the "Structure" paragraph (at 10:50 on 11/30/07), but I wasn't logged in at the time (darn cookies). I corrected what amounted to a combination of prescriptivism and contradictory redundancy (note this is not a criticism of the editors who have worked on this page; it's natural for a
542:
such, d) the practice of doing this, e) is there a special term when extra division occurs at a page boundary, f) if a special symbol is only used when the division occurs at a page boundary will this be called an asterism whereas those division mid-page will go by some other term or no term.
1008:
Hi all, is it quite right to state that a paragraph is generally between three to seven sentences? If you read some of the work produced in the New
Journalism/Beatnick style of 60's and 70's america (Kerouac, H.S. Thompson, W. Borroughs), you would find that such rules often do not apply. I
1307:
Hello, I was just browsing and noticed that citation #2 ("A paragraph consists of one or more sentences.") now leads to a 404 page. I figure someone who monitors or edits this wiki entry and/or has better knowledge of
Knowledge (XXG)'s citation rules can take care of it. :)
515:
I appreciate the addition and value it, but the problem we're now facing is the
Paragraph article is drifting into typography. Same applies to the section on HTML paragraphs---that's a technical typesetting thing, not literary, and also belongs in Typesetting or
1287:
If anyone can track down reliable sources for these claims, that would help fill out this article. We might also have some luck looking at machine translations of
Knowledge (XXG) articles in other languages, or at primary documents for good examples. --
1120:
One detail (presently needing a citation) states that indented paragraphs, rather than blocked, are preferred in almost all genres. It seems to be a bit of an oversight not to note that almost all electronic media prefer block paragraphs.
619:"Section" was my first guess but I didn't know if that term also has its own specific definition in publishing which might be different. So a "section break" has the same name and function whether or not it contains an asterism right? —
700:
and post on the General Discussions forum. Ask for book typographers to answer the question, as graphic designers, typographers working in graphic design and typeface designers aren't neccessarily experts on this (some are, some are
909:
margin and the new sentence/paragraph started at the left margin. My coworkers position was that a new line was used. I however, cannot see any positive indication that this is simply not a continuation of the paragraph.
777:
There's nothing about history in this article. When was the paragraph invented, and by whom? I seem to recall it was invented rather late... I looked at this article to find out more and was disappointed to find nothing.
1124:
I'm inserting the word "print" to distinguish, but I don't think that solves the entirety of the problem. Really, there should be another section on electronic media to explain this difference of style between the media.
546:
symbol anywhere, the 3rd does use them and uses a custom symbol whether at page-end or mid-page. There seem to be many variations and I do not know if any have peculiar names in the publishing or printing jargon etc. —
1116:
An oddity, but the section "Indenting" seems to refer only to print media, which is misleading, because it isn't indicated. The information that follows applies only to print media and includes some unusual cases.
156:
560:
define an asterism as the typographic symbol----the three asterisks. The white space and text before and after the asterism doesn't have a special name, and I've never heard of names for special cases (e) +
296:
1182:
What are “keyboarders” and “typists”? "Keyboarder" sounds like slang to me. What's the significance of mentioning them? These terms need more explanation, or replacement with more meaningful words.
434:
482:
Since I see no mention in the article yet, I'm going to add what I've been able to learn about asterisms to separate paragraphs. My knowledge is very shallow so I hope people will correct it. —
510:
Your conditional "especially when co-ocurring at a page break" complicates the description, and is an optional detail readers can pursue in either Typography or Typesetting, if we put it there.
745:
That's fine. I can't discuss the other terms on their own pages until I know what the other terms are. We can ramble in the talk page but not in the article (-: Thanks for your help. —
1097:
over to word processed text, three spaces are more common. Rarely, people indent to make a clear space the shape of a square or the shape of a capital H in the paragraph font.
529:
On second thought maybe your Asterisms bit does belong in Paragraph. Leave it in (it can't hurt too much for the moment), update it with my cleaned-up version or your own.
788:
Me too! When was the paragraph invented? By whom is probably not known, but there probably was some first occurrence of paragraphs in western hand printing. ... said:
1216:
use to be several kinds of jobs when typewriters were still primarily used. The term is still often used for certain jobs despite typewriters no longer being used. —
350:
interested in improving Knowledge (XXG)'s coverage of content related to the fields of rhetoric, composition, technical communication, literacy, and language studies.
