456:. During the Cold War, further nation-building resulted in a polity where 'Thai' and 'Tai' continued to be deliberately conflated and, in the official discourse, nearly everyone was ethnically Thai and so spoke Thai or Thai ‘dialects’, as the regional languages and most smaller Tai languages were described. From the 1960s, census data described up to 99% of the population as ethnically Thai. Nonetheless, academic research of the Cold War period suggests that of these, only 33% spoke
41:
486:
4335:
516:") and ethnic communities in the northeast and is explicit about its reliance on the Mahidol University Ethnolinguistic Maps of Thailand data. Thus, though over 3.288 million people in the northeast alone could not be categorised, the population and percentages of other ethnic communities c. 1997 are known and constitute minimum populations. In descending order, the largest (equal to or greater than 400,000) are:
4345:
440:, of June 24, 1939, renamed Siam ‘Thailand’, or as it was during the Second World War, the ‘Great Thai Empire’, an assertion of Thai imperial identity over subject peoples. Then, in 1943, the influential National Culture Commission, which has survived in various incarnations until the present day (as the
569:
and northern
Vietnam. For the most part the Dai/Tai/Thai occupied the more fertile intermontane basins and valleys, while the less powerful groups lived at the less rich higher elevations. This dichotomy was often accompanied by a master/serf relationship. Vestiges of this dichotomy remain today: for
420:
The 1904 Siamese census deliberately omitted the Lao ethnic identity so as to discourage further French colonial predations, resulting in the Thai officially becoming 85% of the population by ethnicity, rising to 89% in 1912. In the 1900s, membership of the Thai 'race' came to form the basis of
497:, available from the Department of Rights and Liberties Promotion of the Thai Ministry of Justice, 62 ethnolinguistic communities are officially recognised in Thailand. However, of these, only 56 were listed in the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security's 2015
549:
Khmer and Mon-Khmer make up approximately 6 percent, the Malays of southern
Thailand make up around 3 percent. Among the groups categorized as hill tribes in the northern provinces, Hmong (Mien), Karen, and other small hill tribes make up over 1 percent.
125:
892:
494:
520:
15,080,000 Lao (24.9 percent) consisting of the Thai Lao (14 million) and other smaller Lao-related groups, namely the Thai Loei (400-500,000), Lao Lom (350,000), Lao Wiang/Klang (200,000), Lao Khrang (90,000), Lao Ngaew (30,000), and Lao Ti
468:
for the
Northeast. Thai censuses still do not disaggregate by either the largest or smallest ethnic groups and so reflect Thai national identity rather than the scientific consensus. Thailand saw an influx of a large number of
1537:
501:, with the larger, ethnoregional ethnic communities, including the Central Thai, being omitted; it, therefore, covers only 9.7% of the population. Twenty million Central Thai (together with approximately 650,000
275:, which superseded Sukhothai in the 16th century. From the 16th to the 18th centuries the Burmese expanded east, occupying Lan Na and parts of the Xishuangbanna and eventually destroying Ayutthaya. Nonetheless,
2165:
891:
The following table comprises all the ethnolinguistic identities recognised by the Royal Thai
Government in the 2011 Country Report to the UN Committee responsible for the
361:
peoples, who were subsequently resettled in the central plains. During the nation-building era, Siam's ethnic map became more varied, as the majority of the peoples of the
1730:
1734:
1930:
International
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Reports submitted by States parties under article 9 of the Convention: Thailand
3612:
307:
under direct control in the 19th century. What remained of Lan Na became a vassal until 1896, when it was formally annexed, incorporating large numbers of
404:
over several hundred years, and especially during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, until the 1930s, meaning many Thai urban centres now have
1807:
Streckfuss, David (1993). "The mixed colonial legacy in Siam: Origins of Thai racialist thought, 1890–1910". In Sears, Laurie J.; Smail, John R. (eds.).
2053:
Draper, John; Kamnuansilpa, Peerasit (2018). "The Thai Lao
Question: The Reappearance of Thailand's Ethnic Lao Community and Related Policy Questions".
557:) began to appear in the 1960s. This term highlights a "hill and valley" dichotomy that is based on an ancient social relationship existing in most of
4224:
3307:
2979:
330:
into seven provinces as part of a policy of 'divide and rule'. Via administrative modernisation, in 1901 Siam incorporated all seven provinces into ‘
3212:
4269:
4249:
3676:
3488:
2158:
3530:
505:) made up approximately 20,650,000 (34.1 percent) of the nation's population of 60,544,937 at the time of completion of the Mahidol University
353:. In the early Chakri dynasty period, Siamese armies had invaded areas of Laos and returned with large numbers of prisoners of war, especially
3461:
570:
example, 30 percent of ethnic minority children in
Thailand cannot read by second grade. The corresponding figure for Bangkok is one percent.
349:
Siamese suzerainty over present-day Laos, together with some
Cambodian provinces, was permanently ceded to the French during the formation of
3361:
1965:
1816:
1674:
3055:
1936:(in English and Thai). United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. 28 July 2011. pp. 3, 5, 95. Archived from
1928:
3974:
3798:
3783:
3238:
3070:
3065:
4300:
3344:
3287:
4369:
4059:
3483:
3207:
3142:
2151:
2096:
4305:
3371:
1895:
1757:
1706:
4310:
4264:
4169:
3167:
3101:
3091:
1782:
4374:
3424:
3258:
3152:
1518:
Note that population numbers are for the northeast region only. Languages may have additional speakers outside the northeast.
