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Zhang Xuanjing

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979:) attempt to assassinate Zhang Yong, but failed. Zhang Yong then gathered his troops and attacked Zhang Tianxi, but Zhang Tianxi persuaded Zhang Yong's troops that he was avenging the Song clan and that Zhang Yong's next move was going to slaughter the royal Zhang clan. Zhang's forces, hearing this, abandoned him, and Zhang Yong committed suicide. His clan was slaughtered, and Zhang Tianxi became sole regent. Zhang Tianxi ended the practice of using 1008:) to kill Zhang Tianxi, but the news leaked, and Zhang Qin and other conspirators were put to death. Zhang Xuanjing became fearful and offered to yield the throne to Zhang Tianxi, but Zhang Tianxi refused. A month later, however, he had Liu Su lead soldiers into the palace to assassinate the 13-year-old Zhang Xuanjing, but claimed that Zhang Xuanjing died of an illness. Zhang Tianxi took the throne himself. 903:. Initially, Song had Zhang Xuanjing claim the Jin-created title of Duke of Xiping, a title that his ancestors had carried for generations, but Zhang Guan overruled Song and had the young ruler claim the title Prince of Liang, a title that Jin had declined to grant previously. Zhang Guan served as regent. 947:
Song Hun's regency was better received, as Song emphasized faithfulness and tolerance. He also had Zhang Xuanjing disclaim the title Prince of Liang and return to the Jin-created title Duke of Xiping. The people appeared to be happy about his regency. However, turmoil came again in 361, after Song
850:, who eventually had him killed and took over the title in 363. During Zhang Guan's regency, he temporarily used the title Prince of Liang, but after Song Hun overthrew Zhang Guan, he again used the Jin-created title of Duke of Xiping. 1001:
In 363, Princess Dowager Ma died, and Zhang Xuanjing honored Lady Guo as princess dowager. She became concerned that Zhang Tianxi was acting dictatorially, and she conspired with the high-level official Zhang Qin
911:
Despite his having Zhang Xuanjing claim a non-Jin-created title, Zhang Guan nevertheless continued to claim that Former Liang was a Jin vassal. In 356, however, under diplomatic and implied military pressure from
966:
After becoming regent, Zhang Yong became arrogant, sexually immoral, and dictatorial, and he often executed officials, causing the nobles and the officials to be fearful. Zhang Tianxi's assistants Liu Su
2372: 1311: 973:), comparing Zhang Yong to Zhang Zuo, persuaded him that he needed to act against Zhang Yong, and later in 361, Zhang Tianxi had Liu Su and another assistant, Zhao Baiju ( 948:
Hun died. Under Song Hun's recommendation, his brother Song Cheng became regent, but Song Cheng, not as skillful as Song Hun, was soon killed by the general Zhang Yong (
