254:
2540:
1053:
1063:
2550:
74:
2529:
24:
2560:
360:
of the market. The
Governmental Audit Office of the President (T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Denetleme Kurulu) issued a highly critical report of the BTK in February 2010, listing 115 findings to be addressed. For example, the report found #20 points out that the BTK has completed only 50% to 78% of
379:
412:
released their first Made in Turkey smartphone in March 2021 with a retail price around $ 346. The phone has 64 GB storage, microSD support, 6.5" display and a MediaTek Helio P35 chipset.
1099:
468:
1018:
387:
456:
571:
337:
to pay two bills (one for line rental to the incumbent, and one to the chosen operator). The incumbent has so far managed to prevent any operator from connecting its own
310:
Telecommunications liberalisation in Turkey is progressing, but at a slow pace. The
Telecommunication Authority (now renamed Bilgi İletişim ve Teknolojileri Kurumu or
1227:
1028:
2512:
2484:
2479:
1504:
1157:
311:
605:
T.C. CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI Devlet
Denetleme Kurulu - Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumunun 2006 - 2007 ve 2008 Yılları Faaliyet ve İşlemlerinin Denetlenmesi
462:
345:, one of only two other players in the inter-city capacity business, raising questions as to how the Turkish Competition Board will treat the acquisition.
1092:
942:
474:
257:
408:
had started local manufacture a line of mobile phones in Turkey. Samsung is the leader of the
Turkish mobile market with 40% market share. Chinese firm
436:
1471:
1364:
1177:
987:
390:(abbreviated BTK). While internet and point to point telecommunication is controlled by BTK, radio and television broadcast is controlled by RTÜK.
1430:
1202:
967:
2506:
125:
Three submarine fiber-optic cables in the
Mediterranean and Black Seas linking Turkey with Italy, Greece, Israel, Bulgaria, Romania, and Russia
40:
2584:
2501:
2491:
2471:
2273:
1445:
1397:
1289:
1284:
1085:
694:
383:
617:
2496:
2342:
1249:
777:
341:
at local loop unbundling exchanges, though it is technically required to allow this. Recently, the incumbent announced it is acquiring
2268:
1407:
1369:
1023:
451:
657:
502:
2362:
1349:
887:
527:
44:
2147:
1695:
1497:
1319:
1279:
1259:
1239:
1142:
431:
47:. You may also want to view the infobox template page to view the full parameter list and read guidance on usage of that infobox.
568:
2258:
1435:
1254:
992:
364:
Alternative operators are rapidly growing, yet much progress needs to be made by the BTK to improve the competitive landscape.
279:
process started in Turkey in 2004 after the creation of the
Telecommunication Authority, and is still ongoing as of May 2013.
2253:
1804:
1440:
1334:
1329:
1304:
1162:
937:
902:
857:
2278:
1359:
1309:
1269:
1222:
1217:
1207:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1167:
1152:
1147:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
827:
822:
717:
373:
2563:
1402:
2553:
2314:
2211:
1754:
1521:
1450:
1392:
1344:
1324:
1314:
1299:
1294:
1274:
1244:
1212:
1197:
1172:
1108:
947:
922:
837:
817:
767:
737:
727:
982:
314:), while technically an independent organization, is still controlled by the Ministry of Transport and Communications.
2543:
2050:
1490:
1339:
1264:
1234:
1033:
912:
907:
787:
636:
441:
334:
1455:
1387:
2402:
2324:
2263:
1970:
977:
927:
882:
862:
852:
752:
589:
2174:
2135:
1980:
1880:
1809:
1742:
1569:
1425:
952:
867:
847:
732:
722:
353:
2533:
1775:
1710:
1663:
1549:
997:
932:
897:
832:
812:
802:
762:
747:
742:
709:
687:
2372:
2357:
2201:
2152:
2075:
1975:
1653:
1539:
1534:
1038:
957:
917:
892:
872:
807:
782:
772:
757:
288:
2294:
2080:
1895:
1840:
1835:
1648:
1613:
877:
842:
797:
792:
2196:
2000:
1965:
1885:
1865:
1787:
1675:
1596:
318:
551:
2110:
2070:
2040:
1797:
1732:
1623:
446:
307:
subscribers (10.6 million xDSL, 3.8 million Fibre, 1.2 million Cable, 65 million Mobile) by Q3 2020.
