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explicitly distinguishes the two fields in his claim that visual culture studies "helps us to see that even something as broad as the image does not exhaust the field of visuality; that visual studies is not the same thing as image studies, and that the study of the visual image is just one component
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Because of the changing technological aspects of visual culture as well as a scientific method-derived desire to create taxonomies or articulate what the "visual" is, many aspects of Visual
Culture overlap with the study of science and technology, including hybrid electronic media, cognitive science,
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The field's versatility stems from the range of objects contained under the term "visual culture", which aggregates "visual events in which information, meaning or pleasure is sought by the consumer in an interface with visual technology". The term "visual technology" refers any media designed for
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explicates the rise of this tie between the visual and the technological: "Insofar as we live in a culture whose technological advances abet the production and dissemination of such images at a hitherto unimagined level, it is necessary to focus on how they work and what they do, rather than move
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clarifies, "Although images of all kinds have long served as illustrations of arguments made discursively, the growth of visual culture as a field has allowed them to be examined more in their own terms as complex figural artifacts or the stimulants to visual experiences."
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to study the visual culture of a whole region of early-modern Europe in all its facets: landscape painting and perception, optics and perspectival studies, geography and topographic measurements, united in a common
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past them too quickly to the ideas they represent or the reality they purport to depict. In so doing, we necessarily have to ask questions about ... technological mediations and extensions of visual experience."
353:. As "the turn from art history to visual culture studies parallels a turn from theater studies to performance studies", it is clear that the perspectival shift that both emerging fields embody is comparable.
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While the image remains a focal point in visual culture studies, it is the relations between images and consumers that are evaluated for their cultural significance, not just the image in and of itself.
288:, Mitchell stated that we were undergoing a major paradigm shift in sciences and society which turned images, rather than verbal language, to the paradigmatic vectors of our relationship to the world.
903:(2003). Blue Jeans. Alterations of a Thing, a Body, a Nation In: Heinz Tschachler, Maureen Devine, Michael Draxlbauer (eds.), The EmBodyment of American Culture, Muenster: LIT Verlag, 2003, 87–100.
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Rampley, Matthew (2012). "Bildwissenschaft: Theories of the Image in German-Language
Scholarship". In Rampley, Matthew; Lenain, Thierry; Locher, Hubert; Pinotti, Andrea; Schoell-Glass, Charlotte;
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made similar claims in the German-speaking context, when talking about an "iconic turn"., as did
Marshall McLuhan when speaking of television in terms of creating an "intensely visual culture"
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308:. He points to an under theorised approach to the use of visual representation which leads to a corpuscular theory of knowledge and information which leads to their atomisation.
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Alloa, Emmanuel (ed.), Gottfried Boehm, Marie-José Mondzain, Jean-Luc Nancy, Emanuele Coccia, W. J. T. Mitchell, Horst
Bredekamp, Georges Didi-Huberman, Hans Belting (2011).
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272:"Visual Culture" goes by a variety of names at different institutions, including Visual and Critical Studies, Visual and Cultural Studies, and Visual Studies.
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Boehm, Gottfried & Mitchell, W.. (2009). Pictorial versus Iconic Turn: Two
Letters. Culture, Theory and Critique. 50. 103-121. 10.1080/14735780903240075.
341:, focused only on artistic images, assuming a distinction with non-artistic ones, while in visual culture studies there is typically no such distinction.
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is not explicitly political. WJT Mitchell and
Gottfried Boehm have had a discussion about these potential differences in an exchange of letters
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Leni
Riefenstahl and German Expressionism: A Study of Visual Cultural Studies Using Transdisciplinary Semantic Space of Specialized Dictionaries
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has published a systematic comparative history in which various patterns of their emergence, stabilization and diffusion are identified.
