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motor. When an
Emergency Stop is activated all power is cut to the motor and the emergency brake or bull-wheel brake is activated. In the case of a rollback, some lifts utilize a ratchet like system to prevent the bull-wheel from spinning backwards while newer installations utilize sensors which activate one or more bull-wheel brakes. All braking systems are fail-safe in that a loss of power or hydraulic pressure will activate the brake. Older chairlifts, for example 1960s-era
588:, these may help hold passengers in the chair in the same way as a safety bar in an amusement park ride. If equipped, each chair has a retractable bar, sometimes with attached foot rests. In most configurations, a passenger may reach up and behind their head, grab the bar or a handle, and pull the restraint forward and down. Once the bar has swung sufficiently, gravity assists positioning the bar to its down limit. Before disembarking, the bar must be swung up, out of the way.
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seating angle) between the seat and passenger. The restraining bar is useful for children—who do not fit comfortably into adult sized chairs—as well as apprehensive passengers, and for those who are disinclined or unable to sit still. In addition, restraining bars with footrests reduce muscle fatigue from supporting the weight of a snowboard or skis, especially during long lift rides. The restraining bar is also useful in very strong wind and when the chair is coated by ice.
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426:. Chairlifts are usually electrically powered, often with Diesel or gasoline engine backup, and sometimes a hand crank tertiary backup. Drive terminals can be located either at the top or the bottom of an installation; though the top-drive configuration is more efficient, practicalities of electric service might dictate bottom-drive.
282:. A one-person lift is a "single", a two-person lift is a "double", a three-person lift a "triple", four-person lifts are "quads", and a six-person lift is a "six pack". If the lift is a detachable chairlift, it is typically referred to as a "high-speed" or "express" lift, which results in an "express quad" or "high-speed six pack".
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Passenger loading and unloading is supervised by lift operators. Their primary purpose is to ensure passenger safety by checking that passengers are suitably outfitted for the elements and not wearing or transporting items which could entangle chairs, towers, trees, etc. If a misload or missed unload
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which takes the passengers from the entrance gate to the boarding area. This ensures the correct, safe and quick boarding of all passengers. For fixed grip lifts, a walkway can be designed so that it moves at a slightly slower speed than the chairs: passengers stand on the moving walkway while their
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Frequent visual inspection of the rope is required in most jurisdictions, as well as periodic non-destructive testing. Electromagnetic induction testing detects and quantifies hidden adverse conditions within the strands such as a broken wire, pitting caused by corrosion or wear, variations in cross
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Aerial ropeways always have several backup systems in the event of failure of the prime mover. An additional electric motor, diesel or gasoline engine—even a hand crank—allows movement of the rope to eventually unload passengers. In the event of a failure which prevents rope movement, ski patrol may
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lift. The destructive testing attempted to mimic potential real-life operating scenarios, including tests for braking, rollback, oily rope, tree on line, fire, and tower pull. The data gleaned from this destructive safety testing helped improve the safety and construction of both existing as well as
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In most localities, the prime mover is required to have a backup drive; this is usually provided by a Diesel engine that can operate during power outages. The purpose of the backup is to permit clearing the rope to ensure the safety of passengers; it usually is much less powerful and is not used for
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in each terminal redirects the rope, while sheaves (pulley assemblies) on the towers support the rope well above the ground. The number of towers is engineered based on the length and strength of the rope, worst case environmental conditions, and the type of terrain traversed. The bullwheel with the
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buildup, all components of the system are electrically bonded together and connected to one or many grounding systems connecting the lift system to earth ground. In areas subject to frequent electrical strikes, a protective aerial line is fixed above the aerial ropeway. A red sheave may indicate it
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The physics of a passenger sitting properly in a chairlift do not require use of a restraining bar. If the chairlift stops suddenly (as from use of the system emergency brake), the carrier's arm connecting to the grip pivots smoothly forward—driven by the chair's inertia—and maintains friction (and
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The drive terminal is also the location of a lift's primary braking system. The service brake is located on the drive shaft beside the main drive, before the gearbox. The emergency brake acts directly on the bullwheel. While not technically a brake, an anti-rollback device (usually a cam) also acts
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each carrier's grip opens and closes during regular operation allowing detachment from the rope and travel slowly for load and unload. Detachable grips allow a greater rope speed to be used, usually twice that of a fixed grip chair, while simultaneously having slower loading and unloading sections.
