276:, which prohibited "discrimination on the basis of age in programs and activities receiving Federal financial assistance", or excluding, denying or providing different or lesser services on the basis of age. The ensuing political interest and debate over the Act's 1978 amendments, which abolished mandatory retirement at age 65, made the issues of aging a major
678:" section. Described as an âintricate exploration in how the execution of detailed thought can create a living environment that serves the young and old alike, across generationsâ, the study includes plans for the room layout, kitchen, laundry, master bath, adjustable-height vanity, and roll-in shower.
140:
Within each situation, consumers expect products and services to fulfill and enhance their lifestyle, both physically and symbolically. Transgenerational design focuses on serving their needs through what Cagan and Vogel call "a value oriented product development process". They note that a product is
565:
addressed the issue of âResponsible Designâ and introduced the transgenerational design concept in the article, âTransgenerational Design: A Strategy Whose Time Has
Arrivedâ. The article presented a description, the rationale, and examples of early transgenerational products, and offered âinsights
705:
Discussions between designers and marketers are indicating that successful transgenerational design ârequires the right balance of upfront research work, solid human factors analysis, extensive design exploration, testing and a lot of thought to get it rightâ, and that âtransgenerational design is
684:
The proliferation of transgenerational design has diminished the tendency to associate age and disability with deficit, decline and incompetence by providing a market-aware response to population aging and the need for living and work environments used by young and old people living and working in
554:
kitchen tools to the U.S. Market. âThese ergonomically-designed, transgenerational tools set a new standard for the industry and raised the bar to consumer expectation for comfort and performanceâ. Sam Farber, OXOs founder, stated that âpopulation trends demand transgenerational products, products
576:
The
Magazineââ exposed the transgenerational design concept to the readers in a featured article, âThis Bold Houseâ, describing the concept, details, and benefits of a transgenerational house. The article noted that âeasy-grip handles, flat thresholds, and adjustable-height vanities are just the
489:
The project produced and published two instructional manualsâone for instructors and one for design professionalsâeach containing a detailed set of "design guidelines and strategies for designing transgenerationalproducts". Under terms of the grant, instructional manuals were distributed to all
602:(Pirkl 1994), may be regarded as the prime mover of the widespread acceptance and practice of the transgenerational design concept. It presented the first specialized content and photographic examples of transgenerational products and environments, offering âpractical strategies in response to
212:
Transgenerational design addresses each element and accommodates the userâregardless of age or abilityâby providing a sympathetic fit and unencumbered ease of use. Such designs provide greater accessibility by offering wider options and more choices, thereby preserving and extending one's
75:
The transgenerational design concept establishes a common ground for those who are committed to integrating age and ability within the consumer population. Its underlying principle is that people, including those who are aged or impaired, have an equal right to live in a unified society.
661:âThe Transgenerational House: A Case Study in Accessible Design and Constructionâ was presented in June at ââDesigning for the 21st Century: An International Conference on Universal Designââ, held at the Rhode Island College of Art and Design, Providence, RI.
510:
Company in its annual report, which stated, "The trend towards transgenerational design seems to be catching on in some fields", noting that âtransgenerational design has the added advantage of circumventing the stigmatizing label of being âoldâ
156:
Transgenerational design is "framed as a market-aware response to population aging that fulfills the need for products and environments that can be used by both young and old people living and working in the same environment".
66:
professionals and design students about the realities of human aging; and offered a useful set of guidelines and strategies for designing products that accommodate the changing needs of people of all ages and abilities.
689:
Continuing to emerge as a growing strategy for developing products, services and environments that accommodate people of all ages and abilities, "transgenerational design has been adopted by major corporations, like
540:(for) coping with the needs of an aging population and its strategyâ, stating that âthe impact will soon be felt by all global institutionsâ and âalter the present course of industrial design practice and educationâ.
57:
of those who would use themâthe young, the old, the able, the disabledâwithout penalty to any group. The transgenerational design concept emerged from his federally funded design-for-aging research project,
529:. The proceedings focused âon current efforts to address the impact of technology and an aging population, identification of high impact issues and problems, innovative ideas, and potential solutionsâ.