150:
939:
paragraph that's been worked on by dozens of people to develop eccentricities). If anyone has any comments or would like to discuss I'd be happy to hear from you.
915:
I cannot make a recommendation as to how to clarify this intro paragraph but would like to be able to look at the article and get the clarification we needed. --
1239:
82:
1336:
286:
899:
Turning to Knowledge (XXG) to settle a question about paragraphs, we are unable to reach a concensus. Copied below is the first paragraph of the article
381:
1346:
371:
262:
88:
566:
Technically a break with no asterism symbol is not an asterism. Book typographers refer to that treatment as simply a "break" or "section break".
730:
This is drifting further into typography. If we add specific details about asterisms we're really talking about the typography of asterisms :^)
415:
enuff not to be a stub any more? Some of the ideas need rephrasing to make them clearer. Paraphrasing will make the narrative more convincing.
453:"ORIGIN French paragraphe, from Greek paragraphos ‘short stroke marking a break in sense’." from Oxford dictionary. Is Wiki or Oxon correct?
1351:
1331:
33:
993:
978:
460:
438:
253:
230:
1309:
1164:
1035:
102:
1341:
841:
47:
107:
23:
1163:
it for you? Or do I have to indent it myself? Also, on OpenOffice, is Default formatting okay to use? Or should I use text body?
342:
319:
77:
635:
There is a second, commonly used kind of asterism----a manual asterism, consisting of three asterisks spaced apart on one line.
573:
So is a break containing the symbol also an asterism? Your wording above makes it seem so but the defs make it seem otherwise.
205:
1059:
68:
421:
More examples of paragraphs in action please. Edgar Allen Poe regularly wrote paragraphs that ran for more than one page.
1223:
171:
905:
One issue is what is a new line? Another is we are unclear as to what "ending without running to the next passage".
912:
So what is a new line defined as. Also what is "indented without beginning a new line"? What does this look like.
138:
334:
313:
579:
Just the symbol is the asterism. A break without the symbol is not an asterism, just a break or section break.----
112:
1055:
1102:
1132:
347:
211:
997:
982:
696:
To find out the names of the many variations (if they do have names) in publishing or printing jargon, visit
464:
1313:
1217:
1031:
845:
837:
831:
456:
132:
1187:
1168:
1039:
418:
As it stands its disjointed and lacking direction and focus. From an mature person's POV it's salad days.
1128:
58:
1081:
261:
on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
73:
128:
1183:
733:
721:
608:
580:
532:
519:
424:
193:
1098:
962:
916:
164:
178:
1014:
866:
759:
54:
954:
1293:
1269:
Classical Arabic didn't have paragraphs, but modern does, starting in the 1900s; one writes:
1247:
1202:
1147:
1077:
940:
926:
880:
817:
793:
746:
709:
684:
620:
598:
547:
483:
860:"In XHTML, the p element marks a block of text as a paragraph - the opening tag <p: -->
992:
This "short sentences, and 3-7 of them per paragraph" thingy is particularly English. --
1069:
958:
779:
144:
708:
Thanks. I've created an account. Now I just need to find where to post my question. —
1325:
1010:
862:
marks the end of a paragraph. The paragraph consists of at least three sentences."
607:
100% correct. Not an annoying question at all :^) Feel free to ask more questions.
597:
a symbol is also not an asterism, only the symbol itself is an asterism. Right? —
1262:
1054:...redirects to this article, yet no such term is to be found in this article. --
1289:
1243:
1198:
1143:
1073:
876:
813:
789:
895:
What is order of importance in logical order?? need it for homework...hehe...
763:
557:
258:
245:
224:
27:
589:
Let me just make this 100% clear since there is still ambiguity: a break
832:
http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924026640247/cu31924026640247_djvu.txt
257:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of articles related to
1213:
683:
Yes I tried to cover this when I said "..., three asterisks, ...". —
861:
marks the beginning of a paragraph, and the closing tag </p: -->
413:"A paragraph is 4-5 sentences that are all about the same thing."
