29:
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37:
271:
799:
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92:
187:—was not popular with its target market, leaving tailors with piles of unsold clothing which, to recoup losses, were sold cheaply to menswear shops elsewhere in London. While there had been some affluent adoption—"an extravagant upper-class snub to the post-war Labour Government and its message of austerity"—it was predominantly suburban working-class youth who adopted and adapted the look ("
813:
104:
472:
427:
The Teddy Girls' choices of clothes were not intended strictly for aesthetic effect; these girls were collectively rejecting post-war austerity. They were young working-class women from the poorer districts of London. They would typically leave school at the age of 14 or 15 and work in factories or
246:
community. According to reports released decades after the riots, "Teddy boys armed with iron bars, butcher's knives and weighted leather belts" participated in mobs "300- to 400-strong" that targeted black residents, in one night alone leaving "five black men lying unconscious on the pavements of
178:
continued to affect the fashion industry until it ended in 1949 and men's tailors in central London devised a style based on
Edwardian clothing hoping to sell to young officers being demobilized from the services. However, the style—featuring tapered trousers, long jackets similar to post-war
432:. Their style originated from a head-turning, fastidious style from the fashion houses, which had launched haute-couture clothing lines recalling the Edwardian era. "It was our fashion and we made it up," declared one "Judie", succinctly writing the mantra of the Teddy Girl ethos.
445:
photographs titled "Teddy Girls". Russell noted that the female counterpart of the Teddy Boy subculture was overlooked, saying: "No one paid much attention to the teddy girls before I did them, though there was plenty on teddy boys."
1743:
234:
cinema, south London in 1956, the teenage Teddy boy audience began to riot, tearing up seats and dancing in the cinema's aisles. After that, other riots took place around the country where the film was shown.
1832:
191:" and cosh boy associations also hastened its middle-class rejection) and, around 1952, what became the "Teddy Boy" style began to emerge, gradually spreading across Britain. The 1953 film
1611:
1687:
683:
hairstyles in addition to long sideburns, and they added hairspray to grease/pomade to style their hair. In the late 1970s, the new generation became the enemies of the
Westwood and
1029:
The opening sentences of chapter 4 include: "But first the
Territorials dropped out. The strain of being referred to on the music-hall stage as Teddy-boys was too much for them."
691:. In the spring of 1977, street battles between young punks and ageing teds happened on London's King's Road, where the earliest new-wave shops, including Westwood and McLaren's
1996:
1810:
238:
Some Teds formed gangs and gained notoriety following violent clashes with rival youth gangs as well as unprovoked attacks on immigrants. The most notable clashes were the
1735:
522:. Although this was not a rock and roll record, it was widely taken on by the Teddy Boys of the time. From 1955, rock and roll was adopted by the Teddy Boys when the film
1165:
1986:
1664:
709:
In the late 1980s, there was a move by a number of Teddy Boys to revive the 1950s Teddy Boy style. In the early 1990s, a group of Teddy Boy revivalists in the
1449:
2001:
937:
1341:
1401:
1051:
1840:
671:. The new generation of Teds adopted some aspects of the 1950s but with a large glam rock influence, including louder colours for drape jackets,
624:, plus UK-based support acts), the music enjoyed a renewed period of popularity. Musical momentum was maintained by the release of films such as
1601:
717:
formed "The
Edwardian Drape Society" (T.E.D.S.). The group concentrated on reclaiming the style which they felt had become bastardised by pop/
1679:
1423:
1084:
224:, Teddy Boys were the first youth group in Britain to differentiate themselves as teenagers, helping create a youth market. The 1955 US film
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1966:
1961:
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518:. The song "The Creep" came out in 1953 and was written and recorded for HMV by Yorkshire-born big band leader and saxophonist
175:
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at the rear. Another style was the "Boston", in which the hair was greased straight back and cut square across at the nape.
1858:
209:, makes an early reference to the style when the character, Roy (James Kenny), speaks the words " drape...the latest cut".
