2853:
2866:
spellings, longer or shorter forms, historic names, and significant names in other languages – or there is something notable about the names themselves, a separate name section is recommended. Alternative names may be used in article text when context dictates that they are more appropriate than the name used as the title of the article. For example, the city now called
1654:). This practice of using specialized names is often controversial, and should not be adopted unless it produces clear benefits outweighing the use of common names. When it is, the article titles adopted should follow a neutral and common convention specific to that subject domain, and otherwise adhere to the general principles for titling articles on Knowledge.
82:
3382:(accent marks), dashes, or other letters and characters not found on most English-language keyboards. This can make it difficult to navigate to the article directly. In such cases, provide redirects from versions of the title that use only standard keyboard characters. (Similarly, in cases where it is determined that the most appropriate title is one that omits
1381:("reliable sources" for short) written after the name change. If the reliable sources written after the change is announced routinely use the new name, Knowledge should follow suit and change relevant titles to match. If, on the other hand, reliable sources written after the name change is announced continue to use the established name
152:
1492:). In such cases, the prevalence of the name, or the fact that a given description has effectively become a proper name (and that proper name has become the common name), generally overrides concern that Knowledge might appear as endorsing one side of an issue. An article title with non-neutral terms cannot simply be
3822:
a discussion that leads to consensus is strongly discouraged. If an article title has been stable for a long time, and there is no good reason to change it, it should not be changed. Consensus among editors determines if there does exist a good reason to change the title. If it has never been stable,
1483:
When the subject of an article is referred to mainly by a single common name, as evidenced through usage in a significant majority of
English-language sources, Knowledge generally follows the sources and uses that name as its article title (subject to the other naming criteria). Sometimes that common
3841:
In discussing the appropriate title of an article, remember that the choice of title is not dependent on whether a name is "right" in a moral or political sense. Nor does the use of a name in the title of one article require that all related articles use the same name in their titles; there is often
1606:
a descriptive title. Even descriptive titles should be based on sources, and may therefore incorporate names and terms that are commonly used by sources. (Example: Because "Boston
Massacre" is an acceptable title on its own, the descriptive title "Political impact of the Boston Massacre" would also
1004:
When titling articles in specific fields, or with respect to particular problems, there is often previous consensus that can be used as a precedent. Look to the guideline pages referenced. When no previous consensus exists, a new consensus is established through discussion, with the above questions
828:
The title may simply be the name (or a name) of the subject of the article, or, if the article topic has no name, it may be a description of the topic. Because no two articles can have the same title, it is sometimes necessary to add distinguishing information, often in the form of a description in
1073:
word or expression that indicates the subject of the article; as such, the article title is usually the name of the person, or of the place, or of whatever else the topic of the article is. However, some topics have multiple names, and some names have multiple topics; this can lead to disagreement
4079:
This includes but is not limited to usage in the sources used as references for the article. Discussions about article titles commonly look at additional off-site sourcing, such as frequency of usage in news publications, books, and journals. "Common name" in the context of article naming means a
985:
These should be seen as goals, not as rules. For most topics, there is a simple and obvious title that meets these goals satisfactorily. If so, use it as a straightforward choice. However, in some cases the choice is not so obvious. It may be necessary to favor one or more of these goals over the
1594:
can either imply wrongdoing, or in a non-criminal context may imply a claim "made with little or no proof" and so should be avoided in a descriptive title. (Exception: articles where the topic is an actual accusation of illegality under law, discussed as such by reliable sources even if not yet
2865:
By the design of
Knowledge's software, an article can only have one title. When this title is a name, significant alternative names for the topic should be mentioned in the article, usually in the first sentence or paragraph. If there are three or more alternative names – including alternative
1324:
may help to collect this data; when using a search engine, restrict the results to pages written in
English, and exclude the word "Knowledge". When using Google, generally a search of Google Books and News Archive should be defaulted to before a web search, as they concentrate reliable sources
2621:
If there are too few reliable
English-language sources to constitute an established usage, follow the conventions of the language appropriate to the subject (German for German politicians, Portuguese for Brazilian towns, and so on). For lesser known geographical objects or structures with few
1117:
Although official, scientific, birth, original, or trademarked names are often used for article titles, the term or name most typically used in reliable sources is generally preferred. Other encyclopedias are among the sources that may be helpful in deciding what titles are in an encyclopedic
1319:
In determining which of several alternative names is most frequently used, it is useful to observe the usage of major international organizations, major
English-language media outlets, quality encyclopedias, geographic name servers, major scientific bodies, and notable scientific journals. A
2725:
In deciding whether and how to translate a foreign name into
English, follow English-language usage. If there is no established English-language treatment for a name, translate it if this can be done without loss of accuracy and with greater understanding for the English-speaking reader.
2539:
On the
English Knowledge, article titles are written using the English language. However, it must be remembered that the English language contains many loan words and phrases taken from other languages. If a word or phrase (originally taken from some other language) is commonly used by
3597:
Italic formatting cannot be part of the actual (stored) title of a page; adding single quotes to a page title will cause those quotes to become part of the URL, rather than affecting its appearance. A title or part of it is made to appear in italics with the use of the
1074:
about which name should be used for a given article's title. Knowledge does not necessarily use the subject's official name as an article title; it generally prefers the name that is most commonly used (as determined by its prevalence in a significant majority of
3853:
Although titles for articles are subject to consensus, do not invent names or use extremely uncommon names as a means of compromising between opposing points of view. Knowledge describes current usage but cannot prescribe a particular usage or invent new names.
4035:
The title displayed as the article's main heading is usually identical (and always similar) to the stored title by which the page is referenced in category listings, recent changes lists, etc., and that appears (suitably encoded as necessary) in the page's
4167:). The content change after the move is also relevant, as well as the time a previous move was made. If significant changes have been made after a move, several months may be considered "stable". Otherwise, significantly longer is generally required.
3672:
Article titles follow standard
English text formatting in the case of trademarks, unless the trademarked spelling is demonstrably the most common usage in sources independent of the owner of the trademark. Items in full or partial uppercase (such as
3148:
672:
2889:
to that article. If they are ambiguous, it should be ensured that the article can at least be reached from a disambiguation page for the alternative term. Note that the exact capitalization of the article's title does not affect
Knowledge
1086:
listed above. When there is no single, obvious name that is demonstrably the most frequently used for the topic by these sources, editors should reach a consensus as to which title is best by considering these criteria directly.
2547:
The English-language names of some topics may differ according to how names are anglicized from other languages, or according to different varieties of English (e.g. American English, British English, Australian English, etc.).
1101:
outlined above. Ambiguous or inaccurate names for the article subject, as determined in reliable sources, are often avoided even though they may be more frequently used by reliable sources. Neutrality is also considered; see
2860:
appears at the top of a reader's browser window and as a large level 1 heading above the editable text of an article, circled here in dark red. The name or names given in the first sentence do not always match the article
938:– The title is one that readers are likely to look or search for and that editors would naturally use to link to the article from other articles. Such a title usually conveys what the subject is actually called in English.
