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496:. The work started in October 2020 and was expected to cost £10.5 million and take around 18 months. The chains were cut in March 2021 and the restored bridge was due to re-open in early 2022. In August 2022, the bridge was reported as being "almost complete" and it was reopened on 17 April 2023. Shortly after its restoration, in July 2023, the bridge was designated as a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the
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The bridge, which has its western end in
Scotland and its eastern end in England, was built with a single span of 449 feet (137 m). There is a sandstone pier on the Scottish side, while the English side has a sandstone tower built into the side of the river bluffs that supports the bridges
315:
did not open until 1888.) The Tweed was forded in the vicinity of the bridge site, but the route was impassable during periods of high water. The
Berwick and North Durham Turnpike Trust took on responsibility for improving matters by issuing a specification for a bridge.
453:
In addition to the 1902 addition of cables, the bridge has been strengthened and refurbished on many occasions. The bridge deck was substantially renewed in 1871, and again in 1974, with the chains reinforced at intervals throughout its life.
366:. Brown left the Navy in 1812, and in 1813 he built a prototype suspension bridge of 105 feet (32 m) span, using 296 stone (1,880 kg) of iron. It was sufficiently strong to support a carriage, and
1746:
470:
The bridge was closed to motor vehicles for several months during 2007 due to one of the bridge hangers breaking. In
December 2008 the bridge was closed to traffic as a result of a landslide.
807:"Union Chain Bridge River Tweed: Union Chain Bridge River Tweed Proposed Conservation & Structural Repairs Heritage, Design & Access Statement for replacement deck surface material"
488:
agreed to contribute £550,000 each towards a restoration project that was then expected to cost £5 million. Between then and August 2020 further pledges were made by both councils, the
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towing twelve carts before a crowd of about 700 spectators crossed. Until 1885, tolls were charged for crossing the bridge; the toll cottage on the
English side was demolished in 1955.
389:, but this bridge was not built. It is not known why Brown became involved with the Union Bridge project, but agreed to take on the work based on a specification dated September 1818.
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chains. It is this configuration as to why the
Scottish side has a straight approach road but across the river, the road turns sharply south due to the river bank's steep sides.
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Before the opening of the Union Bridge, crossing the river at this point involved an 11-mile (18 km) round trip via
Berwick downstream or a 20-mile (32 km) trip via
1741:
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477:'s Heritage at Risk register. In October 2014, local enthusiasts and activists started a campaign to have the bridge fully restored in time for its bicentenary in 2020.
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was fitted with iron rigging in 1806, and in a test voyage proved successful enough that in 1808, with his cousin Samuel Lenox, he set up a company that would become
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suspension bridge in the world with a span of 449 feet (137 m), and the first vehicular bridge of its type in the United
Kingdom. Although work started on the
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tolls in 1883, maintenance of the bridge passed to the Tweed
Bridges Trust. When the Trust was wound up the bridge became the responsibility of
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In March 2013 there was a proposal to close the bridge because there was a lack of funds to maintain it. In 2013, the bridge was placed on
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It opened on 26 July 1820, with an opening ceremony attended by the celebrated
Scottish civil engineer
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Brown took out a patent in 1816 for a method of manufacturing chains, followed by a patent titled
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544:"Union Suspension Bridge (that part in Scotland) (Category A Listed Building) (LB13645)"
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As a safety precaution, some of the 200-year-old chain links have required temporary hangers.
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in July 1817. In around 1817, Brown proposed a 1,000 feet (300 m) span bridge over the
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earlier, the Union Bridge was completed first. The suspension bridge, which is a
Category A
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The bridge piers are adorned with an entwined rose and thistle coat of arms with the motto
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The website of the Union Chain Bridge: Crossing Borders, Inspiring Communities project.