925:), and then depose Zhang Xuanjing and take the throne himself. Song Hun received news of this, however, and started an uprising within the capital Guzang (姑臧, in modern 2336: 2368: 919:
Zhang Guan governed with a heavy hand, based on his own whim. In 359, he became suspicious of Song Hun and wanted to kill him and his brother Song Cheng (
1304: 880:
In 353, Zhang Chonghua died, and Zhang Yaoling became the ruler (as Duke Ai), but actual power was in the hands of Zhang Chonghua's older brother
869:(as he honored her as princess dowager in 363, which he would have had little reason to do if she were not his mother). He had an older brother, 888:
and received her support in early 354 to depose Zhang Yaoling and claim the throne himself. Later that year, when he declared independence from
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The years of his rule were characterized by political instability, as he went through a progression of regents who overthrew each other --
2312: 1297: 2396: 1796: 933:). Song's and Zhang Guan's forces battled within the city, but eventually Song prevailed, and Zhang Guan and his brother Zhang Ju ( 2316: 2308: 1892: 1760: 494: 2348: 508: 2416: 2401: 889: 776: 228: 198: 176: 2300: 1460: 1175: 2292: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2344: 2340: 2332: 2296: 2070: 2040: 1921: 1911: 1906: 2045: 2024: 1609: 1599: 2328: 2304: 2288: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1604: 1550: 1998: 1032:, was used until 361, when Former Liang switched to using the current era names used by Jin—therefore, 892:, which Former Liang had been a titular vassal of, he created Zhang Xuanjing the Marquess of Liangwu. 1072: 866: 2411: 2406: 2035: 1410: 1398: 885: 2055: 2050: 2089: 2060: 1470: 1346: 1094: 1025: 980: 2030: 1959: 1687: 1529: 1433: 1404: 1133: 1107: 1041: 1033: 991: 1372: 1321: 1249: 804: 799:
and subsequently killed him, was himself killed in a coup. Zhang Xuanjing was addressed as
784: 700: 669: 616: 585: 531: 439: 386: 363: 312: 289: 2130: 1362: 772: 577: 220: 26: 21: 916:, Zhang Guan, on Zhang Xuanjing's behalf, formally submitted to Former Qin as a vassal. 1825: 1475: 1060: 895:
In 356, the violent and capricious Zhang Zuo was overthrown and killed by the generals
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and instead started using the current era name of Jin Dynasty (at the time,
881: 863: 792: 72: 939:) committed suicide. Their clan was slaughtered. Song Hun became regent. 783:(西平沖公, posthumous name used internally in Former Liang) was a ruler of the 2231: 2201: 2172: 1716: 1711: 1631: 1539: 1519: 1421: 1389: 1352: 1210: 984: 900: 825: 97: 954:), and his clan was slaughtered. Zhang Yong and Zhang Xuanjing's uncle 2155: 2149: 2140: 1979: 1964: 1834: 1671: 1619: 1544: 1534: 1427: 1415: 1378: 1367: 246: 1901: 1524: 1514: 1357: 1614: 1339: 930: 733: 649: 564: 474: 419: 345: 958:
became coregents, but with Zhang Yong having the bulk of power.
