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sleeves, to secure them around the wrist so that they do not hang into containers of chemicals or tip over lab equipment. Higher quality coats use snap-on buttons instead of traditional buttons as these are easier to quickly undo (they allow pulling the coat off directly instead of fumbling with the buttons to unhook each one). This renders taking off the coat in an emergency much faster, so these are the preferred type for laboratory work as opposed to clinical work. Short-sleeved lab coats also exist where protection from substances such as acid is not necessary, and are favored by certain scientists, such as microbiologists, avoiding the problem of hanging sleeves altogether, combined with the ease of washing the forearms (an important consideration in microbiology).
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end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries and physicians changed the black for the white coat. Black coats were worn by surgeons as opposed to white until general anaesthesia became widespread in the early 1900s. Anaesthesia allowed surgeries to be performed more slowly and precisely, reducing mess and bloodiness; white coats then developed a symbolic association with a bloodless field.
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387:. Among the codified standards was protective clothing; the type of wrap-around full coverage lab coat that had been in use in the UK for over a hundred years was nicknamed the "Howie-Style" coat to indicate its compliance with the provisions of this report. It has the buttons on the left flank, elasticated wrists and a
220:
of nineteenth-century medicine. To emphasize the transition to the more scientific approach of modern medicine, physicians began to represent themselves as scientists, donning the most recognizable symbol of the scientist, the white laboratory coat. The modern white coat was introduced to medicine in
282:
Until the mid-1920s, students who were examining cadavers would wear black lab coats to show respect for the dead. Black lab coats were used in early biomedical and microbiology laboratories. The "whiteness" and "pureness" concepts that were established in medicine pervaded that environment at the
365:
When used in the laboratory, lab coats protect against accidental spills, e.g., acids. In this case, they usually have long sleeves and are made of absorbent material, such as cotton, so that the user can be protected from the chemical. Some lab coats have buttons or elastic at the end of the
659:
Pierdomenico S, Mezzetti A, Lapenna D, Guglielmi M, Mancini M, Salvatore L, Antidormi T, Costantini F, Cuccurullo F (1995). "'White-coat' hypertension in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension: evaluation of prevalence by ambulatory monitoring and impact on the cost of health care".
247:
Some patients who have their blood pressure measured in a clinical setting have higher readings than they do when measured in a home setting. This is apparently a result of patients feeling more relaxed when they are at home. The phenomenon is sometimes called
382:
For added safety, a variant of the lab coat called a "Howie" style lab coat is often adopted. It is called such after a 1978 report commissioned by the UK Department of Health and Social
Security to codify standard clinical laboratory practices, chaired by
233:. The study found that psychiatrists were among the least likely to wear white coats and when they are worn, they are typically worn over the scrubs. Some medical doctors view the coats as hot and uncomfortable, and many feel that they spread infection.
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A study published in 2011 investigating the effectiveness of the NHS ban showed no statistical difference in contamination levels over an 8-hour period between residents wearing long-sleeved coats and those wearing short-sleeved scrubs.
1001:
229:
A study conducted in the United
Kingdom found that the majority of patients prefer their doctors to wear white coats, but the majority of doctors prefer other clothing, such as
888:"Newly cleaned physician uniforms and infrequently washed white coats have similar rates of bacterial contamination after an 8-hour workday: A randomized controlled trial"
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254:, in reference to the traditional white coats worn in a clinical setting, though the coats themselves may have nothing to do with the elevated readings.
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triggered a controversy in India and parts of South Asia by calling for a ban on white coats because of the spread of nosocomial infections.
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White coats which resemble lab coats are worn by students and teachers of most public primary schools as a daily uniform in countries like
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In 2009, the
American Medical Association investigated banning coats with long sleeves to protect patients, but did not institute a ban.
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Similar coats are a symbol of learning in
Argentina and Uruguay, where they are worn by both students and teachers in state schools. In
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212:, who have worn them for over 100 years. In the nineteenth century, respect for the certainty of science was in stark contrast to the
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work. The coat protects their street clothes and also serves as a simple uniform. The garment is made from white or light-colored
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is developing standards to specifically address liquid penetration resistance, liquid repellency, bacterial decontamination, and
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properties of such uniforms. The spread of white coat infection has been rampant and talked about in the scientific community.
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Burden, Marisha; Cervantes, Lilia; Weed, Diane; Keniston, Angela; Price, Connie; Albert, Richard (February 2011).
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Viral & Human
Genomics Laboratory (Facultad de Medicina UASLP) team members using Howie lab coats.
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and, more recently, into a number of health-related schools and professions. It originated at
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blend, allowing it to be washed at high temperature and making it easy to see if it is clean.