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during the summer of 1936. Prior to working for Union
Pacific, Curran worked for Paxton and Vierling Steel, also in Omaha, which engineered banana conveyor systems to load cargo ships in the tropics. (PVS manufactured these chairs in their Omaha, NE facility.) Curran re-engineered the banana hooks
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Depending on carrier size and loading efficiency, a passenger ropeway can move up to 4,000 people per hour, and the fastest lifts achieve operating speeds of up to 12 m/s (39.4 ft/s) or 43.2 km/h (26.8 mph). The two-person double chair, which for many years was the workhorse of
914:, the primary ski mountain of Sun Valley resort since 1939. One of the chairlifts still remains on Ruud Mountain, named for Thomas Ruud a famous Norwegian ski racer. The chairlift has been preserved with its ski jump and original single chairs as it was during WWII. The chairlift was developed by
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As mentioned above, there are multiple redundant braking systems. When a Normal Stop is activated from the control panel, the lift will be slowed and stopped using regenerative braking through the electric motor and the service brake located on the highspeed shaft between the gearbox and electric
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The rope must be tensioned to compensate for sag caused by wind load and passenger weight, variations in rope length due to temperature and to maintain friction between the rope and the drive bullwheel. Tension is provided either by a counterweight system or by hydraulic or pneumatic rams, which
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In most jurisdictions, chairlifts must be load inspected and tested periodically. The typical test consists of loading the uphill chairs with bags of water (secured in boxes) weighing more than the worst case passenger loading scenario. The system's ability to start, stop, and forestall reverse
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The lift operators at the terminals of a chairlift communicate with each other to verify that all terminals are safe and ready when restarting the system. Communication is also used to warn of an arriving carrier with a passenger missing a ski, or otherwise unable to efficiently unload, such as
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monitors sensors and controls system parameters. Expected variances are compensated for; out-of-limit and dangerous conditions cause system shutdown. In the unusual instance of system shutdown, inspection by technicians, repair or evacuation might be needed. Both fixed and detachable lifts have
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to have built the first operational system in 1644. The technology, which was further developed by the people living in the Alpine regions of Europe, progressed rapidly and expanded due to the advent of wire rope and electric drive. World War I motivated extensive use of military tramways for
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motors and AC drives are becoming economically competitive for certain smaller chairlift installations. DC drives are less expensive than AC variable-frequency drives and were used almost exclusively until the 21st century when costs of AC variable-frequency drive technology dropped. DC motors
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If passengers fail to unload, their legs will contact a lightweight bar, line, or pass through a light beam which stops the lift. The lift operator will then help them disembark, reset the safety gate, and initiate the lift restart procedure. While possibly annoying to other passengers on the
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These are small hooks sometimes installed next to sheaves to catch the rope and prevent it from falling if it should come out of the track. They are designed to allow passage of chair grips while the lift is stopping and for evacuation. It is extremely rare for the rope to leave the sheaves.
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at most major ski areas. However the relative simplicity of the fixed-grip design results in lower installation, maintenance and, often, operation costs. For these reasons, they are likely to remain at low volume and community hills, and for short distances, such as beginner terrain.
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chairlift, it is preferable to strike the safety gate—that is, it should not be avoided—and stop the lift than be an unexpected downhill passenger. Many lifts are limited in their download capacity; others can transport passengers at 100 percent capacity in either direction.
339:), the rope speed, the carrier spacing, the vertical displacement, and the number of carriers on the rope (a function of the rope length). Human passengers can load only so quickly until loading efficiency decreases; usually an interval of at least five seconds is needed.
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lifts, have a hydraulic release emergency brake with pressure maintained by a hydraulic solenoid. If the emergency brake/stop button is depressed by any control panel, the lift cannot be restarted until the hydraulic brake is hand-pumped to proper operating pressure.