601:
154:
1976:
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28:
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1736:"Vintage Photographs of Hippies and Teds Gathered at Wembley Stadium for a Rock 'n' Roll Revival Show in 1972"
36:
1668:(Motion Picture). Grove Street Pictures and Spitfire Pictures. October 2011. Event occurs at 9 minutes in.
1956:
1951:
1946:
1936:
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330:, often exposing the socks. The outfit also included a high-necked loose-collared white shirt (known as a
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804:
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542:
531:
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1991:
1981:
1971:
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emulated the Teddy Boy style in the early formation of the band. Original
British rock stars such as
860:
831:
231:
153:. Nevertheless, the term had previously been used in Edwardian England to refer to members of the
1187:
562:
376:
or beetle crushers). Preferred hairstyles included long, strongly moulded greased-up hair with a
287:
115:
in the early 1950s, and rapidly spread across the UK, becoming strongly associated with
American
1833:"CEN Lifestyle : Stage and Screen : Things to see at the 26th Cambridge Film Festival"
593:
326:), usually in dark shades, sometimes with a velvet trim collar and pocket flaps, and high-waist
270:
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514:, a slow shuffle that was so popular with Teddy Boys that it led to their other nickname,
373:
242:, in which Teddy Boys were present in large numbers and were implicated in attacks on the
164:
96:
1156:"After 44 years secret papers reveal truth about five nights of violence in Notting Hill"
1633:
964:
Girl Gangs, Biker Boys, and Real Cool Cats: Pulp
Fiction and Youth Culture, 1950 to 1980
400:, long plaits, rolled-up jeans, flat shoes, tailored jackets with velvet collars, straw
1910:. Includes photos of the Teddy Boy style and subculture from 1950 through present day.
848:
668:
609:
519:
339:
327:
53:
1913:
581:
also moved to the latest of rock and roll, such as beat music during the early 1960s.
1930:
722:
653:
554:
535:
527:
526:
was first shown in UK cinemas, and Teddy Boys started listening to artists including
491:
412:
and long, elegant clutch bags. Later, they adopted the
American fashions of toreador
381:
206:
202:
141:
116:
60:
778:
The Teddy Boy subculture of the late 1950s is depicted in the stylised neo-western,
91:
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818:
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558:
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397:
393:
323:
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120:
80:
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music, prior to the advent of that genre, Teddy Boys also listened and danced to
111:
A mainly
British phenomenon, the Teddy Boy subculture started among teenagers in
1854:
702:
684:
617:
574:
550:
436:
405:
365:
361:
695:(which were by then no longer selling zoot suits and ted gear), were situated.
1879:
1680:"Chuck Berry and Little Richard Headline the London Rock & Roll Show 1972"
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726:
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578:
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479:
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417:
409:
299:
283:
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168:
159:
76:
1855:"BBC News : World Service : Education : The droogs don't work"
1461:
1371:
1094:
907:
679:, jeans and big-buckled belts. The 1970s Teddy Boys often sported flamboyant
659:
Concurrently, a resurgence of interest in Teddy Boy fashions was promoted by
718:
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637:
350:
303:
279:
243:
217:
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184:
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103:
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offices. Teddy Girls spent much of their free time buying or making their
865:
740:
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421:
413:
343:
275:
193:
854:
826:
641:
507:
450:
347:
311:
212:
Although there had been youth groups with their own dress codes called
1579:(19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 340.
775:, a group of teddy boys is interviewed about their rivalry with punks.
471:
1553:
483:
401:
354:
112:
1907:
1602:"Observer picture archive: teddy boys and teddy girls, 19 June 1955"
486:
shawl collar jackets associated with the rockabilly subculture, 1956
247:
Notting Hill." Teds were also implicated in the clashes of the 1958
1136:
871:
1428:
The HeART of
History: The way to History is always through the Art
697:
588:
470:
377:
369:
269:
102:
90:
68:
35:
27:
1188:"St Ann's riot: The changing face of race relations, 60 years on"
503:
335:
291:
188:
738:
Early 1950s London gang culture was portrayed in the 1953 film
357:-made at great expense, and paid through weekly installments.