2967:. The initial letter of a title is almost always capitalized by default; otherwise, words are not capitalized unless they would be so in running text. When this is done, the title is simple to link to in other articles:
2215:. The general approach is that whatever readers might type in the search box, they are guided as swiftly as possible to the topic they might reasonably be expected to be looking for, by such disambiguation techniques as
3635:
be used in Knowledge article titles (except for articles on mathematics). Quotation marks (such as around song titles) would not require special techniques for display, but are nevertheless avoided in titles; see
2453:
To the extent that it is practical, titles should be consistent among articles covering similar topics. However, there has been a history of consensus among editors regarding several areas where consistency does
4385:
3823:
or it has been unstable for a long time, and no consensus can be reached on what the title should be, default to the title the article had when the first major contribution after the article ceased to be a
1804:
1329:
when searching Google Books). Search engine results are subject to certain biases and technical limitations; for detailed advice on the use of search engines and the interpretation of their results, see
1858:
It is not always possible to use the exact title that may be desired for an article, as that title may have other meanings, and therefore may have been already used for other articles. According to the
3071:
Abbreviations and acronyms are often ambiguous and thus should be avoided unless the subject is known primarily by its abbreviation and that abbreviation is primarily associated with the subject (e.g.
1650:
relating to specific subject domains (as listed in the box at the top of this page). In rare cases, these recommend the use of titles that are not strictly the common name (as in the case of the
3191:
are normally preferred over titles using other parts of speech; such a title can be the subject of the first sentence. One major exception is for titles that are quotations or titles of works:
856:. It is supplemented by other more specific guidelines (see the box to the right), which should be interpreted in conjunction with other policies, particularly the three core content policies:
4632:
4225:
1786:
4238:
393:
3578:
The titles of articles, chapters, songs, episodes, storylines, research papers and other short works instead take double quotation marks. Italics are not used for major religious works (
4547:
2064:
Adding a disambiguating term in parentheses after the ambiguous name is Knowledge's standard disambiguation technique when none of the other solutions lead to an optimal article title.
3266:
is used), it should be named independently. For example, an article on transport in Azerbaijan should not be given a name like "Azerbaijan/Transport" or "Azerbaijan (transport)"; use
542:
2512:
It is not considered important for article titles on the English Knowledge to be consistent with titles used by the corresponding articles on other language versions of Knowledge.
4879:
3943:
3697:
3625:
3343:
2983:
2939:
1651:
688:
512:
302:
3900:
991:
595:
3518:
If there is a reasonable alternative, avoid characters that are so uncommon that not all browser and operating system combinations will render them. For example, the article
2013:
1743:
560:
354:
344:
307:
3730:
covers the concepts "big-endian" and "little-endian". Where no reasonable overarching title is available, it is permissible to construct an article title using "and", as in
3244:
1442:
Conflicts often arise over whether an article title complies with Knowledge's Neutral Point of View policy. Resolving such debates depends on whether the article title is a
3726:
Sometimes two or more closely related or complementary concepts are most sensibly covered by a single article. Where possible, use a title covering all cases: for example,
3508:
Symbols such as "♥", as sometimes found in advertisements or logos, should never be used in titles. This includes non-Latin punctuation such as the characters in Unicode's
2282:
1863:, only as much detail as is necessary to distinguish one topic from another should be used. For example, it would be redundant to title an article "Queen (rock band)", as
4378:
2092:
Where there is no acceptable set name for a topic, such that a title of our own conception is necessary, more latitude is allowed to form descriptive and unique titles.
2024:
are preferred over alternatives such as "Blair, Anthony Charles Lynton" and "Waterloo, Battle of", in which a comma is used to change the natural ordering of the words.
1114:. When there are multiple names for a subject, all of which are fairly common, and the most common has problems, it is perfectly reasonable to choose one of the others.
630:
2638:, it makes sense to translate lesser known valley names in the same way. For ideas on how to deal with situations where there are several competing foreign terms, see "
4805:
2376:
600:
450:
423:
403:
4218:
3863:
2643:
2639:
2005:
1758:
1739:
1180:
471:
317:
2904:
are often used in article text to allow a subject with a lengthy article title to be referred to using a more concise term where this does not produce ambiguity.
2220:
625:
528:
2400:
Exceptions exist for biographical articles. For example, given names and family names are usually not omitted or abbreviated for the purposes of concision. Thus
3458:), should generally not be used in page titles. A common exception is the simple apostrophe character (', same glyph as the single quotation mark) itself (e.g.
2987:
2895:
1790:
1012:
1005:
in mind. The choice of article titles should put the interests of readers before those of editors, and those of a general audience before those of specialists.
797:
661:
550:
3348:
There are technical restrictions on the use of certain characters in page titles, due to how MediaWiki stores and matches the titles. The following characters
841:: the ideal article title precisely identifies the subject; it is short, natural, distinguishable and recognizable; and resembles titles for similar articles.
714:
4838:
428:
312:
240:
3386:, dashes, and other letters not found on most English-language keyboards, provide redirects from versions of the title that contain them.) However, avoid
2000:
With place names, if the disambiguating term is a higher-level administrative division, it is often separated using a comma instead of parentheses, as in
1395:. We do not know what terms or names will be used in the future, but only what is and has been in use, and is therefore familiar to our readers. However,
4562:
4211:
4164:
4147:
4143:
2582:
666:
620:
275:
255:
2289:
And a well-known concept may still be the primary topic for a variant or incorrect spelling, even if a much less well-known subject uses that spelling:
3371:. Technically, all other Unicode characters can be used in page titles. However, some characters should still be avoided or require special treatment:
932:– The title is a name or description of the subject that someone familiar with, although not necessarily an expert in, the subject area will recognize.
5038:
3591:
2156:
575:
507:
270:
4139:
1963:: The word "French" commonly refers to either the people or the language. Because of the ambiguity, we use the alternative but still common titles,
1583:
615:
610:
535:
418:
359:
349:
2071:: The word "mercury" has distinct meanings that do not have sufficiently common alternative names, so instead we use parenthetical disambiguation:
4833:
4572:
4314:
4181:
4108:
on the English Knowledge. For example, "heart attack" is an ambiguous title, because the term can refer to multiple medical conditions, including
3493:
3092:
2364:
The goal of concision is to balance brevity with sufficient information to identify the topic to a person familiar with the general subject area.
761:
683:
555:
364:
4018:
element on the page, but because editors have the ability to add any level of heading to a page's text, that cannot be guaranteed. An additional
4062:
When an article's title is changed, its database entry is altered but not actually moved. For this reason, a title change is sometimes called a
3083:). It is also unnecessary to include an acronym in addition to the name in a title. Acronyms may be used for parenthetical disambiguation (e.g.
2930:
The following points are used in deciding on questions not covered by the five principles; consistency on these helps avoid duplicate articles:
2804:). Very occasionally, a less common but non-nation-specific term is selected to avoid having to choose between national varieties: for example,
2386:
The full name of Fiona Apple's 1999 album is 90 words and 444 characters long, but it is abbreviated in sources (and in its Knowledge title) to
4853:
4639:
4508:
3917:
3060:
2991:
2847:
2328:
2104:
678:
640:
570:
565:
3834:, and consensus reached before any change is made. Debating controversial titles is often unproductive, and there are many other ways to help
921:
refer to the article's subject. There is often more than one appropriate title for an article. In that case, editors choose the best title by
5114:
4160:
3889:
3762:
2622:
reliable English sources, follow the translation convention, if any, used for well known objects or structures of the same type e.g. because
2417:
1641:
1372:
1129:
605:
585:
476:
297:
288:
280:
265:
245:
188:
53:
3486:
1894:
to which the ambiguous name refers, then that name can be its title without modification, provided it follows all other applicable policies.
