537:. The act cited directs that "a gold medal" be struck and presented in recognition of Mitchell's pioneer service and foresight. It does not, however, specify which medal was to be awarded. In July 1945 the War Department had recommended to Congress that special gold medals be voted by Congress in cases of outstanding leadership and that the Medal of Honor be reserved for awarding only gallantry in action. Major General William "Billy" Mitchell was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal, which was announced using the identical citation and approved date as listed for the award above. It seems apparent that the intention was to award the Gold Medal rather than the Medal of Honor. However, for some unknown reason, when the Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs published its report, Medal of Honor Recipients: 1863-1978 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1979) compiling all Medal of Honor Recipient citations, William Mitchell and his citation were included. This website takes its Medal of Honor citations from that report, and that is why Mitchell's citation is included here - although the "gold medal" authorized above is most likely the Congressional Gold Medal, rather than the Medal of Honor."
111:
428:
998:
522:
533:, and it was removed due to a clerical error in actual Medal of Honor recipients in a Congressional Report published in 1979. His name was included on the wall at the memorial in error and has since been removed. The removal is quite visible, with the name being cut out of the stone, and a new stone filler in its place above the name of Charles Lindbergh. ″There is some debate as to whether Mitchell was in fact awarded the Medal of Honor or the
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then dismissed the appeal of that decision on 7 May 1999. But the cost of litigation and the opposition of prominent Marine veterans in
Congress convinced the Foundation to move the Memorial to its present site, at the east end of Columbia Pike, on the grounds of
378:
to make available to the Air Force
Memorial Foundation up to 3 acres (12,000 m) of the Naval Annex property for the memorial. Ground was formally broken in September 2004. Construction of the spires began in February 2006 and was completed in seven months.
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473:
plates with high-strength concrete filling the lower 2/3 of each spire. The upper third is hollow stainless steel. At the transition between concrete and hollow steel portions, dampers provide aerodynamic stability and dissipate wind sway energy. Each
963:
505:
The two inscription walls are located at each end of the central lawn. The walls are 56 feet (17 m) in length, 10 feet (3.0 m) in height and one foot thick. Both walls are made of polished, highly-reflective monolithic Jet Mist
501:
engraved on both sides of the 5-ply panel. Except for the information kiosks outside the administration building, it is the only part of the memorial that depicts aircraft. The north inscription wall is visible through it.
1419:
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401:
To all who have climbed sunward and chased the shouting wind, America stops to say: your service and your sacrifice will be remembered forever, and honored in this place by the citizens of a free and grateful nation.
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946:
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In addition to receiving over 350,000 visitors throughout the year, the Air Force
Memorial is host to more than 300 military ceremonies, weddings, funerals, and other special events. During the summer, the
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In
January 1992, the Air Force Memorial Foundation was incorporated to pursue the development of a memorial that would honor the people in the United States Air Force. In December 1993, President
419:. Before its dissolution, there were three individuals who served as their Managing Director — Col Pete Lindquest, USAF (Ret.), CMSgt Barbara Taylor, USAF (Ret.), and SSgt Zachary Steele, USAFR.
1971:
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The three memorial spires range from 201 feet (61 m) to 270 feet (82 m) high and appear to be soaring; its array of stainless steel arcs against the sky evokes the image of "
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Pedestrians approach to the spires from the west. South of the approach, before the inscription wall, stand four 8-foot-tall (2.4 m) bronze statues representing the
462:
as they peel back in a precision 'bomb burst' maneuver." Only three of the four contrails are depicted, at 120 degrees from each other, as the absent fourth suggests the
343:(R-NY), a Marine veteran, introduced a bill to prohibit the construction of any monument, memorial, or other structure "within view" of the Marine Corps War Memorial. The
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and both include a two and a half-inch outer inscription panel made from
Absolute Black granite. The north wall bears the names of Air Force recipients of the
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For the service and sacrifices of the men and women of the United States Air Force and its predecessor organizations, including the
Aeronautical Division,
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1775:
1640:
1401:
339:, which is just north of the Carillon, various Marine groups were briefed on the plans; they voiced no objections. However, on 30 July 1997, Congressman
685:
1996:
1303:
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884:
1807:
1553:
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1381:
1006:
889:
347:
organized support for the memorial on behalf of its membership and Air Force veterans, and the issue became a polarizing one between the services.