992:
Death on the Beat: Police Officers Killed in the Line of Duty
67:
music, wearing clothes partly inspired by the styles worn by
258:
The violent lifestyle was sensationalised in the pulp novel
874:, a similar subculture in Finland (Finnish Knowledge (XXG))
230:
marked a watershed in the United Kingdom. When shown in an
79:
tailors had attempted to re-introduce in Britain after the
510:
music. A well-known dance that the Teddy Boys adopted was
19:
This article is about the subculture. For other uses, see
1364:"Bombsite Boudiccas – History of the London Teddy Girls"
608:
in August 1972 (featuring American performers including
59:
of the early 1950s to mid-1960s who were interested in
851:
subculture said to predate and overlap with Teddy Boys
565:
became popular with the Teddy Boy culture, as did the
274:
Examples of Teddy Boy clothing worn by Ray Stiles and
930:"The Edwardian Teddy Boy - British Teddy Boy History"
392:
Teddy Girls (also called Judies) wore drape jackets,
962:
McIntyre, Iain; Nette, Andrew; Doyle, Peter (2017).
262:
by Ernest Ryman, first published in the UK in 1958.
834:, a similar subculture in Australia and New Zealand
123:, male youths in delinquent gangs who had adopted
32:Teddy boys playing music at the Queens Hotel, 1977
1914:An account of being a Teddy Girl in 1950s London
957:
955:
380:at the front and the side combed back to form a
1076:Gangs of Manchester: The Story of the Scuttlers
900:"History of the British Teddy Boy and Culture"
1801:"Teddy-boy style is back: it never went away"
1665:George Harrison: Living in the Material World
1450:"Ken Russell's post-war London – in pictures"
675:, and socks and shiny satin shirts worn with
8:
667:through their shop Let it Rock, on London's
167:in 1909). This was a reference to the king,
1997:Working-class culture in the United Kingdom
1763:
1761:
1108:Gelder, Ken; Thornton, Sarah, eds. (1997).
894:
892:
890:
888:
840:, a similar subculture in the United States
490:Although Teddy Boys became associated with
360:Favoured footwear included highly polished
1711:"Chuck wrote history of rock'n'roll music"
1037:
1035:
747:T.E.D.S. was the subject of a short film,
758:Teddies inspired the gang of "droogs" in
596:wearing electric blue drape jacket, 1970s
107:Bolo tie featuring Native American design
40:Teddy boys walking on a busy street, 1977
1141:Doshisha Studies in Language and Culture
1484:"Teddy Girls for Oyster Mag by Liz Ham"
985:
983:
884:
868:, a similar subculture in Soviet Russia
1768:Westwood, Vivienne (18 October 2013).
1424:"Teddy Girls: The Tailored Subculture"
541:Although not as big as the Americans,
453:titled "Teddy Girls" was published by
342:); a narrow "Slim Jim" tie or western
286:: drape jackets, brothel creepers and
1861:from the original on 28 December 2019
1404:from the original on 11 December 2017
1314:from the original on 6 September 2013
771:In one scene in the 1977 documentary
569:scene in the early 60s. The Beatles'
334:collar, because it was often worn by
16:Members of a British youth subculture
7:
1987:Social history of the United Kingdom
1224:from the original on 5 February 2020
1198:from the original on 9 December 2020
1042:Mitchell, Mitch (19 February 2019).
145:newspaper report headline shortened
139:was coined when a 23 September 1953
2002:Youth culture in the United Kingdom
1780:from the original on 5 January 2020
1746:from the original on 7 October 2019
1690:from the original on 6 October 2019
1344:from the original on 18 August 2013
1044:"A brief history of the Teddy Boys"
1880:Teddy Boys In A London Club (1977)
1600:Whitmore, Greg (17 October 2018).
1218:"Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep"
1015:Ferris, Ray; Lord, Julian (2012).
656:topping the pop charts from 1973.
14:
1813:from the original on 4 April 2020
1709:Harrison, Gerry (20 March 2017).