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The ubiquitous white uniform of
Argentine school children is a national symbol of learning.
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Studies have shown that doctor's coats worn in hospitals can harbor contagions including
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or other personnel and may be used, in a usually jocular manner, to imply someone's
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704:. Vol. 9. American Medical Association Journal of Ethics. pp. 310–314.
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in 1989 and involves a formal "robing" or "cloaking" in white lab coats.
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to denote the wearer, such as a scientist working in a high-tech company.
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185:, teachers wear white coats to protect their street clothes from chalk.
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History of medicine The doctor's white coat—an historical perspective
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395:. It is designed to minimize pathogen contact with street clothes.
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In an effort to reduce the contamination of healthcare uniforms,
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White coats are sometimes seen as the distinctive dress of both
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This article is about the item of clothing. For other uses, see
1071:
2029:
1176:
1154:
15:
969:"Why Your Doctor's White Coat Can Be a Threat to Your Health"
929:"New Specification for Healthcare Worker Protective Uniforms"
786:"Bacterial contamination of health care workers' white coats"
1067:
474:"Dressed to Heal: The Changing Semiotics of Surgical Dress"
301:
is a relatively new ritual that marks one's entrance into
262:
The term is also used as verbal shorthand for psychiatric
511:
Jones VA (1999). "The White Coat: Why not Follow Suit?".
1035:"White coats used by doctors should be banned in India!"
1002:"Are doctors' white coats putting our lives at risk?"
752:"For New Medical Students, White Coats Are a Warmup"
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435:. It also was formerly worn during past decades in
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
572:The Doctor's White Coat--an Historical Perspective
192:", the phrase "white coat" is sometimes used as a
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8:
952:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
221:the late 1800s as a symbol of cleanliness.
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2168:
2019:
1795:
1090:
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1068:
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809:
581:10.1001/virtualmentor.2007.9.4.mhst1-0704
548:"Why do physicians wear white lab coats?"
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
674:10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060975
472:Hardy, Susan; Corones, Anthony (2015).
464:
1063:White coats and the medical profession
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790:American Journal of Infection Control
750:WARREN, PETER M. (October 18, 1999).
632:
630:
7:
833:Murphy, Clare (September 17, 2007).
332:started banning long-sleeved coats.
44:adding citations to reliable sources
3091:Global trade of secondhand clothing
638:"Doctors 'should wear white coats'"
862:"AMA: White Coats Need More Study"
835:"Death of the doctor's white coat"
525:10.1001/jama.281.5.478-jms0203-5-1
118:Coat worn by medics and scientists
14:
739:. London: John Murray Publishers.
575:. Vol. 9. pp. 310–314.
3127:
967:Frakt, Austin (April 29, 2019).
20:
150:, is a knee-length overcoat or
31:needs additional citations for
695:Hochberg, M. S. (April 2007).
158:field or by those involved in
1:
569:Hochberg, Mark (April 2007).
546:Andre Picard (July 2, 2012).
490:10.1080/1362704X.2015.1077653
154:worn by professionals in the
892:Journal of Hospital Medicine
860:Yao, Laura (June 17, 2009).
735:Van De Laar, Arnold (2018).
431:, and in private schools in
391:, and is quite similar to a
784:Treakle, Amy (March 2009).
311:Pritzker School of Medicine
123:White coat (disambiguation)
3191:
3101:List of individual dresses
802:10.1016/j.ajic.2008.03.009
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120:
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640:. BBC News. May 13, 2004
866:The Wall Street Journal
399:Use as a school uniform
330:National Health Service
251:white coat hypertension
243:White coat hypertension
237:White coat hypertension
3106:Reconstructed clothing
927:Subcommittee: F23.40.
408:
379:
135:
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307:University of Chicago
241:Further information:
133:
3168:Laboratory equipment
3047:Environmental impact
595:on February 19, 2018
550:. The Globe and Mail
40:improve this article
3134:Clothing portal
1039:News Nation English
355:Dr Edmond Fernandes
299:white coat ceremony
293:White coat ceremony
287:White coat ceremony
225:Patient perceptions
1006:The Times of India
973:The New York Times
933:ASTM International
409:
380:
361:In laboratory work
344:ASTM International
278:White versus black
142:, also known as a
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3140:
3139:
3111:Right to clothing
3035:Halloween costume
3003:
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2978:black lounge suit
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1008:. July 24, 2015.
