666:. In the vast majority of cases, this will be the current scientific name. This is because the vast majority of plants are of academic interest only to botanists, and botanists almost invariably use scientific names in their published works. On the other hand, when a plant is of interest outside botany – for example because it has agricultural, horticultural or cultural significance – then a vernacular name may be more common.
21:
1800:
International Code of
Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP or Cultivated Plant Code) incorporating the Rules and Recommendations for naming plants in cultivation, Eighth Edition, Adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences International Commission for the Nomenclature of Cultivated
1514:
If the scientific name of a plant has recently been changed (e.g. a species has been transferred into a different genus), and there is no reason to believe that the name change is contentious, use the new name regardless of usage in older reliable sources. It is not appropriate for us to retain
1469:
states that "trade designations must always be distinguished typographically from cultivar, Group and grex epithets." They should never be set in single quotes. Some are also registered trade marks (which cultivar names never are). There is currently no consensus as to how to represent trade
1609:
The entire scientific name should be italicized. Note that the 'connecting forms' used in infraspecific plant names, the hybrid symbol, and abbreviations such as "cf.", "sp.", etc. are not part of the scientific name and should not be italicized. Thus
595:
970:
It is typical for a plant's scientific name to be the COMMONNAME (i.e., the most frequently used in reliable sources). For example: the same type of plant may be called two different vernacular names in different regions. However, since both regions
1436:, all of which are complicated, and none standardised. In the rare case where an unpublished taxon is notable enough to warrant a Knowledge (XXG) article, the article title should use the provisional name exactly as given in reliable sources; e.g.
1483:
is used. If a consensus on displaying trade designations is reached in future, consistency will be easy to achieve. Using the template also makes clear to other editors that no cultivar name is involved. For example, to give an article the title
1065:
However, if the name of a monotypic taxon is shared with another topic, it is usually more appropriate to use a binomial as a natural disambiguation rather than creating an article with a parenthetical disambiguating term for the taxon. E.g.,
1744:
Many arguments were caused by plants more notorious outside their native range and called different names as natives and invasives. At the time when the convention was first implemented, this was a major issue, as was the question of
722:
Scientific names are to be used as article titles in all cases except when a plant has an agricultural, horticultural, economic or cultural role or use that makes it more prominent in some other field than in botany; e.g.
1765:
McNeill, J.; Barrie, F.R.; Buck, W.R.; Demoulin, V.; Greuter, W.; Hawksworth, D.L.; Herendeen, P.S.; Knapp, S.; Marhold, K.; Prado, J.; Prud'homme Van Reine, W.F.; Smith, G.F.; Wiersema, J.H.; Turland, N.J. (2012).
738:
Note that it is often possible to distinguish between plant taxon and plant product, and in those cases it is not necessary to treat both in a single article. For example, there are separate articles on
1002:
1001:
When a taxon contains only a single member, both taxon and member are usually treated in a single article. In such cases, the article title is chosen from among the "principal ranks" specified by the
316:
465:
1453:
1369:
1630:
sp. ("sp." is not italicized). Any parenthetic expression should not be italicized unless it is part of the scientific name, as in the case of a subgenus, which is always italicized.
611:
435:
225:
518:
483:
277:
267:
230:
1550:, which works for most scientific names, including those with a parenthetic identifier, but not including those with a subgenus, cultivar, variety or nonitalicized abbreviations
553:
523:
373:
346:
326:
1842:
1769:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011
394:
240:
548:
451:
584:
473:
1822:
351:
235:
163:
1837:
589:
543:
198:
178:
637:
498:
430:
193:
48:
749:(the plant species that most commonly yields grapes). When a decision is made to treat them separately, the taxon article should use the scientific name.
538:
533:
458:
341:
282:
272:
912:– "jack" here does not refer to a particular individual. English names should be sourced in the same way as all other information in the article. Create
606:
478:
287:
1062:
In all these cases, create redirects from the missing ranks (i.e. those without their own article), and include them in bold text in the lead section.