3739:
3667:
2152:
1016:
590:
580:
369:
260:
250:
235:
210:
205:
57:
5109:
4936:
3835:
906:
645:
38:
3248:
2151:
that can be used without restriction to separate a disambiguating term in an article title. Colons can be used in the limited cases of
4826:
3564:
3262:
Do not use titles suggesting that one article forms part of another: even if an article is considered subsidiary to another (as where
2771:
1711:
Usually, titles should unambiguously define the topical scope of the article, but should be no more precise than that. For instance,
5104:
4858:
4235:
3867:
3482:
2762:
to a particular English-speaking nation, the title of its article should use that nation's variety of English (for example, compare
2140:
1771:). However, it is preferred over "Energy (physics)", as it is more concise, and precise enough to be understood by most people (see
790:
635:
90:
31:
2669:, are preferred. However, if there is a common English-language form of the name, then use it, even if it is unsystematic (as with
4848:
4843:
70:
This page is about the policy governing how to select an article title. For technical information about the titles of pages, see
3754:
3631:
Other types of formatting (such as bold type and superscript) can technically be achieved in the same way, but should generally
3243:
is a redirect to that article). An exception is made when the quotation marks are part of a name or title (as in the TV episode
2874:
in historic contexts to which that name is more suited (e.g. when it was part of Germany or a Free City). Likewise, even though
1399:
can be applied – if the subject of an article has a name change, it is reasonable to consider the usage following the change in
4863:
4800:
4309:
4304:
3773:
3192:
2894:, so it is not necessary to create redirects from alternative capitalizations unless these are likely to be used in links; see
2606:
are used because they predominate in English-language reliable sources, whereas for the same reason the anglicized title forms
1579:
1437:
1392:
865:
771:
741:
398:
3750:– should redirect to the combined page, or be linked there via a disambiguation page or hatnote if they have other meanings.)
4577:
4537:
4478:
4395:
4323:
4299:
3877:
3753:
It is generally best to list topics in alphabetical order, especially those involving different countries or cultures, as in
3685:); however, if the name is ambiguous, and one meaning is usually capitalized, this is one possible method of disambiguation.
2212:
861:
746:
2780:
Otherwise, all national varieties of English are acceptable in article titles; Knowledge does not prefer one in particular.
925:
based on the considerations that this page explains. A good Knowledge article title has the five following characteristics:
3789:
4473:
3873:
1575:
1075:
970:– The title is consistent with the pattern of similar articles' titles. Many of these patterns are listed (and linked) as
64:
3475:
5068:
5015:
4889:
4567:
4542:
4488:
3978:
2885:
All significant alternative titles, names, or forms of names that apply to a specific article should usually be made to
2136:
1331:
1119:
783:
3240:
2594:
The choice between anglicized and local spellings should follow English-language usage, e.g. the non-anglicized titles
5099:
4931:
4707:
4654:
4627:
4557:
4532:
3777:
3509:
1952:, albeit not as commonly as the preferred-but-ambiguous title, is sometimes preferred. However, do not use obscure or
1761:), seeking a more natural and recognizable title which is also consistent with most other articles on American cities.
707:
700:
502:
4053:
It is technically possible, but undesirable for various reasons, to make different pages display with the same title.
1503:
Notable circumstances under which Knowledge often avoids a common name for lacking neutrality include the following:
3792:" may be acceptable. Avoid the use of "and" to combine concepts that are not commonly combined in reliable sources.
3735:
5053:
4503:
4498:
4468:
4373:
4329:
4257:
3983:
2100:
1400:
1125:
The following are examples of the application of the concept of commonly used names in support of recognizability:
1079:
766:
731:
98:
3435:
957:– The title is no longer than necessary to identify the article's subject and distinguish it from other subjects.
4821:
4702:
4622:
4405:
4400:
3912:
3831:
2735:
876:
42:
2852:
1507:
Trendy slogans and monikers that seem unlikely to be remembered or connected with a particular issue years later
1011:
should be created to articles that may reasonably be searched for or linked to under two or more names (such as
4884:
4790:
4745:
4697:
4692:
4410:
4368:
4105:
3922:
3766:
3731:
3624:, by default italicize the titles of the pages they appear on; see those template pages for documentation. See
2763:
2009:
1852:
1808:
1776:
1731:
1712:
1032:
1020:
853:
497:
3481:). If, exceptionally, other variants are used, a redirect with the apostrophe variant should be created (e.g.
3147:). They needlessly lengthen article titles, and interfere with sorting and searching. For more guidance, see
2978:
Note that the capitalization of the initial letter is ignored in links. For initial lowercase letters, as in
1377:
Sometimes the subject of an article will undergo a change of name. When this occurs, we give extra weight to
871:
If necessary, an article's title can be changed by a page move. For information on page move procedures, see
5010:
4778:
4363:
4294:
3932:
3267:
3263:
3139:
3084:
2969:
1898:
1891:
1772:
1768:
1735:
1734:. Most of these exceptions are described in specific Knowledge guidelines or by Knowledge projects, such as
1378:
1265:
918:
872:
857:
751:
3688:
Exceptions include article titles with the first letter lowercase and the second letter uppercase, such as
3522:
carries that title rather than the symbol ⚜ itself, which many readers would see as just a rectangular box.
3426:
4773:
4493:
4483:
4425:
4250:
3949:
3937:
3928:
3881:
3743:
3621:
3599:
3368:
3290:
2678:
2108:
1868:
1396:
2223:. When such navigation aids are in place, small details are often sufficient to distinguish topics, e.g.
4644:
4113:
3896:
3617:
3613:
3606:
1984:
1705:
1193:
2251:
1886:
As a general rule, when a topic's preferred title can also refer to other topics covered in Knowledge:
4271:
3757:. However, when a conventional or more logical ordering exists, it should be used instead, such as at
5077:
4943:
4582:
4458:
4390:
4358:
4319:
3843:
3088:
2973:
2599:
2467:
1403:, English-language sources. This provision also applies to names used as part of descriptive titles.
944:– The title unambiguously identifies the article's subject and distinguishes it from other subjects.
46:
4200:, a graphic plotter of case-sensitive frequency of multi-term usage in books over time, through 2019
4948:
4649:
4552:
4463:
4453:
4041:
3885:
3785:
3424:) should be avoided in titles. Exceptions can be made when they are part of the proper title (e.g.
3387:
3360:
3349:
3302:
3236:
2393:
2318:
2080:
1860:
1754:
1489:
1485:
922:
818:
71:
2540:
English-language sources, it can be considered to be an English-language word or phrase (example:
4960:
4955:
4599:
4448:
3842:
some reason for inconsistencies in common usage. For example, Knowledge has articles on both the
3801:
3709:
3649:
3542:
3318:
3277:
3160:
3104:
3048:
3003:
2946:
2913:
2886:
2829:
2741:
2557:
2522:
2447:
2429:
2340:
2263:
2256:
2199:
Ambiguity may arise when typographically near-identical expressions have distinct meanings, e.g.
2168:
2033:
2021:
2001:
1924:
1912:
1827:
1665:
1616:
1578:) is best as the title. These are often invented specifically for articles, and should reflect a
1557:
1546:
1539:
1459:
1412:
1343:
1083:
1038:
1008:
888:
112:
102:
3235:
Article titles that are quotes (or song titles, etc.) are not enclosed in quotation marks (e.g.
3940:, a tool to block the creation of pages with disallowed titles (and their derivatives/variants)
3439:
5020:
4795:
4785:
3946:, software limitations on the names of Knowledge pages (articles, categories, templates, etc.)
3781:
3572:
3122:
2475:
2471:
2463:
2216:
2125:
2072:
1949:
1730:
Exceptions to the precision criterion may sometimes result from the application of some other
1701:
1205:
986:
others. This is done by consensus. For instance, the recognizable, natural, and concise title
834:
4203:
4129:(the quotation marks " " are essential); Books, LLC "publishes" compilations of WP articles.