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In the German-speaking world, analogous discussions about "Bildwissenschaft" (image studies) are conducted, a.o., by
Gottfried Boehm,
178:("image studies") in Germany. Both fields are not entirely new, as they can be considered reformulations of issues of photography and
415:, and its emphasis on continuities over breaks with the past. Whereas Anglo-American visual studies can be seen as a continuation of
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Rarey, Matthew (2012). "Visualism". In Elkins, James; McGuire, Kristi; Burns, Maureen; Chester, Alicia; Kuennen, Joel (eds.).
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Conti, Uliano (2016), Lo spazio del visuale. Manuale sull'utilizzo dell'immagine nella ricerca sociale, Armando, Roma,
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Craven, David (2014). "The New German Art
History: From Ideological Critique and the Warburg Renaissance to the
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and
Anglophone cultural and visual studies include the former's examination of images dating from the
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to an extent paralleled that of the field of visual culture in the United Kingdom and United States,
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As visual culture studies, in the United States, have begun to address areas previously studied by
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Visual culture studies have been increasingly important in religious studies through the work of
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also played important roles in creating a foundation for the discipline. For the history of art,
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Among theorists working within contemporary culture, this field of study often overlaps with
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History of Visual Culture in P. Burke & Marek Tamm, Debating New Approaches to History
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Art History and Visual Studies in Europe: Transnational Discourses and National Frameworks
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to criticise the dominating role of vision in scientific discourse, through such terms as
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Smith, Marquard, 'Visual Culture Studies: Questions of History, Theory, and Practice' in
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881:"Performing Show and Tell: Disciplines of Visual Culture and Performance Studies"
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purposes of perception or with the potential to augment our visual capability.
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Visual culture studies may also overlap with another emerging field, that of
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Centre for Visual & Cultural Studies, Edinburgh College of Art, Scotland
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Jay, Martin (ed.), 'The State of Visual Culture Studies', themed issue of
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Vizuális Kultúra: Elméleti és kritikai tanulmányok a képzőművészet köréből
284:'s text on the "Pictorial Turn" was highly influential. In analogy to the
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1754:
551:. The first book titled Visual Culture (Vizuális Kultúra) was written by
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Visual Culture: Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies, 4 vols
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679:. Minneapolis, Minn: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 233–254.
407:
than that afforded to visual culture. Significant differences between
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247:
231:
677:
Senses and Culture: Exploring the World Through Sensory Orientations
1300:
All Consuming Images: The Politics of Style in Contemporary Culture
3283:
1724:
136:
1729:
1693:
William Blake and Visual Culture: A Special Issue of the Journal
1178:(1st ed.). Brussels: Editions de l'université de Bruxelles.
1079:
Visual Cultures in Science and Technology - A Comparative History
258:
neurology, and image and brain theory. In an interview with the
1760:
Visual Culture and Communication @ Zurich University of the Arts
1714:
1356:
Mediale Emotionen. Zur Lenkung von Gefühlen durch Bild und Sound
914:"Visual Culture/Visual Studies: Inventory of Recent Definitions"
456:
300:
The term "Visualism" was developed by the German anthropologist
3133:
1779:
1247:
Visual Culture: The Study of the Visual after the Cultural Turn
19:"Visual studies" redirects here. For the academic journal, see
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182:
that had been raised from the 1920s and 1930s by authors like
25:
1764:
675:
Bahan, Ben (2014). "Raising the Stakes for Human Diversity".
1174:
Bartholeyns, Gil; Dierkens, Alain; Golsenne, Thomas (2010).
477:
The Art of Describing: Dutch Art in the Seventeenth Century
1775:
479:(Chicago 1983) in which she took up an earlier impulse of
856:
Theorizing Visual Studies: Writing Through the Discipline
1631:
Practices of Looking: An Introduction to Visual Culture
1138:
Looking Through Images. A Phenomenology of Visual Media
1759:
1745:
Visual Studies @ University of California, Santa Cruz
1130:
Dynamis of the Image. Moving Images in a Global World
139:. Many academic fields study this subject, including
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Sciences et Cultures du Visuel @ University of Lille
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1878:
1827:
1533:Morra, Joanne & Smith, Marquard (eds.) (2006).