1537:
is the article name, the title should be italicized following standard practice in biology publications. There are multiple ways to accomplish this:
601:
563:
493:
488:
1858:
528:
508:
399:
220:
211:
203:
188:
168:
111:
32:
975:
refer to the plant by its Latin scientific name, that scientific name is actually more commonly recognizable than either of the vernacular names.
1827:
513:
503:
292:
183:
173:
158:
128:
1797:
Brickell, C.D.; Alexander, C.; David, J.C.; Hetterscheid, W.L.A.; Leslie, A.C.; Malecot, V.; Jin, X.; Editorial committee; Cubey, J.J. (2009).
568:
1776:
677:. Both of these lend further support to the use of scientific names, and the latter leads to standardisation on certain orthographic points.
1832:
1696:
752:
Such splitting is very highly recommended when there is not a one-to-one correspondence between plant taxon and plant product. For example,
558:
28:
1040:
Divisions of a genus (subgenus, section, subsection, series, subseries) with a single species are treated at the article of that species.
1221:
1712:
1404:
1242:
321:
823:
425:
1633:
Examples (these titles may or may not exist in
Knowledge (XXG), they are provided only to show how to format such cases):
1037:
Divisions of families (subfamilies, tribes and subtribes) that contain one genus are treated at the article of that genus.
40:
1158:
872:
1863:
1200:
630:
623:
1787:, although explicit reference to not italicizing the hybrid symbol is restricted to the use of the letter x (H.3A.2).
952:
651:
420:
95:
86:
1394:
1377:). Each of the words within the epithet (with some permitted exceptions such as conjunctions) is capitalized, e.g.,
1579:
1845:
scientific names redirecting to articles titled by common name (i.e. plant articles not titled by scientific name)
1351:
1137:
855:
1515:
archaic terminology while we wait for usage in older reliable sources to be swamped by usage in newer sources.
1437:
955:
policy contains a section entitled "Use commonly recognizable names", more often referred to by the short-cut:
1754:
Latin names do not require elaborate sortkeys to keep related plants together within non-taxonomic categories.
1524:
1179:
1116:
1044:
However, because genera are better known than the other ranks (and families are better known than orders):
956:
923:
837:
1255:
1599:
1556:
1544:
1318:
984:
934:
913:
705:
57:
44:
1652:
Omit the name parameter in the taxobox (unless the name parameter is being used for a vernacular name)
1367:
Cultivar names are not italicized and are placed in single quote marks as per the requirements of the
1279:
851:
1807:. International Association for Plant Taxonomy and International Society for Horticultural Science.
1589:
1361:
1150:
1052:
842:
1473:
If an article is given a title including a trade designation, it is recommended that the template
1364:(U+00D7), which should not be italicized. A redirect should be made at the spelling with an "x".
827:
784:
735:. These exceptions are determined on a case-by-case basis through discussion towards consensus.
1091:
should be named with the abbreviation for the rank in the title as follows in the table below:
1773:
1657:
1433:
963:(or vernacular) name. The policy uses the word "common" in the context of "what name is most
898:. Personal names should be capitalized only when they refer to specific individuals; thus for
816:
766:
1678:
1569:
1562:(Example: {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Homo'' (genus)}}, which works for all titles but is less concise)
1234:
1129:
1014:
1171:
1073:
1009:
802:
753:
959:. It is important not to confuse Knowledge (XXG)'s concept of COMMONNAME with a plant's
1823:
Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style (capital letters) § Animals, plants, and other organisms
1534:
1418:
900:
745:
1767:
833:
791:
1852:
1477:
1267:
1088:
1068:
1784:
1798:
909:
905:
895:
891:
887:
883:
1465:; they are often different in different countries and can change over time. The
960:
927:
878:
787:
referred to in an article should be entered in one of the following page types:
1048:
A family or order with a single genus is treated at the article for that genus.
826:(in cases where ambiguous vernacular names are applied to multiple taxa) (e.g.
1461:
calls these "trade designations". Trade designations are not regulated by the
1299:, but this can easily be confounded with the abbreviation for plural species,
1213:
1192:
1051:
A genus with a single species is treated at the article for the genus. (See
1034:
Suborders that contain one family are treated at the article of that family.