1293: 858:
Zhang Xuanjing was born in 350, during the reign of his father
884:, who was having an affair with Zhang Chonghua's mother 862:(Duke Jinglie). His mother was likely Zhang Chonghua's 712: 628: 543: 398: 324: 2270: 2254: 2230: 2181: 2165: 2139: 2069: 1978: 1949: 1920: 1891: 1867: 1824: 1795: 1759: 1725: 1696: 1640: 1589: 1560: 1504: 1443: 1388: 1328: 727: 720: 706: 699: 694: 682: 668: 661: 643: 636: 622: 615: 610: 598: 584: 576: 558: 551: 537: 530: 525: 507: 493: 486: 468: 461: 456: 438: 431: 413: 406: 392: 385: 380: 362: 357: 339: 332: 318: 311: 306: 288: 280: 271: 257: 245: 219: 213:, Colonel to Guard the Qiang people, Duke of Xiping 159: 147: 137: 125: 117: 113: 88: 78: 68: 60: 52: 35: 962:Under the regencies of Zhang Yong and Zhang Tianxi 795:, who had seized the title from his older brother 209:Grand Commander in charge of military affairs in 943:Under the regencies of Song Hun and Song Cheng 1305: 1003: 974: 968: 949: 934: 920: 841: 835: 829: 819: 762: 674: 590: 513: 499: 444: 368: 294: 8: 143:Zhang Xuanjing (張玄靚) or Zhang Xuanjing (張玄靖) 998:), to show even greater affinity with Jin. 1312: 1298: 1290: 1144: 691: 607: 522: 453: 377: 303: 32: 1131:Tsui Hung. "前涼錄" [Former Liang]. 179:, Duke of Xiping, Acting Prince of Liang 1123: 1086: 268: 134: 7: 14: 907:Under the regency of Zhang Guan 734: 650: 565: 475: 420: 346: 1149:Prince Chong of (Former) Liang 801:Prince Chong of (Former) Liang 713: 675: 629: 591: 544: 514: 500: 488:Prince Chong of (Former) Liang 445: 399: 369: 325: 295: 227:Duke Jingdao (敬悼公, honored by 1: 2337:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms 2392:4th-century Chinese monarchs 1024:After 356, the era name of 663:Posthumous name: (Internal) 233:Duke Chong (沖公, honored by 193:Grand General, Governor of 171:Grand General, Governor of 129:363 (aged 12–13) 2433: 15: 2286: 1278: 1268: 1255: 1248: 1189: 1181: 1174: 1147: 1106:Used the era name of the 1093:Used the era name of the 1004: 975: 969: 950: 935: 921: 846:), and finally his uncle 842: 836: 830: 820: 808: 763: 745: 690: 606: 521: 452: 376: 302: 276: 226: 166: 152: 142: 133: 42: 2397:Monarchs of Former Liang 754:(張玄靚 or 張玄靖) (350–363), 602:"respectful and fearful" 495:Traditional Chinese 215:(大都督隴右諸軍事 護羌校尉 涼州刺史 西平公) 873:, who was his father's 545:(Qián) Liáng Chōng Wáng 509:Simplified Chinese 421:/seibˠiæŋ kˠiæŋdɑu kuŋ/ 197:, Colonel to Guard the 175:, Colonel to Guard the 155:Shēngpíng (升平): 361–363 769:Duke Jingdao of Xiping 566:/d͡zen lɨɐŋ ɖɨuŋ ɦʉɐŋ/ 358:Duke Jingdao of Xiping 153:Jiànxīng (建興): 355–361 2271:Western Shu (405–413) 890:Jin Dynasty (266–420) 777:Jin Dynasty (266–420) 1052:Personal information 1020:(太始 taì shǐ) 355–356 781:Duke Chong of Xiping 433:Duke Chong of Xiping 187:Prince of Liang (涼王) 886:Princess Dowager Ma 476:/seibˠiæŋ mɨun kuŋ/ 400:Xīpíng Jìngdào Gōng 2255:Huan Chu (403–404) 2090:Son of Tuoba Pugen 1260:Title