44:
2642:
389:, appear to have been more those of a police force than a military unit: Pseudo-Kodinos lists them not with the guards, but with the unarmed palace personnel, and states that their duty was "to keep people orderly" during ceremonies. Unlike the armed members of the
2679:
811:
1521:
1754:
43:
734:
2630:
984:
885:
2669:
2318:
895:
828:
843:
838:
263:
1919:
905:
880:
2270:
2253:
910:
890:
1969:
1815:
1787:
1431:
1423:
900:
833:
2165:
1526:
232:
194:
2014:
2494:
2019:
2418:
1178:
1171:
727:
679:
2029:
1317:
2170:
411:("cucumber-shaped"), and that the whip, hanging at their belt, was their symbol. This latter reference has led to the hypothesis that the
1161:
2499:
1912:
2600:
1166:
703:
658:
633:
504:
1663:
720:
256:
202:
96:
2635:
2457:
989:
757:
2605:
2595:
2467:
2388:
2074:
1646:
1590:
1511:
1378:
649:
83:
2206:
2462:
2452:
2367:
2122:
1907:
2536:
2504:
2408:
2117:
2089:
1897:
1436:
342:
calls them "Persians" by race (a typical
Byzantine anachronism for "Turks"), and recalls that they were settled in the
2674:
2260:
1902:
1749:
1506:
1257:
249:
165:
113:
2580:
2526:
2265:
2137:
2127:
1827:
1707:
1585:
1516:
1404:
1373:
1216:
1156:
464:
227:
66:
385:(r. 1143–1180), they were formed into a distinct palace guard regiment. Their functions, however, at least in the
2440:
1964:
1820:
1605:
1496:
1383:
198:
1739:
1491:
978:
459:
217:
169:
857:
222:
2645:
2069:
1795:
1615:
1501:
236:
123:
2570:
2160:
2002:
1446:
1252:
1226:
1221:
994:
970:
966:
933:
190:
2288:
2142:
1332:
1242:
1206:
1091:
821:
816:
1879:
484:
2531:
2514:
2335:
2094:
2059:
1942:
1874:
1409:
1352:
346:
valley by an unnamed
Byzantine emperor of old. In both cases, however, "Turks" probably implies the
1441:
1357:
1347:
1211:
974:
962:
849:
2641:
2519:
2509:
2383:
2054:
1937:
1854:
1717:
1069:
1049:
1029:
1019:
785:
428:
386:
363:
2575:
2480:
2413:
2393:
2361:
2293:
2280:
2201:
2196:
1947:
1712:
1562:
1081:
1034:
1024:
1014:
699:
675:
654:
644:
629:
500:
382:
2445:
2238:
2186:
2132:
2099:
2049:
1842:
1832:
1610:
1298:
1190:
1113:
1096:
1074:
1059:
1044:
958:
743:
492:
367:
311:
118:
71:
407:). Kodinos also records that they wore distinctive red uniforms and a "Persian" hat called
2590:
2423:
2403:
2398:
2353:
2343:
2303:
2298:
2243:
2024:
1630:
1547:
1542:
1282:
1272:
1108:
1102:
1086:
1064:
1054:
1039:
390:
133:
108:
58:
377:, their Cumans and Pechenegs identity by now much diluted, were being recruited into the
2428:
2308:
2041:
1800:
1694:
1680:
1479:
1342:
1183:
938:
689:
378:
339:
283:
151:
128:
35:
314:, which provided a palace guard regiment during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.
2663:
2348:
2225:
2191:
1929:
1864:
1837:
1722:
1337:
1277:
295:
326:
is uncertain. The name first appears in the tenth century, when a bishopric of the "
2109:
2084:
2064:
1869:
1847:
1702:
950:
945:
779:
443:
343:
335:
138:
693:
669:
623:
2610:
2585:
2079:
1889:
1656:
1262:
1247:
423:
417:
446:
in the tenth–eleventh centuries, known through their seals, are related to the
1884:
1744:
1734:
1567:
1557:
1267:
496:
174:
155:
358:" by the Byzantines in the tenth–eleventh centuries. Hence it seems that the
2433:
2313:
1805:
1673:
1620:
1552:
395:
351:
307:
76:
435:
accompanied the
Byzantine emperor to his military camp whilst on campaign.