864:
696:
Based on the above principles, the following guidelines have been adopted:
916:
from alternative capitalizations of
English names used as article titles.
1457:), many cultivated plants have "selling names" or "marketing names"; the
1382:
1108:
859:
761:
1502:", create the article with the title "Buddleja Nanho Blue" and then put
1058:
An order with a single family is treated at the article for that family.
882:
are given in lower case, except where proper names appear. Examples are
1425:, is capitalized and not italicized, and includes the word Group e.g.,
1024:
757:
1639:
1530:
1019:
967:
used", and not in the context of "what name do common folk use".
772:
740:
724:
777:
732:
728:
1491:", create the article with the title "Rosa Peace" and then put
1403:
These two conventions are combined for hybrid cultivars; e.g.
15:
1595:
templates can all produce italic titles without the need for
1421:(formerly cultivar group), following the requirements of the
650:
This page describes
Knowledge (XXG)'s guidelines on choosing
43:
may apply. Substantive edits to this page should reflect
1772:. Vol. Regnum Vegetabile 154. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG.
1454:
1451:
In addition to a unique cultivar name (regulated by the
1370:
1055:
for the taxobox for monotypic genera at the genus name.)
1333:
1326:
992:
942:
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713:
72:
65:
1725:{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ulmus'' Ă— ''hollandica'' 'Dampieri'}}
1706:{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ulmus americana'' 'Beebe's Weeping'}}
1504:{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Buddleja'' {{tdes|Nanho Blue|caps}}}}
921:
596:
Definite or indefinite article at beginning of name
1843:Category:Redirects from scientific names of plants
858:for the name has already been established (e.g.
1493:{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Rosa'' {{tdes|Peace|plain}}}}
1393:convention for single-species parentage; e.g.
662:The guiding principle of this guideline is to
631:
8:
1605:; see the documentation for these templates.
1495:at the start. To give an article the title "
112:Category:Knowledge (XXG) naming conventions
39:Editors should generally follow it, though
1828:Knowledge (XXG):Naming conventions (fauna)
1087:Articles on infrageneric or infraspecific
638:
624:
90:
1673:Omit the name parameter from the taxobox
1313:Hybrids, cultivars and provisional names
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1053:Template:Speciesbox#Monospecific genera
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1670:{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Asparagus'' (genus)}}
680:Secondary, practical aspects include
669:Other principles in play here include
1691:{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Watsonia'' (plant)}}
1432:Several conventions exist for naming
31:documents an English Knowledge (XXG)
7:
1763:For plants, see all the examples in
1360:. The character in the middle is a
1072:is a more natural search term than
1859:Knowledge (XXG) naming conventions
1838:Plant naming convention discussion
700:Scientific versus vernacular names
47:. When in doubt, discuss first on
14:
1470:designations in Knowledge (XXG).
1381:'Pink Whirls'. Articles on named
1083:Ranks requiring connecting terms
664:follow usage in reliable sources
19:
854:may need to be created where a
1833:Tree of Life naming convention
87:Knowledge (XXG):Article titles
1:
1342:Articles on hybrids use the
1295:is sometimes abbreviated as
1649:{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Lilium''}}
1626:("cf." is not italicized),
879:vernacular ("common") names
785:synonymous scientific names
654:for articles about plants.
1880:
1618:("f." is not italicized),
1522:
1316:
1005:. The relevant ranks are:
982:
932:
764:all come from the species
703:
317:Government and legislation
84:
55:
49:this guideline's talk page
783:All vernacular names and
770:; and several species of
443:Language/country-specific
1307:is therefore used here.
904:, English names include
1244:Anadenanthera colubrina
838:Yucca (disambiguation)
743:(an edible fruit) and
612:Technical restrictions
226:Ethnicities and tribes
103:All naming conventions
1612:Cyclamen hederifolium
283:Programming languages
1809:Article 14, page 19.
