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also was very critical of the use of the Indian native in wilderness novels and was pleased that Cooper had returned to "his own element" of the Sea from the misuse of the Indian which he was prone to in other novels. However, the reviewer did note, the "indistinctness" which happens at the closing
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The two black characters, Scipio
Africanus, a free black sailor, and Cassandra, a slave attendant, throughout the novel remain distanced and separate from their white companions. While all the other main characters end the book with positive outcomes, Scipio finds a tragic end. Therman O'Daniel
143:"The annals of America are surprisingly poor in such events; a circumstance that is doubtless owing to the staid character of the people, and especially that portion of them which is addicted to navigation... invent his legend without looking for the smallest aid from traditions or facts."
81:. It was originally published in Paris on November 27, 1827, before being published in London three days later on November 30. It was not published in the United States until January 9, 1828, in Philadelphia. In the same year, it was translated and published in Germany under the name
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genre. For him, however, American history before his time hardly offered real maritime tradition to seize in his historical fiction; instead he innovated, writing purely fictional pieces, unlike his novels about other events in
American history.
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The novel follows the activities of the sailor Dick Fid, free black sailor Scipio
Africanus and Royal Navy officer James Wilder as they encounter the famous pirate, "The Red Rover". A contemporary reviewer in the
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in New York, however no other evidence exists of it. Subsequently, these early
American adaptations were performed another four times before 1862, the evidence is clear which was performed at each performance.
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For Cooper, the sea novel offered an opportunity to blur social barriers between characters. This is particularly evident in his treatment of women, such as a girl disguised as a cabin boy in
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who is able to function within the crew, even though she is female. Additionally, throughout the novel, a tight friendship exists between Scipio
Africanus, fellow sailor Dick Fid, and a
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suggests, that though these are some of the first black characters to be seriously treated in
American literature, they still receive unsatisfactory outcomes for all their actions.
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At the same time as
American adaptations were being performed, four adaptations were being performed in England. These all made debuts in 1829 at various theaters: one at the
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177:. The adaptation was published in 1828 – or possibly later – by a publisher in Philadelphia. On May 1, 1828, a second adaptation of the novel was performed in the
103:, the sea being his more natural element than what the author calls wilderness novels which focused on an Indian introducing a white man to the wilderness, like
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commented "he has, in this instance, done more and better things for his name, than upon any former occasion", also comparing the text and style to that of
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officer whom they befriend after saving his life. Though the two men treat him like an officer, deferring to him with respect, they still remain friendly.
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181:, New York. It was performed multiple times, documented to have had multiple successful runs. A third play is mentioned to have been performed in the
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Cooper, The Red Rover. Darley edition (New York: D. Appleton, 1892), preface, 7 quoted in
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presents some of the first serious depictions of characters of
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275:. Paris: Printed for Hector Bossange, quai Voltaire, Nº 11. Bobée et Hingray.—Baudry.—Galignani.
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Manning, Susan (Aug 1993). "Review of Red Rover and Notions of the Americans".
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O'Daniel, Therman B. (Second Quarter 1947). "Cooper's Treatment of the Negro".
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The Red Rover, a Tale. By the Author of The Pilot, etc., etc. In Three Volumes
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James Fenimore Cooper and the Development of American Sea Fiction
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Cooper is one of the authors credited with helping pioneer the
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Gordan, John D. (Mar 1938). "The Red Rover Takes the Boards".
372:"Images of the Sailor in the Novels of James Fenimore Cooper"
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The History of the Navy of the United States of America
564:(60). University of Northern Iowa: 139–154. Jul 1828.
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682:Autobiography of a Pocket-Handkerchief
822:The Spy: A Tale of the Neutral Ground
313:, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1828.
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956:New York: or The Towns of Manhattan
535:(1). Duke University Press: 66–75.
311:Translated by Gottfried Friedenberg
58:1827 (Paris), 1827 (UK), 1828 (US)
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643:The Pathfinder, or The Inland Sea
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1027:Gleanings in Europe: Switzerland
370:Langley, Harold D. (Fall 1997).
1128:Novels by James Fenimore Cooper
1034:Gleanings in Europe: The Rhine
738:Jack Tier, or the Florida Reef
201:, London, and the last in the
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921:The Chronicles of Cooperstown
498:The Review of English Studies
1055:Gleanings in Europe: England
780:The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea
1048:Gleanings in Europe: France
995:Letter to General Lafayette
410:. Harvard University Press.
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1062:Gleanings in Europe: Italy
1002:A Letter to His Countrymen
402:Philbrick, Thomas (1961).
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148:-Cooper in the preface of
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558:The North American Review
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963:Notions of the Americans
636:The Last of the Mohicans
106:The Last of the Mohicans
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556:"Review of Red Rover".
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618:Leatherstocking Tales
609:James Fenimore Cooper
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472:North American Review
460:North American Review
269:James Fenimore Cooper
228:North American Review
191:Royal Cobourg Theatre
165:Theatrical adaptation
92:North American Review
79:James Fenimore Cooper
41:James Fenimore Cooper
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657:The Prairie
521:Works cited
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787:Precaution
703:The Crater
308:Red Rover.
255:References
131:Royal Navy
117:Characters
97:sea novels
1094:Wikiquote
949:Ned Myers
864:Wyandotté
808:Satanstoe
689:The Bravo
607:Works by
438:Gordan 70
322:Gordan 66
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150:Red Rover
83:Red Rover
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239:. The
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277:OCLC
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