1644:from the original on 4 April 2020
1614:from the original on 4 April 2020
1526:from the original on 6 April 2020
1494:from the original on 4 April 2020
1254:from the original on 4 April 2020
1168:from the original on 4 April 2020
1054:from the original on 4 April 2020
940:from the original on 4 April 2020
1577:British Hit Singles & Albums
857:, a similar subculture in Sweden
811:
797:
1514:"Art Monthly Australia in 2010"
1334:"The Forgotten 1950s Girl Gang"
1274:"The Edwardian Teddy Boy Dress"
1154:Travis, Alan (24 August 2002).
368:, and crepe-soled shoes, often
1799:Veness, Alison (16 May 1994).
302:reminiscent of 1940s American
171:, in whose service they were.
1:
1482:Tzenkova, Ani (20 May 2010).
1017:Teddy Boys: A concise history
733:Portrayals in popular culture
602:The London Rock and Roll Show
1137:"The Teddy Boy as Scapegoat"
705:, a popular vehicle for Teds
640:reworkings by bands such as
435:The style was documented by
298:Teddy Boy clothing included
240:1958 Notting Hill race riots
99:fashionable during the 1950s
1967:Counterculture of the 1960s
1962:Counterculture of the 1950s
1892:Dandilicious Amazon Trailer
1550:The Great British Teddy Boy
1278:The Great British Teddy Boy
1248:Black Cat Rockabilly Europe
994:. Wharncliffe. p. 29.
2018:
1114:. Routledge. p. 401.
353:. The clothes were mostly
21:Teddy Boy (disambiguation)
18:
1135:Cross, Robert J. (1998).
439:in a June 1955 series of
1398:History is made at night
1244:"The Teddy Boy Movement"
127:were sometimes known as
1908:The Edwardian Teddy Boy
1575:Roberts, David (2006).
1546:"British Skiffle Craze"
1368:The Edwardian Teddy Boy
1073:Davies, Andrew (2008).
904:The Edwardian Teddy Boy
1111:The Subcultures Reader
706:
597:
487:
404:hats, cameo brooches,
295:
108:
100:
41:
33:
1843:on 16 September 2006.
1774:Vivienne Westwood.com
805:United Kingdom portal
701:
592:
543:British rock and roll
474:
461:Art Monthly Australia
318:communities (such as
273:
174:In post-war Britain,
125:Edwardian-era fashion
106:
94:
39:
31:
1920:4 March 2016 at the
1837:cambridge-news.co.uk
1742:. 30 November 2017.
1556:on 17 September 2012
1456:. 29 November 2016.
1400:. 31 December 2008.
1340:. 10 February 2013.
1284:on 17 September 2012
1079:. Wrea Green: Milo.
990:Kirby, Dick (2013).
966:. London: PM Press.
459:in 2009 and then in
328:"drainpipe" trousers
95:Typical black suede
1977:Musical subcultures
1916:. Video interview.
1634:"Blackboard Jungle"
861:Rocker (subculture)
832:Bodgies and widgies
306:worn by members of
232:Elephant and Castle
1740:Vintage News Daily
1338:Messynessychic.com
1194:. 25 August 2018.
765:A Clockwork Orange
707:
633:That'll Be the Day
598:
488:
296:
288:drainpipe trousers
109:
101:
42:
34:
1430:. 23 January 2022
1086:978-1-903854-81-5
661:Vivienne Westwood
627:American Graffiti
524:Blackboard Jungle
467:Music and dancing
449:A photo shoot by
430:trademark clothes
227:Blackboard Jungle
157:(see for example
2009:
1942:1950s neologisms
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1839:. Archived from
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1686:. 21 July 2014.
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1552:. Archived from
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1370:. Archived from
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1324:
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1280:. Archived from
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906:. Archived from
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844:Mods and rockers
821:
816:
815:
814:
807:
802:
801:
800:
673:brothel creepers
646:The Glitter Band
636:(both 1973) and
545:artists such as
374:brothel creepers
316:African-American
308:Italian-American
216:in 19th-century
155:Territorial Army
81:Second World War
73:Edwardian period
57:youth subculture
2017:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1927:
1926:
1922:Wayback Machine
1904:
1899:
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1684:Dangerous Minds
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1374:on 4 April 2020
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1308:Subculture List
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910:on 4 April 2020
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760:Anthony Burgess
735:
665:Malcolm McLaren
614:Jerry Lee Lewis
606:Wembley Stadium
594:Shakin' Stevens
587:
571:George Harrison
469:
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165:P. G. Wodehouse
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773:Punk in London
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762:'s 1962 novel
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749:The Teddy Boys
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729:in the 1970s.