last held by 1095:Emperor Min of Jin 1026:Emperor Min of Jin 981:Emperor Min of Jin 203:(大將軍 涼州牧 護羌校尉 西平公) 181:(大將軍 涼州牧 護羌校尉 西平公) 2417:People from Wuwei 2402:Former Qin people 2379: 2378: 2166:Duan Qi (350–356) 2127: 2119: 1288: 1287: 1279:Succeeded by 1134:Shiliuguo Chunqiu 1108:Emperor Mu of Jin 749: 748: 741: 740: 701:Standard Mandarin 657: 656: 617:Standard Mandarin 572: 571: 532:Standard Mandarin 482: 481: 427: 426: 387:Standard Mandarin 353: 352: 313:Standard Mandarin 267: 266: 241: 240: 2424: 2125: 2117: 1322:Sixteen Kingdoms 1320:Monarchs of the 1314: 1307: 1300: 1291: 1250:Chinese nobility 1182:Preceded by 1170: 1163: 1145: 1139: 1138: 1128: 1111: 1104: 1098: 1091: 1007: 1006: 978: 977: 972: 971: 953: 952: 938: 937: 924: 923: 845: 844: 839: 838: 833: 832: 823: 822: 810: 766: 765: 737: 736: 716: 715: 692: 678: 677: 664: 653: 652: 632: 631: 608: 594: 593: 568: 567: 547: 546: 523: 517: 516: 503: 502: 489: 478: 477: 454: 448: 447: 434: 423: 422: 402: 401: 378: 372: 371: 349: 348: 328: 327: 304: 298: 297: 269: 201:, Duke of Xiping 135: 104:Zhang Yong (361) 102:Song Cheng (361) 33: 2432: 2431: 2427: 2426: 2425: 2423: 2422: 2421: 2382: 2381: 2380: 2375: 2282: 2266: 2250: 2226: 2177: 2161: 2135: 2131:Tuoba Shiyijian 2065: 1974: 1945: 1916: 1887: 1863: 1820: 1791: 1755: 1721: 1692: 1636: 1585: 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Vol. 7. 1122: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1099: 1085: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1078: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1066: 1065: 1064: 1063:(Duke Jinglie) 1061:Zhang Chonghua 1053: 1050: 1022: 1021: 1013: 1010: 963: 960: 944: 941: 908: 905: 860:Zhang Chonghua 855: 852: 752:Zhang Xuanjing 747: 746: 743: 742: 739: 738: 731: 729:Middle Chinese 725: 724: 722:Middle Chinese 718: 717: 710: 704: 703: 697: 696: 695:Transcriptions 688: 687: 686:"young-ruling" 684: 680: 679: 672: 666: 665: 659: 658: 655: 654: 647: 645:Middle Chinese 641: 640: 638:Middle Chinese 634: 633: 626: 620: 619: 613: 612: 611:Transcriptions 604: 603: 600: 596: 595: 588: 582: 581: 574: 573: 570: 569: 562: 560:Middle Chinese 556: 555: 553:Middle Chinese 549: 548: 541: 535: 534: 528: 527: 526:Transcriptions 519: 518: 511: 505: 504: 497: 491: 490: 484: 483: 480: 479: 472: 470:Middle Chinese 466: 465: 463:Middle Chinese 459: 458: 457:Transcriptions 450: 449: 442: 436: 435: 429: 428: 425: 424: 417: 415:Middle Chinese 411: 410: 408:Middle Chinese 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418: 416: 412: 409: 405: 397: 395: 391: 388: 384: 379: 375: 367: 365: 361: 356: 344: 342: 338: 335: 331: 323: 321: 317: 314: 310: 305: 301: 293: 291: 287: 283: 282:courtesy name 279: 275: 270: 263: 260: 256: 253: 250: 248: 244: 236: 230: 225: 222: 218: 212: 207: 200: 196: 191: 185: 178: 174: 169: 165: 162: 158: 151: 146: 141: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 99: 