17:
712:
671:
George
Akropolites: The History – Introduction, Translation and Commentary
1959:
1859:
1810:
1668:
1600:
1388:
101:
2325:
2211:
2152:
1651:
1625:
1303:
88:
2248:
1954:
1729:
1595:
347:
303:
160:
427:, first attested in the year 1166. The thirteenth-century historian
381:, and, at the latest during the latter part of the reign of Emperor
2233:
2559:
1990:
1775:
1467:
1134:
755:
716:
302:, were an ethnic and territorial group (probably originally of
653:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 2153.
2680:
Military units and formations established in the 12th century
288:
2476:
2376:
2334:
2279:
2224:
2179:
2151:
2108:
2040:
2001:
1928:
1786:
1693:
1639:
1578:
1535:
1478:
1422:
1397:
1366:
1325:
1316:
1291:
1235:
1199:
1145:
1003:
919:
866:
797:
768:
625:
The Late
Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204–1453
399:regiment, they were equipped only with a whip (the
628:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
366:in the tenth century, and that they had become
1103:Spain (Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands)
566:
564:
539:
537:
728:
643:Kazhdan, Alexander (1991). "Vardariotai". In
257:
8:
334:" is mentioned as subject to the diocese of
2556:
2007:
1998:
1987:
1783:
1772:
1484:
1475:
1464:
1322:
1149:
1142:
1131:
765:
752:
735:
721:
713:
695:The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos, 1143–1180
264:
250:
26:
698:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
570:
606:
594:
582:
555:
543:
528:
475:
421:guards corps. They were commanded by a
362:were Cumans and Pechenegs resettled in
209:
183:
50:
34:
485:"4 the Byzantine Turks in the Balkans"
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
7:
2670:Guards units of the Byzantine Empire
338:. The mid-fourteenth century writer
674:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
322:The exact origin and nature of the
650:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
438:It is unclear whether and how the
415:were the replacement of the older
25:
2601:Greek scholars in the Renaissance
2640:
42:
990:Decline of the Byzantine Empire
812:Constantinian–Valentinianic era
2075:Great Palace of Constantinople
1816:Patriarchate of Constantinople
489:The Byzantine Turks, 1204-1461
442:, administrative officials of
1:
2537:University of Constantinople
2118:Arch of Galerius and Rotunda
1268:Chartoularios tou vestiariou
957:Byzantine successor states (
373:By the twelfth century, the
370:by the end of that century.
2207:Saint Catherine's Monastery
1263:Chartoularios tou sakelliou
1258:Logothetes tou stratiotikou
63:'Classical' Byzantine army
2696:
2596:Neo-Byzantine architecture
1217:Comes sacrarum largitionum
622:Bartusis, Mark C. (1997).
465:Palaiologan Byzantine army
289:
2623:
2566:
2555:
2166:Sant'Apollinare in Classe
2010:
1997:
1986:
1782:
1771:
1487:
1474:
1463:
1152:
1141:
1130:
764:
751:
497:10.1163/9789004307759_006
483:Shukurov, Rustam (2016).
287:
1740:Droungarios of the Fleet
460:Komnenian Byzantine army
431:further states that the
170:Droungarios of the Fleet
2254:Early Byzantine mosaics
1616:Domestic of the Schools
668:Macrides, Ruth (2007).
237:Walls of Constantinople
124:Domestic of the Schools
30:Part of a series on the
2571:Byzantine commonwealth
1333:Praetorian prefectures
1253:Logothetes tou genikou
1227:Quaestor sacri palatii
1222:Comes rerum privatarum
995:Fall of Constantinople
934:Sack of Constantinople
195:revolts and civil wars
2271:Komnenian renaissance
2266:Macedonian period art
2171:Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
2143:Walls of Thessaloniki
1243:Logothetes tou dromou
858:Twenty Years' Anarchy
822:Valentinianic dynasty
817:Constantinian dynasty
310:origin) in the later
2468:Units of measurement
2202:Panagia Gorgoepikoos
2095:Pammakaristos Church
1943:Corpus Juris Civilis
1894:Missionary activity
1353:Exarchate of Ravenna
1179:Imperial bureaucracy
558:, pp. 271, 280.
491:. pp. 157–182.
210:Strategy and tactics
97:Palaiologan-era army
1992:Culture and society
1855:Ecumenical councils
1358:Exarchate of Africa
1348:Quaestura exercitus
1212:Magister officiorum
1207:Praetorian prefects
850:Byzantine Dark Ages
585:, pp. 279–280.