943:. His basic design is still used for chairlifts today. The patent for the original ski lift was issued to Mr. Curran along with Gordon H. Bannerman and Glen H. Trout (Chief Engineer of the Union Pacific RR) in March 1939. The patent was titled "Aerial Ski Tramway,'
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that is either clamped onto or woven into the cable. Clamping systems use either a bolt system or coiled spring or magnets to provide clamping force. For maintenance or servicing, the carriers may be removed from or relocated along the rope by loosening the grip.
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produce more starting torque than AC motors, so applications of AC motors on chairlifts is largely limited to smaller chairlift installations, otherwise the AC motor would need to be significantly oversized relative to the equivalent horsepower DC motor.
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Aerial passenger ropeways were known in Asia well before the 17th century for crossing chasms in mountainous regions. Men would traverse a woven fiber line hand over hand. Evolutionary refinement added a harness or basket to also transport cargo.
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chairlift in
Australia causing four chairs to crash into one another. No one was injured, though 13 passengers were stranded for four hours. The operator blamed mandated changes in the height of some towers to improve clearance over a road.
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to detect several hazardous situations. Brittle bars alongside the sheaves detect the rope coming out of the track. They may also be placed to detect counterweight or hydraulic ram movement beyond safe parameters (sometimes called a
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occurs—or is imminent—they slow or stop the lift to prevent carriers from colliding with or dragging any person. Also, if the exit area becomes congested, they will slow or stop the chair until safe conditions are established.
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is the defining characteristic of an elevated passenger ropeway. The rope stretches and contracts as the tension exerted upon it increases and decreases, and it bends and flexes as it passes over sheaves and around the
224:("high-speed quad") can transport 2,400 people per hour with an average rope speed of 5 m/s (16.4 ft/s). Some bi- and tri-cable elevated ropeways and reversible tramways achieve much greater operating speeds.
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Some chairlifts are also equipped with an auxiliary drive, to be used to continue regular operation in the event of a problem with the prime mover. Some lifts even have a hydrostatic coupling so the driveshaft of a
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involves unwinding long sections of either end of the rope, and then winding each strand from opposing ends around the core. Sections of rope must be removed, as the strands overlap during the splicing process.
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Detachable chairlift control systems measure carrier grip tension during each detach and attach cycle, verify proper carrier spacing and verify correct movement of the detached carriers through the terminals.
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or fiberglass. In most designs, passenger legs are unprotected; however in rain or strong wind this is considerably more comfortable than no canopy. Among more notable bubble lifts are the
Ramcharger 8 at
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Restraining bars (often with foot rests) on chairlifts are more common in Europe and also naturally used by passengers of all ages. Some chairlifts have restraining bars that open and close automatically.
356:. The fibre core contains a lubricant which protects the rope from corrosion and also allows for smooth flexing operation. The rope must be regularly lubricated to ensure safe operation and long life.
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sensors to monitor rope speed and hold it within established limits for each defined system operating speed. Also, the minimum and maximum rope tension, and speed feedback redundancy are monitored.
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in this usage) and to detect detached carriers leaving the terminal's track. If a brittle bar breaks, it interrupts a circuit which causes the system controller to immediately stop the system.
311:. Because fixed grip lifts move faster than detachables at load and unload, misloads (and missed unloads) are more frequent on fixed grips, and can reduce the efficiency as low as 80%.
511:. The gearbox transforms high RPM/low torque rotation into a low RPM/high torque drive at the bullwheel. More power is able to pull heavier loads or sustain a higher rope speed (the
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Many—if not most—installations have numerous safety sensors which detect rare but potentially hazardous situations, such as the rope coming out of an individual sheave.
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Some lifts also have individual canopies which can be lowered to protect against inclement weather. The canopy, or bubble, is usually constructed of transparent
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963:, Quebec opens in February 1938 with the first Canadian chairlift, built by Joseph Ryan. The ski lift had 4,200 feet of cable and took 250 skiers per hour.
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363:. Several strands are wound around a textile core, their twist oriented in the same or opposite direction as the individual wires; this is referred to as
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707:. Wiring connected to the brittle bar is visible immediately to the right of the closest sheave. An anti-derailment plate is visible at top.
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conduct emergency evacuation using a simple rope harness looped over the aerial ropeway to lower passengers to the ground one by one.
620:, North America's first high speed eight pack; and the longest bubble lift in the world is the American Flyer high speed six pack at
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as a penalty. Vermont and
Massachusetts state law also require the use of safety bars, as well as most Ontario and Quebec in Canada.