721:bands such as
610:Little Richard
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520:Ken Mackintosh
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420:, and hair in
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340:Billy Eckstine
267:
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249:St Ann's riots
201:), written by
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1558:. Retrieved
1554:the original
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1454:The Guardian
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1372:the original
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1286:. Retrieved
1282:the original
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903:
819:1950s portal
784:Amazon Prime
782:, a film on
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1992:The Beatles
1982:Retro style
1972:John Lennon
1894:Youtube.com
1882:Youtube.com
1530:17 December
1498:17 December
1202:28 November
1172:14 December
753:Bruce Weber
703:Ford Zephyr
685:Sex Pistols
669:King's Road
618:Chuck Berry
575:John Lennon
551:Marty Wilde
437:Ken Russell
410:coolie hats
406:espadrilles
388:Teddy Girls
382:duck's arse
244:West Indian
199:The Slasher
163:written by
135:. The name
1931:Categories
1434:14 October
944:14 October
879:References
687:-inspired
622:Bill Haley
600:Following
579:Billy Fury
567:Merseybeat
532:Bill Haley
496:jump blues
480:the Comets
476:Bill Haley
372:(known as
304:zoot suits
253:Nottingham
222:Manchester
185:waistcoats
181:zoot suits
169:Edward VII
160:The Swoop!
133:Edwardians
77:Savile Row
46:Teddy Boys
1865:12 August
1817:7 October
1784:7 October
1750:7 October
1720:7 October
1694:7 October
1648:7 October
1618:7 October
1462:0261-3077
1408:25 August
1378:25 August
1318:25 August
1095:213858221
1058:7 October
914:7 October
719:glam rock
711:Tottenham
681:pompadour
638:glam rock
563:Joe Brown
512:The Creep
463:in 2010.
422:ponytails
364:, chunky
351:waistcoat
338:musician
290:(source:
280:glam rock
278:of 1970s
260:Teddy Boy
218:Liverpool
214:scuttlers
179:American
176:rationing
147:Edwardian
137:Teddy Boy
129:Cosh Boys
1918:Archived
1859:Archived
1811:Archived
1778:Archived
1744:Archived
1688:Archived
1642:Archived
1638:Time Out
1612:Archived
1521:Archived
1492:Archived
1467:4 August
1402:Archived
1348:8 August
1342:Archived
1312:Archived
1310:. 2013.
1252:Archived
1222:Archived
1196:Archived
1192:BBC News
1166:Archived
1052:Archived
938:Archived
866:Stilyagi
838:Greasers
791:See also
741:Cosh Boy
713:area of
604:held at
585:Revivals
516:Creepers
482:wearing
414:trousers
346:, and a
344:bolo tie
276:Les Gray
194:Cosh Boy
97:creepers
75:, which
1228:8 April
855:Raggare
827:Beatnik
642:Wizzard
508:skiffle
500:R&B
451:Liz Ham
366:brogues
362:Oxfords
348:brocade
312:Chicano
87:History
71:in the
69:dandies
65:R&B
54:British
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332:Mr. B.
113:London
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872:Teddy
751:, by
689:punks
378:quiff
370:suede
282:band
266:Style
197:(US:
151:Teddy
131:, or
1867:2020
1819:2019
1786:2019
1752:2019
1722:2019
1696:2019
1650:2019
1620:2019
1581:ISBN
1562:2012
1532:2018
1500:2018
1469:2021
1458:ISSN
1436:2022
1410:2013
1380:2013
1350:2013
1320:2013
1290:2012
1260:2012
1230:2013
1204:2020
1174:2018
1116:ISBN
1091:OCLC
1081:ISBN
1060:2019
1048:RS21
996:ISBN
968:ISBN
946:2015
916:2019
725:and
663:and
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630:and
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506:and
504:jazz
478:and
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314:and
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650:Mud
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