1417:"C.C.F. Ontario Provincial Council Suspended: U.F.O. Withdraws And Will Stay Out; Philpott Resigns Agnes Macphail Retires Automatically as Her Repre sentative Capacity in Organization Ceases-- Woodsworth Calls for Reorganization Which Will Rid Federation of Communist Influence-- Statement Issued by Farmers' Secretary POLITICAL LABOR MOVEMENT NOW PLANNED WITHIN C.C.F.".
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and secretary of the United
Farmers Co-operative Company Ltd. (the purchasing co-operative the UFO operated on behalf of its members). The organization grew rapidly and by 1917 it had 350 local clubs and 12,000 members. The UFO had a comprehensive farmer's platform that called for the nationalization
362:
Drury argued for a "broadening out" of the party to include labour and others, but in so doing, alienated some hard-line
Farmers. Morrison, the general secretary of the UFO, remained outside of the legislature and government. Morrison opposed a number of the coalition's initiatives, perceiving the
461:
and replace prohibition with government control of liquor. The
Liberals were split on the issue - most of their MLAs were "dry" but some were "wets" who were opposed to prohibition. The Progressives under Raney, however, were adamantly in favour of prohibition and opposed to Ferguson's proposals.
567:
rather than as CCFers. The UFO, like United
Farmers groups in the provinces of western Canada, decided to withdraw entirely from electoral politics though Oliver and Macphail continued to run under the UFO banner until 1940. Many United Farmers joined the CCF as individuals. The UFO's newspaper,
370:
The UFO government clashed with the UFO organization (led by James J. Morrison), which eventually withdrew its support from the government. However, when the 1923 election came around, the UFO received 200,000 votes, down by 50,000 compared to the previous election. This was actually a higher
603:
and UFO MP Agnes MacPhail continued to work with the CCF on an informal basis. Other UFOers backed the
Liberals. The Reconstruction Party won 11% of the vote in Ontario in the 1935 federal election, more than the CCF, but failed to win a seat in the province and only won one seat nationally.
622:
In 1940, Oliver, the last remaining UFO member of the
Legislature and a supporter of the Hepburn government since 1934, joined the Hepburn cabinet and became a Liberal. MacPhail lost her seat as the last United Farmers MP in the House of Commons in the
231:
with the two organizations not running candidates against each other - the UFO contested rural ridings and the ILP stood candidates in urban areas. In total there were 64 UFO candidates, 20 ILP candidates and 10 Farmer-Labour candidates in the
611:(OFA), a non-partisan lobbying and marketing organization for farmers. In 1943, the UFO ceased to exist as a formal organization and its remnants were absorbed by the OFA. In 1948 the United Farmers' Co-operative became the
481:, joined Oke's faction. Several weeks after the election the UFO convention voted to cease running its own candidates, though a handful of local UFO clubs continued to nominate candidates for some years.
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1111:
473:
reduced the farmer-labour contingent to thirteen
Progressive MLAs and one Labour MLA (Homuth - who had broken with the Progressives and supported the government) while two new UFO MLAs,
425:, despite the party having three fewer seats than the UFO. Morrison had announced that the UFO would be withdrawing from politics, which Ferguson had used as justification for the move.
1896:
607:
In 1936, the UFO, the United
Farmers’ Co-operative Ltd., and various growers and other agricultural organizations formed the Ontario Chamber of Agriculture which, in 1940, became the
363:
UFO's actions as a broad-based
Progressive government rather than a "class-based" United Farmer government and believed that the party should not be in government but should hold the
1151:
429:, interim leader of the UFO caucus, could do nothing aside from win a ruling from the Speaker that, as leader of a caucus of more than 15 MLAs, he was entitled to an extra salary.
314:
The government under Drury tried to be a "people's government" rather than a "class government." Drury himself called for the coalition government to be termed a "People's Party."