4274:
3510:
3471:
3451:
3157:
3075:
2921:
441:
3578:
1579:
Laungaramsri, Pinkaew (2003). "Ethnicity and the politics of ethnic classification in
Thailand". In Mackerras, Colin (ed.).
4219:
4184:
4139:
3644:
3339:
3265:
3202:
3177:
2972:
2018:
4109:
4104:
3999:
3820:
3671:
3551:
3525:
3439:
3137:
3106:
3096:
474:
339:
4229:
4204:
4119:
4099:
4049:
4019:
4009:
3810:
3588:
3182:
3172:
251:
river valleys, fuelled by a sophisticated rice production system. Strong Tai societies emerged on the Shan plateau in
4315:
4194:
4189:
4069:
3741:
3535:
3505:
3476:
3466:
3366:
3060:
3035:
283:, and Malay states and thereby defeated the Burmese, ensuring the primacy of the Tai ethnic groups in the region.
4259:
4164:
4144:
4134:
4034:
3751:
3726:
3498:
3493:
3456:
3446:
3434:
3412:
3197:
3030:
280:
168:
2850:
108:
4234:
4149:
4129:
4014:
4004:
3991:
3967:
3704:
3595:
3583:
3275:
3248:
2965:
1527:
2143:
4279:
4214:
4179:
4114:
4094:
4084:
4044:
4029:
4024:
3901:
3399:
3280:
2886:
200:
144:
68:
2418:
1978:(in Thai). Bangkok: Ministry of Social Development and Human Security. 2015. pp. 1, 29. Archived from
326:, Siam extended formal rule over large numbers of Malay people. In 1816, Siam divided the Muslim tributary
4320:
4239:
4199:
4174:
4154:
4089:
4064:
4054:
4039:
3896:
3573:
3270:
3132:
2941:
2376:
2344:
671:
437:
308:
80:
1318:
The following table shows all the ethnic groups of
Northeast Thailand, as recognised in the same report.
4159:
4124:
4079:
4074:
3983:
3830:
3746:
3666:
3607:
3520:
3292:
3253:
3187:
3120:
2906:
2548:
2178:
1532:
886:
635:
513:
470:
312:
172:
96:
84:
72:
3847:
3661:
3639:
3629:
3624:
3563:
3334:
3327:
3312:
3302:
3226:
3020:
3015:
2916:
2263:
1886:
Diller, Anthony (2002). "What makes central Thai a national language?". In Reynolds, Craig J. (ed.).
713:
597:
493:
According to the Royal Thai Government's 2011 Country Report to the UN committee responsible for the
453:
425:
304:
300:
235:
From approximately the 7th until the 13th centuries, the Tai, who may have originated in what is now
120:
92:
64:
4289:
3960:
3927:
3920:
3889:
3884:
3691:
3515:
3387:
3243:
3192:
3147:
3000:
2992:
2936:
2926:
2911:
2891:
2493:
2408:
731:
653:
327:
116:
4344:
2110:
1979:
895:, available from the Department of Rights and Liberties Promotion of the Thai Ministry of Justice
3862:
3721:
3656:
3634:
3429:
3349:
3162:
2729:
2070:
1937:
1724:
1680:
1559:
797:
401:
397:
164:
2516:
2946:
2003:
1699:
Muslims separatism : the Moros of Southern Philippines and the Malays of Southern Thailand
719:
3936:
3815:
3805:
3793:
3788:
3681:
3568:
3356:
3045:
3040:
2693:
2385:
2313:
2273:
2092:
1901:
1891:
1868:
1845:
1822:
1812:
1763:
1753:
1712:
1702:
1670:
827:
773:
647:
370:
272:
268:
244:
299:, themselves formed of various subgroups. Siam brought the remaining Lan Xang city-states of
3879:
3867:
3835:
3417:
3050:
2831:
2688:
2634:
2288:
2195:
2062:
1662:
562:
422:
365:, once part of Lan Xang empire, were formally integrated into Siam, incorporating more Lao,
350:
276:
160:
30:
1840:
Keyes, Charles F. (1996). "Who are the Tai?". In Romanucci-Ross, L.; De Vos, G. A. (eds.).
1811:. Madison, Wis.: Univ. of Wisconsin, Center for Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 123–153.
51:
is a country of some 70 ethnic groups, including at least 24 groups of ethnolinguistically
3941:
3857:
3761:
3322:
3317:
3297:
2616:
2594:
2580:
2567:
1571:
390:
346:, Thailand thereby cemented its official rule over hundreds of thousands of Malay people.
323:
2784:
3872:
3825:
3699:
2868:
2811:
2764:
2739:
2629:
2535:
2521:
2441:
2308:
2293:
2258:
833:
803:
707:
615:
558:
409:
378:
362:
358:
343:
292:
4363:
4338:
3778:
3756:
3651:
2836:
2826:
2774:
2716:
2459:
2432:
2303:
2138:
2074:
1684:
857:
851:
845:
839:
464:), an indication of the number of ethnic Lao or users of Lao as a second language or
461:
444:) was established in order to define and disseminate official Thai national culture.
429:
252:
248:
512:
The 2011 Thailand Country Report provides population numbers for mountain peoples ("
509:
data (1997), which provides population numbers for most ethnolinguistic minorities.