1006:
Estetika: The Central European Journal of Aesthetic
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1393:Manghani, Sunil; Jon Simons; Arthur Piper (2006).
1297:
1244:
785:
783:
732:
174:in the United States corresponds or parallels the
1750:Interfaces: Studies in Visual Culture book series
1735:Visual Studies @ University of California, Irvine
710:
708:
706:
704:
555:in 1976. For history of science and technology,
1703:Introduction to Media Theory and Visual Culture
491:Major works on visual culture include those by
1506:Michael Ann, Holly & Moxey, Keith (2002).
1229:. London: BBC and Penguin. ISBN 9780563122449.
431:Early work on visual culture has been done by
3145:
1791:
1128:Alloa, Emmanuel; Cappelletto, Chiara (eds.),
8:
1198:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1120:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
16:Aspect of culture expressed in visual images
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1798:
1784:
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1730:International Visual Sociology Association
1602:A Companion to Contemporary Art Since 1945
1327:(1st ed.). London: Arnold Publisher.
419:in its attempt to reveal power relations,
246:, and any other medium that has a crucial
1755:Contemporary International Visual Culture
1715:Duke University Visual Studies Initiative
1570:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1377:Visual Cultures in Science and Technology
1323:Fuery, Kelli & Patrick Fuery (2003).
819:W. J. T. Mitchell, "The Pictorial Turn",
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
1688:viz.: Rhetoric, Visual Culture, Pedagogy
1346:Virtual Art. From Illusion to Immersion.
1272:Visual Studies: A Skeptical Introduction
1100:(2nd ed.). Dijon: Presses du réel.
467:as well as iconic phenomenologists like
1508:Art History, Aesthetics, Visual Studies
1140:. New York: Columbia University Press.
667:
1725:Visual Studies @ University of Houston
1560:
1550:
1191:
1113:
1022:
769:
759:
312:Relationship with other areas of study
280:In the development of Visual Studies,
1720:Goldsmiths Visual Cultures Department
459:. Twentieth-century pioneers such as
7:
3093:
2694:Role of Christianity in civilization
1438:, vol.4, no.2, August 2005, London:
1381:, Oxford, Oxford Univ. Press, 2014.
448:Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema
399:occupies a more central role in the
54:adding citations to reliable sources
3105:
1491:(2nd ed.). London: Routledge.
527:. Continuing work has been done by
455:'s theorization of the unconscious
1358:. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2005.
1325:Visual Culture and Critical Theory
1082:, Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press 2014.
14:
1580:Religion, Art, and Visual Culture
1466:An Introduction to Visual Culture
3104:
3092:
3081:
3080:
1815:
1487:Mirzoeff, Nicholas, ed. (2002).
1348:MIT-Press, Cambridge/Mass. 2003.
975:10.2752/175613114X13998876655059
475:published a pioneering study on
30:
2906:Culture and positive psychology
1816:
1510:(1st ed.). Massachusetts:
1251:(1st ed.). Cambridge, Ma:
1243:Dikovitskaya, Margaret (2005).
1206:Bartholeyns, Gil (ed.) (2016),
858:. Routledge. pp. 278–281.
41:needs additional citations for
2345:High- and low-context cultures
1304:(1st ed.). New York, NY:
1:
3176:Biological data visualization
1132:, New York: De Gruyter, 2020.
451:, 1975) that follows on from
2911:Culture and social cognition
1896:Cross-cultural communication
1706:, by Professor Martin Irvine
1368:. MIT-Press, Cambridge 2011.
1214:1996) by Isabelle Decobecq.
829:Culture, Theory and Critique
2993:Intercultural communication
1420:. London: Intellect Books.
1366:Imagery in the 21st Century
4048:
3216:Mathematical visualization
2436:Cross cultural sensitivity
2103:Resistance through culture
1629:; Lisa Cartwright (2007).
