2451:
159:
1522:
1103:. The numbers 1–16 exhibit certain characteristics which are different from the method of counting from 17 to 32. In all places, however, the multiple of 4 usually has a unique term. Ventureño Chumash has the most complete, native Chumash system of numbers on record.
310:⟩ is used. It is not known whether these two phones are the same in both languages (and the difference in transcription merely one of convention), or whether the sounds were in fact different enough for Harrington to use different symbols.
969:. This applies especially to the verbs of the language, which has over 15 distinct morphological slots (when counting nominalized verbs). This is illustrated in the table below by the nominalized verb meaning "your wanting to make fun of us".
854:
Ventureño has been written in several different ways by different linguists. John
Peabody Harrington, who compiled most of the data on Ventureño, used a modified version of the
1451:
The Papers of John
Peabody Harrington in the Smithsonian 1907-1957: A Guide to the Field Notes: Native American History, Language, and Culture of Southern California/Basin
1578:
1376:
1516:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
169:
1547:
1571:
216:
723:
776:
717:
1605:
559:
1493:
1341:
2455:
1564:
654:
501:
855:
369:
181:
2363:
1399:
274:. Verbs play a primary role in Ventureño with utterances often composed only of a verb with clitics. Chumash word order is
882:
294:
Ventureño has a similar phonemic inventory to other
Chumash languages. Ventureño consists of 30 consonants and 6 vowels.
2477:
938:
647:
494:
376:
279:
275:
231:
to as far south as Malibu. Ventureño was spoken from as far north as present-day
Ventura to as far south as present-day
2424:
2319:
670:
552:
341:
262:, and oblique adjunct; with no separate word class for adjectives or adpositions. Nouns and verbs are often heavily
2163:
1859:
1846:
769:
487:
480:
392:
2099:
1100:
661:
2237:
2168:
515:
355:
191:
2199:
1587:
1446:
508:
1975:
2432:
1935:
1879:
1865:
1710:
966:
838:
834:
582:
545:
538:
423:
307:
303:
2124:
2038:
2032:
2020:
1872:
1853:
760:
753:
254:
language, having larger words composed of a number of morphemes. Ventureño has separate word classes of
1724:
270:) in Ventureño, affixing being a way to denote those meanings often conveyed by separate words in more
2026:
2006:
1696:
1641:
573:
267:
2414:
2157:
2013:
1717:
1703:
1686:
1544:
695:
688:
624:
617:
610:
603:
596:
589:
566:
224:
212:
95:
1512:
937:. This transcription is in keeping with most current Chumashists (such as Wash below) except that
2351:
2298:
2150:
2106:
1999:
1961:
1947:
1926:
1822:
1760:
858:. Harrington differed from the International Phonetic Alphabet in the following symbols: a kappa
531:
418:
413:
232:
2138:
2368:
2215:
2186:
2173:
2144:
2132:
2092:
2082:
2045:
1900:
1839:
1833:
1767:
1489:
1430:
A Pedagogical
Grammar of Ventureño Chumash: Implementing Grammatical Theory in Grammar Writing
1337:
709:
443:
428:
348:
271:
2409:
2399:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2346:
2314:
2308:
2292:
2256:
2225:
2179:
2068:
1968:
1885:
1781:
1743:
1674:
1660:
1391:
842:
438:
302:
Ventureño consists of a regular 5-vowel inventory with a sixth vowel transcribed as ⟨
75:
2404:
2356:
2231:
2193:
2113:
2062:
1993:
1941:
1895:
1813:
1802:
1795:
1788:
1774:
1753:
1649:
1614:
1551:
433:
228:
87:
878:
for a glottal stop (this symbol was also used for ejectives and glottalized sonorants).
2303:
2272:
2244:
2057:
2051:
1988:
1954:
1890:
1828:
1667:
1630:
1623:
918:
220:
149:
2471:
2266:
1981:
1913:
1906:
1654:
1372:
1316:
323:
251:
244:
56:
2204:
914:
819:
812:
803:
796:
788:
522:
1331:
1539:
335:
318:
283:
158:
384:
328:
240:
236:
67:
1484:
Beeler, Madison S. (1986). "Chumashan
Numerals". In Closs, Michael P. (ed.).