580:
In
November, the transgenerational design concept was introduced in presentations to the European design community at the international symposiums, âDesigning for Our Future Selvesâ, held at the
610:
communities, broadening the conventional idea of âenvironmental supportâ to include the product environment, sparking scholarly discussions and comparisons with other emerging concepts: (
606:, along with case study examples based on applying a better understanding of age-related capabilitiesâ. It introduced the transgenerational design concept to the international design and
706:
applicable to any consumer products companyâfrom appliance manufacturers to electronics companies, furniture makers, kitchen and bath and mainstream consumer products companiesâ.
702:â who are âlooking at product development the same way as designing products for people with visual, hearing and physical impairments,â so that people of any age can use them.
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that will be useful to you throughout the course of your lifeâ because âit extends the life of a product and its materials by anticipating the whole experience of the userâ.
491:
2775:
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141:"deemed of value to a customer if it offers a strong effect on lifestyle, enabling features, and meaningful ergonomics" resulting in products that are "
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Transgenerational design benefits all ages and abilities by creating a harmonious bond between products and the people that use them. It satisfies the
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beginning in the worldâs most accessible house,â providing families of all ages and abilities with âwhat they will want and need their whole livesâ.
522:
628:
The transgenerational design concept was presented at the first of the ââInternational Guest
Lecture Series by World Expertsââ, sponsored by the
451:
aspects established the project's instructional focus and categorized the physiological aspects of aging as the sensory and physical factors of
372:
signed an agreement to improve building, landscape, product and graphic design for older
Americans, which included new research applications for
353:
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961:
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Responding to the public's growing awareness, the media, public policy, and some institutions began to recognize the impending implications.
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839:"Grant No. 90AT0182, Administration Office of Human Development Services, Department of Health and Human Services". Washington, DC. 1987.
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95:. But most injuries, impairments and disabilities typically occur more frequently as one grows older and experiences the effects of
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87:, people normally experience occurrences of illness, accidents and declines in physical and sensory abilities that impair one's
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that recognized the potential for making products easier to use by the elderly, and therefore more appealing and profitable.
273:
62:. The project's two seminal 1988 publications provided detailed information about the aging process; informed and sensitized
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2422:
1945:
1522:
1512:
733:
1078:
Pirkl, James J. (1987). "Transgenerational Design: An
Instructional Project to Prepare Industrial Design Professionals".
811:
Guidelines and
Strategies for Designing Transgenerational Products: A resource manual for industrial design professionals
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2658:
2380:
2220:
1655:
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588:
547:
1972:
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problem of the sick, poor, and senile, whose solutions depend on public policyâto the emerging reality of an active
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and commonly referred to as the âarchitects bibleâ, presented a âTransgenerational Houseâ case study in its "
99:(biological aging). Four facts clarify the interrelationship of age with physical and sensory vulnerability:
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The term âtransgenerational designâ first appears to have been publicly recognized and acknowledged by the
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346:(Dow Jones & Co., Inc.) devoted its Fall 1982 issue entirely to articles on the aging work force. A
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27:
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is a continuous, dynamic process that starts at birth and ends with death, and that throughout the
46:
980:
Clarkson, John; Roger
Coleman; Simeon Keates; Cherie Lebbon (2003). "From margins to mainstream".
467:. This interrelationship was translated into a series of reference tables, which related specific
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Pirkl, James J. (1989). "Transgenerational Design: Providing
Products for People of All Ages".
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The results of the 1987 Federal grant project were first presented at the national conference,
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Pirkl, James J. (1991). "Transgenerational Design: A Design
Strategy Whose Time Has Arrived".
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985:
957:
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632:(DAN) held consecutively at five international symposiums, âDesigning for Our Future Selvesâ:
413:
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devoted cover stories to the "Greying of America". Local radio stations began replacing their
63:
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357:, initiated a major examination of the impact of science and technology on older Americansâ.
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At the start of the 1980s, the oldest members of the population, having matured during the
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Guidelines and Strategies for Designing Transgenerational Products: An Instructor's Manual
857:
718:
619:
328:
214:
898:
Forward to: Transgenerational Design: Products for an Aging Population, by James J. Pirkl
272:
and earlier barrier-free concepts. In contrast, transgenerational design grew out of the
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Transgenerational design emerged during the mid-1980s coincident with the conception of
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Coleman, Roger; Clarkson, John; Dong, Hua; Cassim, Julia (2012). Cooper, Rachel (ed.).