252:
and budgetary restraint, two platform planks that were at odds with the views of urban Labour supporters. To the shock of everyone, including itself, it won 45 seats and formed a
444:
refused to accept the leadership of Raney, a non-farmer, and also disagreed with the creation of a "Progressive Party" which would include non-farmers - with the support of
374:
By the time another election came around, in 1923, the economy had improved, in part due to the government's decisions. The Drury government lost most of their seats in the
448:, they insisted on continuing to sit as UFO members rather than with the Progressive group. Bowman resigned from the legislature in 1926 in order to enter federal politics.
1526:
299:
Despite
Morrison's objections, the UFO joined with other MLAs to form a coalition government. He had the UFO join with 10 Independent Labour Party MLAs (an 11th ILP MLA,
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1618:
521:
in Drury's government, became the leader of the remaining Progressives. In the early 1930s, Nixon and the Progressives agreed to an alliance with former UFO activist
71:
336:
It began the first major reforestation program in North America, and began construction of the modern highway system. The government was also a strict enforcer of
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1703:
1519:
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1901:
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509:, only five Progressives, one Labour and one UFO MLA won re-election. Lethbridge, like Raney in the previous election, campaigned largely on the issue of
1916:
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was elected unanimously by his caucus as leader of what was now referred to as the "Progressive" bloc of MLAs which had begun as Farmer and Labour MLAs.
322:
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influence in the party. The UFO nominated candidates, incumbent MLA Farquhar Oliver and former MLA Leslie Oke, accordingly ran as UFO candidates in the
1558:
1654:
1856:
1708:
1445:
1387:"PROGRESSIVE GROUP WILL LOSE SUPPORT OF FARMER MEMBER: Leslie W. Oke, East Lambton, Not in Accord With Baney Leadership CITY MAN NOT ACCEPTABLE".
1402:"BLESSING BESTOWED BY FARMERS' PAPER UPON L. W. OKE, M.P.P.: The Sun Approves His Recent Break With Progressive Group "ONLY POSSIBLE COURSE"".
379:
317:
Drury's Farmer-Labour government created the first Department of Welfare for the province and brought in allowances for widows and children, a
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The UFO was founded in 1914 by the union of various farmers' organizations that had been created over the previous fifteen years.
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measures, Prohibition being law in Ontario from 1916 to 1927. Drury also arranged for a grant for then-unknown researchers
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627:. She turned to provincial politics and won election to the Ontario Legislature as a candidate of the CCF in the
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Though the United Farmers of Ontario remained the second largest party in the legislature, they were denied
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to help launch a chain of cooperative grocery stores, but the attempt failed and Loblaw left to start
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percentage of votes cast than it had taken in 1919 as the 1923 election suffered from low turn-out.
267:, Morrison opposed forming a government, believing that the party should concern itself solely with
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1723:
1349:"Free-trader, writer and farmer, former Premier E.C. Drury dies" Globe and Mail, February 19, 1968.
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issues and that it would not be able to represent the entire province. Furthermore, he viewed the
240:, better educational opportunities in rural areas, cheap electric power, conservation of forests,
280:
533:, who joined Hepburn to form a government and were eventually absorbed into the Liberal Party.
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378:. Seventeen United Farmer and four Labour members returned to the Legislature, compared to 75
341:
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329:- a provincially owned bank that lent money to farmers at a lower rate, along the lines of "
303:, broke with his colleagues and sat in Opposition). Three Independent MLAs also joined the
245:
1195:
Tony Fitzpatrick; Huck-ju Kwon; Nick Manning; James Midgley; Gillian Pascall, eds. (2006).
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Raney resigned from the legislature the next year in order to accept an appointment to the
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190:. In 1917, supporters of the UFO formed the Farmers' Publishing Company and purchased
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1127:
William Raney#Embarrassments surrounding activities of The Reverend J O L Spracklin
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555:(CCF) when it was formed. It did so, and MacPhail became the first Chairman of the
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187:
1225:
The Court of Appeal for Ontario: Defining the Right of Appeal in Canada, 1792-2013
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who supported Ferguson's proposals and would eventually join the Conservatives.