1017:
632:
469:
363:
142:
126:
1556:
1395:
885:
form of transcription for
Ventureño based on the work done by Harrington:
133:
742:
456:
199:
187:
17:
1333:
American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of native
America
464:
195:
1074:
166:
1059:
1028:
921:
sonorants are written with a combining apostrophe over the symbol
263:
259:
255:
1560:
1078:
1063:
1006:
984:
881:
The
Barbareño/Ventureño Band of Mission Indians has adopted an
1087:
DEM- ART- 2- NZ- DES- CAUS- {make fun of} -APL.LOC -1PL.REDUP
1039:
949:. Likewise, Ventureño writes postalveolar affricates () as
1359:
Adverbial
Clauses in Barbareño Chumash Narrative Discourse
198:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
1432:. Santa Barbara: University of California, Santa Barbara.
1361:. Santa Barbara: University of California, Santa Barbara.
995:
874:
for aspiration, and a right-turned (standard) apostrophe
1449:(1981). Mills, Elaine L.; Brockfield, Ann J. (eds.).
250:
Ventureño is, like its sister Chumashan languages, a
945:
in Ventureño, where other Chumashists write them as
2423:
2392:
2339:
2332:
2282:
2254:
2213:
2123:
2080:
1925:
1812:
1741:
1684:
1640:
1613:
1604:
140:
124:
119:
84:
74:
62:
52:
32:
1540:OLAC resources in and about the Ventureño language
1527:Collections Search Center, Smithsonian Institution
1319:(Report) (3rd ed.). UNESCO. 2010. p. 11.
1465:Beeler, Madison S. (1964). "Ventureño Numerals".
1517:Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
973:
306:⟩. In Barbareño transcriptions, ⟨
44:
38:
1441:
1439:
953:, where other Chumashists write this sound as
1572:
8:
1545:Ventureño at the California Language Archive
1455:Microfilm reels 69, 89, and 94 on Ventureño.
1084:lo- si- p- ʔal- suya- su- qoniš -pi -iyiyuw
2336:
1610:
1579:
1565:
1557:
165:Ventureño is classified as Extinct by the
157:
29:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1317:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
407:
312:
170:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
27:Extinct Chumashan language of California
1308:
192:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
2498:History of Ventura County, California
2493:Languages extinct in the 20th century
410:
7:
1377:"On the Six-Way Word Order Typology"
1523:"Chumash Ventureño Sound Recording"
1336:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
219:languages previously spoken by the
2488:Extinct languages of North America
2483:Indigenous languages of California
1467:Studies in Californian Linguistics
243:. Dialects probably also included
25:
818:
811:
802:
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694:
687:
669:
660:
653:
646:
623:
616:
609:
602:
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572:
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544:
537:
521:
514:
507:
500:
493:
486:
479:
391:
375:
368:
354:
347:
340:
2450:
2449:
1099:The Chumash languages exhibit a
1090:"your wanting to make fun of us"
833:Ventureño has only one lateral,
856:International Phonetic Alphabet
845:includes in his transcriptions.
841:has a distinct allophone that
1:
1488:. University of Texas Press.
965:Chumash morphology is fairly
1290:pake’et siwe ’iškom̓ tšikipš
1284:’iškom̓ siwe ’iškom̓ tšikipš
917:and for denoting ejectives.
909:for . A standard apostrophe
870:for , a reversed apostrophe
1486:Native American Mathematics
913:continues to be used for a
223:along the coastal areas of
211:is a member of the extinct
2514:
1599:indicate extinct languages
1428:Henry, Timothy P. (2012).
975:lošipałtšuyašuqonišpiyiyuw
2445:
1594:
1357:Wash, Suzanne M. (2001).
1101:quaternary numeral system
741:
708:
631:
520:
463:
442:
437:
432:
422:
417:
412:
346:
178:
156:
37:
1447:Harrington, John Peabody
1242:pake’et siwe itsmaxmasǝx
1236:’iškom̓ siwe itsmaxmasǝx
862:(small-cap 'k') for , a
1588:Languages of California
1330:Campbell, Lyle (1997).