1317:
1297:
1251:
1227:
1206:
1191:
1172:
1151:
1136:
1106:
1085:
1063:
1043:
1018:
1001:
986:
966:
943:
919:
884:
869:
849:
821:
803:
782:
766:
749:
736:
724:
712:
687:
623:
611:
601:
583:
550:
535:
522:
486:
468:
442:
427:
1028:
Could s.o. add a paragraph on "use in law". (pun intended :-)
187:
18:
697:
163:
949:
Insufficient documentation (lack of source citations)
177:
1280:Korean and Japanese started out without paragraphs
36:for general discussion of the article's subject.
8:
1240:The History of the Modern English Paragraph
1112:Block paragraphs only for business letters?
977:above, might also help answer my question.
1283:Chinese has had paragraphs for a long time
1238:There's almost certainly more to add from
308:
219:
593:a symbol is not an asterism, but a break
556:The OED (Oxford English Dictionary) and
435:2600:1700:16E0:2020:E1D8:AF3B:223B:E1CF
310:
221:
191:
1072:has since been changed to redirect to
271:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Typography
1178:What are “keyboarders” and “typists”?
7:
865:What is this about three sentences?
340:This article is within the scope of
251:This article is within the scope of
1337:High-importance Typography articles
356:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Writing
210:It is of interest to the following
26:for discussing improvements to the
834:(posted by a lazy ex-Wikipedian)
14:
53:New to Knowledge (XXG)? Welcome!
333:
312:
244:
223:
192:
48:Click here to start a new topic.
1347:Low-importance Writing articles
376:This article has been rated as
291:This article has been rated as
274:Template:WikiProject Typography
920:18:58, 24 September 2007 (UTC)
1:
1092:American Indentation Practice
967:12:12, 17 December 2008 (UTC)
804:16:01, 5 September 2009 (UTC)
750:17:50, 27 December 2005 (UTC)
737:09:02, 27 December 2005 (UTC)
725:04:04, 28 December 2005 (UTC)
713:17:50, 27 December 2005 (UTC)
688:17:50, 27 December 2005 (UTC)
624:17:50, 27 December 2005 (UTC)
612:09:03, 29 December 2005 (UTC)
602:18:48, 28 December 2005 (UTC)
584:04:04, 28 December 2005 (UTC)
551:00:01, 27 December 2005 (UTC)
536:18:03, 26 December 2005 (UTC)
523:17:52, 26 December 2005 (UTC)
487:16:43, 26 December 2005 (UTC)
428:21:17, 22 December 2005 (UTC)
265:and see a list of open tasks.
45:Put new text under old text.
1352:WikiProject Writing articles
1318:19:04, 9 November 2013 (UTC)
1137:17:32, 10 January 2011 (UTC)
1064:07:42, 8 November 2009 (UTC)
944:03:53, 1 December 2007 (UTC)
850:15:26, 3 December 2013 (UTC)
783:02:51, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
767:02:48, 4 November 2010 (UTC)
359:Template:WikiProject Writing
1332:C-Class Typography articles
1228:15:19, 5 October 2022 (UTC)
1086:15:27, 12 August 2010 (UTC)
1044:05:56, 15 August 2009 (UTC)
1019:13:41, 5 October 2009 (UTC)
760:sections and section breaks
758:I've started an article on
1368:
1192:09:00, 18 April 2013 (UTC)
1107:21:36, 4 August 2010 (UTC)
1002:01:08, 11 April 2009 (UTC)
382:project's importance scale
1173:20:45, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
987:05:17, 3 March 2009 (UTC)
469:11:09, 28 July 2008 (UTC)
375:
328:
290:
239:
218:
83:Be welcoming to newcomers
1342:C-Class Writing articles
1298:22:29, 4 June 2013 (UTC)
1252:22:10, 4 June 2013 (UTC)
1207:21:37, 4 June 2013 (UTC)
1152:22:37, 4 June 2013 (UTC)
885:22:26, 4 June 2013 (UTC)
870:13:33, 5 June 2007 (UTC)
822:22:17, 4 June 2013 (UTC)
720:General Discussions ----
698:http://www.typophile.com
443:18:54, 31 May 2023 (UTC)
1277:
925:You might want to see
812:Since added a ton. --
631:Not quite. See above.
254:WikiProject Typography
200:This article is rated
78:avoid personal attacks
1272:
502:known as an asterism.