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so it could introduce legislation friendly to farmers. It co-operated with the
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in 1932, but the UFO disaffiliated from the CCF in 1934 due to allegations of
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as inimical to farmers' interests and opposed a coalition with them to form a
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for women and standardized adoption procedures. His government also expanded
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in order to force the government of the day to pass pro-farmer legislation.
284:
237:
1228:. University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division. p. 80.
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indicate parties represented in the legislature but not yet registered.
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145:
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The issue which dominated Ontario politics in the mid-1920s was the
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who, in 1930, became leader of the Liberal Party. A group of four
488:
389:
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97:
1362:, Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1977, p. 158
359:
The UFO grew quickly to 1,500 clubs and 60,000 members by 1920.
1515:
1290:
1122:
E.C. Drury#Opposition of J.J.Morrison and other controversies
1112:
List of United Farmers/Labour MLAs in the Ontario legislature
279:. Morrison was offered the position of UFO caucus leader and
1132:
J O L Spracklin#Prohibition controversies and events of 1920
493:
Farquhar Oliver, last UFO MLA in the provincial legislature.
591:, the UFO's provincial executive voted to endorse the new
505:
was chosen as the new leader of the Progressives. In the
236:. The UFO platform called for the abolition of political
223:, with over 50,000 members, the party sought to hold the
186:, and legislation that would facilitate the operation of
1431:"Liberals busy, CCF active, other factions hold fire",
1372:"PROGRESSIVE GROUP CHOOSES MR. RANEY AS HOUSE LEADER".
1152:
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Ontario Section)
513:. After Lethbridge lost his seat in the 1929 election
148:, Canada. It was the Ontario provincial branch of the
203:
The UFO entered politics by contesting and winning a
177:
was the leading figure in the party, serving as its
1803:
1757:
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1549:
325:and promoted rural electrification. It created the
93:
77:
62:
50:
35:
21:
691:led a UFO rump of three MLAs from 1926 until 1929.
631:while Oliver became Liberal Party leader in 1945.
432:Eighteen months following the general election,
152:movement of the early part of the 20th century.
1897:Defunct provincial political parties in Ontario
283:following the election but declined as did Sir
1117:James J. Morrison#Collapse of Drury government
1527:
311:and two of the ILP MLAs were in the cabinet.
8:
615:and remains one of the largest farmer-owned
599:; however, many local UFO groups backed the
462:This led to an estrangement with Labour MLA
1198:International Encyclopedia of Social Policy
635:United Farmers Co-operative Company Grocers
1534:
1520:
1512:
1005:
723:
18:
1331:Labour and Farmers in Ontario 1919 - 1932
1887:Political parties disestablished in 1944
1493:Labour and Farmers in Ontario, 1919-1932
529:MLAs, led by Nixon, were elected in the
413:. The position was instead given to the
1543:Provincial political parties in Ontario
1187:
551:) encouraged the UFO to affiliate with
256:with the support of Labour MLAs in the
169:Ernest C. Drury, UFO premier and leader
1631:Freedom of Choice, Peace & Justice
1475:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1468:
1345:
1343:
1313:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1306:
397:, the last leader of the Progressives.
1892:Political parties established in 1914
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1142:List of Progressive/United Farmer MPs
7:
1704:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
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601:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
553:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
455:government's proposal to repeal the
1902:Social democratic parties in Canada
1882:Defunct political parties in Canada
1872:Agricultural cooperatives in Canada
1147:Cooperative Commonwealth Federation
1877:Defunct agrarian political parties
327:Province of Ontario Savings Office
217:Member of the Legislative Assembly
14:
1917:History of agriculture in Ontario
1862:1944 disestablishments in Ontario
1734:Protestant Protective Association
1674:People's Progressive Common Front
1177:List of Ontario general elections
1172:List of Ontario political parties
609:Ontario Federation of Agriculture
295:Government of Ontario (1919–1923)
263:As the United Farmers began as a
215:was elected as the party's first
31:Former provincial party
1360:G. Howard Ferguson: Ontario Tory
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582:League for Social Reconstruction
200:to act as the organ of the UFO.