756:Los Angeles Times
353:Indian Physician
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3116:Vintage clothing
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2889:Pocket protector
2173:
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2129:Bodysuit, infant
2020:
1801:formal, informal
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1636:Ceremonial dress
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591:. Archived from
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469:
328:In 2007, the UK
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24:
16:
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3173:Protective gear
3143:
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3141:
3136:
3126:
3120:
3062:made-to-measure
3015:Clothing fetish
2999:
2933:
2805:
2762:
2704:
2680:Square leg suit
2626:
2602:Blanket sleeper
2574:
2565:Sleeved blanket
2374:
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2162:
2160:
2148:
2124:Bodysuit, adult
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2012:
2004:
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1262:Clerical collar
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737:UNDER THE KNIFE
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389:mandarin collar
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188:Like the word "
144:laboratory coat
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11:
5:
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3153:Academic dress
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96:February 2023
88:
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57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
3074:Fur clothing
2894:Pocket watch
2522:
2215:British Warm
2190:Chesterfield
2101:boxer shorts
2096:boxer briefs
1828:little black
1481:Bell-bottoms
1451:sweater vest
1042:. Retrieved
1038:
1029:
1017:. Retrieved
1005:
996:
984:. Retrieved
972:
962:
936:. Retrieved
932:
922:
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869:. Retrieved
865:
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843:. Retrieved
838:
828:
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767:. Retrieved
755:
745:
736:
730:
697:
690:
668:(5): 692–7.
665:
661:
654:
642:. Retrieved
599:November 26,
597:. Retrieved
593:the original
571:
564:
554:November 10,
552:. Retrieved
541:
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481:
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246:
228:
203:
187:
176:
170:, or cotton
147:
143:
139:
137:
134:A white coat
127:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
55:"White coat"
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2973:Semi-formal
2939:Dress codes
2829:Boutonnière
2811:Accessories
2690:Swim diaper
2685:Swim briefs
2650:Boardshorts
2570:Windbreaker
2331:Suit jacket
2326:Mess jacket
2220:Guards Coat
2139:See-through
1903:Romper suit
1277:Neck gaiter
1272:Neckerchief
1126:Terminology
1044:February 9,
1019:February 9,
938:December 5,
871:December 5,
845:December 5,
718:|work=
662:Eur Heart J
617:|work=
385:James Howie
370:Howie coats
317:Controversy
3147:Categories
2914:Suspenders
2909:Sunglasses
2844:Cummerbund
2834:Coin purse
2738:Flip-flops
2733:Dress shoe
2728:Dress boot
2723:Court shoe
2670:Rash guard
2617:Nightshirt
2491:Harrington
2449:pellegrina
2309:Frock coat
2302:Suit coats
2291:Mackintosh
2232:Over-frock
2091:Underpants
2040:Undershirt
1913:Shirtdress
1754:boilersuit
1651:diplomatic
1613:Yoga pants
1603:Sweatpants
1516:High water
1511:Go-to-hell
1404:sleeveless
1357:halterneck
1347:cache-cœur
1267:Lavallière
1121:Technology
519:(5): 478.
459:References
258:Psychiatry
206:physicians
183:Mozambique
160:laboratory
140:white coat
66:newspapers
2983:black tie
2966:white tie
2874:Jewellery
2791:Pantyhose
2665:One-piece
2612:Nightgown
2584:Nightwear
2422:Inverness
2417:ferraiolo
2242:shadbelly
2210:Greatcoat
2177:Overcoats
2164:outerwear
2010:Underwear
1965:Miniskirt
1950:Ballerina
1867:Strapless
1845:debutante
1840:ball gown
1818:Coatdress
1759:cleanroom
1717:Religious
1712:Political
1608:Windpants
1546:Parachute
1463:Waistcoat
1441:polo neck
1014:0971-8257
981:0362-4331
769:March 10,
764:0458-3035
720:ignored (
710:cite book
619:ignored (
609:cite book
498:193121532
413:Argentina
264:orderlies
218:mysticism
172:polyester
2990:Informal
2919:Umbrella
2864:Headband
2839:Cufflink
2796:Stocking
2781:Hold-ups
2710:Footwear
2660:Monokini
2655:Dry suit
2632:Swimwear
2607:Negligee
2597:Babygrow
2592:Babydoll
2560:Ski suit
2543:bathrobe
2523:Lab coat
2501:mackinaw
2444:mozzetta
2434:monastic
2395:pinafore
2358:Tailcoat
2286:Raincoat
2066:Leggings
2035:Camisole
2015:lingerie
1923:Sundress
1823:Cocktail
1808:Backless
1749:Workwear
1732:vestment
1727:clerical
1707:Pantsuit
1673:Military
1668:Jumpsuit
1663:Jodhpuri
1641:academic
1628:uniforms
1598:Slim-fit
1586:hotpants
1536:Overalls
1531:Jodhpurs
1473:Trousers
1426:guernsey
1421:cardigan
1362:tube top
1352:crop top
1244:Neckwear
1219:Kerchief
1160:baseball
1142:Headwear
1131:Timeline
1116:Industry
1099:Clothing
948:cite web
914:21312328
839:BBC News
820:18834751
644:July 18,
589:23217976
484:: 1–23.