385:Though the development of
236:traditional artistic media
18:
3211:Information visualization
3196:Educational visualization
3076:
3048:Transformation of culture
2481:Cultural environmentalism
1911:Cross-cultural psychology
1906:Cross-cultural psychiatry
1901:Cross-cultural leadership
1813:
1710:Visual Culture Collective
1700:Material collection from
1660:Journal of Visual Culture
1489:The Visual Culture Reader
1436:Journal of Visual Culture
1176:La Performance des images
1155:Bartholeyns, Gil (2018).
998:"The Idea of a Universal
799:Journal of Visual Culture
391:("image-science") in the
261:Journal of Visual Culture
3387:Charles-René de Fourcroy
3236:Scientific visualization
3163:of technical information
3008:Living things in culture
2998:Intercultural competence
2901:Culture and menstruation
2400:Trans-cultural diffusion
1633:(2nd ed.). Oxford:
1416:Manghani, Sunil (2008).
1354:, Andreas Keil (Hrsg.):
1136:Alloa, Emmanuel (2021).
714:Pinotti, Somaini (2016)
21:Visual Studies (journal)
2819:Cultural homogenization
2049:Individualistic culture
1983:Popular culture studies
1968:Intercultural relations
1635:Oxford University Press
1379:- A Comparative History
735:What is Visual Culture?
3807:Christopher R. Johnson
3359:Technical illustration
3246:Software visualization
2754:Archaeological culture
2501:Cultural globalization
2370:Organizational culture
2218:Cultural communication
2176:Cultural appropriation
1963:Intercultural learning
1891:Cross-cultural studies
1270:Elkins, James (2003).
1159:. London: Bloomsbury.
996:Gaiger, Jason (2014).
589:, and S. Brent Plate.
375:of the larger field."
226:; it can also include
172:visual culture studies
3701:Lawrence J. Rosenblum
3514:Edward Walter Maunder
3438:Charles Joseph Minard
3256:User interface design
3231:Product visualization
3023:Participatory culture
2814:Cultural evolutionism
2638:Multiracial democracy
2516:Cultural intelligence
2461:Cultural conservatism
2451:Cultural backwardness
2441:Cultural assimilation
2315:Cultural reproduction
2171:Cultural appreciation
2123:Far-right subcultures
2013:Transcultural nursing
1978:Philosophy of culture
1855:Cultural neuroscience
1835:Cultural anthropology
1537:. London: Routledge.
1516:Yale University Press
1225:Berger, John (1972).
537:Margaret Dikovitskaya
513:Jean-François Lyotard
469:Maurice Merleau-Ponty
393:German-speaking world
335:social history of art
212:psychoanalytic theory
3981:Scientific modelling
3956:Information graphics
3696:Clifford A. Pickover
3646:William S. Cleveland
3554:Henry Norris Russell
3539:Howard G. Funkhouser
3483:Florence Nightingale
3448:Francis Amasa Walker
3344:Statistical graphics
3266:Volume visualization
3241:Social visualization
3018:Oppositional culture
2988:Emotions and culture
2896:Cultural sensibility
2886:Cultural translation
2824:Cultural institution
2804:Cultural determinism
2526:Cultural nationalism
2511:Cultural imperialism
2471:Cultural deprivation
2365:Non-material culture
1998:Sociology of culture
1993:Semiotics of culture
1208:Politiques visuelles
1044:Miklós, Pál (1976).