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and approaching the threshold of retirement. Their swelling numbers signaled profound
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enabling one to choose the appropriate means to accomplish activities of daily living
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408:. The year-long project, supported by a Federal grant, joined the knowledge base of
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factors of aging, and were included in the resulting set of design guidelines to:
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industrial design professor James J. Pirkl to describe and identify products and
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1140:. Vol. 203. Japan Industrial Design Promotion Organization. pp. 26â29.
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533:
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Design for Inclusivity: A Practical Guide to Accessibility, Innovation and User
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153:" during both short and long term use by people of all ages and abilities.
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1136:
Pirkl, James J. (1989). "Transgenerational Design: a Global Challenge".
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312:
186:
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on the rationale and benefits of such a transgenerational approachâ.
177:
factors desiredâand anticipatedâby users of all ages and abilities:
280:
concern by injecting it into the mainstream of societal awareness.
1397:
1080:
Innovation: Journal of the Industrial Designers Society of America
1061:
Innovation: Journal of the Industrial Designers Society of America
699:
691:
485:
accommodate the changing needs of our transgenerational population
80:
406:
Industrial Design Accommodations: A Transgenerational Perspective
311:
Advancements in medical research were also changing the image of
60:
Industrial design Accommodations: A Transgenerational Perspective
2437:
1115:. Lake Buena Vista, Fl: University of Wisconsin-Stout: 115â118.
573:
3205:
2890:
2593:
2038:
1365:
1309:
1199:
Luscombe, Belinda (SeptemberâOctober 1993). "This Bold House".
536:, the Japanese design magazine, introduced âthe new concept of
3201:
519:
Exploration: Technological Innovations for an Aging Population
479:
sensitize designers and design students to the aging process
404:
initiated and collaborated on an interdisciplinary project,
16:
Making products and environments compatible with human aging
1217:(11 ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. 2007. pp. 889â893.
1059:
Bellows, Neal S. (1987). "Profiling the Elderly Consumer".
919:
917:
769:
Transgenerational Design: Products for an Aging Population
600:
Transgenerational Design: Products for an Aging Population
482:
provide them with appropriate knowledge about this process
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1050:
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947:
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academic programs of industrial design recognized by the
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973:
804:
802:
800:
243:
responding to the widest range of individual differences
79:
Transgenerational design practice recognizes that human
342:
formats with music targeted to more mature tastes. The
794:"An inventory of his papers at Syracuse University".
1100:. New York: Bristol-Myers Company. 1988. p. 25.
834:
832:
830:
443:
concerns". The strong interrelationship between the
348:
National Research Conference on Technology and Aging
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2827:
2786:
2729:
2619:
1871:
1790:
1706:
1614:
1496:
1376:
419:The project defined "the three aspects of aging as
900:. New York: Van Nostrand Nostrand. pp. viii.
217:for all ages and abilitiesâat no group's expense.
37:associated with human aging and which limit major
1113:Technological Innovations for an Aging Population
982:Inclusive Design: Design for the Whole Population
492:National Association of Schools of Art and Design
431:; and divided the designerâs responsibility into
323:having vigor, resources, and time to apply both.
1031:"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services"
956:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press. p. 34.
249:adapting to changing sensory and physical needs
809:Pirkl, James J.; Babic, Anna L., eds. (1988).
3217:
1321:
304:changes ahead that would steadily expand the
240:bridging the transitions across life's stages
8:
368:, the Farmer's Home Administration, and the
246:helping people remain active and independent
53:that accommodate, and appeal to, the widest
1282:Tom Feeheley; Matthew Bacon; Eric Nichols.
1271:. University at Buffalo Alumni Association.
1005:F. Kohlbacher and C. Herstatt, ed. (2008).
370:Department of Housing and Urban Development
3287:
3224:
3210:
3202:
2887:
2616:
2590:
2035:
1373:
1362:
1328:
1314:
1306:
1138:Design News: Magazine of Industrial Design
352:Office of Technological Assessment of the
252:maintaining one's dignity and self-respect
550:company introduced the first group of 15
447:aspects of aging and industrial design's
384:In 1987, recognizing the implications of
292:, were being replaced by a generation of
2845:Good Design Award (Museum of Modern Art)
952:Cagan, Jonathan; Craig M. Vogel (2007).