452:
Thailand received an influx of tens of thousands of Vietnamese after the end of the
40:
3731:
2858:
2821:
2816:
2803:
2789:
2734:
2707:
2543:
2506:
2501:
2403:
2278:
2268:
689:
677:
665:
641:
611:
566:
485:
457:
405:
354:
316:
224:
215:, another Tibeto-Burman people, arrived at and began populating the border between
212:
180:
112:
99:, the majority ethnic group in the southernmost three provinces, together with the
88:
2186:
2066:
893:
International Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
899:
Five ethnolinguistic families of Thailand recognized by the Royal Thai Government
495:
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
4348:
3766:
3714:
3600:
3025:
2931:
2749:
2744:
2724:
2624:
2511:
2469:
2464:
2449:
2398:
2393:
2357:
2352:
2330:
2323:
2318:
2203:
863:
809:
791:
785:
779:
767:
761:
743:
725:
701:
695:
629:
603:
591:
585:
502:
433:
382:
366:
208:
204:
176:
156:
152:
60:
56:
52:
34:
279:, the Tai successor state to Ayutthaya, established suzerainty over the Lanna,
2863:
2779:
2759:
2602:
2575:
2479:
2474:
2454:
2413:
2362:
2298:
2213:
815:
755:
749:
737:
683:
659:
579:
386:
374:
296:
264:
104:
76:
1872:
1849:
1826:
1767:
1716:
1666:
111:. Other ethnic groups include longstanding immigrant communities such as the
3852:
3773:
3735:
3404:
2769:
2754:
2283:
2253:
2238:
2223:
1905:
873:
211:), over several centuries up until approximately the twentieth century. The
148:
17:
1809:
Autonomous histories, particular truths: essays in honor of John R.W. Smail
1750:
Linguistic diversity and national unity : language ecology in Thailand
239:
in China and bordering areas of Northwest Vietnam, gradually populated the
3709:
2988:
2896:
2243:
2233:
1659:
The Routledge International Handbook of Language Education Policy in Asia
260:
48:
3952:
295:, Siam formally incorporated and integrated large numbers of ethnically
255:, along the Mekong in the north in Xishuangbanna, in the Yuan empire of
3840:
2228:
2208:
867:
331:
236:
196:
188:
2002:
World Bank Group. (n.d.). Population, total . Washington, DC: Author.
1972:
Master Plan for the Development of Ethnic Groups in Thailand 2015-2017
1538:
Nationality, religion, and language data for the provinces of Thailand
499:
Master Plan for the Development of Ethnic Groups in Thailand 2015-2017
2901:
2680:
2666:
2661:
2648:
2248:
2218:
432:
policy which came to equate the Tai linguistic family with a greater
256:
240:
2957:
1657:
Draper, John (2019-04-17), "Language education policy in Thailand",
311:
speakers, together with the various ethnic groups sometimes called '
263:. These societies subsequently developed into polities, for example
2031:(in Thai). Bangkok: Office of the National Culture Commission. 2004
1617:
Ethnic Groups Across National Boundaries in Mainland Southeast Asia
223:
in the 13th century. Thailand also became home to large numbers of
2656:
821:
484:
335:
216:
100:
524:
six million Khon Muang (9.9 percent, also called Northern Thais)
220:
192:
184:
3956:
2961:
2147:
530:
1.4 million Khmer Leu (2.3 percent, also called Northern Khmer)
1661:, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, pp. 229–242,
527:
4.5 million Pak Tai (7.5 percent, also called Southern Thais)
2004:
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=TH
1842:
Ethnic identity : creation, conflict, and accommodation
1608:
Tai Groups of Thailand Vol 2: Profile of the Existing Groups
421:
citizenship of the modern Thai nation-state. In the 1930s,
1967:แผนแม่บท การพัฒนากลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ในประเทศไทย(พ.ศ.2558-2560)
477:, some of whom permanently settled with indigenous Khmer.
2091:, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (14 October 2005)
1888:
National identity and its defenders : Thailand today
1599:
Tai Groups of Thailand Vol 1: Introduction and Overview
1552:
Ethnicity and the Nation-States of Thailand and Vietnam
29:"Thai peoples" redirects here. For the ethnic group in
1322:
Ethnic groups of Northeast Thailand by language family
2048:
2046:
594:(Thai-Lao; Thai Isan; Isan Lao) – c. 18.5–20 million
4288:
4248:
3990:
3690:
3550:
3386:
3225:
3119:
3084:
3008:
2999:
2879:
2849:
2802:
2715:
2706:
2679:
2647:
2615:
2593:
2566:
2534:
2492:
2440:
2431:
2384:
2375:
2343:
2194:
2185:
1783:"The Thai Census of 1904: Translation and Analysis"
1590:
Ethnic Groups of Thailand: Non-Tai-speaking Peoples
621:
assimilated Sino-Thai (Luk Chin) – > 4.5 million
553:
In official Thai documents, the term "hill tribe" (
1619:. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
1325:
902:
334:Patani’, under the new Ministry of Interior. When
606:(Thai Pak Tai, Southern Siamese) – c. 5.5 million
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
259:, and in the Middle Mekong in the Lao empire of
2087:Kusuma Snitwongse & W Scott Thompson eds.
2020:แผนที่ภาษาของกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ต่าง ๆ ในประเทศไทย
227:during the main period of Chinese emigration.