1182:masǝx tskumu kampake’et
1069:
1054:
1046:
1035:
1024:
1013:
1002:
991:
980:
974:
45:
39:
2433:American Sign Language
1266:pake’et siwe yitimasǝx
1260:’iškom̓ siwe yitimasǝx
1254:itsmaxmasǝx kampake’et
1218:pake’et siwe tskumu’uy
1212:’iškom̓ siwe tskumu’uy
1194:pake’et siwe (tšikipš)
180:This article contains
2039:Southern Sierra Miwok
2033:Northern Sierra Miwok
1396:10.1075/sl.21.1.04dry
227:from as far north as
2027:Central Sierra Miwok
1278:yitimasǝx kampake’et
1230:tskumu’uy kampake’et
866:for , a slanted bar
2478:Chumashan languages
2364:Californian Spanish
1384:Studies in Language
939:alveolar affricates
225:Southern California
213:Chumashan languages
2352:California English
2283:Language isolates
1976:Tule–Kaweah Yokuts
1962:Kings River Yokuts
1948:Buena Vista Yokuts
1550:2014-05-08 at the
1513:Ventureño language
1206:tšikipš kampake’et
951:⟨tš⟩
943:⟨ts⟩
941:() are written as
935:⟨y̓⟩
931:⟨w̓⟩
927:⟨n̓⟩
923:⟨m̓⟩
272:analytic languages
2465:
2464:
2441:
2440:
2328:
2327:
1860:Southeastern Pomo
1847:Northeastern Pomo
1373:Dryer, Matthew S.
955:⟨č⟩
947:⟨c⟩
911:⟨’⟩
907:⟨q⟩
903:⟨y⟩
899:⟨ʰ⟩
895:⟨x⟩
891:⟨ł⟩
887:⟨š⟩
876:⟨’⟩
872:⟨‘⟩
868:⟨ł⟩
864:⟨q⟩
860:⟨к⟩
830:
829:
791:
749:
680:
639:
585:
534:
476:
459:
452:
401:
400:
206:
205:
188:rendering support
184:phonetic symbols.
16:(Redirected from
2505:
2453:
2452:
2347:American English
2337:
2320:Plains Sign Talk
2285:and unclassified
2100:New River Shasta
1611:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1558:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1515:overview at the
1500:
1499:
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1462:
1456:
1454:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1404:
1398:. Archived from
1381:
1369:
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1347:
1327:
1321:
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1313:
1080:
1076:
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1019:
1008:
997:
986:
977:
956:
952:
948:
944:
936:
932:
928:
924:
912:
908:
904:
901:for aspiration,
900:
896:
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888:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
840:
836:
822:
815:
806:
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80:mid-20th century
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2468:
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2437:
2419:
2388:
2357:Chicano English
2324:
2318:
2284:
2278:
2250:
2238:Southern Patwin
2209:
2169:Northern Paiute
2158:Luiseño-Juaneño
2119:
2076:
1921:
1808:
1737:
1680:
1636:
1600:
1590:
1585:
1552:Wayback Machine
1531:
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1300:
1296:’iškom̓ tšikipš
1097:
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1082:
1067:
1052:
1044:
1033:
1022:
1011:
1000:
989:
978:
963:
954:
950:
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468:
427:
406:
300:
292:
229:San Luis Obispo
217:Native American
186:Without proper
174:
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164:
148:
132:
125:
115:
91:
88:Language family
86:
43:
28:
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22:
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2333:Non-Indigenous
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1955:Gashowu Yokuts
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1507:External links
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1453:. Vol. 3.
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247:and Alliklik.
221:Chumash people
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190:, you may see
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120:Language codes
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72:
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53:Native to
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2181:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1982:Valley Yokuts
1980:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1936:Klamath-Modoc
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1880:Southern Pomo
1877:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1866:Northern Pomo
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1798:
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1708:
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1701:
1699:
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1689:
1688:
1683:
1677:
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1672:
1670:
1669:
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1662:
1658:
1656:
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1633:
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1628:
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1621:
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1612:
1609:
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1598:
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1577:
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1549:
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1538:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1511:
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1497:
1495:0-292-75531-7
1491:
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1472:
1468:
1461:
1458:
1452:
1448:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1405:on 2016-03-04
1401:
1397:
1393:
1390:(1): 69–103.