1975:
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491:) for the smallest of lifts, to more than 750 kW (1000 hp) for a long, swift, detachable eight-seat up a steep slope.
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the ski industry, can move roughly 1,200 people per hour at rope speeds of up to 2.5 m/s (8.2 ft/s). The four person
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Detachable chairlifts are most often installed by large resorts. Small community hills almost always install fixed-grip lifts.
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operation are carefully evaluated against the system's design parameters. Load testing a new lift is shown in a short video.
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at the start of the 20th century: Grass Valley (California) in 1896; Aspen (Colorado) in 1890; and
British Columbia in 1874.
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Aerial lifts have a variety of mechanisms to ensure safe operation over a lifetime often measured in decades. In June 1990,
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adjust the position of the bullwheel carriage to maintain design tension. For most chairlifts, the tension is measured in
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chairlift's upper terminal with the return bullwheel. This type of terminal is usually used for non-detachable chairlifts.
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normal operation. The secondary drive connects with the drive shaft before the gear box, usually with a chain coupling.
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910:. The first chairlift, since removed, was installed on Proctor Mountain, two miles (3 km) east of the more famous
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New chairlifts built since the 1990s are infrequently fixed-grip. Existing fixed-grip lifts are being replaced with
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A safety gate at the top terminal detects passengers failing to unload. An open restraining bar is also visible.
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chair approaches, hence easing the boarding process since the relative speed of the chairlift will be slower.
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two-chair, center-pole fixed grip lift, as it was slated for removal and replacement with a high-speed quad
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Carriers are designed to seat 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8 passengers. Each is connected to the cable with a steel
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1575:"Handbook of Oceanographic Winch, Wire, and Cable Technology, chapter 1: 3X19 Oceanographic Wire Rope"
75:
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974:), from Ráztoka, at 620 m (2,034 ft), to Pustevny, at 1,020 m (3,346 ft), in the
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on the bullwheel. This prevents the potentially disastrous situation of runaway reverse operation.
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Rope is constructed in a linear fashion, and must be spliced together before carriers are affixed.
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Some ski areas mandate the use of safety bars on dangerous or windy lifts, with forfeiture of the
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loop strung between two end terminals and usually over intermediate towers, carrying a series of
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Every lift involves at least two terminals and may also have intermediate supporting towers. A
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the ratio of fully loaded carriers during peak operation, usually expressed as a percentage of
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who designed a bicable passenger ropeway in 1616. The industry generally considers
Dutchman
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An online community dedicated to documenting all types of Ski Lifts, founded by Bill Wolfe.
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1580:. University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System. pp. 1–29–1–36. Archived from
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Greater top-drive efficiency assumes the chairlift predominantly moves passengers uphill.
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759:. These uses are the chief purpose for a visible identification number on each carrier.
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Various techniques are used for constructing the rope. Dozens of wires are wound into a
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used a mining tram to ski in the 1920s. There were other non-ski "chairlifts" in
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Especially at
American ski areas, chairlifts are referred to with a ski industry
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A chairlift consists of numerous components to provide safe efficient transport.
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Chairlift evacuation training using climbing equipment, KlĂnovec, Czech
Republic
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the speed in meters per second or feet per minute/second at which the rope moves
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519:, and is given by the product of the driving force and the cable velocity) .
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with chairs and created a machine with greater capacity than the up-ski
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A blog dedicated to taking photos of aerial lifts T-bars, and platters.
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See a disastrous failed rollback test at Winter Park, Colorado in 1990
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sectional area, and tightening or loosening of wire lay or strand lay.
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1465:. Leader Community Newspaper Group. 18 August 2008. Archived from
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212:(in such cases referred to as 'ski lifts'), but are also found at
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1496:. Colorado School of Mines - Arthur Lakes Library. Archived from
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can function as prime movers. The power can range from under 7.5
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the spacing between carriers, measured either by distance or time
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1990:
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1377:"Constructive Deconstruction | SAM - Ski Area Management"
939:, the two most common skier transports at the time—apart from
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A steel line strung alongside a mountain is likely to attract
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36:
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The "first known chairlift" depends on definition: Miners in
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Boarding, riding and maintenance of detachable chairlifts in
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The world's first three ski chairlifts were created for the
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Lifting a rebuilt sheave assembly back into place, S-lift,
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The capacity of a lift is constrained by the motive power (
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electric motors and DC drives are the most common, though
1552:"Cloudchaser | The Story Behind Building A New Lift"
1771:
1765:
881:
The first recorded mechanical ropeway was by
Venetian
1492:
Information Center for Ropeway Studies (2006-03-17).