204:on Knowledge (XXG)'s
103:Neutral point of view
1265:seem to think that:
1142:Since rewritten. --
953:See templates. See
108:No original research
891:order of importance
658:* * *
343:WikiProject Writing
277:Typography articles
1257:In other languages
206:content assessment
89:dispute resolution
50:
1034:comment added by
840:comment added by
471:
459:comment added by
396:
395:
392:
391:
388:
387:
307:
306:
303:
302:
186:
185:
69:Assume good faith
46:
1359:
1303:Invalid Citation
1220:
1046:
972:Other languages?
927:Inverted pyramid
852:
799:
503:
454:
410:
409:
405:
364:
363:
362:Writing articles
360:
357:
354:
337:
330:
329:
324:
316:
309:
297:importance scale
279:
278:
275:
272:
269:
248:
241:
240:
235:
227:
220:
203:
197:
196:
188:
182:
181:
167:
98:Article policies
19:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1322:
1321:
1305:
1259:
1236:
1218:
1180:
1160:
1114:
1094:
1052:
1029:
1026:
974:
951:
936:
893:
858:
835:
795:
775:
500:
480:
451:
411:
407:
403:
401:
400:
361:
358:
355:
352:
351:
322:
293:High-importance
276:
273:
270:
267:
266:
234:High‑importance
233:
201:
124:
119:
118:
117:
94:
64:
12:
11:
5:
1365:
1363:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1324:
1323:
1304:
1301:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1271:
1270:
1258:
1255:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1210:
1209:
1179:
1176:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1129:Dirk Mcbratney
1113:
1110:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1070:Hanging indent
1051:
1050:Hanging indent
1048:
1025:
1022:
1007:
1005:
1004:
973:
970:
950:
947:
935:
932:
931:
930:
898:
892:
889:
888:
887:
857:
854:
827:
826:
825:
824:
807:
806:
774:
771:
770:
769:
755:
754:
753:
752:
740:
739:
731:
718:
717:
716:
715:
703:
702:
693:
692:
691:
690:
678:
677:
676:
675:
674:
673:
672:
671:
670:
669:
668:
667:
666:
665:
664:
663:
662:
661:
660:
659:
637:
636:
629:
628:
627:
626:
605:
604:
577:
576:
575:
574:
568:
567:
563:
562:
539:
538:
530:
526:
525:
517:
512:
511:
507:
506:
505:
504:
495:
494:
493:quick rewrite:
479:
476:
474:
450:
447:
446:
445:
414:
399:
397:
394:
393:
390:
389:
386:
385:
378:Low-importance
374:
368:
367:
365:
338:
326:
325:
323:Low‑importance
317:
305:
304:
301:
300:
289:
283:
282:
280:
263:the discussion
249:
237:
236:
228:
216:
215:
209:
198:
184:
183:
121:
120:
116:
115:
110:
105:
96:
95:
93:
92:
85:
80:
71:
65:
63:
62:
51:
42:
41:
38:
37:
31:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1364:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1003:
999:
995:
994:141.3.167.120
991:
990:
989:
988:
984:
980:
979:138.78.98.196
971:
969:
968:
964:
960:
956:
948:
946:
945:
942:
933:
928:
924:
923:
922:
921:
918:
913:
910:
906:
903:
900:
896:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
873:
872:
871:
868:
863:
855:
853:
851:
847:
843:
839:
833:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:
809:
808:
805:
801:
800:
798:
791:
787:
786:
785:
784:
781:
772:
768:
765:
761:
757:
756:
751:
748:
744:
743:
742:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
728:
727:
726:
723:
714:
711:
707:
706:
705:
704:
699:
695:
694:
689:
686:
682:
681:
680:
679:
657:
656:
655:
654:
653:
652:
651:
650:
649:
648:
647:
646:
645:
644:
643:
642:
641:
640:
639:
638:
634:
633:
632:
625:
622:
618:
617:
616:
615:
614:
613:
610:
603:
600:
596:
592:
588:
587:
586:
585:
582:
572:
571:
570:
569:
565:
564:
559:
555:
554:
553:
552:
549:
543:
537:
534:
531:
528:
527:
524:
521:
518:
514:
513:
509:
508:
499:
498:
497:
496:
491:
490:
489:
488:
485:
478:Asterisms etc
477:
475:
472:
470:
466:
462:
461:78.151.177.15
458:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:
430:
429:
426:
422:
419:
416:
406:
398:
383:
379:
373:
370:
369:
366:
349:
345:
344:
339:
336:
332:
331:
327:
321:
318:
315:
311:
298:
294:
288:
285:
284:
281:
264:
260:
256:
255:
250:
247:
243:
242:
238:
232:
229:
226:
222:
217:
213:
207:
199:
195:
190:
189:
180:
176:
173:
170:
166:
162:
158:
155:
152:
149:
146:
143:
140:
137:
134:
130:
127:
126:Find sources:
123:
122:
114:
113:Verifiability
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
100:
99:
90:
86:
84:
81:
79:
75:
72:
70:
67:
66:
60:
56:
55:Learn to edit
52:
49:
44:
43:
40:
39:
35:
29:
25:
21:
20:
17:
1310:35.40.189.42
1306:
1286:
1273:
1260:
1237:
1181:
1165:24.179.27.28
1161:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1095:
1056:Jerome Potts
1053:
1036:71.236.26.74
1027:
1006:
975:
952:
937:
914:
911:
907:
904:
901:
897:
894:
875:Removed! --
867:Krum Stanoev
864:
859:
836:— Preceding
828:
796:
794:
776:
719:
630:
606:
594:
590:
578:
544:
540:
481:
473:
452:
423:
420:
417:
412:
377:
341:
292:
252:
212:WikiProjects
174:
168:
160:
153:
147:
141:
135:
125:
97:
22:This is the
15:
1263:this thread
1234:Good source
1158:Question...
1078:PrimeHunter
1074:Indentation
1030:—Preceding
941:Richardpaez
934:"Structure"
842:63.76.53.42
747:Hippietrail
710:Hippietrail
685:Hippietrail
621:Hippietrail
599:Hippietrail
548:Hippietrail
516:Typography.
484:Hippietrail
455:—Preceding
348:WikiProject
151:free images
34:not a forum
1326:Categories
1219:al-Shimoni
1184:Chris Page
1024:Use in law
558:Bringhurst
268:Typography
259:Typography
231:Typography
1261:Folks in
1197:Done. --
1099:Geologist
959:NYScholar
780:John Baez
449:Etymology
91:if needed
74:Be polite
28:Paragraph
24:talk page
16:Headache
1275:health."
1032:unsigned
917:Stan5184
838:unsigned
773:History?
457:unsigned
59:get help
32:This is
30:article.
1011:Darigan
955:WP:CITE
591:without
380:on the
353:Writing
320:Writing
295:on the
202:C-class
157:WP refs
145:scholar
1290:Beland
1244:Beland
1214:Typist
1199:Beland
1144:Beland
877:Beland
814:Beland
790:Rursus
402:": -->
208:scale.
129:Google
1242:. --
957:. --
856:XHTML
797:bork³
764:Pengo
701:not).
425:James
172:JSTOR
133:books
87:Seek
1314:talk
1294:talk
1248:talk
1224:talk
1203:talk
1188:talk
1169:talk
1148:talk
1133:talk
1103:talk
1082:talk
1060:talk
1040:talk
1015:talk
998:talk
983:talk
963:talk
881:talk
846:talk
818:talk
734:Arbo
722:Arbo
609:Arbo
595:with
581:Arbo
561:(f).
533:Arbo
520:Arbo
465:talk
439:talk
404:edit
346:, a
287:High
165:FENS
139:news
76:and
762:. —
433:Hi
372:Low
179:TWL
1328::
1316:)
1296:)
1250:)
1226:)
1205:)
1190:)
1171:)
1150:)
1135:)
1105:)
1084:)
1076:.
1062:)
1042:)
1017:)
1000:)
985:)
965:)
883:)
848:)
820:)
802:)
467:)
441:)
159:)
57:;
1312:(
1292:(
1246:(
1222:(
1201:(
1186:(
1167:(
1146:(
1131:(
1101:(
1080:(
1058:(
1038:(
1013:(
996:(
981:(
961:(
929:.
879:(
844:(
816:(
792:(
463:(
437:(
408:]
384:.
299:.
214::
175:·
169:·
161:·
154:·
148:·
142:·
136:·
131:(
61:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