635:Visual communication
587:Jeffrey F. Hamburger
50:improve this article
3961:Information science
3924:in computer science
3716:Sheelagh Carpendale
3651:George G. Robertson
3488:Karl Wilhelm Pohlke
3423:André-Michel Guerry
3299:Graph of a function
3294:Engineering drawing
2869:Culture speculation
2864:Cultural relativism
2794:Cultural competence
2684:Cultural Christians
2556:Cultural Revolution
2546:Cultural radicalism
2521:Cultural liberalism
2456:Cultural Bolshevism
2431:Consumer capitalism
2385:Relational mobility
2325:Cultural technology
2233:Cultural dissonance
2150:Culture by location
2113:Alternative culture
2029:Constructed culture
2008:Theology of culture
1948:Cultural psychology
1928:Cultural entomology
1666:Publisher's Website
1512:Clark Art Institute
844:MIT Press (1964) 45
842:Understanding Media
831:57.2 (2016) 228-250
695:10.5749/j.ctt9qh3m7
630:Visual anthropology
413:early modern period
351:performance studies
345:Performance studies
224:study of television
4001:Volume cartography
3765:Early 21st century
3661:Catherine Plaisant
3656:Bruce H. McCormick
3610:Mary Eleanor Spear
3600:Arthur H. Robinson
3534:Arthur Lyon Bowley
3507:Early 20th century
3354:Technical drawings
3226:Molecular graphics
3201:Flow visualization
3191:Data visualization
3028:Permission culture
2961:Disability culture
2941:Children's culture
2809:Cultural diversity
2769:Circuit of culture
2551:Cultural retention
2531:Cultural pessimism
2486:Cultural exception
2476:Cultural diplomacy
2466:Cultural contracts
2426:Colonial mentality
2355:Manuscript culture
2330:Cultural universal
2300:Cultural pluralism
2280:Cultural landscape
2275:Cultural invention
2243:Cultural framework
2145:Vernacular culture
1943:Cultural mediation
1923:Cultural economics
1918:Cultural analytics
1850:Cultural geography
1840:Cultural astronomy
1618:Yoshida,Yukihiko,
1584:Palgrave Macmillan
1563:has generic name (
1462:Mirzoeff, Nicholas
963:Art in Translation
961:of the Three Bs".
879:Jackson, Shannon.
840:Marshall McLuhan,
791:"That Visual Turn"
729:Mirzoeff, Nicholas
228:video game studies
192:Siegfried Kracauer
188:László Moholy-Nagy
4019:
4018:
3996:Visual perception
3946:Graphic organizer
3919:Computer graphics
3890:
3889:
3872:Martin Wattenberg
3847:Hanspeter Pfister
3802:Martin Krzywinski
3726:Jock D. Mackinlay
3706:Thomas A. DeFanti
3629:Late 20th century
3549:Ejnar Hertzsprung
3251:Technical drawing
3127:
3126:
2956:Death and culture
2849:Cultural movement
2839:Cultural literacy
2699:Eastern Orthodoxy
2611:Dominator culture
2606:Deculturalization
2506:Cultural hegemony
2496:Cultural genocide
2491:Cultural feminism
2310:Cultural property
2305:Cultural practice
2290:Cultural leveling
2285:Cultural learning
2270:Cultural industry
2265:Cultural identity
2248:Cultural heritage
2238:Cultural emphasis
2223:Cultural conflict
2196:Cultural behavior
2186:Cultural artifact
2098:Primitive culture
2074:Political culture
1644:978-0-19-531440-3
1614:978-1-4051-3542-9
1578:Plate, S. Brent,
1544:978-0-415-32641-4
1525:978-0-300-09789-4
1498:978-0-415-25222-5
1479:978-0-415-15876-3
1427:978-1-84150-190-1
1408:978-1-4129-0045-4
1387:978-0-19-871787-4
1334:978-0-340-80748-4
1315:978-0-465-00101-9
1285:978-0-415-96681-8
1262:978-0-262-04224-6
1220:978-2-84066-745-2
1185:978-2-8004-1474-4
746:978-0-415-14134-5
541:Nicholas Mirzoeff
493:W. J. T. Mitchell
481:Michael Baxandall
465:William Ivins Jr.
