17:
52:
92:
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wrote: "It was a fatal rashness that the method to use guncotton as blowing agent in guns, developed by Major
General Lenk of Wolfsberg, was not pursued further after the explosion of a depot. Finally, it was just the Austrian artillery, whose officers and graduates of the Engineering Academy were
155:
Wolfsberg patented the process about his method of controlled compression of the fibre at the guncotton on June 4, 1864. Therefore, he was asked to give lectures in
England and France. In France, he was allowed to report Emperor Napoleon III. personally and received from his hand the Commander's
465:
Gerhard
Freiherr von Ledebur: „Die Seemine: geschichtliche Darstellung der Entwicklung der Seeminen und der Minenabwehr unter Einbeziehung der Minenabwehrfahrzeuge mit Beispielen aus dem Minenkrieg und einer minenrechtlichen Betrachtung“, vol. 16 von Wehrwissenschaftliche Berichte, Verlag J. F.
314:
Eveline
Aloisia Schreher (b. November 2, 1810, Mainz; d. January 7, 1871, Troppau). They had five children. Rudolf (1834-1907), the eldest son, was an Austrian General, too. One of his daughters, Malwine (1839-1866), married the Austrian General Constantin Buol von Wischenau (1822-1893), the
186:
wrote in his book about the historical representation of the sea mine, that Lenk succeeded in making a
Trinitrocellulose, that fulfilled the military requirements for durability and uniform combustion with high efficiency. In the document the "European Association for Chemical and Molecular
204:
The last mention finally comes from the
Austrian Army in 2010: "In 1860 the Austrian officer Wilhelm Lenk von Wolfsberg improved the gun-cotton." Furthermore, the author pointed out to the indispensable additional use of this material for the production of torpedoes, beginning in the
170:
Furthermore, Wilhelm invented a good corroborating percussion fuse, a shrapnel grenade, and collapsible tubes for mountain guns. He also gave a construction of the so-called wedge traits for rifled guns. The results convinced and had to go in equipping 30 field batteries.
152:, was established in 1851. The later Feldzeugmeister succeeded in generating a Trinitrocellulose , that met the military requirements for durability, uniform combustion with high combustion rate and temperature insensitivity up to an ignition point of 136 °C.
299:
87:
in the artillery stuff-administrative district of the 2nd
Artillery regiment. He was assigned to the General Division Artillery and promoted to major at the end of 1852. Now he could completely dedicate his time to his work in the field of technical chemistry.
201:, which was established based on Lenk's desire, Wilhelm is designated there as a man with a revolutionary idea, but its technology was not yet ripe for that time. Ultimately, modern technology use his invention in the arms and ammunition technology since 1990.
156:
Cross of the Legion of Honour and a box provided with his initials and ornate with diamonds. However, by the end of 1865 the production was abandoned prematurely in fear of spontaneous combustion in
Austria, due to explosions in two magazines.
700:
M. Pelouze: “On gun-cotton, with reference to the new methods of
General Baron von Lenk for preparing and employing this substance“, in Philosophical Magazine, Series 4 (1871-1875), Volume 28, London 1864
103:
and chairman of the second
Department of General Artillery Directorate (Director of guncotton centre). He remained in this position until he promoted, out of the ranking tour, on 19 February 1861 to
703:
Siegfried Julius von von Romocki: „Geschichte der Explosivstoffe“, Band 2: „Die rauchschwachen Pulver in ihrer Entwicklung bis zur Gegenwart“, reprint from 1896, Verlag Dogma, Bremen 2013,
114:, the fortified camp near Vienna, as chief of artillery great merits during the war of 1866. Therefore, the emperor promoted him on November 9, 1867 (rank from November 13 of the year), to
684:
448:
118:(Feldmarschalleutnant), and in 1871 he appointed Wolfsberg to the owner of the Corps Artillery Regiment No. 4. In April 1875, he entrusted him with the command of the fortress of
59:
The young Wilhelm was adjusted in the Artillery regiment Nr. 4 in 1823. He completed the higher course of his artillery training in the Austrian military training centres and the
719:
645:
Schematismus für das kaiserliche und königliche Heer und für die kaiserliche und königliche Kriegsmarine, K. K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien, Dezember 1877, p. 224
575:
Schematismus für das kaiserliche und königliche Heer und für die kaiserliche und königliche Kriegsmarine, K. K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien, Dezember 1859, p. 64
110:
In this function he became the second owner of the Artillery Regiment No. 1 "Kaiser Franz Joseph" in 1866 and earned through the armouring of the bridgehead
783:
758:
107:
and was entrusted with the management of the Artillery Committees, then in 1862 followed the appointment as national director of artillery in Vienna.