1162:United Farmers (disambiguation)
613:United Co-operatives of Ontario
485:End of the movement (1927–1940)
258:Legislative Assembly of Ontario
161:Foundation and rise (1914–1919)
1857:1914 establishments in Ontario
1697:represented in the legislature
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593:Reconstruction Party of Canada
537:Liberal-Progressives (Ontario)
1:
1201:. Routledge. pp. 15–17.
16:Political party in Canada
1505:The Challenge of Agriculture
1337:, accessed February 13, 2008
580:and became an organ for the
543:In 1932, leading UFO member
287:; the position instead went
1503:United Farmers of Ontario,
1498:Canadian Encyclopedia entry
1263:"United Farmers of Ontario"
639:Around 1919, the UFO hired
547:(originally elected to the
382:. Drury lost his own seat.
242:proportional representation
56:1940 as an unofficial party
1938:
1867:Agrarian parties in Canada
1686:Stop the New Sex-Ed Agenda
1222:Christopher Moore (2014).
260:despite having no leader.
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1804:Pre-confederation parties
1670:People with Special Needs
1267:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1167:United Farmers of Alberta
1054:7 (from 1923 UFO result)
923:
840:
757:
130:United Farmers of Ontario
103:
54:1934 as an official party
30:
24:United Farmers of Ontario
1758:Other historical parties
1619:Confederation of Regions
1559:Progressive Conservative
629:1943 provincial election
565:1934 provincial election
499:Supreme Court of Ontario
471:1926 provincial election
423:Leader of the Opposition
273:Independent Labour Party
248:. The UFO also favoured
234:1919 provincial election
229:Independent Labour Party
221:1919 provincial election
651:UFO/Progressive leaders
58:1944 as an organization
494:
458:Ontario Temperance Act
398:
170:
1507:from Internet Archive
1074:John Giles Lethbridge
792:Coalition Government
675:John Giles Lethbridge
645:his own grocery chain
589:1935 federal election
584:and the Ontario CCF.
539:for more information)
503:John Giles Lethbridge
492:
393:
168:
1922:Farmers from Ontario
1551:Legislative Assembly
519:Provincial Secretary
517:, who had served as
305:coalition government
254:coalition government
246:"direct legislation"
184:progressive taxation
67:Liberal-Progressives
1912:Cooperative parties
1826:Reform (Baldwinite)
1729:Patrons of Industry
1724:Liberal-Progressive
1695:Historical parties
669:William Edgar Raney
527:Liberal-Progressive
403:Official Opposition
386:Decline (1923–1929)
352:, later discovered
277:majority government
108:Politics of Ontario
1821:Reform (Mackenzie)
1433:Toronto Daily Star
1406:. 30 January 1925.
1391:. 22 January 1925.
1376:. 21 January 1925.
1335:History of the NDP
495:
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281:Premier of Ontario
265:single-issue party
211:in 1918, in which
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1714:Labor-Progressive
1655:None of the Above
1606:Canadians' Choice
1261:Macpherson, Ian,
1235:978-1-4426-2248-7
1208:978-1-136-61004-2
1137:Progressive Party
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689:Leslie Warner Oke
549:Progressive Party
342:Frederick Banting
301:Morrison MacBride
179:general secretary
175:James J. Morrison
126:
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113:Political parties
63:Succeeded by
1929:
1765:Family Coalition
1660:Northern Ontario
1628:Electoral Reform
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1451:. Archived from
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1421:. 12 March 1934.