372:W. J. T. Mitchell
131:is the aspect of
126:
125:
118:
100:
4039:
4032:Cultural studies
4006:Volume rendering
3991:Visual analytics
3986:Spatial analysis
3966:Misleading graph
3817:David McCandless
3792:Gordon Kindlmann
3756:Alfred Inselberg
3751:Leland Wilkinson
3686:Michael Friendly
3620:Howard T. Fisher
3583:Mid 20th century
3524:W. E. B. Du Bois
3428:William Playfair
3418:Adolphe Quetelet
3392:Joseph Priestley
3375:Pre-19th century
3372:
3339:Skeletal formula
3206:Geovisualization
3181:Chemical imaging
3154:
3147:
3140:
3131:
3108:
3107:
3096:
3095:
3084:
3083:
2973:Drinking culture
2926:Culture industry
2874:Cultural tourism
2854:Cultural mulatto
2829:Cultural jet lag
2764:Cannabis culture
2721:Cultural Muslims
2643:Pluriculturalism
2626:Multiculturalism
2616:Interculturalism
2591:Culture minister
2581:Cultural Zionism
2576:Cultural subsidy
2571:Cultural silence
2446:Cultural attaché
2405:Transculturation
2360:Material culture
2350:Interculturality
2206:Cultural capital
2191:Cultural baggage
2128:Youth subculture
2069:Official culture
2034:Dominant culture
1973:Internet culture
1938:Cultural mapping
1933:Cultural history
1860:Cultural studies
1845:Cultural ecology
1819:
1818:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1777:
1681:Culture Visuelle
1648:
1575:
1568:
1562:
1558:
1556:
1548:
1529:
1502:
1483:
1431:
1412:
1395:Images: A Reader
1338:
1319:
1303:
1289:
1266:
1250:
1203:
1197:
1189:
1170:
1151:
1125:
1119:
1111:
1083:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1000:Bildwissenschaft
993:
987:
986:
959:Bildwissenschaft
954:
948:
947:
944:Brill Publishers
931:
925:
924:
922:
920:
910:
904:
898:
892:
891:
889:
887:
876:
870:
869:
851:
845:
838:
832:
825:Was ist ein Bild
817:
811:
810:
808:
806:
795:
787:
778:
777:
771:
767:
765:
757:
755:
753:
738:
725:
719:
712:
699:
698:
672:
655:Visual sociology
585:, Sally Promey,
497:Griselda Pollock
421:Bildwissenschaft
409:Bildwissenschaft
397:Bildwissenschaft
388:Bildwissenschaft
380:Bildwissenschaft
176:Bildwissenschaft
141:cultural studies
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
65:"Visual culture"
58:
34:
26:
4047:
4046:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4015:
4011:Information art
3951:Imaging science
3896:
3886:
3867:Fernanda Viégas
3862:Moritz Stefaner
3787:Jessica Hullman
3760:
3731:Alan MacEachren
3681:Ben Shneiderman
3624:
3578:
3502:
3401:
3363:
3276:
3270:
3221:Medical imaging
3164:
3158:
3128:
3123:
3072:
3063:Western culture
3058:Welfare culture
2983:Eastern culture
2844:Cultural mosaic
2799:Cultural critic
2789:Cultural center
2737:
2711:Cultural Hindus
2657:
2648:Polyculturalism
2621:Monoculturalism
2596:Culture of fear
2566:Cultural safety
2561:Cultural rights
2541:Cultural racism
2536:Cultural policy
2414:
2320:Cultural system
2295:Cultural memory
2228:Cultural cringe
2154:
2086:Popular culture
2017:
1953:Cultural values
1874:
1823:
1809:
1804:
1655:
1645:
1627:Sturken, Marita
1625:
1569:
1559:
1549:
1545:
1532:
1526:
1505:
1499:
1486:
1480:
1460:
1428:
1415:
1409:
1392:
1372:Klaus Hentschel
1335:
1322:
1316:
1292:
1286:
1269:
1263:
1242:
1190:
1186:
1173:
1167:
1154:
1148:
1135:
1112:
1108:
1095:
1092:
1090:Further reading
1087:
1086:
1074:Klaus Hentschel
1071:
1067:
1060:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1021:
1017:
995:
994:
990:
956:
955:
951:
936:Zijlmans, Kitty
933:
932:
928:
918:
916:
912:
911:
907:
899:
895:
885:
883:
878:
877:
873:
866:
853:
852:
848:
839:
835:
818:
814:
804:
802:
793:
789:
788:
781:
768:
758:
751:
749:
747:
727:
726:
722:
716:Cultura visuale
713:
702:
687:
674:
673:
669:
664:
659:
650:Visual rhetoric
645:Visual literacy
615:Media influence
595:
576:Gil Bartholeyns
557:Klaus Hentschel
529:Lisa Cartwright
517:Rosalind Krauss
486:mapping impulse
473:Svetlana Alpers
429:
417:critical theory
383:
359:
347:
339:New Art History
319:
314:
302:Johannes Fabian
298:
290:Gottfried Boehm
286:linguistic turn
278:
204:
196:Walter Benjamin
149:critical theory
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4045:
4043:
4035:
4034:
4024:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3976:Patent drawing