376:
Dr. Constant von Wurzbach, Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Ă–sterreich, Verlag der k. k. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, part 14, p. 362, Wien, 1865
768:
724:
269:
16:
708:
63:
in 1826, moved there in 1831 to lieutenant. In the following years, Lenk served as commander of a Bombardier detachment in the federal
627:
Streffleurs Österreichische Militärische Zeitschrift VII. Jahrgang, 3. Band, VIII. Heft, Verlag Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien 1866, S. 193
319:
and large landowner's Karl Freiherr Putz von Rolsberg (1852-1921). She was the ancestress of the children of Count Alexander, son of
278:
773:
307:
320:
251:
137:
The Baron occupied himself in 1849 with technical work, especially intensive with the improvement and consolidation of the
287:
695:
689:
453:
51:
663:
Schweizerisches Geschlechterbuch - Almanach généalogique suisse, Band 3, Genealogisches Institut Zwicky, 1910, S. 90
397:
Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: Die k. k. bzw. k. u. k. Generalität 1816–1918, Österreichisches Staatsarchiv, 1907, p. 104
778:
316:
224:
164:
476:
233:
144:. He tried to use the guncotton as blowing agent for guns. Therefore, the “K. K. Ärarische Schießwollanstalt” in
615:
508:
Dietmar Scharmitzer, Anastasius Grün (1808-1876), Leben und Werk, Böhlau Verlag Wien, Köln, Weimar, 2010, p. 351
341:
28:
763:
190:
Wilhelm Lenk von Wolfsberg is mentioned in the "Inventions of 1849" along with the names of Ebelman, Halliday,
91:
730:
Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: Die k. k. bzw. k. u. k. Generalität 1816–1918, Österreichisches Staatsarchiv, 1907
367:
Allgemeiner Militär-Kalender auf das Jahr 1866, 6. Jg., p. 46, Verlag von Chr. Winter, Frankfurt a.M. 1866,
242:
215:
76:
183:
753:
748:
696:
Jean-Marie Michel : « Contribution à l'histoire industrielle des polymères en France »
198:
149:
68:
191:
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Maximilian Mayerhoffer, Stammtafel und Adelsnachweise der Familie Putz von Rolsberg, Tannheim 1951
100:
159:
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104:
64:
593:
Armee-Nachrichten, Beilage zur militärischen Zeitschrift No. 20, S. 145, vom 15. Oktober 1861
260:
138:
126:
67:. In 1839, he became first lieutenant in the Field Artillery Regiment Nr. 1, then in 1848
40:
32:
385:
Allgemeiner Militärkalender auf das Jahr 1866, Verlag Chr. Winter, Frankfurt a. M., p. 46
340:
Dokumentation, Ă–sterreichisches Biographisches Lexikon und biographische (17 June 2018).
141:
742:
315:
youngest, Friederike Berta (1843-1906), was the spouse of the deputy of the Austrian
115:
636:
Anno: "Das Vaterland" Zeitung fĂĽr die Ă–sterreichische Monarchie vom 20. Oktober 1894
306:
Wilhelm was the son of Jacob Freiherr Lenk von Wolfsberg, Colonel and Knight of the
298:
80:
537:
Hirtenberger AG. Die ersten 150 Jahre. Festschrift anlässlich des Firmenjubiläums
111:
517:
Gerhard Freiherr von Ledebur, "Die Seemine", Verlag J. J. Lehmann, MĂĽnchen 1977
723:. 14. Teil. Verlag der k. k. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien 1865, S. 361–363 (
678:
442:
145:
428:. 14. Teil. Verlag der k. k. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien 1865, p. 361–363
60:
119:
84:
72:
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Beilage zu Allgemeinen Zeitung Nr. 44, MĂĽnchen vom 13. Februar 1862
614:, Zeitung fĂĽr die Ă–sterreichische Monarchie vom 20. Oktober 1894 (
526:
European Association for Chemical and Molecular Sciences, Webseite
311:
297:
90:
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36:
15:
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k. k. Armee-Verordnungs-Blatt Nr.46, S. 141, vom 12. August 1854
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k. k. Armeeverordnungsblatt No. 40, S 137 vom 10. Oktober 1861
243:
Knight of the Royal Prussian Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd Class
216:
Knight of the Royal Prussian Order of the Red Eagle, 3rd Class
43:), owner of the Corps Artillery Regiment No. 4 and scientist.