403:) and a staff (the
354:, who were called "
2675:Medieval Macedonia
2409:Flags and insignia
2055:Baths of Zeuxippus
1938:Codex Theodosianus
1828:Oriental Orthodoxy
786:Later Roman Empire
645:Kazhdan, Alexander
429:George Akropolites
387:Palaiologan period
84:Komnenian-era army
51:Structural history
2657:
2656:
2619:
2618:
2576:Byzantine studies
2551:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2362:Alexander Romance
2220:
2219:
2197:Nea Moni of Chios
2060:Blachernae Palace
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1948:Code of Justinian
1796:Eastern Orthodoxy
1767:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1689:
1688:
1563:Scholae Palatinae
1459:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1424:Foreign relations
1418:
1417:
1312:
1311:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
925:(1204–1453)
681:978-0-19-921067-1
383:Manuel I Komnenos
274:
273:
16:(Redirected from
2687:
2644:
2557:
2500:Imperial Library
2446:Byzantine Greeks
2187:Daphni Monastery
2138:Panagia Chalkeon
2133:Hagios Demetrios
2100:Prison of Anemas
2050:Basilica Cistern
2008:
1999:
1988:
1843:West Syriac Rite
1833:Alexandrian Rite
1784:
1777:Religion and law
1773:
1708:Maritime themata
1664:Palaiologan army
1517:Military manuals
1485:
1476:
1465:
1323:
1299:Megas logothetes
1150:
1143:
1132:
1005:By modern region
926:
873:
872:(717–1204)
804:
766:
753:
744:Byzantine Empire
737:
730:
723:
714:
709:
685:
664:
639:
610:
604:
598:
592:
586:
580:
574:
568:
559:
553:
547:
541:
532:
526:
511:
510:
480:
312:Byzantine Empire
293:
292:
291:
266:
259:
252:
228:Military manuals
184:Campaign history
119:Magister militum
46:
27:
21:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2684:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2615:
2591:Cyrillic script
2562:
2543:
2488:
2472:
2372:
2354:Digenes Akritas
2330:
2275:
2216:
2180:Other locations
2175:
2147:
2104:
2036:
2025:Cross-in-square
1993:
1974:
1924:
1778:
1759:
1685:
1635:
1631:Varangian Guard
1574:
1548:East Roman army
1543:Late Roman army
1531:
1470:
1451:
1414:
1393:
1362:
1308:
1287:
1283:Epi ton deeseon
1273:Epi tou eidikou
1231:
1195:
1137:
1118:
1105:
1008:
1006:
999:
985:Palaiologan era
927:
924:
915:
886:Nikephorian era
874:
871:
862:
805:
803:(330–717)
802:
793:
773:
760:
747:
741:
706:
690:Magdalino, Paul
688:
682:
667:
661:
642:
636:
621:
618:
613:
605:
601:
593:
589:
581:
577:
569:
562:
554:
550:
542:
535:
531:, p. 2153.
527:
514:
507:
482:
481:
477:
473:
456:
391:Varangian Guard
320:
270:
134:Stratopedarches
109:Varangian Guard
59:East Roman army
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2693:
2691:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2662:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2489:
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2486:
2483:
2477:
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2471:
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2465:
2460:
2455:
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2449:
2448:
2438:
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2431:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
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2391:
2386:
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2378:
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2373:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2157:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2123:Byzantine Bath
2120:
2114:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2044:
2042:Constantinople
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1940:
1934:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1801:Byzantine Rite
1792:
1790:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1705:
1699:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1681:Grand domestic
1678:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1647:Komnenian army
1643:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1522:Military units
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1492:Battle tactics
1488:
1482:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1428:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1184:Medieval Greek
1176:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1153:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1011:
1009:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
992:
987:
982:
955:
954:
953:
943:
942:
941:
939:Fourth Crusade
930:
928:
920:
917:
916:
914:
913:
908:
903:
898:
896:Macedonian era
893:
888:
883:
877:
875:
867:
864:
863:
861:
860:
855:
854:
853:
841:
836:
831:
829:Theodosian era
826:
825:
824:
819:
808:
806:
798:
795:
794:
792:
791:
790:
789:
776:
774:
769:
762:
761:
756:
749:
748:
742:
740:
739:
732:
725:
717:
711:
710:
704:
686:
680:
665:
659:
640:
634:
617:
614:
612:
611:
609:, p. 310.