3761:. If one concept is more commonly encountered than the other, it may be listed first, as in
3471:
3459:
2781:
2719:
2483:
2409:
2388:
2076:
1980:
1953:
1794:
1782:
1365:
1312:
1070:
817:
is the large heading displayed above the article's content, and the basis for the article's
4176:
This paragraph was adopted to stop move warring. It is an adaptation of the wording in the
2327:
In certain instances, plural forms may also be used to naturally distinguish articles; see
5000:
4089:
3294:
3196:
3056:
3052:
2879:
2785:
2674:
2541:
2502:
2494:
2303:
1976:
1964:
1697:
1361:
825:. The title indicates what the article is about and distinguishes it from other articles.
2262:
However, when renaming to a less ambiguous page name can be done without wandering from
4109:
3824:
3497:
3271:
3036:
2901:
2891:
2654:
2635:
2588:
2479:
2358:
1724:
1307:
Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election
1302:
1172:
1136:
987:
5093:
4669:
4177:
4148:
WT:Manual of Style/Archive 116 § Request for comment: Use of italics in article names
3568:
2964:
2647:
2401:
2208:
2112:
1968:
1876:
1871:. This may result in acceptable inconsistencies; the article on chickens is found at
1716:
1527:
1321:
1224:
1154:
833:
after the name. Generally, article titles are based on what the subject is called in
4977:
837:. When this offers multiple possibilities, editors choose among them by considering
4007:
3758:
3519:
3455:
3421:
3417:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3298:
2801:
2666:
2662:
2631:
2611:
2498:
2413:
2380:
2372:
1864:
1148:
5005:
2603:
17:
4126:
3830:
Any potentially controversial proposal to change a title should be advertised at
3587:
3583:
3579:
3289:
When deciding whether to use middle names, or initials, follow the guidelines at
2466:
does not support an argument that all country articles should use them, e.g. for
2446:
For examples of Knowledge practices regarding consistency in article titles, see
2357:"WP:CONCISE" redirects here. For the essay advising a concise writing style, see
1019:). Conversely, a name that could refer to several different articles may require
160:
Article titles should be recognizable, concise, natural, precise, and consistent.
4722:
4140:
Knowledge talk:Article titles/Archive 29 § RfC: Use of italics in article titles
4085:
3681:
3675:
3431:
3188:
2670:
2595:
2487:
2314:
2242:
2204:
2200:
1903:
1531:
1271:
1246:
1199:
1166:
830:
1595:
proven in a court of law. These are appropriately described as "allegations".)
3727:
3560:
3451:
2940:
Knowledge:Naming conventions (technical restrictions) § Lowercase first letter
2805:
2017:
1948:
Using an alternative name that the subject is also commonly called in English
1360:"WP:NAMECHANGES" redirects here. For the manual of style for biographies, see
1259:
1230:
1142:
3895:
New naming conventions for specific categories of articles often arise from
3872:
Proposals for new naming conventions and guidelines should be advertised on
3847:
3747:
3413:
3383:
3379:
3364:
3144:
2797:
2618:
are used (as opposed to Nürnberg, Delikatessen, and Firenze, respectively).
2607:
2506:
2246:
2233:
1107:
811:
3149:
WP:Naming conventions (definite or indefinite article at beginning of name)
2867:
1767:
is not precise enough to unambiguously indicate the physical property (see
3293:, which means using the form most commonly used by reliable sources (e.g.
3529:
3224:
3204:
3137:) at the beginning of titles unless they are part of a proper name (e.g.
3044:
3040:
2759:
2703:
2615:
2462:
Disambiguation: for example, the use of a parenthetical disambiguator in
2299:
2238:
1988:
1972:
1720:
1719:
is precise enough to indicate exactly the same topic. On the other hand,
1535:
1111:
1090:
For cases where usage differs among English-speaking countries, see also
3698:
WP:Naming conventions (technical restrictions) § Lowercase first letter
3626:
WP:Naming conventions (technical restrictions) § Italics and formatting
3467:
3208:
3200:
1872:
1750:
1523:
1218:
1187:
3780:: avoid the use of "and" in ways that appear biased. For example, use
3404:), as well as variations such as typographic (curly) quotation marks (
2474:. This is also the case with natural disambiguation: the existence of
3918:
Knowledge:Manual of Style/Lead section § Format of the first sentence
3390:, which are difficult to type and interfere with adjacent characters.
3216:
3032:
2871:
2699:
1880:
1764:
1542:" does not redirect, which is in keeping with the general principle.
1484:
name includes non-neutral words that Knowledge normally avoids (e.g.
3532:. Templates and LaTeX-style markup cannot be used in article titles.
2016:
conventions, not as a disambiguating term). However, titles such as
1385:, Knowledge should continue to do so as well, as described above at
1082:, English-language sources) as such names will usually best fit the
3925:, a list of guidelines concerning naming conventions for categories
3899:. For a manually updated list of current and former proposals, see
1510:
Colloquialisms where far more encyclopedic alternatives are obvious
1373:
Knowledge:Naming conventions (people) § Self-published name changes
4197:
3463:
3203:) should redirect to articles titled with the corresponding noun (
3080:
3028:
2875:
2695:
2405:
2228:
2224:
1812:
1800:
1696:"MOS:PRECISION" redirects here. For the precision of numbers, see
1284:
1240:
3772:
Titles containing "and" are often red flags that the article has
905:"WP:CRITERIA" redirects here. For criteria of other actions, see
4180:, which is based on the Arbitration Committee's decision in the
3693:
3689:
3212:
3184:
3076:
2979:
2686:
2008:). Comma-separated titles are also used in other contexts (e.g.
1805:
Knowledge:Naming conventions (U.S. state and territory highways)
1753:
is already precise enough to be unambiguous, but we instead use
1290:
1160:
97:
It describes a widely accepted standard that all editors should
4207:
848:, on which choices of article titles are based. This page does
4037:
3072:
822:
146:
76:
2646:" in the geographical naming guideline. Such discussions can
3575:
are italicized both in ordinary text and in article titles.
3367:, and some other characters, which may be addressed through
1911:
When deciding on which disambiguation method(s) to use, all
1514:
Article titles and redirects should anticipate what readers
4908:
2938:"WP:LOWERCASE" redirects here. You may also be looking for
2677:). For a list of romanization conventions by language, see
1851:
This policy section should be read in conjunction with the
1787:
Knowledge:Naming conventions (UK Parliament constituencies)
4144:
WT:Manual of Style/Archive 116 § Italicised article titles
3093:
WP:Manual of Style/Abbreviations § Acronyms in page titles
2848:
Knowledge:Manual of Style/Lead section § Alternative names
2124:
These are exceptional, in most cases to be avoided as per
1723:
would not be precise enough to unambiguously identify the
1538:, which is in keeping with points 1 and 2, above. Typing "
2820:, and a slew of other nation- and region-specific names.
2736:
Knowledge:Manual of Style § National varieties of English
2650:
so as to avoid a struggle over which language to follow.
2383:
was the most concise title to fully identify the subject.
4142:, as well as the discussions that led up to the poll at
4138:
This was decided during a July–September 2010 poll; see
3888:
has formed, the proposal is adopted and is added to the
3628:
on the technical restrictions page for further details.
4159:
No clear consensus has been found for a timeframe, see
3809:
3717:
3657:
3550:
3333:
3326:
3175:
3168:
3112:
3018:
3011:
2954:
2921:
2837:
2749:
2572:
2565:
2530:
2437:
2348:
2309:
2294:
2270:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2055:
2048:
2041:
1939:
1932:
1842:
1835:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1631:
1624:
1565:
1474:
1467:
1427:
1420:
1351:
1060:
1053:
1046:
896:
134:
127:
120:
4104:
as used here is unrelated to whether a title requires
4026:, and any subsections under it adjusted to compensate.