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A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland: 1500-1830
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ropes used, which frequently failed with resulting loss to shipping, he employed
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343:. Brown joined the Navy in 1795, and seeing the need for an improvement on the
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The bridge proposal received consent in July 1819, with the authority of an
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Construction of a Bridge by the Formation and Uniting of its Component Parts
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597:"Union Chain Bridge gets international badge of honour to mark bicentenary"
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857:"Union Bridge on Border crossing set to close - Scotland - Scotsman.com"
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that had been passed in 1802, and construction began on 2 August 1819.
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Brown knew little of masonry, and Rennie did this aspect of the work.
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764:. Longmans, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman. 1832. pp.
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Miller, Gordon (2006). "Union Chain Bridge: linking engineering".
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in Scotland, is now the oldest to be still carrying road traffic.
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1015:"Union Chain Bridge: Scotland-England link removed for overhaul"
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913:"Bid to save Union Chain Bridge for bicentenary - The Scotsman"
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The bridge is also a Grade I listed building in England and an
949:"Union Chain Bridge receives £3.14m National Lottery funding"
887:"Union Chain Bridge work secures increased funding support"
569:"Union Suspension Bridge (that part in England) (1042214)"
1107:"Union Chain Bridge recognised as international landmark"
1064:"Union Chain Bridge linking Scotland and England reopens"
247:, Scotland. It is four miles (6.4 km) upstream of
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The website of the Friends of the Union Chain Bridge.
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Category A listed buildings in the Scottish Borders
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410:among others. Captain Brown tested the bridge in a
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971:"Union Chain Bridge repair work gets £250k boost"
268:International Historic Civil Engineering Landmark
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993:"Work begins on Union Chain Bridge restoration"
328:The sandstone pier on the Scottish side of the
1041:"Union Chain Bridge repair enters final stage"
48:The bridge from the north on the Scottish bank
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625:"History – Friends of the Union Chain Bridge"
8:
745:The Literary Panorama, and National Register
251:. When it opened in 1820 it was the longest
1742:Grade I listed buildings in Northumberland
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688:. Cambridge University Press. p. 32.
649:Proceedings of the ICE - Civil Engineering
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1697:Suspension bridges in the United Kingdom
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927:"Union Chain Bridge's £5m restoration"
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1737:Scheduled monuments in Northumberland
450:and is now maintained by the latter.
434:: "United, Strength is Yet Stronger")
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1757:Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks
1600:Longest rivers of the United Kingdom
1062:Rinaldi, Giancarlo (17 April 2023).
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294:A painting of Union Chain Bridge by
278:. Its chains are represented on the
1086:American Society of Civil Engineers
831:"Bridge is closed due to landslide"
498:American Society of Civil Engineers
574:National Heritage List for England
25:
748:. Vol. 7. 1818. p. 521.
682:Drewry, Charles Stewart (2014).
42:
1782:1820 establishments in Scotland
1772:Former toll bridges in Scotland
1702:Bridges in the Scottish Borders
1146:Film voerage and bridge history
1777:1820 establishments in England
1767:Former toll bridges in England
1707:Bridges across the River Tweed
761:A Memoir of Suspension Bridges
722:. Thomas Telford. p. 86.
685:A Memoir on Suspension Bridges
595:Johnson, Phil (25 July 2020).
490:National Lottery Heritage Fund
335:The bridge was designed by an
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540:Historic Environment Scotland
486:Northumberland County Council
448:Northumberland County Council
374:reported favourably upon it.
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155:1902: additional cables added
1398:(upstream to downstream by
458:Maintenance and restoration
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1752:Listed bridges in Scotland
1562:Ladykirk and Norham Bridge
1537:Dryburgh Suspension Bridge
661:10.1680/cien.2006.159.2.88
313:Ladykirk and Norham Bridge
153:1871: bridge deck replaced
1727:History of Northumberland
1722:Bridges completed in 1820
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1220:Clifton Suspension Bridge
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159:2020:complete restoration
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1499:(upstream to downstream)
1328:(upstream to downstream)
716:Skempton, A. W. (2002).