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consists of a lead ball weighing about a ton that is allowed to roll inside a steel box. The structural design of the spires was completed by the
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415:. The Air Force Memorial Foundation, the organization created to plan for and build the Memorial, continued until 2020 as an affiliate of the
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One name has been removed from the Medal of Honor
Recipients, under the header of "Peacetime". This name listed was that of Colonel
76:
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43:
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honors the service of the personnel of the United States Air Force and its heritage organizations. The
Memorial is located in
110:
711:
1948:
1635:
1514:
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493:. To the north, a stone plaza leads you to the glass contemplation wall, a free-standing glass panel with the images of four
279:
and South Joyce Street and is accessible from the north side of
Columbia Pike. It was the last project of American architect
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1918:
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829:– "National Air Force Memorial Honor Guard sculpture, Arlington National Cemetery in Washington, D.C. by Zenos Frudakis"
764:
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229:
518:, particularly the Air Force's three core values: "integrity first, service before self, and excellence in all we do".
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364:
272:
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1928:
58:
2183:
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321:
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54:
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pilot with the Texas Air
National Guard. The first official ceremony at the memorial was held the next day:
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2125:
2080:
1981:
1938:
1901:
1865:
1833:
1725:
1705:
1665:
1504:
1434:
1223:
870:
689:
427:
102:
17:
1986:
1695:
1670:
521:
459:
2173:
1991:
1896:
1802:
1685:
498:
463:
416:
344:
245:
2404:
2228:
1213:
1208:
1110:
826:
325:
145:
813:
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against the construction of the Air Force Memorial. The request was denied on 15 June 1998, and the
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2051:
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1933:
1218:
1203:
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340:
141:
2263:
1755:
1710:
1660:
1183:
1130:
1115:
1080:
1026:
479:
387:
2414:
2298:
2258:
2238:
2200:
2110:
2009:
1499:
1188:
1163:
475:
129:
125:
1780:
1621:
1281:
1168:
1153:
1143:
280:
225:
137:
133:
741:
411:
In April 2017, the day-to-day operations of the Air Force Memorial were transferred to the
2314:
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1178:
1173:
1158:
1148:
1138:
624:
470:
383:
2483:
2442:
2354:
2031:
2014:
2001:
1859:
1839:
530:
511:
490:
382:
The memorial was dedicated on 14 October 2006, with about 30,000 people attending. The
371:
2560:
2349:
2248:
2233:
2105:
1538:
1534:
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description by the architectural firm that designed it, Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
598:
394:
833:
Air Force Memorial photos by Amaury Laporte, free to use for non commercial purposes
313:
2409:
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1953:
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300:
268:
116:
438:
2283:
2205:
2163:
2146:
1976:
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446:
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Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
2021:
351:
264:
772:
198:
185:
832:
374:
signed the Defense Authorization Bill, which included a rider directing the
360:
525:
The wall of Medal of Honor recipients, with the memorial in the reflection.
839:
801:
671:
455:
807:
507:
350:
On 16 September 1997, the Friends of Iwo Jima and Solomon filed for a
814:
President Bush dedicates Air Force Memorial Saturday, 14 October 2006
765:"Medal of Honor Recipients - Authorized by Special Acts of Congress"
61:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
796:
547:
539:
445:
437:
426:
494:
1593:
843:
514:, and the south wall bears inspirational quotations regarding
26:
397:
laid a memorial wreath beneath the spires for fallen airmen.