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each carrier is fastened to a fixed point on the rope
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the number of passengers the lift transports per hour
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966:The first chairlift in Europe was built in 1938 in
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
208:. They are the primary on-hill transport at most
1328:"Eskimo Lift Destruction, Winter Park, Colorado"
732:In May 2006, a cable escaped the sheaves on the
656:performed planned destructive safety testing on
197:, which consists of a continuously circulating
953:, Sun Valley's creator and former governor of
2002:
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8:
1459:"Arthurs Seat chairlift owner hit with fine"
632:To maintain safe operation, the chairlift's
1283:. Riblet Tramway Company. December 18, 2000
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2009:
1995:
1987:
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1805:
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2038:Glossary of skiing and snowboarding terms
1689:"TIMELINE OF IMPORTANT SKI HISTORY DATES"
1192:Steamboat (Colorado) Gondola Cable Splice
805:Old double chair lift in Western New York
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
515:of a force is the rate at which it does
1101:
1703:"History of Mont Tremblant ski resort"
1487:
1485:
1483:
1301:Thompson, Caroline (March 15, 2018).
788:strikes. To protect against that and
7:
1716:https://liftblog.com/2024-new-lifts/
1303:"How Do Detachable Chairlifts Work?"
906:in 1936 and 1937, then owned by the
65:adding citations to reliable sources
890:warfare between Italy and Austria.
669:the next generation of chairlifts.
1729:"Lift-World.info list of Funifors"
1554:. Mount Bachelor. January 19, 2017
576:A 6-year old skier in a chairlift.
14:
1024:List of aerial lift manufacturers
216:and various tourist attractions.
157:, a detachable quad chairlift at
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1919:
1646:. Idaho State Historical Society
755:patients being transported in a
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1358:from the original on 2021-12-12
1152:"Tricable and Bicable Gondolas"
52:needs additional citations for
1407:. skilifts.org. Archived from
1352:"Chairlift Destroy Crash Test"
1255:. skilifts.org. Archived from
1214:. skilifts.org. Archived from
935:) and better comfort than the
523:Secondary and auxiliary movers
1:
1430:"Poma Omega Series Chairlift"
503:The driveshaft turns at high
1778:Colorado Chairlift Locations
1278:"Service Bulletin #2000-137"
1138:"Detachable Grip Chairlifts"
1463:Mornington Peninsula Leader
19:For the musical group, see
2738:
2720:Vertical transport devices
922:engineering department in
418:prime mover is called the
407:Copper Mountain (Colorado)
239:fixed triple chairlift at
187:elevated passenger ropeway
25:
18:
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2028:
1956:
1917:
1635:Don Hibbard (July 1977).
976:Moravian-Silesian Beskids
536:can drive the chairlift.
241:Park City Mountain Resort
145:Sierra Nevada Ski Station
1080:List of transport topics
1029:Skiing and Skiing Topics
957:, financed the project.
26:Not to be confused with
1354:. YouTube. 2012-03-06.
1237:Chairlift Rollback Test
1124:"Fixed Grip Chairlifts"
844:The boarding area of a
793:is a grounding sheave.
711:Some installations use
452:Prime mover and gearbox
1637:"Sun Valley Ski Lifts"
1166:"chairlift efficiency"
908:Union Pacific Railroad
874:
865:Early single chair on
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734:Arthurs Seat, Victoria
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680:Riblet Tramway Company
662:Riblet Tramway Company
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2679:Category:Snowboarding
988:detachable chairlifts
946:U.S. patent 2,152,235
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848:can be fitted with a
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2399:Technique / learning
2129:Cross-country skiing
2063:Cross-country skiing
1768:preservation society
1665:"Sun Valley History"
1608:at SkiLifts glossary
1573:W. A. Lucht (2000).