520:. Museums Northumberland
518:"The Union Chain Bridge"
482:Scottish Borders Council
157:1974: bridge refurbished
1200:Menai Suspension Bridge
351:to create experimental
257:Menai Suspension Bridge
192:; 204 years ago
1717:Grade I listed bridges
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438:With the abolition of
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1762:Anglo-Scottish border
1572:A1 River Tweed Bridge
1185:in the United Kingdom
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1532:Drygrange Old Bridge
1278:Administrative areas
364:Brown Lenox & Co
341:Captain Samuel Brown
280:Flag of Berwickshire
173:Captain Samuel Brown
1577:Royal Border Bridge
951:. 18 September 2019
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18:Union Bridge, Tweed
1582:Royal Tweed Bridge
1527:Leaderfoot Viaduct
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217:Union Chain Bridge
179:Construction start
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1205:Forth Road Bridge
837:. 6 December 2008
729:978-0-7277-2939-2
695:978-1-108-07053-9
428:Vis Unita Fortior
397:Act of Parliament
296:Alexander Nasmyth
225:suspension bridge
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190:26 July 1820
77:55.7525°N 2.107°W
16:(Redirected from
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929:. 8 March 2017
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1732:Berwickshire
1567:Union Bridge
1547:Kelso Bridge
1517:Tweed Bridge
1470:River Teviot
1465:River Leader
1453:Yarrow Water
1443:Caddon Water
1346:Innerleithen
1225:Union Bridge
1215:Tamar Bridge
1115:. Retrieved
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862:The Scotsman
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353:wrought iron
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320:Construction
306:
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253:wrought iron
245:Berwickshire
221:Union Bridge
220:
216:
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112:Wrought iron
36:Union Bridge
26:
1522:Yair Bridge
1433:Quair Water
1428:Manor Water
1418:Holms Water
1413:Talla Water
1371:St Boswells
1267:River Tweed
999:6 September
977:6 September
955:17 December
933:6 September
785:Google Maps
524:1 September
368:John Rennie
349:blacksmiths
330:River Tweed
311:upstream. (
302: 1820
229:River Tweed
150:Design life
97:River Tweed
80: /
55:Coordinates
1691:Categories
1622:Great Ouse
1475:River Till
1460:Gala Water
1423:Lyne Water
1400:confluence
1381:Coldstream
1356:Galashiels
1351:Walkerburn
1336:Tweedsmuir
1309:Flows into
504:References
337:Royal Navy
309:Coldstream
233:Horncliffe
197:1820-07-26
65:55°45′09″N
1409:Cor Water
1316:North Sea
1047:20 August
897:16 August
815:20 August
669:0965-089X
606:20 August
357:HMS
339:officer,
121:sandstone
68:2°06′25″W
1366:Newstead
1290:Scotland
1111:BBC News
1068:BBC News
1025:11 March
1019:BBC News
868:10 March
835:BBC News
580:23 March
549:27 March
440:turnpike
412:curricle
359:Penelope
355:chains.
274:and the
241:Fishwick
231:between
205:Location
169:Designer
142:of spans
116:original
108:Material
1361:Melrose
1341:Peebles
1300:England
791:20 July
782:(Map).
387:Runcorn
286:History
195: (
164:History
93:Crosses
1612:Thames
1607:Severn
1325:Towns
1181:Major
1117:8 July
1091:8 July
841:26 May
726:
692:
667:
187:Opened
124:ashlar
29:Bridge
1656:Tweed
1651:Clyde
1617:Trent
1376:Kelso
810:(PDF)
432:Latin
418:Usage
223:is a
128:steel
1671:Eden
1666:Nene
1661:Avon
1646:Spey
1636:Ouse
1119:2023
1093:2023
1049:2022
1027:2021
1001:2020
979:2020
957:2019
935:2020
899:2017
870:2013
843:2010
817:2022
793:2016
768:–41.
724:ISBN
690:ISBN
665:ISSN
608:2022
582:2015
551:2019
526:2021
492:and
484:and
370:and
345:hemp
215:The
182:1819
1676:Dee
1641:Tay
1632:Ure
1627:Wye
657:doi
653:159
385:at
219:or
140:No.
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