94: 91: 87: 84: 81: 77: 74: 71: 67: 63: 59: 56: 51: 48: 47: 41: 34: 29: 28: 23: 19: 2325:N. Dynasties 2321:S. Dynasties 2217:Murong Zhong 2197:Murong Chong 2123:Tuoba Yihuai 2110:Tuoba Yihuai 2056:Yang Nandang 2051:Yang Baozong 1951:Northern Yan 1936:Helian Chang 1869:Southern Yan 1840:Juqu Mengxun 1741:Qifu Qiangui 1678:Murong Sheng 1662:Murong Xiang 1571:Murong Huang 1496:Zhang Tianxi 1490: 1445:Former Liang 1282:Zhang Tianxi 1269: 1262: 1256: 1242: 1237: 1234:Zhang Tianxi 1232: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1218: 1214: 1209: 1205: 1199: 1193:Former Liang 1190: 1166: 1159: 1152: 1132: 1126: 1102: 1089: 1048:in 362–363. 1045: 1037: 1029: 1023: 1017: 1000: 995: 987: 965: 956:Zhang Tianxi 946: 918: 910: 894: 879: 857: 848:Zhang Tianxi 813: 800: 789:Former Liang 780: 768: 767:), formally 758: 751: 750: 708:Hanyu Pinyin 624:Hanyu Pinyin 539:Hanyu Pinyin 394:Hanyu Pinyin 320:Hanyu Pinyin 252:Former Liang 235:Former Liang 205: 199:Qiang people 189: 183: 177:Qiang people 167: 107:Zhang Tianxi 83:Zhang Tianxi 55:Former Liang 46:Former Liang 43: 25: 18:Chinese name 2317:16 Kingdoms 2222:Murong Yong 2192:Murong Hong 2183:Western Yan 2126:(2nd reign) 2118:(2nd reign) 2085:Tuoba Pugen 2061:Yang Baochi 1989:Yang Maosou 1941:Helian Ding 1931:Helian Bobo 1883:Murong Chao 1858:Juqu Anzhou 1845:Juqu Mujian 1811:Tufa Lilugu 1761:Later Liang 1746:Qifu Chipan 1736:Qifu Guoren 1727:Western Qin 1651:Murong Chui 1040:in 361 and 651:/kˠiæŋ dɑu/ 229:Eastern Jin 161:Regnal name 69:Predecessor 22:family name 2412:363 deaths 2407:350 births 2386:Categories 2309:3 Kingdoms 2212:Murong Yao 2115:Tuoba Hena 2105:Tuoba Hena 2100:Tuoba Heru 2095:Tuoba Yulü 2080:Tuoba Yilu 2041:Yang Sheng 1994:Yang Nandi 1851:Juqu Wuhui 1816:Tufa Rutan 1688:Murong Yun 1667:Murong Lin 1656:Murong Bao 1591:Former Qin 1581:Murong Wei 1576:Murong Jun 1562:Former Yan 1506:Later Zhao 1226:Zhang Yong 1219:Song Cheng 1202:Zhang Guan 1191:Prince of 1118:References 1042:Emperor Ai 1034:Emperor Mu 992:Emperor Ai 914:Former Qin 897:Zhang Guan 854:Early life 816:Zhang Guan 347:/ŋʉɐn ʔɑn/ 93:Zhang Guan 44:Prince of 2278:Qiao Zong 2262:Huan Xuan 2246:Zhai Zhao 2241:Zhai Liao 2234:(388–392) 2207:Murong Yi 2185:(384–394) 2143:(350–352) 2073:(310–376) 2046:Yang Xuan 2036:Yang Ding 2031:Yang Cuan 2025:Yang Tong 1982:(296–443) 1970:Feng Hong 1953:(407–436) 1924:(407–431) 1895:(400–421) 1878:Murong De 1871:(398–410) 1828:(397–460) 1806:Tufa Wugu 1799:(397–414) 1763:(386–403) 1751:Qifu Mumo 1729:(385–431) 1707:Yao Chang 1700:(384–417) 1698:Later Qin 1683:Murong Xi 1644:(384–409) 1642:Later Yan 1626:Dou Chong 1593:(351–394) 1564:(337–370) 1508:(319–351) 1486:Zhang Zuo 1471:Zhang Jun 1466:Zhang Mao 1461:Zhang Shi 1455:Zhang Gui 1447:(318–376) 1392:(304–329) 1332:(304–347) 1330:Cheng-Han 1238:(361–363) 1215:(359–361) 1206:(355–359) 1185:Zhang Zuo 1038:Shengping 996:Shengping 882:Zhang Zuo 864:concubine 