646:
Dudney, Robert (November 2006). "The Magnificent Memorial".
238:
Integrity; Service; Excellence; Valor; Courage; Sacrifice
2520:
National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.
648:
Air Force Magazine, Journal of the Air Force Association
2515:
List of National Historic Landmarks in Washington, D.C.
50:
2577:
Buildings and structures in Arlington County, Virginia
986:
Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
2587:
Military monuments and memorials in the United States
2325:
Boundary markers of the original District of Columbia
969:
House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
827:
Photo Album of Zenos Frudakis on Flickr Photo Service
2497:
2466:
2435:
2363:
2307:
2219:
1964:
1628:
1448:
1410:
1294:
1129:
1071:
1045:
1014:
1005:
877:
442:
The view of the USAF Memorial from Washington, D.C.
275:. The Memorial is southwest of the intersection of
221:
177:
159:
151:
96:
964:House Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces
466:traditionally used at Air Force funeral flyovers.
406:— President George W. Bush at acceptance ceremony.
305:
2607:Tourist attractions in Arlington County, Virginia
810:information from sculptor Zenos Frudakis' website
808:National Air Force Memorial Honor Guard sculpture
316:authorizing the Air Force Memorial. In 1994, the
2448:National Desert Storm and Desert Shield Memorial
1751:Japanese American Patriotism During World War II
434:performing their signature "bomb burst" maneuver
1651:Belmont–Paul Women's Equality National Monument
804:at Pei Cobb Freed & Partners Architects LLP
597:. Air Force Memorial Foundation. Archived from
2427:Women in Military Service for America Memorial
2037:John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
576:National Museum of the United States Air Force
2505:National Capital Memorial Advisory Commission
1605:
855:
552:United States Air Force Memorial, Looking NE
318:National Capital Memorial Advisory Commission
8:
544:United States Air Force Memorial, Looking NE
356:U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
688:. Reed Business Information. Archived from
320:approved a site next to Marshall Drive and
18:United States Air Force Memorial Foundation
1855:Signers of the Declaration of Independence
1612:
1598:
1590:
1011:
862:
848:
840:
386:was delivered by President Bush, a former
332:. Fundraising and detailed designs began.
109:
93:
1997:Frederick Douglass National Historic Site
566:holds concerts there every Friday night.
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
520:
132:; the Division of Military Aeronautics,
763:History, U.S. Army Center of Military.
586:
285:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
1058:Operational Test and Evaluation Center
922:Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force
740:. Airforcememorial.org. Archived from
714:. Airforcememorial.org. Archived from
623:. Airforcememorial.org. Archived from
1972:Basilica of the Immaculate Conception
115:The Air Force Memorial viewed facing
7:
2196:United States Supreme Court Building
2592:Monuments and memorials in Virginia
2479:Gold Star Mothers National Monument
2474:George Washington Memorial Building
2086:Lincoln's Cottage at Soldiers' Home
1646:American Veterans Disabled for Life
487:United States Air Force Honor Guard
1559:Air & Space Forces Association
976:Senate Committee on Armed Services
310:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
25:
2617:Air Force monuments and memorials
1823:National Statuary Hall Collection
2510:National Mall and Memorial Parks
2422:United States Air Force Memorial
2091:Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool
1573:
1572:
1471:Division of Military Aeronautics
996:
895:Under Secretary of the Air Force
802:United States Air Force Memorial
672:United States Air Force Memorial
469:The spire structure consists of
450:United States Air Force Memorial
413:Air Force District of Washington
257:United States Air Force Memorial
31:
2543:Commemorating African-Americans
738:"Air Force Memorial Foundation"
712:"Air Force Memorial Foundation"
621:"Air Force Memorial Foundation"
370:On 28 December 2001, President
263:, on the former grounds of the
220:
89:Memorial in Arlington, Virginia
2531:Public art in Washington, D.C.