1003:Code of Nomenclature
682:dispute sidestepping
231:Royalty and nobility
1362:multiplication sign
1303:. The abbreviation
896:Low's pitcher-plant
843:Crataegus pubescens
834:Disambiguation page
1864:WikiProject Plants
1427:Cynara cardunculus
943:WP:FLORACOMMONNAME
910:jack in the pulpit
828:common bladderwort
1778:978-3-87429-425-6
1701:'Beebe's Weeping'
1580:Automatic taxobox
1350:convention; e.g.
1290:
1289:
993:WP:MONOTYPICFLORA
953:WP:Article titles
850:Alternatively, a
824:Set index article
817:Lambertia formosa
810:Lambertia barbata
767:Brassica oleracea
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374:Numbers and dates
347:Latter Day Saints
327:Political parties
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1429:Scolymus Group.
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797:English sundew
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1506:at the start.
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1441:sp. Mt Burrowa
1417:The name of a
1398:'Robyn Gordon'
1389:'Cultivar Name
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922:Don't confuse
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901:Arum maculatum
892:English sundew
884:mountain maple
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746:Vitis vinifera
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1071:
1070:
1069:Alberta magna
1063:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1004:
994:
990:
989:
986:
978:
976:
974:
968:
966:
962:
958:
957:WP:COMMONNAME
954:
944:
940:
939:
936:
929:
925:
924:WP:COMMONNAME
919:
917:
915:
903:
902:
888:common sundew
881:
880:
874:
869:
867:
866:
861:
857:
856:primary topic
853:
845:
844:
839:
835:
832:
829:
825:
822:
819:
818:
813:
811:
805:
804:
798:
793:
790:
789:
788:
786:
781:
779:
775:
774:
769:
768:
763:
759:
755:
750:
748:
747:
742:
736:
734:
730:
726:
715:
711:
710:
707:
699:
697:
691:
689:
687:
683:
678:
676:
672:
667:
665:
657:
655:
653:
641:
636:
634:
629:
627:
622:
621:
619:
618:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
597:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
582:
581:
580:
575:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
474:Ancient Roman
472:
471:
468:
467:
466:All countries
463:
461:
460:
459:All languages
456:
454:
453:
449:
448:
447:
446:
441:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
417:
411:
408:
407:
405:
401:
398:
396:
393:
392:
391:
385:
382:
381:
379:
375:
372:
371:
370:
364:
361:
360:
358:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
339:
338:
337:
334:Organizations
332:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
314:
313:
307:
304:
301:
300:
298:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
265:
264:
258:
255:
252:
251:
249:
242:
239:
238:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
218:
217:
216:
213:
209:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
156:
155:
149:
147:Entertainment
146:
143:
142:
140:
135:
132:
130:
127:
126:
125:
124:
119:
114:
113:
109:
108:
107:
106:
101:
97:
92:
88:
74:
70:
67:
63:
62:
59:
54:
50:
46:
42:
36:
34:
30:
25:
18:
17:
1799:
1792:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1740:
1717:
1713:
1711:
1698:
1697:
1680:
1679:
1659:
1658:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1600:Italic title
1557:DISPLAYTITLE
1545:Italic title
1528:
1513:
1496:
1485:
1472:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1450:
1438:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1416:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1395:
1386:
1379:Osteospermum
1378:
1374:
1368:
1366:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1247:
1243:
1227:sericophylla
1226:
1222:
1205:
1201:
1184:
1180:
1163:
1159:
1142:
1138:
1121:
1117:
1100:Abbreviation
1086:
1074:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1043:
1029:
1000:
972:
969:
964:
950:
918:
906:Adam and Eve
899:
876:
870:
863:
849:
841:
815:
807:
801:
782:
771:
765:
751:
744:
737:
721:
695:
685:
681:
679:
674:
670:
668:
663:
661:
649:
464:
457:
450:
436:Stub sorting
352:Sports teams
164:Broadcasting
133:
110:
26:
1385:follow the
1334:WP:CULTIVAR
1206:Longistyles
1143:Stolonifera
928:common name
675:consistency
590:Use English
544:New Zealand
204:Visual arts
199:Video games
179:Manuscripts
85:Main page:
1853:Categories
1785:Appendix I
1720:'Dampieri'
1718:hollandica
1624:domesticus
1616:albiflorum
1590:Speciesbox
1523:See also:
1500:Nanho Blue
1412:'Dampieri'
1410:hollandica
1357:hookeriana
1293:Subspecies
1256:Subvariety
1214:Subspecies
1185:Spicigerae
1160:Epidendrum
1151:Subsection
965:frequently
875:says that
692:Guidelines
658:Principles
577:Formatting
534:Macedonian
484:Bangladesh
431:Long lists
421:Categories
412:Categories
302:Government
256:Technology
194:Television
73:WP:NCFLORA
41:exceptions
1660:Asparagus
1439:Grevillea
1396:Grevillea
1383:cultivars
1353:Nepenthes
1319:Shortcuts
1193:Subseries
1162:subsect.