3968:
2973:
2159:
373:, but also smaller ethnic groups such as the
87:'), with the largest in population being the
8:
1729:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
199:and then Lao, or in the case of the Loloish
143:Thailand was mainly inhabited by indigenous
179:arrived. Following the arrival of the Tai,
3975:
3961:
3953:
3556:
3392:
3231:
3125:
3005:
2980:
2966:
2958:
2799:
2712:
2676:
2644:
2612:
2590:
2563:
2531:
2489:
2437:
2381:
2340:
2191:
2166:
2152:
2144:
1733:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
542:400,000 Kuy/Kuay (also Suay) (0.7 percent)
489:Ethnolinguistic groups of Thailand in 1974
187:arrived in the West and North from China (
71:peoples, with substantial populations of
2175:Ethnic and linguistic groups in Thailand
624:non-assimilated Chinese – c. 1.4 million
39:
1630:
460:, with over 50% speaking Lao dialects (
2013:
2011:
1722:
1697:Che Man, Wan Kadir, 1946-.... (1990).
1567:
1557:
436:race-based ‘nation.’ The first of the
1960:
1958:
44:Chart shows the peopling of Thailand.
7:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1634:
107:('sea gypsies'); and both groups of
1371:Thai Khorat / Tai Beung / Tai Deung
600:(Thai Yuan; Lanna) – c. 6–7 million
338:was ceded to the English under the
2089:Ethnic Conflicts in Southeast Asia
1615:Wijeyewardene, Gehan, ed. (1990).
271:. The most powerful to emerge was
25:
416:Development of Thai ethnocentrism
4343:
4334:
4333:
2025:Ethnolinguistic Maps of Thailand
1844:. Walnut Creek: AltaMira Press.
1748:Smalley, William Allen. (1994).
507:Ethnolinguistic Maps of Thailand
3799:Traditional musical instruments
2109:Parpart, Erich (23 July 2018).
1752:. University of Chicago Press.
1494:Cannot specify ethnicity/number
1432:Ngah Kur / Chao Bon / Khon Dong
1349:Thailand Khmer / Northern Khmer
977:Kammuang / Yuan (Northern Thai)
656:(multiple ancestries) – 450,000
4301:British Indian Ocean Territory
2139:Ethnologue report for Thailand
1890:. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books.
1606:Schliesinger, Joachim (2015).
1597:Schliesinger, Joachim (2015).
1588:Schliesinger, Joachim (2000).
1013:Thailand Khmer, Northern Khmer
539:470,000 Phu Thai (0.8 percent)
481:Official and academic position
406:ethnically Chinese populations
342:, in exchange for what became
1:
2067:10.1080/14631369.2016.1258300
1335:Austroasiatic Language Family
267:, the capital of Lan Na, and
830:(Nyah Kur, Chao-bon) – 1,500
545:350,000 Karen (0.6 percent).
340:Anglo–Siamese Treaty of 1909
3677:Water supply and sanitation
1863:Seidenfaden, Erik. (1967).
1790:Journal of the Siam Society
1701:. Oxford university press.
969:Malay (Malayu / Nayu / Yawi
533:900,000 Malay (1.5 percent)
4391:
3531:Controlled-access highways
1583:. London: RoutledgeCurzon.
1550:Keyes, Charles F. (2008).
884:
536:500,000 Nyaw (0.8 percent)
28:
4370:Ethnic groups in Thailand
4329:
3914:
3613:Universities and colleges
3559:
3395:
3234:
3128:
588:(Siamese) – c. 25 million
574:List (by population size)
4050:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3345:House of Representatives
3239:Administrative divisions
1667:10.4324/9781315666235-16
1528:Demographics of Thailand
1058:Sakai (Kensiw / Manique)
442:Thai Ministry of Culture
393:along the Khmer border.
303:(destroyed in 1827) and
291:Under the Bangkok-based
4311:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
475:rule of the Khmer Rouge
287:The nation-building era
4375:Thailand-related lists
3984:Ethnic groups in Asia
3484:Science and technology
3452:Special economic zones
1443:Kaleung, Yoy and Phuan
881:List by language group
490:
231:The arrival of the Tai
167:, and in the South by
134:Historical development
81:Sino-Tibetan languages
45:
3841:Mythological creature
3372:Deputy Prime Minister
3288:Intelligence agencies
1533:Languages of Thailand
983:Karen (7 subfamilies)
887:Languages of Thailand
885:Further information:
582:– c. 53–56.5 million
488:
175:) peoples, until the
79:; 11 groups speaking
43:
4225:United Arab Emirates
3499:Traditional medicine
3213:World Heritage Sites
3168:Environmental issues
1592:. White Lotus Press.
1208:Mal-Pray (Lua / Tin)
454:French Indochina war
438:12 Cultural Mandates
426:Luang Wichitwathakan
400:, Thailand received
381:, together with the
4252:limited recognition
1781:Grabowsky, Volker.