2120:
2060:
1819:
1781:
1638:
1579:
1564:
1007:
680:
338:
1062:
2347:
2304:
2235:
2105:
2035:
2010:
1945:
1792:
1513:
426:
273:
348:
The lack of progress by the BTK in ensuring a competitive playing field can be evidenced by the
253:
604:
246:
provides information about television, radio, fixed and mobile telephones, and the
Internet in
2387:
2309:
2223:
2206:
2169:
2055:
2015:
1845:
1814:
1680:
1574:
128:
Overland fiber-optic cables connecting Turkey to Greece, Bulgaria, and now also Syria and Iraq
2392:
2352:
2332:
2299:
2228:
2186:
2100:
1955:
1940:
1915:
1890:
1850:
1700:
1559:
1554:
1544:
284:
506:
23:
2020:
1875:
1643:
1606:
593:
575:
421:
357:
292:
1618:
2218:
2090:
2065:
2025:
1995:
1870:
1705:
1591:
280:
276:
2578:
2367:
2140:
2130:
2045:
1935:
1930:
1920:
1905:
1727:
1586:
1056:
333:
line rental is still not available to alternative operators, making it necessary for
2245:
2085:
2030:
1960:
1925:
1860:
1759:
1749:
1601:
349:
300:
33:
2445:
2095:
2005:
1990:
1950:
1910:
1769:
1066:
400:
296:
1077:
2450:
2157:
1855:
1764:
1720:
1690:
1668:
1658:
1633:
96:
62.8 million, 17th in world (2009), 80 million (2018), 82.2 million (Q3 2020)
2435:
1900:
1715:
330:
322:
304:
73:
2430:
2420:
2337:
2162:
1985:
672:
528:"Number of mobile subscribers reaches 80 million in Turkey - Latest News"
326:
261:
140:
136:
132:
586:
2425:
2410:
405:
342:
2455:
2415:
1737:
1529:
1482:
247:
108:
Urban Areas: both fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay
325:
has so far managed in many areas to restrict access and protect its
2440:
2377:
1685:
252:
2382:
618:"Samsung's made-in-Turkey cellphones to enter markets next week"
409:
1486:
1081:
676:
237:
27.2 million (2009), 46 million (2016), 80.9 million (Q3 2020)
36:
may require expansion, verification, or otherwise need cleanup.
1628:
667:
205:
17:
317:
While progress is being made (for example, local as well as
361:
its stated work plans in each of the years from 2005-2008.
86:
16.5 million, 18th in world (2009), 12.3 million (Q3 2020)
380:
Ministry of
Transport, Maritime and Communication (Turkey)
352:
the incumbent still holds. In broadband, the incumbent's
135:
earth stations, and 328 mobile satellite terminals in the
668:
TELKODER - the
Turkish Alternative Operators Association
662:
111:
Remote areas are reached by a domestic satellite system
469:
List of countries by number of telephone lines in use
388:
2464:
2401:
2323:
2287:
2244:
2185:
2119:
1828:
1520:
1464:
1416:
1378:
1115:
1006:
966:
708:
457:
List of countries by number of mobile phones in use
552:"Internet users by region and country, 2010-2016"
295:. There were 12.3 million (12.300.390) fixed
1498:
1093:
688:
8:
637:"1st made-in-Turkey Oppo smartphone on sale"
2513:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
463:List of countries by smartphone penetration
382:. But there are also two supreme councils;
2549:
1505:
1491:
1483:
1100:
1086:
1078:
695:
681:
673:
475:List of mobile network operators of Europe
41:Knowledge (XXG)'s guidelines for infoboxes
437:Radio and television technology in Turkey
663:The BTK - The Turkish Telecoms Authority
321:calls are now open to competition), the
71:
39:Please make sure that the infobox meets
487:
43:. There might be relevant comments on
497:
495:
493:
491:
7:
2559:
384:Radio and Television Supreme Council
452:Timeline of broadcasting in Turkey
185:635 (plus 2,934 repeaters) (1995)
14:
616:SABAH, DAILY (January 15, 2021).
268:Telecommunications liberalisation
165:AM 1, FM 102, shortwave 1 (2014)
2558:
2548:
2539:
2538:
2527:
2148:Free-space optical communication
1061:
1052:
1051:
432:List of radio stations in Turkey
223:Internet Service Providers ISPs:
72:
22:
635:SABAH, DAILY (March 21, 2021).