599:
597:, p. 311.
587:
575:
573:, p. 231.
571:Magdalino 2002
560:
548:
546:, p. 280.
533:
512:
505:
474:
472:
469:
468:
467:
462:
455:
452:
379:Byzantine army
340:Pseudo-Kodinos
319:
316:
272:
271:
269:
268:
261:
254:
246:
243:
242:
241:
240:
233:Fortifications
230:
225:
220:
212:
211:
207:
206:
203:Constantinople
186:
185:
181:
180:
179:
178:
172:
163:
158:
152:Byzantine navy
146:
145:
144:
143:
142:
141:
136:
131:
129:Grand Domestic
126:
121:
111:
106:
105:
104:
94:
93:
92:
81:
80:
79:
74:
69:
61:
53:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
36:Byzantine army
32:
31:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2692:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2665:
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2498:
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2495:Encyclopedias
2493:
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2419:Hellenization
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2405:
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2400:
2397:
2395:
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2377:Everyday life
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2349:Acritic songs
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2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2192:Hosios Loukas
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
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2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1985:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
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1946:
1945:
1944:
1941:
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1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
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1911:
1909:
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1901:
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1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1865:Monophysitism
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1838:Armenian Rite
1836:
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1774:
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1756:
1755:Naval battles
1753:
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1724:
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1278:Protasekretis
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937:
936:
935:
932:
931:
929:
923:
918:
912:
909:
907:
906:Komnenian era
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
878:
876:
870:
865:
859:
856:
851:
847:
846:
845:
844:Heraclian era
842:
840:
839:Justinian era
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
823:
820:
818:
815:
814:
813:
810:
809:
807:
801:
796:
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738:
733:
731:
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724:
719:
718:
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707:
705:0-521-52653-1
701:
697:
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683:
677:
673:
672:
666:
662:
660:0-19-504652-8
656:
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651:
646:
641:
637:
635:0-8122-1620-2
631:
627:
626:
620:
619:
615:
608:
607:Macrides 2007
603:
600:
596:
595:Macrides 2007
591:
588:
584:
583:Bartusis 1997
579:
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
557:
556:Bartusis 1997
552:
549:
545:
544:Bartusis 1997
540:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
513:
508:
506:9789004307759
502:
498:
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476:
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353:
349:
345:
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337:
333:
329:
325:
317:
315:
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309:
305:
301:
297:
294:), sometimes
285:
281:
280:
267:
262:
260:
255:
253:
248:
247:
245:
244:
238:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
223:Siege warfare
221:
219:
216:
215:
214:
213:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
187:
182:
176:
173:
171:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
153:
150:
149:
148:
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140:
137:
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127:
125:
122:
120:
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107:
103:
100:
99:
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82:
78:
75:
73:
70:
68:
65:
64:
62:
60:
57:
56:
55:
54:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
29:
28:
19:
2360:
2128:Hagia Sophia
2110:Thessalonica
2085:Hagia Sophia
2065:Chora Church
2003:Architecture
1880:Great Schism
1870:Paulicianism
1848:Miaphysitism
1703:Karabisianoi
1007:or territory
967:Thessalonica
951:Latin Empire
946:Frankokratia
921:
881:Isaurian era
868:
799:
784:
780:Roman Empire
770:
694:
670:
648:
624:
602:
590:
578:
551:
529:Kazhdan 1991
488:
478:
447:
444:Thessalonica
439:
437:
432:
422:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
394:
374:
372:
359:
355:
344:Vardar river
336:Thessalonica
331:
327:
323:
321:
299:
278:
277:
275:
139:Protostrator
2611:Megali Idea
2586:Byzantinism
2289:Agriculture
2080:Hagia Irene
1913:Kievan Rus'
1890:Mount Athos
1713:Cibyrrhaeot
1657:Vestiaritai
1512:Mercenaries
1389:Catepanates
1248:Sakellarios
1167:Family tree
1092:Mesopotamia
911:Angelid era
891:Amorian era
448:Vardariotai
433:Vardariotai
424:primikerios
418:Manglabites
413:Vardariotai
375:Vardariotai
360:Vardariotai
328:Vardariotai
324:Vardariotai
290:Βαρδαριῶται
279:Vardariotai
18:Vardariotes
2664:Categories
2606:Third Rome
2532:University
2515:Philosophy
2505:Inventions
2368:Historians
2336:Literature
2319:Varangians
2161:San Vitale
2090:Hippodrome
2070:City Walls
1970:Mutilation
1965:Hexabiblos
1885:Bogomilism
1875:Iconoclasm
1745:Megas doux
1735:Greek fire
1718:Aegean Sea
1591:Kleisourai
1568:Excubitors
1558:Bucellarii
1410:Despotates
1379:Kleisourai
1318:Provincial
1162:Coronation
1136:Governance
901:Doukid era
834:Leonid era
471:References
409:angouroton
405:dekanikion
401:manglabion
368:Christians
300:Vardariots
296:Anglicized
175:Megas doux
156:Greek fire
2434:Octoechos
2314:Silk Road
1806:Hesychasm
1674:Paramonai
1621:Hetaireia
1553:Foederati
1442:Diplomacy
1437:Diplomats
1343:Provinces
1172:Empresses
975:Trebizond
771:Preceding
692:(2002) .