1382:Reserve Officer Training Corps
1339:Judge Advocate General's Corps
981:Senate Subcommittee on Airland
959:House Armed Services Committee
335:Because the site was near the
1:
2572:Bronze sculptures in Virginia
1530:Women Airforce Service Pilots
797:Air Force Memorial Foundation
289:Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
283:(known for the design of the
249:Air Force Memorial Foundation
230:Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
2602:Steel sculptures in Virginia
2535:American Revolution Statuary
2294:United States Botanic Garden
564:United States Air Force Band
2378:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
2373:Arlington National Cemetery
2131:St. John's Episcopal Church
1761:Lyndon Baines Johnson Grove
885:Department of the Air Force
365:Arlington National Cemetery
273:Arlington National Cemetery
57:the claims made and adding
2633:
2582:James Ingo Freed buildings
1641:African American Civil War
890:Secretary of the Air Force
392:Secretary of the Air Force
261:Arlington County, Virginia
214:Arlington County, Virginia
2528:
2458:Peace Corps Commemorative
2453:National Liberty Memorial
2395:Marine Corps War Memorial
2383:John F. Kennedy gravesite
2330:Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
2320:Arlington Memorial Bridge
1892:Statues of the Liberators
1882:Theodore Roosevelt Island
1877:Franklin Delano Roosevelt
1567:
1232:
994:
818:John Gillespie Magee, Jr.
482:engineering consultancy.
337:Marine Corps War Memorial
324:, down the hill from the
243:
236:
123:
108:
101:
2340:Francis Scott Key Bridge
2157:Freedman's Bank Building
2076:National Building Museum
2069:National Capitol Columns
1776:Law Enforcement Officers
1392:Airman Leadership School
1194:Thirteenth Expeditionary
1032:Field Operating Agencies
686:"The Air Force Memorial"
535:Congressional Gold Medal
531:William "Billy" Mitchell
244:Statistics source:
128:; the Aviation Section,
2612:United States Air Force
2489:National Slave Memorial
2126:Smithsonian Institution
2081:National Gallery of Art
1982:Capitol Reflecting Pool
1834:Nuns of the Battlefield
1793:Martin Luther King, Jr.
1377:Officer Training School
871:United States Air Force
199:38.868649°N 77.066259°W
103:United States Air Force
97:U.S. Air Force Memorial
1987:Congressional Cemetery
1828:Navy – Merchant Marine
1420:Awards and decorations
1053:District of Washington
1046:Direct Reporting Units
820:'s poem "High Flight".
553:
545:
526:
460:Air Force Thunderbirds
451:
443:
435:
409:
165:; 17 years ago
2174:United States Capitol
1992:DAR Constitution Hall
1463:Aeronautical Division
551:
543:
524:
499:Missing man formation
464:missing man formation
449:
441:
430:
417:Air Force Association
399:
376:Department of Defense
345:Air Force Association
246:Air Force Association
204:38.868649; -77.066259
2405:Netherlands Carillon
2229:Constitution Gardens
1919:Victims of Communism
1771:Marquis de Lafayette
1691:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1334:Aeronautical ratings
933:Three-star generals
595:"About the Memorial"
326:Netherlands Carillon
163:14 October 2006
146:U.S. Army Air Forces
2539:Civil War Monuments
2345:Pennsylvania Avenue
2335:Constitution Avenue
2042:Library of Congress
1934:Washington Monument
1808:George B. McClellan
1798:Korean War Veterans
1656:Mary McLeod Bethune
1131:Numbered Air Forces
912:Vice Chief of Staff
775:on 19 February 2014
744:on 20 February 2012
718:on 20 February 2012
684:Fisher, Christina.