1519:"Glossary entry for
1401:"Glossary entry for
1208:"Glossary entry for
1018:Ski industry related
846:detachable chairlift
385:Terminals and towers
328:detachable chairlift
222:detachable chairlift
61:improve this article
2166:Olympic disciplines
1733:Seilbahntechnik.net
1469:on December 2, 2008
1052:Cable car (railway)
1000:Snowsport transport
951:W. Averell Harriman
462:Praz de Lys-Sommand
422:; the other is the
228:Design and function
16:Type of aerial lift
2497:List of ski brands
2269:Ski mountaineering
2224:Para-alpine skiing
2134:Backcountry skiing
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654:Winter Park Resort
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162:
148:
2687:
2686:
2655:
2654:
2237:
2236:
2202:Other disciplines
2152:
2151:
2033:History of skiing
1984:
1983:
1948:Inclined elevator
1915:
1914:
1619:Kennecott, Alaska
982:Modern chairlifts
941:mountain climbing
904:Sun Valley, Idaho
507:, but with lower
439:Tensioning system
174:
137:
136:
129:
111:
2727:
2677:
2676:
2667:
2666:
2581:
2390:Snowboard racing
2312:Half-pipe skiing
2284:Freestyle skiing
2163:
2108:Ski orienteering
2053:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1988:
1961:Material ropeway
1923:
1887:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1784:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1735:. Archived from
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1644:Idahohistory.net
1641:
1632:
1626:
1623:British Columbia
1615:
1609:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1586:
1579:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1529:. Archived from
1515:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1494:"About Ropeways"
1489:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1436:. Archived from
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1282:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1195:. June 19, 2017.
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1170:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1110:"Aerial Tramway"
1106:
1085:Paternoster lift
1076:Hallidie ropeway
978:mountain range.
948:
894:First chairlifts
424:return bullwheel
175:
159:Sun Peaks Resort
155:Sunburst Express
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:Chairlift (band)
2737:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2710:Amusement rides
2690:
2689:
2688:
2683:
2669:Category:Skiing
2651:
2579:
2518:
2450:
2394:
2385:Snowboard cross
2336:
2278:
2274:Telemark skiing
2233:
2197:
2148:
2117:
2091:
2087:Nordic combined
2042:
2024:
2015:
1985:
1980:
1952:
1924:
1911:
1885:
1816:
1814:Cable transport
1811:
1756:
1751:
1742:
1740:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1673:
1671:
1669:Gonorthwest.com
1663:
1662:
1658:
1649:
1647:
1639:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1616:
1612:
1603:
1599:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1557:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1536:
1534:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1503:
1501:
1491:
1490:
1481:
1472:
1470:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1443:
1441:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1414:
1412:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1385:
1383:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1361:
1359:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1336:
1334:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1262:
1260:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1230:
1221:
1219:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1037:
1020:
1002:
997:
984:
944:
920:Union Pacific's
896:
883:Fausto Veranzio
859:
842:
840:Moving walkways
825:
816:
799:
782:
765:
757:rescue toboggan
752:
743:
726:
689:
675:
650:
630:
622:Copper Mountain
609:
555:
553:Restraining bar
542:
525:
481:electric motors
454:
441:
432:
430:Braking systems
420:drive bullwheel
387:
345:
320:detachable grip
276:
230:
214:amusement parks
193:, is a type of
164:
143:A chairlift in
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2715:Ski lift types
2712:
2707:
2702:
2692:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2671:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2595:
2593:Aerial tramway
2589:
2587:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2529:
2527:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2346:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:Extreme skiing
2205:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2059:
2057:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1991:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1934:
1932:
1930:Cable railways
1926:
1925:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1856:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1830:Aerial tramway
1826:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1755:
1754:External links
1752:
1750:
1749:
1720:
1708:
1694:
1680:
1656:
1627:
1610:
1597:
1565:
1543:
1510:
1479:
1450:
1421:
1403:Drive Terminal
1392:
1368:
1343:
1319:
1293:
1269:
1249:"Glossary for
1240:
1228:
1210:Drive Terminal
1198:
1182:
1157:
1143:
1129:
1115:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1047:Aerial tramway
1044:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1008:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
983:
980:
972:Czech Republic
968:Czechoslovakia
961:Mont Tremblant
955:New York State
895:
892:
867:Ski Lift No. 1
858:
855:
850:moving walkway
841:
838:
824:
821:
815:
812:
798:
795:
781:
778:
764:
761:
751:
748:
742:
739:
725:
722:
688:
685:
674:
671:
649:
648:Safety systems
646:
634:control system
629:
628:Control system
626:
618:Big Sky Resort
608:
605:
580:Also called a
561:Chairlifts at
554:
551:
541:
538:
524:
521:
477:Diesel engines
453:
450:
440:
437:
431:
428:
386:
383:
373:respectively.