813:. Copley Publishing Group. p. 113.
1203:. Washington, DC: AARP. pp. 46â52.
924:Pirkl, James J.; Anna L. Babic (1988).
760:
523:American Association of Retired Persons
1242:. Grower Publishing, Ltd. p. 29.
1009:. Berlin: Springer. pp. 141â155.
853:
842:
2850:Good Design Award (Chicago Athenaeum)
7:
1098:Special Report: America Comes of Age
402:Center for Instructional Development
30:compatible with those physical and
2794:American Institute of Graphic Arts
653:National College of Art and Design
638:Eindhoven University of Technology
412:with the professional practice of
14:
2804:Design and Industries Association
1168:Entrepreneur Sam Farber on Design
872:"Trans/Multi-Generational Design"
630:European Design for Aging Network
572:The SeptemberâOctober issue of ââ
398:All-University Gerontology Center
3575:StraussâHowe generational theory
1263:LoTempio, Susan M. (Fall 2008).
984:. London: Springer. p. 17.
771:. New York: Van Nostrand. p. 25
672:American Institute of Architects
651:, Helsinki, November 23â25; and
213:independence, and enhancing the
1215:Architectural Graphic Standards
668:Architectural Graphic Standards
362:National Endowment for the Arts
2799:Chartered Society of Designers
1007:A Heart Transplant for Housing
954:Creating Breakthrough Products
274:Age Discrimination Act of 1975
1:
2870:Prince Philip Designers Prize
1513:Architectural lighting design
734:Inclusion (disability rights)
640:, Eindhoven, November 16â19;
2676:Electronic design automation
2659:Virtual home design software
1631:Automotive suspension design
649:University of Art and Design
644:Netherlands Design Institute
589:Netherlands Design Institute
1535:Environmental impact design
527:National Institute on Aging
521:, supported in part by the
3660:
2814:International Forum Design
2184:Engineering design process
729:Disability rights movement
647:, Amsterdam, November 21;
270:disability rights movement
220:Transgenerational designs
39:activities of daily living
22:is the practice of making
3149:
2897:
2886:
2615:
2589:
2045:
2034:
1936:Integrated circuit design
1858:Stage/set lighting design
1747:Hardware interface design
1663:Hardware interface design
1372:
1361:
1343:
1186:Design Management Journal
896:Pulos, Arthur J. (1994).
655:, Dublin, November 26â29.
563:Design Management Journal
3585:Transgenerational design
3517:Revolutionary generation
3414:Generation of Columbuses
2771:Industrial design rights
2759:Fashion design copyright
2671:Design quality indicator
2120:Creative problem-solving
1911:Electrical system design
1767:Sonic interaction design
1678:Photographic lens design
1552:Healthy community design
1288:Transgenerational Design
767:Pirkl, James J. (1994).
636:, London, November 15;
538:transgenerational design
354:House of Representatives
43:transgenerational design
20:Transgenerational design
3607:The Greatest Generation
3538:Generational accounting
2967:New product development
2932:Enterprise architecture
2860:IF Product Design Award
2819:Design Research Society
2371:Reliability engineering
928:. Copley. p. 110.
790:"James J. Pirkl Papers"
366:Administration on Aging
45:was coined in 1986, by
3300:Interbellum Generation
2423:Top-down and bottom-up
1772:User experience design
1673:Packaging and labeling
1646:Electric guitar design
1584:Landscape architecture
1265:"Need help with that?"
852:Cite journal requires
561:The Fall issue of the
308:throughout the world.
268:, an outgrowth of the
3580:Theory of generations
3512:Immigrant generations
3464:Strawberry generation
2952:Innovation management
2835:European Design Award
2601:Intellectual property
2418:Theory of constraints
2381:Responsibility-driven
2221:For manufacturability
2125:Creativity techniques
1963:Nuclear weapon design
1777:User interface design
1641:Corrugated box design
1562:Interior architecture
685:the same environment.