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3941:Graphic design
3938:
3933:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3900:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3882:Hadley Wickham
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3837:Tamara Munzner
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3736:David Goodsell
3733:
3728:
3723:
3721:Cynthia Brewer
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3615:Edgar Anderson
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3590:Jacques Bertin
3586:
3584:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3544:John B. Peddle
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3510:
3508:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3498:Francis Galton
3495:
3493:Toussaint Loua
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3473:Georg von Mayr
3470:
3465:
3463:Matthew Sankey
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3378:
3376:
3369:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3329:Sankey diagram
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3261:Visual culture
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3165:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3134:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3114:
3102:
3090:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2859:Cultural probe
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2784:Cross-cultural
2781:
2779:Coffee culture
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2749:Animal culture
2745:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2653:Transculturism
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2586:Culture change
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2410:Visual culture
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2390:Safety culture
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2211:Cross-cultural
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1888:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1870:Culture theory
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1788:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1698:
1690:
1685:
1677:
1673:Visual Studies
1669:
1654:
1653:External links
1651:
1650:
1649:
1643:
1623:
1616:
1594:
1576:
1543:
1530:
1524:
1503:
1497:
1484:
1478:
1458:
1432:
1426:
1418:Image Critique
1413:
1407:
1390:
1369:
1359:
1349:
1339:
1333:
1320:
1314:
1290:
1284:
1267:
1261:
1240:
1230:
1227:Ways of Seeing
1223:
1204:
1184:
1171:
1165:
1152:
1146:
1133:
1126:
1107:978-2840663430
1106:
1098:Penser l'image
1091:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1065:
1059:978-9632702988
1058:
1036:
1027:
1025:, p. 213.
1015:
988:
949:
946:. p. 121.
926:
905:
893:
871:
864:
846:
833:
812:
779:
745:
720:
700:
686:978-0816691227
685:
666:
665:
663:
660:
658:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
610:Asemic writing
607:
602:
596:
594:
591:
572:André Gunthert
533:Marita Sturken
509:Roland Barthes
501:Giuliana Bruno
438:Ways of Seeing
428:
425:
382:
377:
358:
355:
346:
343:
318:
315:
313:
310:
297:
294:
277:
276:Pictorial Turn
274:
203:
200:
129:Visual culture
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4044:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3936:Graph drawing
3934:
3932:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3893:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3857:Claudio Silva
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3822:Mauro Martino
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3746:Michael Maltz
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3711:George Furnas
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3691:Howard Wainer
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3595:Rudolf Modley
3593:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3559:Max O. Lorenz
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3468:Charles Booth
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3443:Luigi Perozzo
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3433:August Kekulé