1389:
1385:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1360:
1353:
1350:
1345:
1343:9780195094275
1339:
1335:
1334:
1326:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1302:
1297:
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1291:
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1257:
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1233:
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1227:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1066:
1056:
1051:
1048:
1043:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1021:
1015:
1010:
1004:
999:
993:
988:
982:
976:
970:
968:
967:polysynthetic
960:
958:
940:
920:
916:
884:
879:
857:
849:
844:
832:
831:
826:
824:
821:
817:
814:
810:
808:
805:
801:
798:
794:
792:
787:
786:
783:
781:
778:
774:
771:
767:
765:
762:
758:
755:
751:
746:
744:
740:
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
725:
719:
715:
713:
711:
707:
704:
702:
700:
697:
693:
690:
686:
684:
682:
677:
676:
672:
668:
666:
663:
659:
656:
652:
649:
645:
643:
641:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
619:
615:
612:
608:
605:
601:
598:
594:
591:
587:
584:
580:
579:
575:
571:
568:
564:
561:
557:
554:
550:
547:
543:
540:
536:
533:
529:
528:
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513:
510:
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496:
492:
489:
485:
482:
478:
473:
471:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
448:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
409:
403:
397:
394:
390:
388:
386:
383:
382:
378:
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371:
367:
365:
362:
361:
357:
353:
350:
343:
339:
337:
334:
333:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
314:
311:
297:
295:
289:
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
252:polysynthetic
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
215:, a group of
214:
210:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
183:
177:
171:
168:
160:
155:
151:
147:
145:
144:
139:
135:
131:
128:
123:
118:
108:
105:
104:
102:
101:
99:
98:
97:
93:
89:
83:
79:
77:
73:
70:coastal areas
69:
65:
61:
58:
57:United States
55:
51:
47:
41:
36:
31:
19:
2454:
2313:
2307:
2297:
2291:
2271:
2265:
2255:
2243:
2236:
2224:
2214:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2156:
2149:
2137:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2081:
2067:
2050:
2031:
2021:Plains Miwok
2019:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1934:
1912:
1905:
1878:
1873:Central Pomo
1871:
1864:
1854:Eastern Pomo
1852:
1845:
1838:
1821:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1742:
1731:
1730:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1685:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1629:
1622:
1596:
1530:. Retrieved
1526:
1485:
1479:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1450:
1429:
1407:. Retrieved
1400:the original
1387:
1383:
1367:
1358:
1352:
1332:
1325:
1311:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1193:
1187:
1181:
1176:masǝx tskumu
1175:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1121:
1115:
1109:
1098:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1072:
1057:
1049:
1038:
1027:
1016:
1005:
994:
983:
964:
915:glottal stop
880:
853:
790:creaky voice
424:Postalveolar
301:
293:
249:
208:
207:
179:
141:
106:
46:mitsqanaqan̓
40:Mitsqanaqa'n
2200:Tübatulabal
2125:Uto Aztecan
2007:Coast Miwok
1248:itsmaxmasǝx
1140:yǝti’iškom̓
1134:yǝtipake’es
1050:make fun of
919:Glottalized
883:Americanist
850:Orthography
837:. However,
194:instead of
68:Californian
2472:Categories
2415:Vietnamese
2014:Lake Miwok
1711:Purisimeño
1642:Athabaskan
1606:Indigenous
1532:2012-07-20
1409:2024-01-26
1303:References
961:Morphology
905:for , and
843:Harrington
404:Consonants
241:California
237:Simi Hills
2299:Chimariko
2151:Kitanemuk
2107:Okwanuchu
2000:Bay Miwok
1969:Palewyami
1823:Chimariko
1768:Ramaytush
1761:Chochenyo
1732:Ventureño
1725:Barbareño
1687:Chumashan
1272:yitimasǝx
1224:tskumu’uy
1146:yǝtimasǝx
679:aspirated
633:Fricative
583:aspirated
470:Affricate
290:Phonology
209:Ventureño
143:Glottolog
127:ISO 639-3
107:Ventureño
96:Chumashan
66:Southern
33:Ventureño
18:Ventureno
2456:Category
2369:Armenian
2187:Tataviam
2174:Panamint
2145:Kawaiisu
2133:Cahuilla
2093:Konomihu
1927:Penutian
1901:Kumeyaay
1840:Atsugewi
1834:Achomawi
1697:Obispeño
1548:Archived
1473:: 13–18.