1343:Lao Esan / Thai Lao
1329:Tai Language Family
1263:Lao Wiang/Lao Klang
800:(Thai Khun) – 6,280
618:) – c. 6–9 million
328:Sultanate of Patani
95:peoples, i.e., the
3511:Telecommunications
3163:Floods in Thailand
3061:Siamese Revolution
1252:Lavua (Lawa / Lua)
1223:Mlabri (Tongluang)
1178:Palaung (Dala-ang)
1118:Nyah Kur (Chaobon)
710:(Thai Lü) – 83,000
704:(Thai Yai)– 95,000
638:– > 1.2 million
491:
402:Chinese immigrants
398:Chinese emigration
46:
4357:
4356:
4294:other territories
3950:
3949:
3910:
3909:
3897:Traditional games
3546:
3545:
3382:
3381:
3362:Political parties
3266:Foreign relations
3221:
3220:
3115:
3114:
3046:Ayutthaya Kingdom
3041:Sukhothai Kingdom
2955:
2954:
2845:
2844:
2798:
2797:
2702:
2701:
2675:
2674:
2643:
2642:
2611:
2610:
2589:
2588:
2562:
2561:
2530:
2529:
2488:
2487:
2427:
2426:
2386:Malayo-Polynesian
2371:
2370:
2339:
2338:
2111:"Childhood's End"
1943:on 9 October 2016
1818:978-1-881261-11-7
1676:978-1-315-66623-5
1581:Ethnicity in Asia
1516:
1515:
1316:
1315:
1136:Yunnanese Chinese
836:(Black Tai) – 700
159:) peoples in the
57:Central, Southern
16:(Redirected from
4382:
4347:
4337:
4336:
4306:Christmas Island
3992:Sovereign states
3977:
3970:
3963:
3954:
3930:
3923:
3672:Waste management
3557:
3408:
3393:
3232:
3126:
3056:Rattanakosin era
3051:Thonburi Kingdom
3006:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2959:
2800:
2713:
2677:
2645:
2613:
2591:
2564:
2532:
2490:
2438:
2382:
2341:
2196:Southwestern Tai
2192:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2145:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2106:
2100:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2050:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2030:
2015:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1984:
1977:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1925:
1910:
1909:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1867:. Siam Society.
1865:The Thai peoples
1860:
1854:
1853:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1787:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1728:
1720:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1654:
1620:
1611:
1602:
1593:
1584:
1575:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1555:
1326:
1106:Jingpaw / Kachin
903:
806:(De'ang) – 5,000
565:, as well as in
563:western Thailand
423:Thai nationalist
351:French Indochina
129:
31:Central Thailand
21:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4353:
4325:
4293:
4284:
4265:Northern Cyprus
4251:
4244:
3986:
3981:
3951:
3946:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3906:
3811:Public holidays
3806:Performing arts
3686:
3589:Sex trafficking
3542:
3406:
3378:
3217:
3183:Protected areas
3111:
3080:
2995:
2986:
2956:
2951:
2875:
2841:
2794:
2698:
2671:
2639:
2607:
2585:
2558:
2526:
2484:
2423:
2367:
2335:
2181:
2179:language family
2172:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2119:
2117:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2086:
2082:
2055:Asian Ethnicity
2052:
2051:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2017:
2016:
2009:
2001:
1997:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1964:
1963:
1956:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1913:
1898:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1819:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1785:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1760:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1721:
1709:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1677:
1656:
1655:
1632:
1627:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1566:
1556:
1554:. Mekong Press.
1549:
1546:
1544:Further reading
1524:
1471:(not specified)
1076:- Padaung Karen
955:
948:
941:
934:
927:
889:
883:
860:– less than 400
854:– less than 500
848:– less than 500
842:– less than 500
576:
483:
450:
418:
324:Malay Peninsula
315:', such as the
289:
233:
169:Malayo-Sumbawan
141:
136:
123:
121:Thai Portuguese
67:; 22 groups of
38:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4388:
4386:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4362:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4341:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
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4295:
4286:
4285:
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4272:
4267:
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4245:
4243:
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4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3996:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3957:
3948:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3932:
3931:
3924:
3916:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3890:Solar calendar
3887:
3885:Lunar calendar
3877:
3876:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3707:
3702:
3696:
3694:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3648:
3647:
3642:
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3627:
3622:
3617:
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3604:
3603:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3566:
3560:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3506:Stock Exchange
3503:
3502:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3427:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3410:
3402:
3396:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3367:Prime Minister
3364:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3337:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3284:
3283:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3235:
3229:
3223:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3143:Municipalities
3140:
3135:
3129:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3036:Initial states
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2962:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2883:
2881:
2880:Non-Indigenous
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2861:
2855:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2806:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2685:
2683:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2540:
2538:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2349:
2347:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2200:
2198:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2134:
2133:External links
2131:
2128:
2127:
2101:
2097:978-9812303370
2080:
2042:
2007:
1995:
1954:
1911:
1896:
1878:
1855:
1832:
1817:
1799:
1773:
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1740:
1707:
1689:
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1502:
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1497:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:Tai-dam (Song)
1465:
1464:
1461:
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1451:
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1436:
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1209:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1199:
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1194:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:Plang (Samtao)
1161:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1097:
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1041:
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1036:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
991:
990:
987:
986:Moken / Moklen
984:
981:
978:
974:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
957:
956:
951:
949:
944:
942:
937:
935:
930:
928:
923:
920:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
882:
879:
878:
877:
876:(Yi) – unknown
871:
861:
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
813:
807:
801:
795:
789:
783:
777:
771:
765:
759:
753:
747:
741:
735:
729:
723:
717:
711:
705:
699:
693:
687:
681:
675:
669:
663:
657:
651:
645:
644:– c. 1 million
639:
633:
627:
626:
625:
622:
609:
608:
607:
601:
595:
589:
575:
572:
547:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
482:
479:
471:Northern Khmer
449:
446:
417:
414:
363:Khorat plateau
344:Satun Province
297:Laotian people
293:Chakri dynasty
288:
285:
232:
229:
191:), either via
161:central plains
145:Austro-Asiatic
140:
137:
135:
132:
91:; 3 groups of
73:Northern Khmer
65:Northern Thais
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4387:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4340:
4332:
4331:
4328:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4291:
4287:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4275:South Ossetia
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4247:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3978:
3973:
3971:
3966:
3964:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3918:
3917:
3913:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3689:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3620:Ethnic groups
3618:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3549:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3482:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3447:Manufacturing
3445:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3415:
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3409:
3403:
3401:
3398:
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3391:
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3385:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3309:
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3250:
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3209:
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3141:
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3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
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3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3031:Early history
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2998:
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2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2717:Tibeto-Burman
2714:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
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2646:
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2573:
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2533:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2433:Austroasiatic
2430:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2364:
2361:
2359:
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2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
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2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
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2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2169:
2164:
2162:
2157:
2155:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1985:on 2021-03-12
1981:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1939:
1932:
1931:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1897:974-7551-88-8
1893:
1889:
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1879:
1874:
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1803:
1800:
1795:
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1784:
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1769:
1765:
1761:
1759:0-226-76289-0
1755:
1751:
1744:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1726:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1708:0-19-588924-X
1704:
1700:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1653:
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1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1624:
1618:
1613:
1610:. BooksMango.