793:Zhang Zuo 775:given by 206:Since 361 148:Era dates 109:(361–363) 100:(359–361) 95:(355–359) 79:Successor 73:Zhang Zuo 53:Ruler of 2232:Zhai Wei 2202:Duan Sui 2173:Duan Kan 2019:Yang Shi 2014:Yang Jun 2009:Yang Guo 2004:Yang Chu 1770:Lü Guang 1717:Yao Hong 1712:Yao Xing 1632:Fu Chong 1605:Fu Sheng 1551:Liu Xian 1540:Shi Jian 1520:Shi Hong 1422:Jin Zhun 1411:Liu Cong 1399:Liu Yuan 1390:Han-Zhao 1353:Li Xiong 1276:355–363 1270:Duke of 1243:Extinct 1211:Song Hun 1073:Lady Guo 1030:Jianxing 1012:Era name 988:Jianxing 985:era name 901:Song Hun 867:Lady Guo 826:Song Hun 771:(西平敬悼公, 98:Song Hun 16:In this 2156:Ran Zhi 2150:Ran Min 2141:Ran Wei 1999:Yang Yi 1980:Chouchi 1965:Feng Ba 1960:Gao Yun 1835:Duan Ye 1787:Lü Long 1782:Lü Zuan 1776:Lü Shao 1672:Lan Han 1620:Fu Deng 1610:Fu Jiān 1600:Fu Jiàn 1545:Shi Zhi 1535:Shi Zun 1530:Shi Shi 1428:Liu Yao 1416:Liu Can 1379:Fan Ben 1368:Li Shou 1197:355–363 1071:Likely 1068:Mother 1057:Father 805:Chinese 785:Chinese 759:Yuan'an 670:Chinese 630:Jìngdaò 586:Chinese 580:: (Jin) 440:Chinese 364:Chinese 290:Chinese 284:Yuan'an 247:Dynasty 211:Longyou 190:359–361 184:355–359 64:355–363 2349:W. Xia 1912:Li Xun 1907:Li Xin 1902:Li Gao 1525:Shi Hu 1515:Shi Le 1434:Liu Xi 1405:Liu He 1373:Li Shi 1358:Li Ban 1347:Li Liu 1272:Xiping 1257:Vacant 1165:  1046:Longhe 1018:Taishi 809:(前)涼沖王 807:: 787:state 735:/ɖɨuŋ/ 515:(前)凉冲王 501:(前)涼沖王 326:Yuánān 258:Father 89:Regent 20:, the 2293:Shang 1615:Fu Pi 1363:Li Qi 1340:Li Te 1229:(361) 1222:(361) 1200:with 1167:Died: 1160:Born: 1081:Notes 931:Gansu 927:Wuwei 779:) or 714:Chōng 370:西平敬悼公 138:Names 61:Reign 27:Zhang 2365:Qing 2361:Ming 2357:Yuan 2345:Song 2341:Liao 2333:Tang 2297:Zhou 899:and 446:西平文公 126:Died 118:Born 2373:PRC 2369:ROC 2353:Jīn 2329:Sui 2313:Jìn 2305:Han 2301:Qin 2289:Xia 2071:Dai 1922:Xia 1169:363 1162:350 1044:'s 1036:'s 994:'s 983:'s 976:趙白駒 824:), 168:355 121:350 38:張玄靚 24:is 2388:: 2371:/ 2367:→ 2363:→ 2359:→ 2355:→ 2351:/ 2347:/ 2343:/ 2339:→ 2335:→ 2331:→ 2327:→ 2323:/ 2319:→ 2315:/ 2311:→ 2307:→ 2303:→ 2299:→ 2295:→ 2291:→ 1028:, 1005:張欽 970:劉肅 951:張邕 936:張琚 929:, 922:宋澄 877:. 843:張邕 837:宋澄 831:宋混 821:張瓘 811:) 764:元安 592:敬悼 296:元安 2158:) 2154:( 2027:) 2023:( 1860:) 1856:( 1853:) 1849:( 1778:) 1774:( 1674:) 1660:( 1628:) 1624:( 1553:) 1549:( 1457:) 1453:( 1436:) 1432:( 1424:) 1420:( 1407:) 1403:( 1381:) 1377:( 1349:) 1345:( 1342:) 1338:( 1313:e 1306:t 1299:v 1110:. 1097:. 1002:( 967:( 828:( 818:( 803:( 761:( 676:沖 237:) 231:) 30:.

Index

Chinese name
family name
Zhang
Former Liang
Former Liang
Zhang Zuo
Zhang Tianxi
Zhang Guan
Song Hun
Zhang Tianxi
Regnal name
Liang Province
Qiang people
Liang Province
Qiang people
Longyou
Posthumous name
Eastern Jin
Former Liang
Dynasty
Former Liang
Zhang Chonghua
courtesy name
Chinese
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese
Chinese
Standard Mandarin

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