3548:Intergenerationality
3331:Boomerang Generation
3240:In the Western world
2997:Unintelligent design
2977:Philosophy of design
2691:Design specification
2644:Comprehensive layout
2216:For behaviour change
2189:Probabilistic design
1951:Power network design
1488:Visual merchandising
1445:Instructional design
1423:Postage stamp design
634:Royal College of Art
583:Royal College of Art
394:Department of Design
296:, steadily reaching
3252:Greatest Generation
2917:Creative industries
2840:German Design Award
2749:Design infringement
2634:Architectural model
1973:Organization design
1968:Nucleic acid design
1916:Experimental design
1469:Traffic sign design
1284:"Motiv in the news"
1188:. Vo. 2 (4): 55â60.
670:, published by the
390:Syracuse University
236:. They do this by:
47:Syracuse University
3507:Future generations
3439:Merdeka Generation
3434:Pioneer Generation
2982:Process simulation
2957:Intelligent design
2281:Intelligence-based
2276:Integrated topside
2206:Framework-oriented
1891:Behavioural design
1762:Information design
1440:Information design
614:, design for all,
586:in London and the
124:people can become
115:people can become
3639:Industrial design
3626:
3625:
3404:Satori generation
3349:
3348:
3257:Silent Generation
3199:
3198:
3145:
3144:
2912:Conceptual design
2882:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2865:James Dyson Award
2721:Website wireframe
2711:Technical drawing
2585:
2584:
2433:Transgenerational
2174:Ecological design
2050:Activity-centered
2030:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2008:Spacecraft design
1802:Public art design
1740:Video game design
1718:Experience design
1688:Production design
1668:Motorcycle design
1626:Automotive design
1530:Ecological design
1408:Film title design
1224:978-0-471-70091-3
1201:AARP the Magazine
1165:Lawrence, Peter,
1016:978-3-540-75330-8
991:978-1-85233-700-1
963:978-0-13-969694-7
715:Ageless computing
414:industrial design
64:industrial design
3651:
3454:Sampo generation
3394:Burnt Generation
3384:HusĂĄk's Children
3354:Country-specific
3305:Generation Jones
3288:
3282:Generation Alpha
3226:
3219:
3212:
3203:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3156:
2888:
2765:Geschmacksmuster
2739:Community design
2617:
2591:
2351:Process-centered
2147:Designâbidâbuild
2115:Cradle-to-cradle
2095:Concept-oriented
2036:
2013:Strategic design
1983:Processor design
1958:Mechanism design
1926:Geometric design
1886:Algorithm design
1826:Jewellery design
1757:Immersive design
1651:Furniture design
1596:Landscape design
1374:
1363:
1330:
1323:
1316:
1307:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1056:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1033:. 14 August 2007
1027:
1021:
1020:
1002:
996:
995:
977:
968:
967:
949:
940:
939:
921:
912:
911:
893:
887:
886:
884:
882:
868:
862:
861:
855:
850:
848:
840:
836:
825:
824:
806:
795:
793:
786:
780:
765:
744:Sensory friendly
739:Inclusive design
724:Development plan
676:Inclusive Design
616:inclusive design
612:universal design
604:population aging
386:population aging
344:Collegiate Forum
321:aging population
306:aging population
290:Great Depression
266:universal design
3659:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3622:
3601:Beat Generation
3589:
3521:
3495:
3380:Czechoslovakia
3345:
3319:
3286:
3247:Lost Generation
3235:
3230:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3141:
2942:Futures studies
2893:
2874:
2823:
2782:
2731:
2725:
2611:
2610:
2581:
2487:Value sensitive
2477:User innovation
2356:Public interest
2321:Object-oriented
2041:
2022:
2003:Software design
1993:Research design
1946:Physical design
1901:Database design
1875:
1873:
1867:
1843:Property design
1838:Game art design
1792:
1786:
1709:
1702:
1617:
1610:
1567:Interior design
1518:Building design
1499:
1492:
1379:
1368:
1357:
1339:
1334:
1304:
1303:
1293:
1291:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1250:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1058:
1057:
1046:
1036:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1017:
1004:
1003:
999:
992:
979:
978:
971:
964:
951:
950:
943:
936:
923:
922:
915:
908:
895:
894:
890:
880:
878:
870:
869:
865:
851:
841:
838:
837:
828:
821:
808:
807:
798:
788:
787:
783:
766:
762:
757:
719:Curb cut effect
712:
620:gerontechnology
525:(AARP) and the
500:
382:
286:
262:
215:quality of life
163:
73:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3657:
3655:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3631:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3615:
3613:Digital divide
3610:
3603:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3533:Generation gap
3529:
3527:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3470:United States
3468:
3467:
3466:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3449:386 Generation
3443:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3341:MTV Generation
3338:
3333:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3296:
3294:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3221:
3214:
3206:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3158:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3010:
3009:
3007:Wicked problem
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:Related topics
2891:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2809:Design Council
2806:
2801:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2776:European Union
2768:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2735:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2462:
2457:
2455:Usage-centered
2452:
2451:
2450:
2448:Design for All
2440:
2435:
2430:
2428:Transformation
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2376:Research-based
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2341:Platform-based
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2291:KISS principle
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2201:Fault-tolerant
2198:
2196:Error-tolerant
2193:
2192:
2191:
2181:
2179:Energy neutral
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2135:Design fiction
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2018:Systems design
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1988:Protein design
1985:
1980:
1978:Process design
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1941:Circuit design
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1882:
1880:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1863:Textile design
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1821:Costume design
1816:Fashion design
1813:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1714:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1698:Service design
1695:
1693:Sensory design
1690:
1685:
1683:Product design
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1620:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1603:
1601:Spatial design
1598:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1581:
1579:Keyline design
1576:
1575:
1574:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1545:Computer-aided
1537:
1532:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1515:
1510:
1504:
1502:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1413:Graphic design
1410:
1405:
1403:Exhibit design
1400:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1382:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1310:
1302:
1301:
1274:
1255:
1249:978-1409458111
1248:
1230:
1223:
1206:
1191:
1176:
1157:
1143:
1128:
1121:
1103:
1089:
1070:
1067:(Summer): 6â7.
1044:
1022:
1015:
997:
990:
969:
962:
941:
934:
913:
906:
888:
863:
854:|journal=
826:
819:
796:
781:
759:
758:
756:
753:
752:
751:
749:Urban planning
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
708:
687:
686:
679:
662:
656:
623:
593:
578:
567:
556:
541:
530:
512:
499:
496:
487:
486:
483:
480:
381:
378:
285:
282:
261:
258:
257:
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
210:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
162:
159:
138:
137:
133:people become
128:
119:
110:
106:people become
72:
69:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3656:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3543:Generationism
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3490:
3489:9X Generation
3487:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3336:Me generation
3334:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3227:
3222:
3220:
3215:
3213:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3192:
3187:
3185:
3180:
3178:
3173:
3171:
3166:
3164:
3159:
3157:
3152:
3151:
3148:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3122:specification
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3035:architectural
3033:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3002:Visualization
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2922:Cultural icon
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2889:
2885:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2787:Organizations
2785:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:Design patent
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2744:Design around
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2606:
2604:Organizations
2603:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2465:User-centered
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2413:Tableless web
2411:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:Participatory
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2226:For Six Sigma
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2169:Domain-driven
2167:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2157:architect-led
2155:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2100:Configuration
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
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3277:Generation Z
3267:Generation X
3262:Baby boomers
2992:STEAM fields
2962:Lean startup
2947:Indie design
2763:
2730:Intellectual
2482:Value-driven
2460:Use-centered
2432:
2366:Regenerative
2346:Policy-based
2306:Mind mapping
2211:For assembly
2152:Designâbuild
2070:By committee
2055:Adaptive web
1853:Sound design
1811:glass design
1809: /
1794:applied arts
1735:Level design
1606:Urban design
1557:Hotel design
1508:Architecture
1483:Video design
1476: /
1467: /
1435:Illustration
1428:Print design
1398:Brand design
1292:. Retrieved
1287:
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1152:"Good Grips"
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879:. Retrieved
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845:cite journal
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425:sociological
418:
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333:
327:
325:
310:
294:Baby Boomers
287:
263:
232:rather than
226:discriminate
224:rather than
219:
211:
175:sociological
164:
155:
150:
146:
142:
139:
134:
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103:
89:independence
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28:environments
19:
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3563:Shared site
3474:Millennials
3315:Zillennials
3272:Millennials
3233:Generations
3030:competition
2987:Slow design
2937:Form factor
2907:Concept art
2716:HTML editor
2396:Sustainable
2231:For testing
2075:By contract
1931:Work design
1906:Drug design
1878:engineering
1752:Icon design
1730:Game design
1708:Interaction
1656:Sustainable
1589:Sustainable
1478:Type design
1455:Photography
1450:News design
1393:Book design
1388:Advertising
1367:Disciplines
881:14 November
608:gerontology
534:Design News
410:gerontology
380:Development
302:demographic
222:accommodate
192:Convenience
41:. The term
35:impairments
3633:Categories
3430:Singapore
3190:Wiktionary
3183:Wikisource
3137:technology
3107:principles
2706:Storyboard
2532:management
2527:leadership
2492:Privacy by
2331:Parametric
2301:Metadesign
2271:Integrated
2261:High-level
2246:Generative
2241:Functional
2110:Continuous
2105:Contextual
2080:C-K theory
2040:Approaches
1782:Web design
1636:CMF design
1616:Industrial
1474:Typography
820:0874112303
755:References
598:The book,
552:Good Grips
498:Chronology
449:humanistic
441:humanistic
350:, and the
298:middle age
284:Background
234:stigmatize
230:sympathize
202:Ergonomics
97:senescence
3618:OK boomer
3176:Wikiquote
3162:Wikibooks
3112:rationale
3077:knowledge
3052:education
2972:OODA loop
2696:Prototype
2681:Flowchart
2639:Blueprint
2507:computing
2443:Universal
2391:Safe-life
2296:Low-level
2286:Iterative
2266:Inclusive
2251:Geodesign
2142:Defensive
2090:Co-design
2060:Affective
696:Microsoft
494:(NASAD).
433:aesthetic
197:Usability
151:desirable
93:lifestyle
3568:Struggle
3526:Concepts
3485:Vietnam
3424:DecreČei
3420:Romania
3374:Post-90s
3369:Post-80s
3364:Post-70s
3310:Xennials
3169:Wikinews
3102:paradigm
3082:language
3062:engineer
3057:elements
3047:director
2732:property
2577:thinking
2567:strategy
2552:research
2512:controls
2470:Empathic
2401:Systemic
2361:Rational
2316:New Wave
2130:Critical
1353:Designer
1294:3 August
710:See also
469:physical
465:movement
335:Newsweek
315:âfrom a
161:Benefits
131:disabled
126:disabled
117:disabled
71:Overview
55:spectrum
24:products
3594:Related
3460:Taiwan
3410:Poland
3324:Related
3292:Cuspers
3155:Commons
3127:studies
3072:history
3040:student
3025:classic
3013:Design
2927:.design
2855:Graphex
2557:science
2547:pattern
2542:methods
2517:culture
2500:Design
2311:Modular
2164:Diffuse
2085:Closure
1807:Ceramic
1465:Signage
1348:Outline
1290:. Motiv
1269:UBtoday
1037:May 21,
876:Legacy3
473:sensory
457:hearing
374:old age
313:old age
260:History
187:Comfort
32:sensory
3644:Ageing
3558:Policy
3553:Equity
3400:Japan
3360:China
3132:studio
3117:review
3097:museum
3020:change
2828:Awards
2701:Sketch
2686:Mockup
2666:CAutoD
2607:Awards
2572:theory
2562:sprint
2537:marker
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1710:design
1618:design
1500:design
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1380:design
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317:social
182:Safety
173:, and
149:, and
147:usable
143:useful
3500:Types
3390:Iran
3015:brief
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2621:Tools
2598:Tools
2236:For X
1872:Other
1791:Other
1172:(PDF)
700:Kodak
692:Intel
682:2012:
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626:1995:
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515:1989:
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104:young
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3092:load
3087:life
3067:firm
2654:CAID
2522:flow
2438:TRIZ
2326:Open
1296:2013
1244:ISBN
1219:ISBN
1117:ISBN
1039:2012
1011:ISBN
986:ISBN
958:ISBN
930:ISBN
902:ISBN
883:2014
858:help
815:ISBN
773:ISBN
698:and
642:The
574:AARP
546:The
471:and
332:and
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228:and
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392:âs
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135:old
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