1609:
1604:
1601:. BooksMango.
1600:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1561:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1534:
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1526:
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1521:
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1511:
1509:
1507:
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1504:
1500:
1498:
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1492:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1446:So (Thavaung)
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1286:
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1282:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1145:Southern Thai
1144:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1130:Tai Yai, Shan
1129:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:So (Thavuang)
1087:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
992:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
975:
971:
968:
966:Guong (Ugong)
965:
962:
959:
958:
954:
950:
947:
943:
940:
936:
933:
929:
926:
922:
921:
917:
914:
911:
909:Austroasiatic
908:
905:
904:
901:
900:
896:
894:
888:
880:
875:
872:
869:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
632:– 2–4 million
631:
628:
623:
620:
619:
617:
613:
610:
605:
604:Southern Thai
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
583:
581:
578:
577:
573:
571:
568:
564:
560:
556:
551:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
519:
518:
517:
515:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
487:
480:
478:
476:
472:
467:
466:lingua franca
463:
459:
455:
447:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
424:
415:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
286:
284:
282:
281:Luang Prabang
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
253:upper Myanmar
250:
246:
242:
238:
230:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
201:Tibeto-Burman
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
138:
133:
131:
127:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
69:Austroasiatic
66:
62:
58:
55:, mainly the
54:
50:
42:
36:
32:
27:
19:
4290:Dependencies
4220:Turkmenistan
4209:
4185:Saudi Arabia
3853:Architecture
3784:Martial arts
3705:Architecture
3619:
3596:Demographics
3584:Prostitution
3579:Lèse majesté
3425:Car industry
3418:Central bank
3276:Human rights
3249:Constitution
2708:Sino-Tibetan
2377:Austronesian
2345:Northern Tai
2174:
2118:. Retrieved
2115:Bangkok Post
2114:
2104:
2088:
2083:
2058:
2054:
2033:. Retrieved
2024:
2019:
1998:
1987:. Retrieved
1980:the original
1971:
1966:
1945:. Retrieved
1938:the original
1929:
1887:
1881:
1864:
1858:
1841:
1835:
1808:
1802:
1793:
1789:
1776:
1749:
1743:
1698:
1692:
1658:
1616:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1551:
1517:
1357:Central Thai
1321:
1320:
1317:
1181:Lahu (Muzur)
1091:- Kayo Karen
1061:- Pa-O Karen
1040:Central Thai
1031:- Kaya Karen
1000:- Sgaw Karen
972:Hmong (Meo)
952:
945:
938:
931:
924:
915:Austronesian
912:Sino-Tibetan
898:
897:
890:
654:Thai Indians
586:Central Thai
567:Sipsongpanna
554:
552:
548:
511:
506:
498:
492:
465:
458:Central Thai
451:
448:Post-war era
430:ethnocentric
419:
395:
348:
321:
290:
234:
225:Thai Chinese
142:
93:Austronesian
61:Northeastern
47:
26:
18:Thai peoples
4349:Asia portal
4250:States with
4170:Philippines
4110:South Korea
4105:North Korea
4000:Afghanistan
3902:Video games
3494:Measurement
3400:Agriculture
3153:Earthquakes
3092:Archaeology
3026:Tai peoples
2932:Luk khrueng
2887:Australians
2419:Urak Lawoi’
2414:Phuket Baba
2324:Khorat Thai
1796:(1): 49–85.
1568:|work=
1512:21,300,000
1501:32,888,000
1429:200,000 for
1238:Lamet (Lua)
1070:Thai Takbai
1046:- Bwe Karen
1016:- Pwo Karen
989:Mien (Yao)
918:Hmong-Mien
764:– c. 20,000
614:(primarily
514:hill tribes
503:Khorat Thai
473:during the
412:speakers).
396:As part of
313:hill tribes
124: [
85:hill tribes
53:Tai peoples
35:Thai people
4364:Categories
4230:Uzbekistan
4205:Tajikistan
4120:Kyrgyzstan
4100:Kazakhstan
4020:Bangladesh
4010:Azerbaijan
3762:Literature
3574:Corruption
3489:Inventions
3407:(currency)
3340:Parliament
3308:Ministries
3271:Government
3259:Commission
3158:Ecoregions
3076:since 2001
3016:Prehistory
3009:Chronology
2942:Pakistanis
2851:Hmong–Mien
2694:Vietnamese
2299:Tai Gapong
2061:: 81–105.