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3413:Charles Dupin
3411:
3410:
3408:
3404:
3398:
3397:Gaspard Monge
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3382:Edmond Halley
3380:
3379:
3377:
3373:
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135:expressed in
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61:Find sources:
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39:This article
37:
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3971:Neuroimaging
3931:CPK coloring
3914:Color coding
3852:Hans Rosling
3832:Miriah Meyer
3797:Aaron Koblin
3782:Jeffrey Heer
3676:Edward Tufte
3671:Pat Hanrahan
3641:Nigel Holmes
3519:Otto Neurath
3458:Oliver Byrne
3406:19th century
3260:
3116:
3109:
3097:
3085:
3033:Rape culture
2978:Drug culture
2966:Deaf culture
2951:Cyberculture
2921:Culture hero
2834:Cultural lag
2774:Civilization
2674:Christianity
2409:
2380:Protoculture
2064:Microculture
2044:High culture
2039:Folk culture
1988:Postcritique
1769:
1701:
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1683:social media
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583:David Morgan
580:
568:Maxime Boidy
564:Hans Belting
561:
525:Slavoj Žižek
490:
485:
476:
461:György Kepes
446:
443:Laura Mulvey
441:, 1972) and
436:
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420:
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401:liberal arts
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384:
379:
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360:
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282:WJT Mitchell
279:
271:
259:
256:
252:
220:queer theory
208:film studies
205:
175:
171:
169:
165:anthropology
161:Deaf Studies
128:
127:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
3904:Cartography
3842:Ade Olufeko
3812:Manuel Lima
3741:Kwan-Liu Ma
3666:Stuart Card
3636:Borden Dent
3574:Erwin Raisz
3529:Henry Gantt
3111:WikiProject
3043:Tea culture
2946:Culturalism
2916:Culture gap
2879:Pop-culture
2679:Catholicism
2601:Culture war
2059:Low culture
1958:Culturomics
1865:Culturology
1362:Oliver Grau
1352:Oliver Grau
1342:Oliver Grau
1306:Basic Books
1023:Gaiger 2014
770:|work=
605:Art history
545:Irit Rogoff
505:Stuart Hall
433:John Berger
323:art history
317:Art history
306:observation
264:, academic
250:component.
240:advertising
216:sex studies
184:Béla Balázs
180:film theory
145:art history
3827:John Maeda
3605:John Tukey
3569:Harry Beck
3564:Fritz Kahn
3314:Photograph
2108:Subculture
1886:Bioculture
1770:Master SCV
1604:, Oxford:
1468:. London:
1397:. London:
1238:8869921409
969:(2): 140.
919:2 November
886:2 November
805:2 November
752:2 November
662:References
620:Mediascape
553:Pál Miklós
405:humanities
370:Likewise,
364:Martin Jay
266:Martin Jay
222:, and the
153:philosophy
106:April 2011
76:newspapers
3909:Chartjunk
3877:Bang Wong
3772:Polo Chau
3478:John Snow
3453:John Venn
3334:Schematic
3319:Pictogram
2936:Culturgen
2704:Mormonism
2662:Religions
2335:Cultureme
2253:Destroyed
1879:Subfields
1695:Imagetext
1606:Blackwell
1553:cite book
1470:Routledge
1456:1741-2994
1448:1470-4129
1364:(Hrsg.):
1276:Routledge
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1116:cite book
1012:(2): 212.
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762:cite book
718:, pp.67-8
331:iconology
327:formalism
296:Visualism
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3304:Ideogram
3087:Category
2669:Buddhism
2419:Politics
1828:Sciences
1608:, 2006.
1586:, 2002)
1464:(1999).
1296:(1988).
938:(eds.).
821:ArtForum
731:(1998).
593:See also
244:Internet
202:Overview
3777:Ben Fry
3289:Diagram
3118:Changes
3099:Commons
2742:Related
2733:Sikhism
2728:Judaism
2159:Aspects
1821:Outline
1807:Culture
1675:journal
1212:October
1050:Magvető
625:Sublime
427:History
133:culture
90:scholar
3897:topics
3368:People
3275:Image
3169:Fields
2118:Fandom
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2079:Civic
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979:S2CID
794:(PDF)
691:JSTOR
337:, or
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2133:list
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