344:
341:
333:
332:
321:
318:
315:
312:
305:
302:
299:
296:
293:
290:
287:
275:
272:
258:Chairlifts in
229:
226:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2733:
2732:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2680:
2672:
2670:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2565:Snow grooming
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2533:Dry ski slope
2531:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2441:Ski simulator
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2431:Stem christie
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2416:Parallel turn
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2292:Aerial skiing
2290:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2254:Indoor skiing
2252:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2158:Alpine skiing
2155:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2139:Roller skiing
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2048:Nordic skiing
2045:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2012:
2007:
2005:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1977:
1976:Manufacturers
1974:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1803:
1801:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1766:Chairlift.org
1764:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1739:on 2007-03-18
1738:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1670:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1645:
1638:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1587:on 2007-09-28
1583:
1576:
1569:
1566:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1533:on 2006-07-07
1532:
1528:
1524:
1522:
1514:
1511:
1500:on 2006-09-04
1499:
1495:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1440:on 2007-04-28
1439:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1411:on 2006-07-07
1410:
1406:
1404:
1396:
1393:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1344:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1320:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1259:on 2006-07-07
1258:
1254:
1252:
1251:Retention Bar
1244:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1218:on 2006-07-07
1217:
1213:
1211:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1183:
1175:September 12,
1171:. web.mit.edu
1167:
1161:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1096:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
989:
981:
979:
977:
973:
970:(present-day
969:
964:
962:
958:
956:
952:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
925:
921:
917:
913:
912:Bald Mountain
909:
905:
901:
893:
891:
888:
884:
879:
872:
868:
863:
856:
854:
851:
847:
839:
837:
829:
822:
820:
813:
811:
803:
796:
794:
791:
790:electrostatic
787:
779:
777:
769:
762:
760:
758:
750:Communication
749:
747:
740:
738:
735:
730:
724:Cable catcher
723:
721:
719:
714:
706:
702:
701:cable catcher
698:
695:Example of a
693:
686:
684:
681:
672:
670:
667:
663:
659:
655:
647:
645:
641:
638:
635:
627:
625:
623:
619:
614:
613:acrylic glass
606:
604:
600:
598:
593:
589:
587:
583:
582:retention bar
574:
568:
564:
559:
552:
550:
547:
539:
537:
535:
529:
522:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
501:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
471:
467:
463:
460:Chairlift in
458:
451:
449:
447:
438:
436:
429:
427:
425:
421:
416:
408:
403:
396:
391:
384:
382:
379:
374:
372:
368:
367:
362:
357:
355:
350:
342:
340:
338:
330:
329:
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
291:
288:
285:
284:
283:
281:
273:
271:
265:
261:
256:
250:
246:
242:
238:
237:The Short Cut
234:
227:
225:
223:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
200:
196:
192:
188:
180:
160:
156:
152:
146:
141:
131:
128:
120:
117:December 2020
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
29:
22:
2700:Aerial lifts
2647:Surface lift
2625:Gondola lift
2597:
2446:Skate skiing
2342:Snowboarding
2259:Night skiing
2242:Other skiing
2229:Speed skiing
2214:Glade skiing
2178:Giant slalom
2122:Recreational
2103:Ski marathon
2022:snowboarding
1971:Surface lift
1859:Gondola lift
1841:
1822:Aerial lifts
1772:Liftblog.com
1760:Skilifts.org
1741:. Retrieved
1737:the original
1732:
1723:
1711:
1697:
1683:
1672:. Retrieved
1668:
1659:
1648:. Retrieved
1643:
1630:
1613:
1605:
1600:
1589:. Retrieved
1582:the original
1568:
1556:. Retrieved
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1527:Skilifts.org
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59:Please help
54:verification
51:
2642:Hybrid lift
2406:Carved turn
2355:Backcountry
2264:Ski archery
2113:Ski touring
2075:Ski jumping
2056:Competitive
1881:Hybrid lift
1854:Bucket Lift
1381:Saminfo.com
1042:Aerial lift
1035:Other lifts
823:Safety gate
697:brittle bar
597:lift ticket
371:regular lay
337:prime mover
274:Terminology
195:aerial lift
76:"Chairlift"
2705:Chairlifts
2694:Categories
2603:detachable
2570:Snowmaking
2560:Ski tunnel
2436:Ski school
2426:Snowplough
2421:Pivot turn
2380:Slopestyle
2365:Freeriding
2332:Slopestyle
2322:Ski ballet
2307:Freeskiing
2302:Freeriding
2219:Heliskiing
2080:Ski flying
2068:Paralympic
1938:Cable tram
1890:Components
1847:detachable
1743:2006-11-30
1674:2006-11-21
1650:2006-11-21
1604:entry for
1591:2006-12-06
1558:January 4,
1537:2006-12-05
1504:2006-11-30
1473:2008-08-18
1444:2006-12-21
1415:2006-11-30
1386:2016-01-02
1362:2016-01-02
1337:2016-01-02
1287:2006-11-28
1263:2006-11-30
1222:2006-11-30
1097:References
1006:Heliskiing
900:ski resort
763:Evacuation
586:safety bar
546:cable grip
354:bullwheels
314:fixed grip
304:efficiency
286:rope speed
280:vernacular
179:Vorarlberg
87:newspapers
28:lift chair
2610:Funicular
2598:Chairlift
2585:Ski lifts
2543:Superpipe
2538:Half-pipe
2526:amenities
2504:Snowboard
2455:Equipment
2411:Jump turn
2375:Half-pipe
2370:Freestyle
2327:Ski cross
2144:Skijoring
2096:Endurance
1943:Funicular
1897:Bullwheel
1842:Chairlift
1521:Load Test
1307:USA TODAY
933:cable car
887:Adam Wybe
786:lightning
780:Grounding
741:Collision
703:beside a
699:within a
660:, a 1963
415:bullwheel
245:Park City
210:ski areas
202:wire rope
191:chairlift
181:, Austria
32:stairlift
2635:tricable
2555:Ski area
2462:Bindings
2249:Biathlon
2193:Combined
2188:Downhill
1869:tricable
1606:Download
1356:Archived
1090:Ski lift
1057:Elevator
995:See also
929:toboggan
567:Pakistan
563:Patriata
378:Splicing
366:Lang lay
309:capacity
298:capacity
292:interval
264:Pakistan
2630:bicable
2620:Funitel
2615:Funifor
2477:Monoski
2360:Big air
2297:Big air
2183:Super-G
1965:Blondin
1874:Funitel
1864:bicable
1835:Funifor
1067:Funitel
1062:Funifor
1013:tramway
857:History
673:Braking
534:snowcat
475:Either
395:Italian
101:scholar
2524:Resort
2472:Helmet
2350:Alpine
2173:Slalom
2018:Skiing
1011:Riblet
658:Eskimo
607:Canopy
509:torque
470:France
361:strand
260:Murree
206:chairs
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2575:Trail
2550:Piste
2487:Skins
2482:Poles
2467:Boots
2317:Mogul
1907:Pylon
1640:(PDF)
1585:(PDF)
1578:(PDF)
1281:(PDF)
1169:(PDF)
937:J-bar
924:Omaha
871:Aspen
513:power
199:steel
189:, or
108:JSTOR
94:books
2509:Suit
2492:Skis
2020:and
1902:Grip
1560:2019
1434:Poma
1314:2021
1177:2017
666:Poma
517:work
487:(10
446:tons
369:and
349:rope
347:The
343:Rope
326:See
249:Utah
80:news
2514:Wax
918:of
902:in
584:or
505:RPM
479:or
393:An
243:in
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