1989:2019-11-10
1625:References
1489:1,909,000
1483:16,103,000
1404:Vietnamese
1363:Kuy / Kuay
1352:1,400,000
1346:13,000,000
1280:Vietnamese
1220:Lao Khrang
1055:Thai Korat
1003:Urak Lawoi
980:Kuy / Kuay
824:– c. 2,000
816:Urak Lawoi
774:Vietnamese
672:Pakistanis
428:developed
309:Kham muang
265:Chiang Mai
245:Chao Praya
139:Background
109:Hmong-Mien
105:Urak Lawoi
4316:Hong Kong
4270:Palestine
4195:Sri Lanka
4190:Singapore
4070:Indonesia
3752:Festivals
3747:Etiquette
3700:Animation
3667:Squatting
3608:Education
3521:Transport
3440:Renewable
3328:Air Force
3293:Judiciary
3254:Elections
3203:Volcanoes
3188:Provinces
3178:Mountains
3133:Addresses
3121:Geography
3102:Education
3071:1973–2001
3066:1932–1973
2832:Cantonese
2827:Hainanese
2770:Phrae Pwo
2494:Palaungic
2289:Tai Daeng
2284:Tai Bueng
2254:Lao Wiang
2239:Lao Ngaew
2224:Lao Krang
2099:, pg. 157
2075:151587930
2035:8 October
1947:8 October
1873:219962047
1850:641158060
1827:260169407
1768:801280379
1725:cite book
1717:466390039
1685:159127015
1570:ignored (
1560:cite book
1393:combined
1385:Thai-Loei
1235:Lao Ngaew
1148:Bru (Kha)
1085:Thai Loei
939:11 Groups
932:22 groups
925:24 Groups
698:– 100,000
692:– 200,000
686:– 222,000
680:– 250,000
674:– 250,000
668:– 400,000
662:– 414,500
650:– 470,000
555:chao khao
305:Champasak
301:Vientiane
273:Ayutthaya
269:Sukhothai
203:peoples (
165:Northeast
149:Mon-Khmer
4339:Category
4260:Abkhazia
4210:Thailand
4165:Pakistan
4145:Mongolia
4140:Maldives
4135:Malaysia
4035:Cambodia
3937:Category
3779:Marriage
3757:Folklore
3727:Clothing
3662:Religion
3652:Language
3645:COVID-19
3630:Gambling
3625:Feminism
3564:Abortion
3536:Railways
3526:Airports
3335:Monarchy
3313:Military
3303:Localism
3227:Politics
3208:Wildlife
3107:Military
3097:Economic
3085:By topic
3021:Peopling
2993:articles
2989:Thailand
2922:Japanese
2917:Iranians
2907:Filipino
2897:Chin Haw
2581:Nyah Kur
2549:Northern
2331:Thai Yai
2319:Thai Noi
2314:Tai Wang
2274:Phu Thai
2264:Tai Yuan
2244:Lao Song
2234:Lao Loum
1906:54373362
1522:See also
1457:combined
1398:Phu Thai
1366:400,000
1338:Persons
1291:Lao Isan
1160:Phu Thai
1025:Tai Khun
953:2 Groups
946:3 Groups
794:– 10,000
788:– 11,000
782:– 17,000
776:– 17,662
770:– 20,000
758:– 25,000
752:– 40,000
746:– 40,000
740:– 48,000
734:– 50,000
728:– 50,000
722:– 70,000
716:– 70,000
714:Iranians
648:Phu Thai
559:northern
521:(10,000)
434:pan-Thai
408:(mainly
371:Phu Thai
277:Thonburi
261:Lan Xang
49:Thailand
4235:Vietnam
4150:Myanmar
4130:Lebanon
4060:Georgia
4015:Bahrain
4005:Armenia
3921:Outline
3831:Aquatic
3821:Symbols
3732:Cuisine
3692:Culture
3552:Society
3516:Tourism
3435:Nuclear
3388:Economy
3244:Cabinet
3193:Regions
3173:Islands
3148:Climate
3138:Borders
3001:History
2947:Swedish
2937:Nepalis
2927:Koreans
2912:Indians
2892:Burmese
2869:Iu Mien
2837:Hokchew
2817:Hokkien
2812:Teochew
2804:Sinitic
2553:Western
2522:Palaung
2309:Tai Nüa
2294:Tai Dam
2229:Lao Lom
2187:Kra–Dai
2120:26 July
1426:Kaleung
1421:10,000
1415:500,000
1407:20,000
1401:500,000
1380:70,000
1374:600,000
1360:800,000
1332:Persons
1277:Lao Lom
1166:Burmese
1121:Chinese
994:Tai Dam
960:Kaleung
870:) – 300
868:Negrito
834:Tai Dam
828:Nyahkur
818:– 3,000
812:– 4,000
804:Palaung
616:Teochew
612:Chinese
410:Teochew
391:Nyahkur
359:Tai Dam
332:Monthon
322:In the
249:Salween
237:Guangxi
197:Vietnam
189:Guizhou
117:Indians
113:Chinese
4280:Taiwan
4215:Turkey
4180:Russia