1019:British Indian Ocean Territory
303:subscribers, and 80.9 million
181:Television broadcast stations:
1:
1109:Telecommunications in Europe
394:Made in Turkey mobile devices
374:Internet regulation in Turkey
82:Telephones main lines in use:
2585:Telecommunications in Turkey
2534:Telecommunication portal
2315:Telecommunications equipment
299:, 82.2 million (82.795.432)
258:Küçük Çamlıca TV Radio Tower
244:Telecommunications in Turkey
2051:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
658:CIA World Factbook - Turkey
442:Telephone numbers in Turkey
378:The political authority is
356:still occupies roughly 95%
92:Telephones mobile cellular:
2601:
1755:Telecommunications history
503:"CIA - The World Factbook"
371:
2522:
2363:Public Switched Telephone
2175:telecommunication circuit
2136:Fiber-optic communication
1881:Francis Blake (telephone)
1676:Optical telecommunication
1047:
569:BTK Market Report Q3 2020
505:. Cia.gov. Archived from
161:Radio broadcast stations:
67:Communications of Turkey
66:
2274:Orbital angular-momentum
1711:Satellite communications
1550:Communications satellite
768:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2153:Molecular communication
1976:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
1805:Undersea telegraph line
1540:Cable protection system
1029:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
386:(abbreviated RTÜK) and
289:long distance telephony
2295:Communication protocol
2081:Charles Sumner Tainter
1896:Walter Houser Brattain
1841:Edwin Howard Armstrong
1649:Information revolution
1158:Bosnia and Herzegovina
703:Communications in Asia
264:
201:Internet country code:
119:International service:
2269:Polarization-division
2001:Narinder Singh Kapany
1966:Erna Schneider Hoover
1886:Jagadish Chandra Bose
1866:Alexander Graham Bell
1597:online video platform
283:companies operate in
256:
151:Country calling code:
2111:Vladimir K. Zworykin
2071:Almon Brown Strowger
2041:Charles Grafton Page
1696:Prepaid mobile phone
1624:Electrical telegraph
943:United Arab Emirates
447:Television in Turkey
195:20.9 million (1997)
175:11.3 million (1997)
2061:Johann Philipp Reis
1820:Wireless revolution
1782:The Telephone Cases
1639:Hydraulic telegraph
1379:States with limited
970:limited recognition
532:Hürriyet Daily News
509:on January 10, 2021
217:3.4 million (2010)
2259:Frequency-division
2236:Telephone exchange
2106:Charles Wheatstone
2036:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
2011:Innocenzo Manzetti
1946:Reginald Fessenden
1681:Optical telegraphy
1514:Telecommunications
592:2010-07-24 at the
574:2021-01-07 at the
427:Internet in Turkey
274:telecommunications
265:
2572:
2571:
2310:Store and forward
2305:Data transmission
2219:Network switching
2170:Transmission line
2016:Guglielmo Marconi
1981:Internet pioneers
1846:Mohamed M. Atalla
1815:Whistled language
1480:
1479:
1075:
1074:
1012:other territories
339:fiber optic cable
241:
240:
102:Telephone system:
62:
61:
2592:
2562:
2561:
2552:
2551:
2542:
2541:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2403:Notable networks
2393:Wireless network
2333:Cellular network
2325:Types of network
2300:Computer network
2187:Network topology
2101:Thomas A. Watson
1956:Oliver Heaviside
1941:Philo Farnsworth
1916:Daniel Davis Jr.
1891:Charles Bourseul
1851:John Logie Baird
1560:Data compression
1555:Computer network
1507:
1500:
1493:
1484:
1417:Dependencies and
1116:Sovereign states
1102:
1095:
1088:
1079:
1065:
1055:
1054:
1024:Christmas Island
710:Sovereign states
697:
690:
683:
674:
645:
644:
632:
626:
625:
613:
607:
602:
596:
584:
578:
566:
560:
559:
548:
542:
541:
539:
538:
524:
518:
517:
515:
514:
499:
398:In January 2021
329:. For example,
285:mobile telephony
76:
64:
63:
57:
54:
48:
26:
18:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2528:
2526:
2518:
2460:
2397:
2319:
2283:
2240:
2189:
2181:
2122:
2115:
2021:Robert Metcalfe
1876:Tim Berners-Lee
1824:
1644:Information Age
1516:
1511:
1481:
1476:
1460:
1418:
1412:
1398:Northern Cyprus
1380:
1374:
1290:North Macedonia
1111:
1106:
1076:
1071:
1043:
1011:
1002:
983:Northern Cyprus
969:
962:
704:
701:
654:
649:
648:
634:
633:
629:
615:
614:
610:
603:
599:
594:Wayback Machine
585:
581:
576:Wayback Machine
567:
563:
550:
549:
545:
536:
534:
526:
525:
521:
512:
510:
501:
500:
489:
484:
422:Media in Turkey
418:
396:
376:
370:
293:Internet access
270:
233:Internet users:
213:Internet hosts:
58:
52:
49:
38:
27:
12:
11:
5:
2598:
2596:
2588:
2587:
2577:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2556:
2546:
2536:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2474:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2254:Space-division
2250:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2091:Camille Tissot
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2066:Claude Shannon
2063:
2058:
2056:Tivadar Puskás
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2026:Antonio Meucci
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1996:Charles K. Kao
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1971:Harold Hopkins
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1871:Emile Berliner
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1810:Videotelephony
1807:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1785:
1778:
1773:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1713:
1708:
1706:Radiotelephone
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1592:Internet video
1584:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1502:
1495:
1487:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1472:European Union
1468:
1466:
1465:Other entities
1462:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1419:other entities
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1365:United Kingdom
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1178:Czech Republic
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1082:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1059:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1015:
1013:
1004:
1003:
1001:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
974:
972:
964:
963:
961:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
714:
712:
706:
705:
702:
700:
699:
692:
685:
677:
671:
670:
665:
660:
653:
652:External links
650:
647:
646:
627:
608:
597:
579:
561:
543:
519:
486:
485:
483:
480:
479:
478:
472:
466:
460:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
417:
414:
404:reported that
395:
392:
369:
366:
281:Private sector
277:liberalisation
269:
266:
239:
238:
235:
229:
228:
225:
219:
218:
215:
209:
208:
203:
197:
196:
193:
187:
186:
183:
177:
176:
173:
167:
166:
163:
157:
156:
153:
147:
146:
145:
144:
143:systems (2002)
129:
126:
121:
115:
114:
113:
112:
109:
104:
98:
97:
94:
88:
87:
84:
78:
77:
69:
68:
60:
59:
30:
28:
21:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2597:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2565:
2557:
2555:
2547:
2545:
2537:
2535:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2514:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2280:
2279:Code-division
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2264:Time-division
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2190:and switching
2188:
2184:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2141:optical fiber
2139:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2131:Coaxial cable
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2046:Radia Perlman
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1936:Lee de Forest
1934:
1932:
1931:Thomas Edison
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1921:Donald Davies
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1906:Claude Chappe
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1750:Smoke signals
1748:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1728:Semiconductor
1726:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:Digital media
1585:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1496:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1431:Faroe Islands
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1403:South Ossetia
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1250:Liechtenstein
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1058:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1005:
999:
996:
994:
993:South Ossetia
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
975:
973:
971:
965:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
715:
713:
711:
707:
698:
693:
691:
686:
684:
679:
678:
675:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
651:
642:
638:
631:
628:
623:
619:
612:
609:
606:
601:
598:
595:
591:
588:
583:
580:
577:
573:
570:
565:
562:
557:
553:
547:
544:
533:
529:
523:
520:
508:
504:
498:
496:
494:
492:
488:
481:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
419:
415:
413:
411:
407:
403:
402:
393:
391:
389:
385:
381:
375:
367:
365:
362:
359:
355:
351:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
319:long distance
315:
313:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
275:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
249:
245:
236:
234:
231:
230:
226:
224:
221:
220:
216:
214:
211:
210:
207:
204:
202:
199:
198:
194:
192:
189:
188:
184:
182:
179:
178:
174:
172:
169:
168:
164:
162:
159:
158:
154:
152:
149:
148:
142:
138:
134:
130:
127:
124:
123:
122:
120:
117:
116:
110:
107:
106:
105:
103:
100:
99:
95:
93:
90:
89:
85:
83:
80:
79:
75:
70:
65:
56:
53:December 2012
46:
45:the talk page
42:
37:
35:
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
2246:Multiplexing
2121:Transmission
2086:Nikola Tesla
2076:Henry Sutton
2031:Samuel Morse
1961:Robert Hooke
1926:Amos Dolbear
1861:John Bardeen
1780:
1760:Telautograph
1664:Mobile phone
1619:Edholm's law
1602:social media
1535:Broadcasting
1408:Transnistria
1370:Vatican City
1354:
1008:Dependencies
938:Turkmenistan
903:Saudi Arabia
640:
630:
621:
611:
600:
587:BTK web site
582:
564:
555:
546:
535:. Retrieved
531:
522:
511:. Retrieved
507:the original
471:Turkey, 17th
465:Turkey, 11st
459:Turkey, 19th
399:
397:
377:
363:
350:market share
347:
316:
309:
301:mobile phone
271:
243:
242:
232:
222:
212:
200:
191:Televisions:
190:
180:
170:
160:
150:
118:
101:
91:
81:
50:
32:This page's
31:
15:
2446:NPL network
2158:Radio waves
2096:Alfred Vail
2006:Hedy Lamarr
1991:Dawon Kahng
1951:Elisha Gray
1911:Yogen Dalal
1836:Nasir Ahmed
1770:Teleprinter
1634:Heliographs
1446:Isle of Man
1381:recognition
1350:Switzerland
1285:Netherlands
1067:Asia portal
968:States with
888:Philippines
828:South Korea
823:North Korea
718:Afghanistan
641:Daily Sabah
622:Daily Sabah
477:Turkey, 5th
401:Daily Sabah
368:Authorities
335:subscribers
297:phone lines
2492:Antarctica
2451:Toasternet
2373:Television
1856:Paul Baran
1788:Television
1772:(teletype)
1765:Telegraphy
1743:transistor
1721:Phryctoria
1691:Photophone
1669:Smartphone
1659:Mass media
1320:San Marino
1280:Montenegro
1260:Luxembourg
1240:Kazakhstan
1143:Azerbaijan
948:Uzbekistan
923:Tajikistan
838:Kyrgyzstan
818:Kazakhstan
738:Bangladesh
728:Azerbaijan
537:2019-08-26
513:2012-11-05
482:References
372:See also:
227:50 (2001)
2476:Americas
2465:Locations
2436:Internet2
2197:Bandwidth
1901:Vint Cerf
1798:streaming
1776:Telephone
1716:Semaphore
1607:streaming
1436:Gibraltar
1255:Lithuania
1034:Hong Kong
988:Palestine
913:Sri Lanka
908:Singapore
788:Indonesia
331:wholesale
323:incumbent
305:broadband
2579:Category
2544:Category
2431:Internet
2421:CYCLADES
2338:Ethernet
2288:Concepts
2212:terminal
2163:wireless
1986:Bob Kahn
1829:Pioneers
1654:Internet
1545:Cable TV
1456:Svalbard
1441:Guernsey
1388:Abkhazia
1335:Slovenia
1330:Slovakia
1305:Portugal
1163:Bulgaria
1057:Category
978:Abkhazia
928:Thailand
883:Pakistan
863:Mongolia
858:Maldives
853:Malaysia
753:Cambodia
590:Archived
572:Archived
416:See also
354:provider
327:monopoly
262:Istanbul
141:Eutelsat
137:Inmarsat
133:Intelsat
2564:Commons
2554:Outline
2507:Oceania
2426:FidoNet
2411:ARPANET
2224:circuit
1793:digital
1522:History
1360:Ukraine
1310:Romania
1270:Moldova
1228:Ireland
1223:Iceland
1218:Hungary
1208:Germany
1203:Georgia
1193:Finland
1188:Estonia
1183:Denmark
1168:Croatia
1153:Belgium
1148:Belarus
1138:Austria
1133:Armenia
1128:Andorra
1123:Albania
953:Vietnam
868:Myanmar
848:Lebanon
778:Georgia
733:Bahrain
723:Armenia
406:Samsung
343:Invitel
171:Radios:
34:infobox
2502:Europe
2472:Africa
2456:Usenet
2416:BITNET
2353:Mobile
2229:packet
1738:MOSFET
1733:device
1530:Beacon
1451:Jersey
1393:Kosovo
1355:Turkey
1345:Sweden
1325:Serbia
1315:Russia
1300:Poland
1295:Norway
1275:Monaco
1245:Latvia
1213:Greece
1198:France
1173:Cyprus
998:Taiwan
933:Turkey
898:Russia
833:Kuwait
813:Jordan
803:Israel
763:Cyprus
748:Brunei
743:Bhutan
248:Turkey
2485:South
2480:North
2441:JANET
2378:Telex
2368:Radio
2207:Nodes
2202:Links
2123:media
1701:Radio
1686:Pager
1614:Drums
1580:video
1575:image
1565:audio
1426:Åland
1340:Spain
1265:Malta
1235:Italy
1039:Macau
958:Yemen
918:Syria
893:Qatar
873:Nepal
808:Japan
783:India
773:Egypt
758:China
358:share
2497:Asia
2383:UUCP
2343:ISDN
878:Oman
843:Laos
798:Iraq
793:Iran
410:Oppo
291:and
272:The
139:and
2388:WAN
2358:NGN
2348:LAN
1629:Fax
1570:DCT
1010:and
556:ITU
312:BTK
260:in
206:.tr
155:90
131:12
2581::
639:.
620:.
554:.
530:.
490:^
287:,
250:.
2515:)
2511:(
1506:e
1499:t
1492:v
1101:e
1094:t
1087:v
696:e
689:t
682:v
643:.
624:.
558:.
540:.
516:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