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570:The Farmer's Sun
523:Mitchell Hepburn
501:and 72-year-old
446:The Farmer's Sun
376:election of 1923
365:balance of power
225:balance of power
197:The Farmer's Sun
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1446:"Archived copy"
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1435:, July 19, 1935
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759:Ernest C. Drury
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696:UFO Secretaries
663:Manning Doherty
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641:Theodore Loblaw
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479:Farquhar Oliver
475:Thomas Farquhar
427:Manning Doherty
419:W.E.N. Sinclair
411:Howard Ferguson
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289:Ernest C. Drury
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142:political party
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545:Agnes Macphail
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219:(MLA). In the
192:The Weekly Sun
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625:1940 election
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531:1934 election
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442:Beniah Bowman
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434:William Raney
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380:Conservatives
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331:Social credit
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188:co-operatives
185:
182:of railways,
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132:(UFO) was an
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1460:. Retrieved
1453:the original
1440:
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1298:. Retrieved
1291:the original
1266:
1224:
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1157:Labour Party
1099:Third Party
1063:Third Party
1002:Progressives
686:
638:
621:
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597:H.H. Stevens
586:
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407:Conservative
400:
373:
369:
361:
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350:James Collip
346:Charles Best
335:
319:minimum wage
316:
313:
307:. Drury was
298:
269:agricultural
262:
202:
195:
194:renaming it
191:
172:
129:
127:
1811:Clear Grits
1770:Natural Law
1640:Libertarian
1018:Change +/-
736:Change +/-
710:, 1933–1942
708:H.H. Hannam
704:, 1914–1933
683:, 1929–1934
681:Harry Nixon
677:, 1927–1929
671:, 1925–1927
665:, 1924–1925
659:, 1919–1924
619:in Canada.
578:Alan Plaunt
574:Graham Spry
557:Ontario CCF
515:Harry Nixon
511:prohibition
464:Karl Homuth
395:Harry Nixon
250:prohibition
205:by-election
140:provincial
84:Agrarianism
72:Ontario CCF
1851:Categories
1592:recognized
1462:2014-12-23
1300:2009-06-06
1183:References
842:Leslie Oke
657:E.C. Drury
595:formed by
438:Leslie Oke
405:status by
338:temperance
209:Manitoulin
1790:Socialist
1624:Consensus
1614:Communist
1419:The Globe
1404:The Globe
1389:The Globe
1374:The Globe
1009:Election
745:Standing
727:Election
561:communist
285:Adam Beck
238:patronage
118:Elections
51:Dissolved
1744:Trillium
1678:Populist
1650:New Blue
1645:Moderate
1610:Centrist
1601:Alliance
1471:cite web
1309:cite web
1106:See also
1044:10 / 112
817:199,393
804:17 / 111
778:248,274
765:44 / 111
453:Ferguson
415:Liberals
409:premier
138:populist
134:agrarian
88:Populism
79:Ideology
1837:Italics
1775:Peoples
1739:Soldier
1635:Freedom
1594:parties
1571:Liberal
1093:30,795
1080:4 / 112
1057:72,277
1027:Status
1012:Leader
900:15,417
887:1 / 112
861:15,417
848:3 / 112
748:Status
730:Leader
587:In the
354:insulin
309:Premier
156:History
146:Ontario
94:Colours
41: (
36:Founded
1780:Reform
1709:Labour
1590:Other
1232:
1205:
1021:Votes
1015:Seats
981:7,296
969:1 / 90
943:8,648
931:1 / 90
820:21.0%
781:21.0%
739:Votes
733:Seats
1580:Green
1456:(PDF)
1449:(PDF)
1294:(PDF)
1287:(PDF)
1096:3.4%
1060:6.3%
984:0.5%
946:0.6%
903:1.3%
864:1.3%
535:(see
417:with
98:Green
1567:(28)
1561:(79)
1477:link
1315:link
1230:ISBN
1203:ISBN
1069:1929
1033:1926
992:4th
963:1937
954:4th
920:1934
911:4th
881:1929
872:4th
837:1926
828:2nd
798:1923
789:1st
754:1919
576:and
477:and
469:The
440:and
344:and
244:and
136:and
128:The
43:1914
39:1914
1582:(2)
1573:(9)
858:14
814:27
775:44
720:UFO
421:as
333:".
207:in
144:in
1853::
1473:}}
1469:{{
1342:^
1333:,
1323:^
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1307:{{
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897:2
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647:.
356:.
291:.
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1528:t
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1479:)
1465:.
1317:)
1303:.
1238:.
1211:.
69:,
45:)
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