4115:Kuwait
4095:Jordan
4085:Israel
4045:Cyprus
4030:Brunei
4025:Bhutan
3942:Portal
3873:Flower
3863:Emblem
3848:Anthem
3826:Animal
3816:Sports
3767:Poetry
3722:Cinema
3715:Comics
3657:Racism
3635:Health
3601:People
3430:Energy
3357:Police
3350:Senate
3198:Rivers
2991:
2902:Farang
2775:Phunoi
2681:Vietic
2667:Kensiu
2662:Kintaq
2649:Aslian
2635:Sa'och
2617:Pearic
2595:Katuic
2460:Mlabri
2442:Khmuic
2409:Moklen
2304:Kaleun
2259:Tai Lu
2249:Lao Ti
2219:Lao Ga
2095:
2073:
2027:]
1974:]
1904:
1894:
1871:
1848:
1825:
1815:
1766:
1756:
1715:
1705:
1683:
1673:
1463:1,000
1449:1,500
1435:7,000
1249:Lao Ti
1115:Tai Ya
1100:Tai Lu
963:Kasong
858:Mlabri
852:Sa'och
732:Tai Ya
630:Malays
389:, and
369:, and
367:Khorat
257:Lan Na
247:, and
241:Mekong
155:, and
63:, and
33:, see
4321:Macau
4240:Yemen
4200:Syria
4175:Qatar
4155:Nepal
4090:Japan
4065:India
4055:Egypt
4040:China
3928:Index
3858:Deity
3794:Music
3789:Media
3774:Names
3742:Drama
3682:Women
3569:Crime
3413:Banks
3405:Baht
2859:Hmong
2822:Hakka
2790:Ugong
2785:S'gaw
2740:Kayah
2735:Karen
2657:Maniq
2630:Chong
2568:Monic
2544:Khmer
2536:Khmer
2507:Lamet
2502:Blang
2404:Moken
2399:Malay
2279:Phuan
2269:Nyong
2071:S2CID
2029:(PDF)
2023:[
1983:(PDF)
1976:(PDF)
1970:[
1941:(PDF)
1934:(PDF)
1786:(PDF)
1681:S2CID
1486:Total
1480:Total
1454:Phuan
1175:Phuan
1073:Samre
1043:Sa-oc
1028:Chong
840:Chong
822:Moken
690:Phuan
678:Hmong
642:Karen
636:Khmer
355:Phuan
336:Kedah
317:Karen
217:Burma
213:Karen
181:Hmong
173:Malay
128:]
101:Moken
97:Malay
89:Karen
4160:Oman
4125:Laos
4080:Iraq
4075:Iran
3880:Time
3868:Flag
3836:Bird
3736:wine
3472:NEEC
3462:CWEC
3323:Navy
3318:Army
3281:LGBT
2765:Pa'O
2755:Lolo
2750:Lisu
2745:Lahu
2730:Bisu
2725:Akha
2689:Aheu
2625:Pear
2512:Lawa
2470:Pray
2465:Phai
2450:Khmu
2394:Cham
2358:Nyaw
2353:Saek
2209:Khün
2204:Isan
2122:2018
2093:ISBN
2037:2016
1949:2016
1902:OCLC
1892:ISBN
1869:OCLC
1846:OCLC
1823:OCLC
1813:ISBN
1764:OCLC
1754:ISBN
1735:link
1731:link
1713:OCLC
1703:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1572:help
1418:Ngeu
1412:Nyaw
1304:Saek
1211:Akha
1196:Lisu
1190:Yong
1151:Bisu
1133:Nyeu
1010:Nyaw
997:Khmu
874:Lolo
864:Mani
846:Pear
810:Cham
798:Khun
792:Khmu
786:Saek
780:Lawa
768:Phai
762:Akha
744:Lisu
726:Nyaw
702:Shan
696:Lahu
598:Yuan
592:Isan
580:Tais
561:and
462:Isan
383:Khmu
377:and
357:and
221:Siam
219:and
209:Lahu
205:Akha
193:Laos
185:Mien
183:and
163:and
157:Lawa
153:Khmu
119:and
103:and
75:and
4292:and
3710:Art
3640:HIV
3477:SEC
3467:NEC
3457:EEC
3298:Law
2864:Yao
2780:Pwo
2760:Mpi
2603:Kuy
2576:Mon
2517:Mok
2480:Bru
2475:Tin
2455:Lua
2363:Yoy
2214:Lao
2177:by
2063:doi
1663:doi
1460:Mon
1440:Yoy
1390:Bru
1226:Mpi
1205:Yoy
1193:Mon
906:Tai
756:Bru
750:Yao
738:Lua
708:Lue
684:Lao
666:Kuy
660:Mon
387:Kuy
375:Yoy
195:or
177:Tai
77:Kuy
4366::
2113:.
2069:.
2059:19
2057:.
2045:^
2010:^
1957:^
1914:^
1900:.
1821:.
1794:84
1792:.
1788:.
1762:.
1727:}}
1723:{{
1711:.
1679:,
1669:,
1633:^
1564::
1562:}}
1558:{{
1377:So
1266:Wa
1103:So
720:Sô
385:,
379:So
319:.
243:,
207:,
151:,
130:.
126:th
115:,
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3738:)
3734:(
2981:e
2974:t
2967:v
2167:e
2160:t
2153:v
2124:.
2077:.
2065::
2039:.
1992:.
1951:.
1908:.
1875:.
1852:.
1829:.
1770:.
1737:)
1719:.
1665::
1574:)
866:(
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147:(
37:.
20:)
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