447:See also
437:Paraguay
433:Colombia
272:paranoia
214:quackery
210:surgeons
200:Medicine
148:lab coat
3158:Jackets
3086:Fursuit
3052:Fashion
3025:Costume
3008:Related
2948:Western
2869:Handbag
2854:Glasses
2849:Gaiters
2819:Armband
2768:Legwear
2758:Sneaker
2753:Slipper
2700:Wetsuit
2645:Burkini
2622:Pajamas
2506:Norfolk
2496:leather
2461:Cut-off
2407:Cagoule
2402:Blouson
2368:morning
2341:smoking
2314:bekishe
2271:Paletot
2071:Panties
1980:Rah-rah
1975:Prairie
1872:Wedding
1857:Prairie
1835:Evening
1786:Dresses
1722:cassock
1688:service
1591:running
1576:dolphin
1571:dycling
1566:Bermuda
1541:Palazzo
1521:Lowrise
1486:Bondage
1456:twinset
1416:Sweater
1369:Cycling
1282:Necktie
1197:homburg
1111:History
986:July 4,
811:2892863
682:7588903
533:9952213
429:Morocco
425:Bolivia
417:Uruguay
194:metonym
179:Tunisia
156:medical
80:scholar
2995:Casual
2956:Formal
2924:Wallet
2879:Livery
2859:Gloves
2801:Tights
2786:Garter
2743:Sandal
2695:Trunks
2640:Bikini
2533:Poncho
2518:Jerkin
2511:safari
2486:goggle
2481:flight
2471:Jacket
2456:Coatee
2429:Mantle
2346:sports
2336:Blazer
2254:Ulster
2249:Trench
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2205:Duster
2200:Duffel
2195:Covert
2106:briefs
2056:Diaper
2049:Bottom
1985:Sarong
1970:Pencil
1945:A-line
1937:Skirts
1908:Sheath
1898:Jumper
1886:Casual
1774:scrubs
1764:hazmat
1744:Prison
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1700:combat
1693:sailor
1561:Shorts
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1436:jersey
1431:hoodie
1394:Henley
1379:Mantle
1342:Blouse
1324:Tippet
1307:school
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1257:Choker
1229:Turban
1209:Helmet
1192:fedora
1187:bowler
1182:boater
1012:
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453:Scrubs
268:lunacy
231:scrubs
164:cotton
82:
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3079:types
2929:Watch
2904:Spats
2675:Sling
2555:Shawl
2528:Parka
2466:Gilet
2439:royal
2390:Apron
2383:Other
2363:dress
2319:rekel
2264:opera
2259:Cloak
2227:Greca
2158:Coats
2144:Teddy
2086:Thong
1990:Skort
1960:Men's
1955:Denim
1893:House
1852:Plain
1791:gowns
1769:space
1646:court
1623:Suits
1526:Jeans
1501:Chaps
1496:Cargo
1491:Capri
1446:shrug
1389:dress
1384:Shirt
1374:Kurta
1319:Scarf
1312:stock
1287:ascot
1252:Bands
1150:Beret
841:. BBC
702:(PDF)
494:S2CID
441:Chile
421:Spain
168:linen
152:smock
87:JSTOR
73:books
3096:Laws
2899:Sash
2884:Muff
2824:Belt
2776:Sock
2748:Shoe
2718:Boot
2538:Robe
2476:down
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2351:Teba
2281:Polo
2117:Full
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2013:and
2000:Wrap
1995:Tutu
1918:Slip
1877:Wrap
1789:and
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1678:full
1658:Folk
1556:Phat
1399:polo
1334:Tops
1292:bolo
1234:Veil
1224:Mask
1214:Hood
1170:knit
1165:flat
1046:2024
1021:2024
1010:ISSN
988:2023
977:ISSN
954:link
940:2014
910:PMID
873:2014
847:2014
816:PMID
771:2018
760:ISSN
722:help
678:PMID
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585:PMID
556:2012
529:PMID
513:JAMA
439:and
427:and
323:MRSA
216:and
208:and
190:suit
181:and
59:news
2276:Pea
2185:Car
2161:and
2030:Bra
2023:Top
1625:and
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1297:bow
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1177:Hat
1155:Cap
900:doi
806:PMC
798:doi
670:doi
577:doi
521:doi
517:281
486:doi
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