393:
391:
252:
Commander of the Royal Bavarian Merit Order of St. Michael
288:
Imperial Persian Order of the Lion and the Sun, 1st Class
270:
Austro-Hungarian Military Merit Cross with War Decoration
197:
In the publication in honour on the 150th anniversary of
95:
Feldzeugmeister Wilhelm Freiherr Lenk von Wolfsberg 1877
548:Ă–sterreichs Bundesheer - Truppendienst - Ausgabe 6/2010
261:
Commander of the Imperial French Order Legion of Honour
358:
k. k. Armee-Verordnungsblatt No. 42, vom 24. Juli 1854
602:
Hof- u. Staatshandbuch des Kgr. Bayern, MĂĽnchen 1867
279:
Imperial Austrian Order of the Iron Crown, 2nd Class
55:
Coat of arms of the Barons Lenk von Wolfsberg, 1829
720:Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich
426:Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich
302:Eva Aloisia Schreher, the general's spouse in 1865
685:Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950
449:Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950
225:Knight of the Imperial Austrian Order of Leopold
148:, a predecessor of today existing arms factory
8:
25:Nikolaus Wilhelm Freiherr Lenk von Wolfsberg
20:Wilhelm Freiherr Lenk von Wolfsberg in 1865
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539:, Hirtenberger AG, Hirtenberg 2010, S. 19
492:
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477:"Scientific American Volume 11, Issue 2"
194:in the field of technological chemistry.
179:His performance is still not forgotten.
122:, which he headed until his retirement.
332:
234:Order of Saint Stanislaus Second Class
163:the main victims of the defeat at the
557:Wiener Zeitung vom 15. Mai 1850, p. 1
436:
434:
125:On April 1, 1877, he got the rank of
7:
321:Baron Alexander Wassilko von Serecki
175:Performance from today's perspective
39:, Austria) was an Austrian officer (
784:Commanders of the Legion of Honour
759:Austrian Empire military personnel
715:Lenk von Wolfsberg, Jacob Freiherr
310:. He married on June 24, 1833, in
99:On 1 April 1854, he was appointed
14:
342:"Lenk von Wolfsberg, Wilhelm Frh"
129:and retired at his own request.
308:Military Order of Maria Theresa
769:Austro-Hungarian Army officers
1:
690:Austrian Academy of Sciences
466:Lehmann, MĂĽnchen 1977, p. 39
454:Austrian Academy of Sciences
184:Gerhard Freiherr von Ledebur
167:: the battery of the dead."
692:, Vienna 1972, p. 136.
679:Lenk von Wolfsberg, Wilhelm
497:Meyers Konversationslexikon
456:, Vienna 1972, p. 136.
443:Lenk von Wolfsberg, Wilhelm
422:Lenk von Wolfsberg, Wilhelm
174:
800:
535:Hirtenberger AG (Hrsg.):
713:Constant von Wurzbach:
499:. vol. 18. 1890, p. 579
420:Constant von Wurzbach:
35:– October 18, 1894, in
774:Moravian-German people
481:scientificamerican.com
303:
133:Technical achievements
96:
56:
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346:www.biographien.ac.at
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94:
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19:
688:(Ă–BL). Vol. 5,
452:(Ă–BL). Vol. 5,
165:Battle of Königgrätz
69:Lieutenant Commander
27:(March 17, 1809, in
192:Max von Pettenkofer
304:
210:Awards (selection)
101:lieutenant colonel
97:
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22:
779:People from Opava
709:978-3-95580-637-8
142:trinitrocellulose
105:brigadier general
65:fortress of Mainz
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199:Hirtenberger AG
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160:Anastasius GrĂĽn
150:Hirtenberger AG
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127:Feldzeugmeister
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41:Feldzeugmeister
12:
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83:and 1851 at
81:Peterwardein
58:
24:
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754:1894 deaths
749:1809 births
725:Digitalisat
220:15 May 1850
112:Floridsdorf
79:in 1849 at
743:Categories
671:References
146:Hirtenberg
139:gun cotton
187:Sciences"
47:Biography
238:ca. 1860
682:". In:
446:". In:
77:captain
75:, as a
37:Troppau
33:Austria
29:Budweis
717:, in:
707:
424:, in:
294:Family
205:1890s.
120:OlmĂĽtz
85:Vienna
73:Prague
327:Notes
312:Mainz
705:ISBN
283:1872
274:1866
265:1864
256:1863
247:1861
229:1854
71:at
745::
489:^
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411:^
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