627:on 20 February 2012
341:Gerald B.H. Solomon
195: /
142:U.S. Army Air Corps
2269:National Arboretum
2264:Meridian Hill Park
2101:National Cathedral
2064:National Arboretum
1914:United States Navy
1872:Jean de Rochambeau
1756:Jefferson Memorial
1741:Holodomor Genocide
1489:The U.S. Air Force
1402:Fitness Assessment
1359:Chief of Chaplains
1278:Civilian auxiliary
1027:Air National Guard
929:Four-star generals
661:Air Force Magazine
601:on 2 November 2008
554:
546:
527:
452:
444:
436:
388:F-102 Delta Dagger
42:possibly contains
2554:
2553:
2547:Outdoor sculpture
2415:Pentagon Memorial
2299:West Potomac Park
2239:East Potomac Park
2201:Watergate complex
2152:Treasury Building
2141:The Arts of Peace
2096:National Archives
1716:James A. Garfield
1587:
1586:
1372:Air Force Academy
1290:
1289:
917:Director of Staff
253:
252:
130:U.S. Signal Corps
126:U.S. Signal Corps
87:
86:
79:
44:original research
16:(Redirected from
2624:
2254:Lafayette Square
1924:Vietnam Veterans
1887:Taras Shevchenko
1845:John J. Pershing
1818:Peter Muhlenberg
1781:Lincoln Memorial
1736:Holocaust Museum
1731:Ulysses S. Grant
1711:Thomas Gallaudet
1622:Washington, D.C.
1614:
1607:
1600:
1591:
1576:
1575:
1475:Army Air Service
1467:Aviation Section
1282:Civil Air Patrol
1012:
1000:
999:
864:
857:
850:
841:
785:
784:
782:
780:
771:. Archived from
769:history.army.mil
760:
754:
753:
751:
749:
734:
728:
727:
725:
723:
708:
702:
701:
699:
697:
692:on 15 March 2007
681:
675:
669:
663:
658:
652:
651:
643:
637:
636:
634:
632:
617:
611:
610:
608:
606:
591:
311:
307:
287:) with the firm
281:James Ingo Freed
226:James Ingo Freed
222:Designed by
210:
209:
207:
206:
205:
200:
196:
193:
192:
191:
188:
173:
171:
166:
138:Army Air Service
134:Secretary of War
113:
94:
82:
75:
71:
68:
62:
59:inline citations
35:
34:
27:
21:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2567:2006 sculptures
2557:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2524:
2493:
2462:
2431:
2388:Arlington House
2365:
2359:
2315:Anacostia River
2303:
2279:Rock Creek Park
2244:Farragut Square
2221:
2215:
2137:The Arts of War
2121:Old Stone House
2116:Old Post Office
1960:
1929:Vietnam Women's
1850:Second Division
1766:John Paul Jones
1681:Albert Einstein
1624:
1618:
1588:
1583:
1563:
1554:Service numbers
1525:National Museum
1483:Army Air Forces
1450:
1444:
1412:
1406:
1364:Chief Scientist
1354:Medical Service
1349:Security Forces
1296:
1286:
1271:Security Forces
1228:
1125:
1067:
1041:
1001:
997:
992:
873:
868:
793:
788:
778:
776:
762:
761:
757:
747:
745:
736:
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731:
721:
719:
710:
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705:
695:
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678:
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666:
659:
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628:
619:
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614:
604:
602:
593:
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588:
584:
572:
559:
471:stainless steel
425:
384:keynote address
330:Arlington Ridge
322:State Route 110
309:
297:
248:
239:
217:
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197:
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90:
83:
72:
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48:
36:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2614:
2609:
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2569:
2559:
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2529:
2526:
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2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2501:
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2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2484:Mammy memorial
2481:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2443:Adams Memorial
2439:
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2430:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2369:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2355:Zero Milestone
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2291:
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2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2259:L'Enfant Plaza
2256:
2251:
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2241:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2223:
2217:
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1073:Major commands
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489:, sculpted by
424:
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372:George W. Bush
363:just south of
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40:This article
38:
29:
28:
19:
2421:
2400:Mount Vernon
2289:Union Square
2179:Capitol Hill
2140:
2136:
2002:
1954:Rainbow Pool
1949:World War II
1907:
1897:Oscar Straus
1864:
1832:
1813:George Meade
1803:George Mason
1686:Emancipation
1671:John Carroll
1571:
1549:Thunderbirds
1519:
1411:Uniforms and
1063:USAF Academy
952:2020–present
777:. Retrieved
773:the original
768:
758:
746:. Retrieved
742:the original
732:
720:. Retrieved
716:the original
706:
694:. Retrieved
690:the original
679:
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647:
641:
629:. Retrieved
625:the original
615:
605:17 September
603:. Retrieved
599:the original
589:
560:
528:
504:
497:flying in a
484:
468:
453:
432:Thunderbirds
410:
400:
381:
369:
349:
334:
298:
269:The Pentagon
256:
254:
117:The Pentagon
91:
73:
64:
41:
2284:The Ellipse
2206:White House
2164:Tudor Place
2147:Tidal Basin
1977:Blair House
1944:World War I
1544:Honor Guard
1505:Core Values
1449:History and
779:14 November
748:15 February
722:15 February
631:15 February
516:core values
328:, known as
202: /
152:Established
2561:Categories
2308:Boundaries
2222:and plazas
2022:Healy Hall
1451:traditions
1370:Training:
1214:Nineteenth
1209:Eighteenth
878:Leadership
816:, quoting
696:15 October
582:References
352:injunction
265:Navy Annex
190:77°03′59″W
187:38°52′07″N
170:2006-10-14
144:; and the
51:improve it
2366:landmarks
2047:Jefferson
1661:Boy Scout
1629:Memorials
1430:Equipment
1413:equipment
1344:RED HORSE
1304:Personnel
1261:Squadrons
1219:Twentieth
1204:Sixteenth
1199:Fifteenth
1007:Structure
947:2010–2019
942:2000–2009
937:1940–1959
902:Air Staff
456:contrails
361:Fort Myer
67:July 2024
55:verifying
2467:Canceled
2410:Pentagon
2003:Exorcist
1676:D.C. War
1578:Category
1520:Memorial
1440:Uniforms
1435:Aircraft
1322:enlisted
1312:officers
1297:training
1184:Eleventh
1015:Commands
823:Photos:
570:See also
303:signed
178:Location
160:Unveiled
2498:Related
2436:Planned
2189:Rotunda
2057:Madison
1908:Titanic
1458:History
1189:Twelfth
1164:Seventh
1022:Reserve
508:granite
458:of the
314:103–163
306:Pub. L.
301:Clinton
295:History
168: (
49:Please
2364:Nearby
1786:statue
1515:Symbol
1425:Badges
1317:cadets
1249:Groups
1169:Eighth
1154:Fourth
1144:Second
557:Events
476:damper
423:Design
312:
216:, U.S.
140:; the
136:; the
2220:Parks
2052:Adams
2005:steps
1965:Other
1636:Adams
1308:Rank
1237:Wings
1179:Tenth
1174:Ninth
1159:Fifth
1149:Third
1139:First
1116:PACAF
1106:AFSOC
1091:AFGSC
495:F-16s
267:near
2184:Dome
2139:and
1510:Flag
1397:SERE
1101:AFRC
1096:AFMC
1086:AETC
781:2016
750:2012
724:2012
698:2006
633:2012
607:2008
480:Arup
271:and
255:The
155:1992
1266:ANG
1254:ANG
1242:ANG
1111:AMC
1081:ACC
53:by
2563::
2545:,
2541:,
2537:,
1537:/
1481:/
1477:/
1473:/
1469:/
1465:/
1280::
767:.
367:.
291:.
2549:)
2533:(
1613:e
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1491:"
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863:e
856:t
849:v
783:.
752:.
726:.
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635:.
609:.
232:)
228:(
172:)
80:)
74:(
69:)
65:(
47:.
20:)
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