3516:
Characters not supported on all browsers (avoid them):
3376:
Characters not on a standard keyboard (use redirects):
2329:
Knowledge:Naming conventions (plurals) § Primary topic
1971:, allowing natural disambiguation. In a similar vein,
1582:, rather than suggesting any editor's opinions. Avoid
1208:(not: Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster)
852:
detail titling for pages in other namespaces, such as
3986:, on the unreliability of news headlines for sourcing
3944:
Knowledge:Naming conventions (technical restrictions)
3765:. Alternative titles using reverse ordering (such as
3344:
Knowledge:Naming conventions (technical restrictions)
2808:
was selected to avoid the choice between the British
2147:
Commas and parentheses (round brackets) are the only
1700:. For the precision of geographical coordinates, see
3612:
template. In addition, certain templates, including
3215:. Sometimes the noun corresponding to a verb is the
3027:
Article titles are generally singular in form, e.g.
2493:
Spellings that differ between varieties of English:
1867:
is precise enough to distinguish the rock band from
1386:
1383:
when discussing the article topic in the present day
1299:
or International Federation of Association Football)
997:
992:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
844:
This page explains in detail the considerations, or
4985:
4973:
4916:
4906:
4872:
4814:
4754:
4730:
4720:
4677:
4667:
4607:
4597:
4517:
4433:
4423:
4343:
4279:
4269:
2796:are acceptable and used in article titles (such as
2375:, used in various state publications, was formerly
2141:
Talk:Wiegenlied, D 498 (Schubert) § Requested moves
1987:is a disambiguation page with no primary topic, so
1704:. For the precision of statements about dates, see
1530:, which is in keeping with point 2, above. Typing "
972:
topic-specific naming conventions on article titles
673:
Definite or indefinite article at beginning of name
4010:that appears at the top of the article's page. It
3462:), which should, however, be used sparingly (e.g.
2587:For the policy regarding non-English sources, see
2283:Passio Domini Nostri Iesu Christi secundum Ioannem
2273:Passio Domini Nostri Jesu Christi secundum Joannem
2163:When a spelling variant indicates a distinct topic
1991:is the title of the article on the lifting device.
1534:" redirects the reader to a particular section of
1122:, as well as what names are most frequently used.
1091:
37:"WP:NAME" redirects here. Not to be confused with
1599:
1296:Fédération Internationale de Football Association
1103:
1098:
947:
838:
4386:Do not include copies of lengthy primary sources
4022:found in an article body should be converted to
2665:. Established systematic romanizations, such as
2377:State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
63:"WP:AT" redirects here. Not to be confused with
52:"WP:NC" redirects here. Not to be confused with
3864:Category:Knowledge naming conventions proposals
2379:. Both titles are precise and unambiguous, but
2281:for the ambiguity of the first expression with
1379:independent, reliable, English-language sources
30:"WP:TITLE" redirects here. For other uses, see
4548:Do not disrupt Knowledge to illustrate a point
3378:Sometimes the most appropriate title contains
2012:uses a substantive title as part of the usual
4219:
3270:. (This does not always apply in non-article
1791:Leeds North West (UK Parliament constituency)
791:
708:
8:
4974:
3818:Changing one controversial title to another
3420:), and angled quotation marks or backticks (
3359:There are restrictions on titles containing
3305:), with few if any exceptions. See also the
3285:Follow reliable sources for names of persons
3245:Marge Simpson in: "Screaming Yellow Honkers"
2788:spelling, and vice versa; for example, both
2657:, such as Greek, Chinese, or Russian names,
1574:In some cases a descriptive phrase (such as
1547:Knowledge:Redirect § Neutrality of redirects
1364:. For changing your Knowledge username, see
1294:
1202:(not: Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
4880:Categories, lists, and navigation templates
3850:, which is the current name of Stalingrad.
1979:. Sometimes, this requires a change in the
1496:name commonly used in the past; it must be
1099:all five of the criteria for article titles
4982:
4913:
4766:
4727:
4674:
4604:
4430:
4276:
4226:
4212:
4204:
3913:Knowledge:Manual of Style § Article titles
3901:Proposed naming conventions and guidelines
3858:Proposed naming conventions and guidelines
3590:). Many of these titles should also be in
3561:italics would be necessary in running text
2694:. For Latin- or Greek-derived words (e.g.
2583:Knowledge:Naming conventions (use English)
1901:for the ambiguous name, the title must be
1106:, below. Article titles should be neither
798:
784:
726:
715:
701:
167:
101:follow. Changes made to it should reflect
3637:
2972:offers more graduate work than a typical
1803:is precise enough to be unambiguous, but
1789:specify the addition of the qualifier in
1785:is precise enough to be unambiguous, but
990:is preferred over the more precise title
89:This page documents an English Knowledge
3143:) or otherwise change the meaning (e.g.
2851:
1775:, and the concision and recognizability
1438:Knowledge:Neutral point of view § Naming
1315:(not: V645 Centauri or Alpha Centauri C)
3996:
3679:) should have standard capitalization (
2684:Knowledge generally uses the character
2148:
2135:: "comma-separated" + "parenthetical":
1602:(see preceding subsection) may be used
729:
653:
519:
483:
457:
436:
410:
376:
327:
287:
218:
197:
179:
170:
3984:Knowledge:Reliable sources § Headlines
3569:books, films, and other creative works
3099:Avoid definite and indefinite articles
2988:WP:Naming conventions (capitalization)
2690:to represent the Anglo-Saxon ligature
2302:, with the broad concept discussed at
2266:, such renaming should be considered:
2105:Campaign history of the Roman military
1254:Product names and fictional characters
4161:Knowledge:Stable version to revert to
3884:, and any related pages. If a strong
3790:Media coupling of Islam and terrorism
3763:Electrical resistance and conductance
2418:Knowledge:Naming conventions (people)
1642:Category:Knowledge naming conventions
189:Category:Knowledge naming conventions
54:Category:Knowledge naming conventions
7:
3740:Tropical storms Amanda and Cristobal
3668:Knowledge:Manual of Style/Trademarks
3567:, the names of ships, the titles of
3121:Do not place definite or indefinite
3035:. Exceptions include nouns that are
2784:spelling should not be respelled to
2718:, depending on modern usage and the
1879:to disambiguate it from the country
1069:In Knowledge, an article title is a
39:WP:Manual of Style/Biography § Names
5039:List of all policies and guidelines
2896:Naming conventions (capitalization)
1875:, but the article on turkeys is at
1518:and balance that with what readers
1446:derived from reliable sources or a
907:Knowledge:Criteria (disambiguation)
5078:Summaries of values and principles
4919:
4757:
4520:
4346:
3938:MediaWiki:TitleBlacklist extension
3746:. (The individual terms – such as
3199:". Adjective and verb forms (e.g.
1227:(not: compression-ignition engine)
25:
3868:Knowledge:Policies and guidelines
3258:Do not create subsidiary articles
2211:vs. the other meanings listed at
1552:Non-judgmental descriptive titles
1387:§ Use commonly recognizable names
1139:(not: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi)
998:§ Use commonly recognizable names
919:reliable English-language sources
32:Knowledge:Titles (disambiguation)
4988:
4733:
4680:
4610:
4563:Please do not bite the newcomers
4436:
4282:
4082:commonly or frequently used name
3494:WP:Manual of Style (punctuation)
3207:) or disambiguation pages, like
2153:subtitles of some creative works
1897:If the article is not about the
1584:judgmental and non-neutral words
1151:(not: William Jefferson Clinton)
977:
150:
80:
3644:Standard English and trademarks
3487:ʻElisiva Fusipala Taukiʻonetuku
3483:'Elisiva Fusipala Tauki'onetuku
3408:), "low-high" quotation marks (
3231:Do not enclose titles in quotes
3193:A rolling stone gathers no moss
3061:WP:Naming conventions (plurals)
2992:WP:Manual of Style/Proper names
2552:Foreign names and anglicization
1393:Knowledge is not a crystal ball
1213:Scientific and technical topics
1027:Use commonly recognizable names
971:
4092:, as used in some disciplines.