1375:(1997).
1164:ka’aškom
743:Sonorant
532:ejective
457:sibilant
419:Alveolar
414:Bilabial
282:, or VS/
268:prefixed
266:(mostly
235:and the
200:Help:IPA
150:vent1242
100:Southern
2410:Tagalog
2400:Chinese
2384:Russian
2379:Punjabi
2374:Persian
2315:Takelma
2309:Salinan
2293:Esselen
2226:Nomlaki
2216:Wintuan
2180:Serrano
2083:Shastan
2069:Nisenan
2046:Maiduan
1886:Kashaya
1782:Awaswas
1718:Ineseño
1704:Cruzeño
1675:Wailaki
1661:Mattole
1597:Italics
1200:tšikipš
1116:ʼiškom̓
1110:pakeʼet
1095:Numbers
1070:-iyiyuw
710:Lateral
465:Plosive
444:Glottal
429:Palatal
324:Central
264:affixed
196:Unicode
103:Central
76:Extinct
2405:Korean
2257:Yukian
2232:Patwin
2194:Tongva
2139:Cupeño
2114:Shasta
2063:Konkow
1942:Yokuts
1896:Mojave
1803:Chalon
1796:Rumsen
1789:Mutsun
1775:Tamyen
1754:Karkin
1744:Ohlone
1650:Tolowa
1492:
1340:
1152:malawa
1128:tskumu
897:for ,
893:for ,
889:for ,
439:Uvular
298:Vowels
245:Castac
233:Malibu
167:UNESCO
63:Region
2393:Asian
2304:Karuk
2273:Wappo
2245:Wintu
2058:Maidu
2052:Chico
1994:Miwok
1989:Wintu
1891:Washo
1829:Karuk
1814:Hokan
1668:Cahto
1631:Yurok
1624:Wiyot
1615:Algic
1403:(PDF)
1380:(PDF)
1122:masǝx
1079:REDUP
1047:qoniš
1025:suya-
748:plain
638:plain
475:plain
451:plain
434:Velar
336:Close
319:Front
2267:Yuki
2164:Mono
1914:Yahi
1907:Yana
1655:Hupa
1490:ISBN
1338:ISBN
1170:tǝlu
1158:tspa
1040:CAUS
1014:ʔal-
611:t͡ʃʰ
604:t͡sʰ
560:t͡ʃʼ
553:t͡sʼ
385:Open
329:Back
260:noun
256:verb
2205:Ute
1392:doi
1294:32
1288:31
1282:30
1276:29
1270:28
1264:27
1258:26
1252:25
1246:24
1240:23
1234:22
1228:21
1222:20
1216:19
1210:18
1204:17
1198:16
1192:15
1186:14
1180:13
1174:12
1168:11
1162:10
1075:1PL
1064:LOC
1060:APL
1055:-pi
1036:su-
1029:DES
996:ART
992:si-
985:DEM
981:lo-
839:/l/
835:/l/
502:t͡ʃ
495:t͡s
364:Mid
280:VOS
276:VSO
182:IPA
134:veo
2474::
2312:,
2306:,
2302:,
2296:,
2270:,
1525:.
1471:34
1469:.
1438:^
1418:^
1388:21
1386:.
1382:.
1156:9
1150:8
1144:7
1138:6
1132:5
1126:4
1120:3
1114:2
1108:1
1018:NZ
1003:p-
957:.
933:,
929:,
925:,
820:w̰
813:j̰
804:n̰
797:m̰
727:)
696:ʃʰ
689:sʰ
625:qʰ
618:kʰ
597:tʰ
590:pʰ
574:qʼ
567:kʼ
546:tʼ
539:pʼ
286:.
284:VO
258:,
239:,
1580:e
1573:t
1566:v
1535:.
1498:.
1412:.
1394::
1346:.
1077:.
1073:-
1062:.
1058:-
1042:-
1031:-
1020:-
1009:-
1007:2
998:-
987:-
777:w
770:j
761:n
754:m
724:ɬ
721:(
718:l
671:h
662:x
655:ʃ
648:s
523:ʔ
516:q
509:k
488:t
481:p
467:/
426:/
393:a
377:o
370:e
356:u
349:ə
342:i
308:ɨ
304:ə
278:/
202:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