1122:Isostylis
1103:Examples
914:redirects
865:Myroxylon
671:precision
569:Ukrainian
549:Old Norse
539:Mongolian
342:Companies
273:Chemistry
268:Astronomy
259:Transport
58:Shortcuts
45:consensus
29:guideline
1817:See also
1681:Watsonia
1510:Currency
1497:Buddleja
1204:subser.
1164:Carinata
1155:subsect.
1109:Subgenus
985:Shortcut
935:Shortcut
877:English
860:geranium
792:Redirect
762:broccoli
706:Shortcut
607:Acronyms
524:Japanese
479:Armenian
305:Politics
288:Aircraft
278:Medicine
66:WP:FLORA
1683:(plant)
1662:(genus)
1570:Taxobox
1529:When a
1348:species
1280:Subform
1260:subvar.
1235:Variety
1225:subsp.
1202:Banksia
1197:subser.
1181:Banksia
1139:Drosera
1130:Section
1118:Banksia
1077:(plant)
1075:Alberta
1025:Species
852:hatnote
758:cabbage
602:Plurals
564:Tibetan
559:Russian
494:Chinese
489:Burmese
362:Numbers
253:Science
1801:Plants
1640:Lilium
1628:Corvus
1620:Passer
1305:subsp.
1218:subsp.
1172:Series
1141:sect.
1120:subg.
1030:Thus:
1015:Family
961:common
890:, but
836:(e.g.
794:(e.g.
776:yield
554:Polish
529:Korean
509:Hebrew
499:German
400:Events
395:Places
386:Events
383:Places
236:Sports
221:Clergy
212:People
189:Operas
169:Comics
121:Nature
1805:(PDF)
1732:Notes
1714:Ulmus
1535:taxon
1531:genus
1489:Peace
1467:ICNCP
1463:ICNCP
1459:ICNCP
1423:ICNCP
1419:Group
1406:Ulmus
1387:Genus
1375:ICNCP
1344:Genus
1284:subf.
1248:cebil
1246:var.
1183:ser.
1134:sect.
1113:subg.
1089:ranks
1020:Genus
1010:Order
926:with
773:Oryza
741:grape
725:apple
519:Irish
514:Indic
504:Greek
426:Lists
409:Lists
365:Dates
322:Legal
293:Ships
184:Music
174:Films
159:Books
150:Media
27:This
1774:ISBN
1622:cf.
1585:and
1565:The
1486:Rosa
1478:tdes
1301:spp.
1297:ssp.
1268:Form
1239:var.
1176:ser.
1097:Rank
973:also
951:Our
908:and
871:The
778:rice
760:and
733:rose
729:flax
684:and
673:and
144:Arts
1614:f.
868:).
814:→
308:Law
1855::
1783:,
1716:Ă—
1603:}}
1597:{{
1593:}}
1587:{{
1583:}}
1577:{{
1575:,
1573:}}
1567:{{
1560:}}
1554:{{
1548:}}
1542:{{
1481:}}
1475:{{
1443:.
1414:.
1408:Ă—
1400:.
1355:Ă—
1346:Ă—
1272:f.
1079:.
894:,
886:,
862:,
846:).
840:,
806:,
800:→
780:.
756:,
731:,
727:,
688:.
1781:.
1484:"
1391:'
1373:(
830:)
820:)
639:e
632:t
625:v
51:.
35:.
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