3400:) and single quotation marks (
3306:
3239:is the article title, whereas
2824:Treatment of alternative names
2482:does not mean we have to have
2317:; an album of that name is at
2157:lists split over several pages
1996:Comma-separated disambiguation
1869:other uses of the term "Queen"
1450:created by Knowledge editors.
1249:(not: 1918 influenza pandemic)
1104:§ Neutrality in article titles
960:
948:§ Precision and disambiguation
174:conventions for article titles
1:
4573:Responding to threats of harm
4315:Biographies of living persons
4125:Add this code in the search:
4070:remains the most common term.
4040:. For technical details, see
3394:Quotation marks (avoid them):
3067:Avoid ambiguous abbreviations
2986:page. For more guidance, see
2730:National varieties of English
2648:benefit from outside opinions
1807:specify adding the qualifier
1576:Restoration of the Everglades
1097:Editors should also consider
1092:National varieties of English
762:Biographies of living persons
58:WP:WikiProject North Carolina
5115:Knowledge naming conventions
4640:Criteria for speedy deletion
4509:Paid-contribution disclosure
3979:Knowledge:Ambiguous subjects
3537:Italics and other formatting
2137:Wiegenlied, D 498 (Schubert)
2028:Parenthetical disambiguation
1890:If the article is about the
1600:non-neutral but common names
1500:common name in current use.
1454:Non-neutral but common names
1407:Neutrality in article titles
1332:Knowledge:Search engine test
883:Deciding on an article title
3890:naming conventions category
3776:problems or is engaging in
3755:Canada–United States border
3510:CJK Symbols and Punctuation
3388:combining diacritical marks
3275:
2772:United States Secretary of
2720:national variety of English
2255:vs. other topics listed at
2113:WP:NCP § Descriptive titles
1221:(not: acetylsalicylic acid)
1175:(not: Shirley Temple Black)
995:
975:
958:
945:
5131:
5110:Knowledge content policies
3967:(or some alternatives, as
3861:
3799:
3707:
3665:
3647:
3540:
3341:
3316:
3158:
3102:
3059:). For more guidance, see
3001:
2944:
2937:
2911:
2845:
2827:
2739:
2733:
2653:Names not originally in a
2586:
2580:
2555:
2520:
2445:
2427:
2356:
2338:
2166:
2101:List of birds of Nicaragua
2031:
2014:Names of royals and nobles
1922:
1850:
1825:
1744:Names of royals and nobles
1695:
1663:
1639:
1614:
1555:
1544:
1516:will type as a first guess
1457:
1435:
1410:
1370:
1359:
1341:
1036:
1030:
904:
886:
394:Government and legislation
110:
69:
62:
51:
36:
29:
5033:
4769:
4245:
3832:Knowledge:Requested moves
3736:Hellmann's and Best Foods
3334:WP:TITLESPECIALCHARACTERS
3091:). For more details, see
2501:peaceably coexist, as do
2120:Combinations of the above
1295:
1110:(unless unavoidable) nor
877:Knowledge:Requested moves
520:Language/country-specific
5105:Knowledge article titles
4198:Google Book Ngram Viewer
4086:common (vernacular) name
4084:, and not necessarily a
4003:Specifically, it is the
3923:Knowledge:Category names
3767:Relegation and promotion
3732:Promotion and relegation
2878:'s title omits the "u",
2816:, American and Canadian
2010:Diana, Princess of Wales
1913:article titling criteria
1853:disambiguation guideline
1809:M-185 (Michigan highway)
1713:Saint Teresa of Calcutta
1652:conventions for medicine
1526:" properly redirects to
1033:Knowledge:Official names
158:This page in a nutshell:
5016:Licensing and copyright
4236:policies and guidelines
3933:Linguistic prescription
3769:) should be redirects.
3704:Titles containing "and"
3268:Transport in Azerbaijan
3140:The Old Man and the Sea
3085:Conservative Party (UK)
3037:always in a plural form
2970:Northwestern University
2517:English-language titles
1981:variety of English used
1769:Energy (disambiguation)
1274:(not: Anakin Skywalker)
1266:Sailor Moon (character)
1196:(not: Pyramid of Khufu)
996:(For more details, see
873:Knowledge:Moving a page
4127:-inauthor:"Books, LLC"
3929:Linguistic description
3744:Pioneer 6, 7, 8, and 9
3638:§ Article title format
3622:Template:Infobox album
3369:Template:Correct title
2984:technical restrictions
2963:Titles are written in
2862:
2758:If a topic has strong
2679:Knowledge:Romanization
1919:Natural disambiguation
1169:(not: Marcus Antonius)
689:Technical restrictions
303:Ethnicities and tribes
180:All naming conventions
65:WP:WikiProject Austria
5011:Friendly space policy
4801:Broad-concept article
4310:What Knowledge is not
4305:Neutral point of view
4114:myocardial infarction
3874:this page's talk page
3618:Template:Infobox film
3614:Template:Infobox book
3506:Symbols (avoid them):
3241:"To be, or not to be"
2855:
2722:used in the article.
2371:The official name of
2109:Pontius Pilate's wife
1811:with a redirect from
1793:with a redirect from
1580:neutral point of view
1520:expect to be taken to
1262:(not: Windows NT 5.1)
1194:Great Pyramid of Giza
1157:(not: Joanne Rowling)
866:Neutral point of view
772:What Knowledge is not
742:Neutral point of view
360:Programming languages
172:Topic-specific naming
4578:Talk page guidelines
4538:Conflict of interest
4479:Ownership of content
4324:Copyright violations
4300:No original research
4106:disambiguation pages
3878:requests for comment
3844:Battle of Stalingrad
3089:Georgia (U.S. state)
2974:liberal arts college
2908:Article title format
2640:Multiple local names
2468:Azerbaijan (country)
2221:disambiguation pages
1611:Explicit conventions
1325:(exclude works from
1268:(not: Usagi Tsukino)
1243:(not: poliomyelitis)
974:, in the box above.
862:No original research
747:No original research
308:Royalty and nobility
4474:No personal attacks
4396:Don't create hoaxes
4042:Knowledge:Page name
3796:Considering changes
3786:Islam and terrorism
3450:Similarly, various
3436:"Weird Al" Yankovic
3303:F. Scott Fitzgerald
3252:(David Bowie album)
3237:To be, or not to be
3047:) and the names of
2882:'s title does not.