440:vardarioi
396:Paramonai
364:Macedonia
352:Pechenegs
308:Pechenegs
189:Lists of
77:Hetaireia
2527:Scholars
2520:Rhetoric
2510:Medicine
2485:Learning
2384:Calendar
2261:Painters
1960:Basilika
1898:Bulgaria
1860:Arianism
1811:Hayhurum
1788:Religion
1750:Admirals
1669:Allagion
1601:Droungos
1507:Generals
1469:Military
1432:Treaties
1338:Dioceses
1157:Emperors
1070:Sardinia
1050:Dalmatia
1030:Bulgaria
1020:Anatolia
979:Theodoro
973: /
969: /
961: /
454:See also
393:and the
166:Admirals
114:Generals
2636:Outline
2581:Museums
2481:Science
2458:Slavery
2414:Gardens
2394:Cuisine
2326:Dynatoi
2294:Coinage
2281:Economy
2249:Mosaics
2212:Mystras
2153:Ravenna
2015:Secular
1903:Moravia
1652:Pronoia
1626:Akritai
1611:Tagmata
1586:Themata
1527:Revolts
1497:Battles
1405:Kephale
1374:Themata
1304:Mesazon
1146:Central
1082:Maghreb
1035:Corsica
1025:Armenia
1015:Albania
758:History
647:(ed.).
616:Sources
356:Tourkoi
332:Tourkoi
318:History
218:Tactics
199:battles
102:allagia
89:pronoia
72:tagmata
2646:Portal
2561:Impact
2441:People
2389:Cities
2239:Enamel
2020:Sacred
1955:Ecloga
1821:Saints
1730:Dromon
1606:Bandon
1596:Tourma
1579:Middle
1502:Beacon
1384:Bandon
1367:Middle
1236:Middle
1191:Senate
1114:Thrace
1097:Serbia
1075:Sicily
1060:Greece
1045:Cyprus
963:Epirus
959:Nicaea
869:Middle
746:topics
702:
678:
657:
632:
503:
348:Cumans
304:Cumans
197:, and
161:Dromon
67:themes
2631:Index
2463:Death
2453:Women
2424:Music
2404:Dress
2399:Dance
2344:Novel
2304:Trade
2299:Mints
2244:Glass
2234:Icons
2030:Domes
1908:Serbs
1723:Samos
1536:Early
1326:Early
1200:Early
1109:Syria
1087:Malta
1065:Italy
1055:Egypt
1040:Crete
971:Morea
800:Early
284:Greek
2429:Lyra
2309:silk
1920:Jews
1695:Navy
1640:Late
1480:Army
1447:Wars
1398:Late
1292:Late
922:Late
700:ISBN
676:ISBN
655:ISBN
630:ISBN
501:ISBN
350:and
306:and
276:The
191:wars
2226:Art
1930:Law
493:doi
330:or
298:as
2666::
563:^
536:^
515:^
499:.
487:.
450:.
286::
193:,
154::
981:)
977:–
965:–
852:"
848:"
736:e
729:t
722:v
708:.
684:.
663:.
638:.
509:.
495::
282:(
265:e
258:t
251:v
239:)
235:(
205:)
201:(
177:)
168:(
91:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