2081:Mercury (mythology)
1861:precision criterion
1755:Bothell, Washington
1715:is too precise, as
1646:Knowledge has many
1490:Teapot Dome scandal
1486:Alexander the Great
1013:different spellings
72:Knowledge:Page name
5100:Knowledge policies
5069:List of guidelines
4890:Template namespace
4568:Courtesy vanishing
4543:Disruptive editing
4489:Dispute resolution
3602:magic word or the
3454:(-like) variants (
3313:Special characters
2870:is referred to as
2863:
2257:The World Is Yours
2252:The Wörld Is Yours
2022:Battle of Waterloo
2002:Windsor, Berkshire
1648:naming conventions
1540:Great Leap Forward
1287:(not: Violoncello)
1190:(not: Deutschland)
1163:(not: Paul Hewson)
914:Article titles are
846:naming conventions
839:several principles
43:WP:Username policy
18:Knowledge:Criteria
5087:
5086:
5029:
5028:
4969:
4968:
4932:Project namespace
4902:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4839:Dates and numbers
4806:Understandability
4716:
4715:
4663:
4662:
4655:Revision deletion
4628:Proposed deletion
4593:
4592:
4558:Gaming the system
4533:Assume good faith
4419:
4418:
4020:=Level-1 heading=
3836:improve Knowledge
3782:Islamic terrorism
3778:original research
3696:. For these, see
3559:Use italics when
3430:) or required by
3051:of objects (e.g.
3039:in English (e.g.
2998:Use singular form
2934:Use sentence case
2600:Søren Kierkegaard
2472:Armenia (country)
2464:Georgia (country)
2458:control titling:
2088:Descriptive title
2073:Mercury (element)
1975:is preferable to
1448:descriptive title
1206:Westminster Abbey
808:
807:
725:
724:
451:Numbers and dates
424:Latter Day Saints
404:Political parties
164:
163:
145:
144:
16:(Redirected from
5122:
5064:
5063:
5054:List of policies
5049:
5048:
5006:List of policies
4993:
4992:
4991:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4914:
4910:
4907:Project content
4767:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4728:
4724:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4675:
4671:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4605:
4601:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4504:Child protection
4499:No legal threats
4469:Ignore all rules
4441:
4440:
4439:
4431:
4427:
4374:Reliable sources
4351:
4350:
4349:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4277:
4273:
4258:Ignore all rules
4240:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4205:
4185:
4174:
4168:
4157:
4151:
4136:
4130:
4128:
4123:
4117:
4099:
4093:
4088:, as opposed to
4077:
4071:
4060:
4054:
4051:
4045:
4033:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4006:
4001:
3959:, proper use of
3812:
3720:
3660:
3611:
3605:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3553:
3472:Bismarck (apple)
3457:
3456:’ ʻ ʾ ʿ ᾿ ῾ ‘ ’
3427:"A" Is for Alibi
3423:
3419:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3356:
3336:
3329:
3280:
3178:
3171:
3115:
3021:
3014:
2957:
2924:
2840:
2782:American English
2752:
2644:Use modern names
2575:
2573:WP:TRANSLITERATE
2568:
2533:
2484:Guadalajara City
2440:
2410:Jean-Paul Sartre
2389:When the Pawn...
2351:
2312:
2297:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2077:Mercury (planet)
2058:
2051:
2044:
2006:Geographic names
1983:; for instance,
1950:reliable sources
1942:
1935:
1915:are weighed in:
1845:
1838:
1795:Leeds North West
1783:Leeds North West
1759:Geographic names
1746:. For instance:
1740:Geographic names
1690:
1688:WP:OVERPRECISION
1683:
1676:
1634:
1627:
1607:be acceptable.)
1568:
1522:. Thus, typing "
1477:
1470:
1430:
1423:
1354:
1313:Proxima Centauri
1298:
1297:
1071:natural-language
1063:
1056:
1049:
1001:
981:
964:
951:
916:
915:
899:
835:reliable sources
800:
793:
786:
767:Image use policy
734:
732:Content policies
727:
717:
710:
703:
675:
318:Baseball players
175:
168:
154:
153:
147:
137:
130:
123:
84:
83:
77:
27:Knowledge policy
21:
5130:
5129:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5120:
5119:
5090:
5089:
5088:
5083:
5061:
5060:
5046:
5045:
5025:
4989:
4987:
4965:
4920:
4918:
4894:
4868:
4822:Manual of Style
4810:
4758:
4756:
4750:
4734:
4732:
4712:
4708:Page protection
4681:
4679:
4659:
4623:Deletion policy
4611:
4609:
4589:
4521:
4519:
4513:
4437:
4435:
4415:
4406:Patent nonsense
4401:Fringe theories
4347:
4345:
4339:
4283:
4281:
4265:
4241:
4232:
4194:
4189:
4188:
4178:Manual of Style
4175:
4171:
4158:
4154:
4137:
4133:
4124:
4120:
4100:
4096:
4090:scientific name
4078:
4074:
4061:
4057:
4052:
4048:
4034:
4030:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3909:
3870:
3860:
3816:
3815:
3810:WP:TITLECHANGES
3808:
3804:
3798:
3724:
3723:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3656:
3652:
3646:
3609:
3603:
3573:foreign phrases
3565:taxonomic names
3563:; for example,
3557:
3556:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3477:Malus domestica
3460:Anthony d'Offay
3353:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3321:
3315:
3309:section above.
3295:John F. Kennedy
3291:WP:Middle names
3287:
3260:
3233:
3197:Try to Remember
3182:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3163:
3157:
3119:
3118:
3111:
3107:
3101:
3069:
3057:Bantu languages
3053:Arabic numerals
3025:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3006:
3000:
2961:
2960:
2953:
2949:
2943:
2936:
2928:
2927:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2880:Orange (colour)
2850:
2844:
2843:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2786:British English
2756:
2755:
2748:
2744:
2738:
2732:
2675:Chiang Kai-shek
2630:are translated
2592:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2537:
2536:
2531:WP:ENGLISHTITLE
2529:
2525:
2519:
2503:motorcycle tyre
2495:Orange (colour)
2451:
2444:
2443:
2436:
2432:
2426:
2362:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2343:
2337:
2308:
2304:Cold war (term)
2293:
2197:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2177:WP:SMALLDETAILS
2175:
2171:
2165:
2122:
2090:
2062:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2036:
2030:
1998:
1977:fan (implement)
1965:French language
1946:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1856:
1849:
1848:
1841:
1834:
1830:
1822:
1732:naming criteria
1709:
1698:MOS:UNCERTAINTY
1694:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1668:
1660:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1619:
1613:
1586:; for example,
1572:
1571:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1549:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1375:
1369:
1362:MOS:CHANGEDNAME
1358:
1357:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1235:Cavia porcellus
1067:
1066:
1059:
1052:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1029:
930:Recognizability
913:
912:
910:
903:
902:
895:
891:
885:
804:
730:
721:
671:
529:Writing systems
206:Fauna (animals)
171:
151:
141:
140:
133:
126:
119:
115:
107:
106:
81:
75:
68:
61:
50:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5128:
5126:
5118:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5092:
5091:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5057:
5034:
5031:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5024:
5023:
5021:Privacy policy
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4997:
4995:
4980:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4952:
4951:
4941:
4940:
4939:
4928:
4926:
4911:
4904:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4887:
4885:Categorization
4882:
4876:
4874:
4873:Classification
4870:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4830:
4829:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4791:Disambiguation
4788:
4783:
4782:
4781:
4770:
4764:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4748:
4746:Editing policy
4742:
4740:
4725:
4718:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4693:Administrators
4689:
4687:
4672:
4665:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4625:
4619:
4617:
4602:
4595:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4585:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4529:
4527:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4445:
4443:
4428:
4421:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4411:External links
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4382:
4381:
4371:
4369:Citing sources
4366:
4361:
4355:
4353:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4335:Article titles
4332:
4327:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4291:
4289:
4274:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4234:Knowledge key
4233:
4231:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4208:
4202:
4201:
4193:
4192:External links
4190:
4187:
4186:
4169:
4152:
4131:
4118:
4110:cardiac arrest
4094:
4083:
4072:
4055:
4046:
4028:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3981:
3976:
3947:
3941:
3935:
3926:
3920:
3915:
3908:
3905:
3859:
3856:
3814:
3813:
3805:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3722:
3721:
3713:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3662:
3661:
3653:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3555:
3554:
3551:WP:ITALICTITLE
3546:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3523:
3513:
3502:
3501:
3498:MOS:APOSTROPHE
3490:
3447:
3446:
3391:
3350:cannot be used
3338:
3337:
3330:
3322:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3286:
3283:
3259:
3256:
3232:
3229:
3180:
3179:
3172:
3164:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3117:
3116:
3108:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3068:
3065:
3023:
3022:
3015:
3007:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2959:
2958:
2950:
2945:
2935:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2922:WP:TITLEFORMAT
2917:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2842:
2841:
2833:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2754:
2753:
2745:
2740:
2731:
2728:
2655:Latin alphabet
2636:Moselle Valley
2577:
2576:
2569:
2561:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2535:
2534:
2526:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2491:
2480:Chihuahua City
2476:Querétaro City
2457:
2442:
2441:
2433:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2398:
2397:
2384:
2353:
2352:
2344:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2325:
2324:
2306:
2287:
2286:
2195:
2194:
2187:
2180:
2172:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2145:
2144:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2060:
2059:
2052:
2045:
2037:
2032:
2029:
2026:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1928:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1909:
1908:
1895:
1847:
1846:
1839:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1820:Disambiguation
1818:
1817:
1816:
1798:
1780:
1762:
1725:Columbia River
1706:WP:PRECISELANG
1692:
1691:
1684:
1677:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1570:
1569:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1479:
1478:
1471:
1463:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1432:
1431:
1424:
1416:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1384:
1356:
1355:
1352:WP:NAMECHANGES
1347:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1317:
1316:
1310:
1303:Mueller report
1300:
1288:
1276:
1275:
1269:
1263:
1251:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1228:
1222:
1210:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1177:
1176:
1173:Shirley Temple
1170:
1164:
1158:
1152:
1146:
1140:
1137:Mahatma Gandhi
1065:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1042:
1037:
1028:
1025:
1021:disambiguation
988:United Kingdom
983:
982:
965:
952:
939:
933:
901:
900:
892:
887:
884:
881:
851:
806:
805:
803:
802:
795:
788:
780:
777:
776:
775:
774:
769:
764:
759:
757:Article titles
754:
749:
744:
736:
735:
723:
722:
720:
719:
712:
705:
697:
694:
693:
692:
691:
686:
681:
676:
669:
664:
662:Capitalization
656:
655:
651:
650:
649:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
547:
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539:
532:
522:
521:
517:
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510:
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500:
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492:
491:
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487:
481:
480:
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474:
467:
466:
465:
464:
461:
455:
454:
453:
446:
445:
444:
443:
440:
434:
433:
432:
431:
426:
421:
413:
412:
408:
407:
406:
401:
396:
389:
388:
387:
386:
383:
380:
374:
373:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
340:
339:
338:
337:
334:
331:
325:
324:
323:
322:
321:
320:
310:
305:
300:
292:
291:
285:
284:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
231:
230:
229:
228:
225:
222:
216:
215:
214:
213:
211:Flora (plants)
208:
200:
199:
195:
194:
193:
192:
182:
181:
177:
176:
173:
162:
161:
155:
143:
142:
139:
138:
131:
124:
116:
111:
108:
96:
95:
87:
85:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5127:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5080:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5058:
5056:
5055:
5050:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5032:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4994:
4984:
4981:
4972:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4945:
4942:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4925:
4915:
4912:
4905:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4834:Accessibility
4832:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4813:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4780:
4779:Summary style
4777:
4776:
4775:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4753:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4729:
4726:
4719:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4686:
4676:
4673:
4666:
4656:
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4648:
4646:
4643:
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4638:
4634:
4631:
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4621:
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4606:
4603:
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4457:
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4412:
4409:
4407:
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4399:
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4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4364:Autobiography
4362:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4342:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4295:Verifiability
4293:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4278:
4275:
4268:
4260:
4259:
4255:
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4141:
4135:
4132:
4122:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4098:
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1279:Other topics
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513:Stub sorting
429:Sports teams
241:Broadcasting
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4645:Attack page
4633:Biographies
4066:, although
4024:==Level 2==
4016:<h1: -->
4005:<h1: -->
3682:Invader Zim
3676:Invader ZIM
3474:instead of
3466:instead of
3432:orthography
3278:WP:Subpages
3113:WP:DEFINITE
3012:WP:SINGULAR
2902:Piped links
2812:, American
2810:fizzy drink
2764:Australian
2750:WP:TITLEVAR
2671:Tchaikovsky
2542:coup d'état
2488:Guadalajara
2486:instead of
2448:WP:TITLECON
2424:Consistency
2320:Gray Poupon
2315:Grey Poupon
2310:Gray Poupon
2264:WP:CRITERIA
2243:Sea-Monkeys
2205:Iron Maiden
2201:iron maiden
2184:WP:DIFFCAPS
2049:WP:PARENDIS
1843:WP:TITLEDAB
1640:Main page:
1532:Antennagate
1468:WP:NPOVNAME
1428:WP:POVTITLE
1272:Darth Vader
1247:Spanish flu
1200:North Korea
1167:Mark Antony
1076:independent
968:Consistency
961:§ Concision
936:Naturalness
897:WP:CRITERIA
831:parentheses
667:Use English
621:New Zealand
281:Visual arts
276:Video games
256:Manuscripts
5094:Categories
4949:User boxes
4944:User pages
4583:Signatures
4459:Harassment
4391:Plagiarism
4359:Notability
3950:Knowledge:
3827:was made.
3774:neutrality
3728:Endianness
3666:See also:
3658:WP:TITLETM
3592:title case
3588:the Talmud
3526:Fractions:
3479:'Bismarck'
3452:apostrophe
3414:guillemets
3384:diacritics
3380:diacritics
3342:See also:
3272:namespaces
2982:, see the
2846:See also:
2806:soft drink
2734:See also:
2581:See also:
2392:(see also
2349:WP:CONCISE
2271:Renaming "
2149:characters
2126:WP:CONCISE
2018:Tony Blair
1933:WP:NATURAL
1702:WP:OPCOORD
1681:WP:PRECISE
1588:allegation
1545:See also:
1475:WP:POVNAME
1436:See also:
1371:See also:
1327:Books, LLC
1260:Windows XP
1231:Guinea pig
1143:Mansa Musa
1031:See also:
854:categories
654:Formatting
611:Macedonian
561:Bangladesh
508:Long lists
498:Categories
489:Categories
379:Government
333:Technology
271:Television
4956:Shortcuts
4650:Oversight
4598:Deletion
4553:Etiquette
4464:Vandalism
4454:Consensus
4330:Image use
4320:Copyright
4182:Jguk case
4165:talk page
4163:(and the
4102:Ambiguity
3886:consensus
3848:Volgograd
3748:Pioneer 6
3584:the Quran
3580:the Bible
3492:See also
3319:Shortcuts
3307:Concision
3176:WP:GERUND
3161:Shortcuts
3155:Use nouns
3145:The Crown
3004:Shortcuts
2798:color gel
2663:romanized
2608:Nuremberg
2604:Göttingen
2558:Shortcuts
2507:snow tire
2335:Concision
2247:SeaMonkey
2234:Airplane!
2169:Shortcuts
2034:Shortcuts
1940:WP:NATDIS
1925:Shortcuts
1828:Shortcuts
1666:Shortcuts
1658:Precision
1617:Shortcuts
1598:However,
1488:, or the
1460:Shortcuts
1413:Shortcuts
1366:WP:RENAME
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