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have labeled this dominant view the continuous care and contact model (CCC...). The CCC model developed from the writings of Spitz..., Bowlby..., and
Provence and Lipton... on institutionalized children and is represented in the psychological views of Bowlby.... Common to the different conceptual frameworks is the belief that parenting practices and the infant's capacity for social engagement are biologically based and conform to a prototypical form. Supporters of the CCC model generally recognize that the infant and caregiver are able to adjust to a range of conditions, but they consider the adjustments observed to reflect biological variation. However, more extreme views (e.g., maternal bonding) consider certain variants as non adaptive and as compromising the child's psychological development. Bowlby's concept of monotropism is an exemplar of the CCC perspective...
1392:, spend a large proportion of their wealthy budget on the health care system. As, a result, their health care systems are very sophisticated, with many physicians, nurses, and other health care experts servicing the population. Thus, infant mortality is low. On the other hand, a country such as Mexico, which spends disproportionately less of its budget on healthcare, suffers from high mortality rates. This is because the general population is likely to be less healthy. In the U.S., infant mortality rates are especially high in minority groups. For instance, non-Hispanic black women have an infant mortality rate of 13.63 per 1,000 live births whereas in non-Hispanic white women it was much lower at a rate of 5.76 per 1,000 live births. The average infant mortality rate in the U.S. is 6.8 per 1,000 live births.
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commenting when the baby looks at the ball and babbles). Responding to sounds produced when the baby looks at an object (object-directed vocalizations) thus provide an opportunity to learn the name of the object. In this way, babies also learn that sounds are associated with objects. However, language development is only achieved if parents react positively (e.g. smile) in response to the infant's babbling. A high response rate without a connection to the infant's utterances does not lead to language promotion. It is detrimental to language development if a mother instead tries to divert the infant's attention to something else.
1040:, a timely response by parents to babbling leads to faster language acquisition. This was confirmed by researchers who first studied mothers' behavior towards 8-month-old infants and later tested the infants' vocabulary when they were 15 months old. A first important development of infants is the discovery that they can influence their parents through babbling (development of intentional communication). Parents can encourage this by engaging with their infants in babbling. This in turn promotes further language development, as infants then turn to their parents more often.
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1001:) and negative touch (poking, pinching, or tickling). The infants who received the positive touch cried less often and vocalized and smiled more than the infants who were touched negatively. Infants who were the recipients of negative touch have also been linked with emotional and behavioral problems later in life. A lower amount of physical violence in adults has been discovered in cultures with greater levels of positive physical touching.
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906:. The transition from diapers to training pants is an important transition in the development of an infant/baby to that of a toddler. Children need more sleep than adults—up to 18 hours for newborn babies, with a declining rate as the child ages. Until babies learn to walk, they are carried in the arms, held in slings or baby carriers, or transported in baby carriages or strollers. Most industrialized countries have laws requiring
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2887:... is mainly through prespeech forms of crying, babbling, gesturing, and emotional expressions. In babyhood, understanding comes from a combination of sensory exploration, motor manipulation, and, toward the end of babyhood, from questions to answers. Babyhood is regarded as a critical period in personality development because it is the time when the foundations of adult personality are laid.
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plays a particular role in the relationship with the infant and for favorable emotional development. This means being attentive to the infant's behavioral expressions, not misinterpreting the infant's expressions because of one's own moods, reacting immediately to the situation and finding a response
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is promoted through empathetic and adequate as well as prompt responses. In accordance with their basic needs, infants show an inborn behavior of seeking closeness to the mother – or to another primary caregiver – and thus in turn foster an attachment. When separated from the mother, infants protest
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Until recently, scientific accounts ... of the infant's early social experiences converged on the view that the infant progresses from a primary relationship with one individual... to relationships with a growing number of people... This is an epigenetic, hierarchical view of social development. We
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in situations of alarm or distress for the purpose of survival. The forming of attachments is considered to be the foundation of the infant/child's capacity to form and conduct relationships throughout life. Attachment is not the same as love or affection although they often go together. Attachment
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Previous studies have shown that the infant's speech is encouraged when parents, for example, smile in the infant's direction or touch the infant every time the infant looks at them and babbles. It also helps if parents respond to what they think their baby is saying (for example, giving a ball or
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However, Hurlock (1982) cites that infancy, compared to babyhood, is characterized by extreme helplessness. The word baby may likewise suggest a helpless individual; hence, the word toddler has been increasingly used to denote a baby that has achieved enough control of his body to permit relative
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with the infant, and who remain as consistent caregivers for some time. Parental responses lead to the development of patterns of attachment, which in turn lead to 'internal working models' which will guide the individual's feelings, thoughts, and expectations in later relationships. There are a
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Infants respond to the sound of snake hissing, angry voices of adults, the crackling sound of a fire, thunder, and the cries of other infants. They have a drop in heart rate, their eyes blinking, increased turning toward the speakers or parent, all of these indicating that they were paying more
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can be used at one year, but lower-fat milk is not recommended until the child is two to three years old. Weaning is the process through which breast milk is eliminated from the infant's diet through the introduction of solid foods in exchange for milk. Until they are toilet-trained, infants in
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infants, may have very fine hair or may even be bald. Amongst fair-skinned parents, this fine hair may be blonde, even if the parents are not. An infant's hair color and texture can change: red can give way to blond, curly can go straight, and thick, dark hair could reappear a lot sparser and
627:. The two largest are the diamond-shaped anterior fontanel, located at the top front portion of the head, and the smaller triangular-shaped posterior fontanel, which lies at the back of the head. Later in the child's life, these bones will fuse together in a natural process. A protein called
1025:). Exaggeratedly reproduced facial expressions and gestures are recommended, as they are clearer forms of expression. The baby's babbling should also be picked up and repeated. By imitating each other's sounds the first simple dialogues are initiated. Accentuated pronunciation and melodic
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Immediately after birth, a newborn's skin is often grayish to dusky blue in color. As soon as the newborn begins to breathe, usually within a minute or two, the skin's color reaches its normal tone. Newborns are wet, covered in streaks of blood, and coated with a white substance known as
1117:(so the infants were stressed), while those picked up and carried by the mother while walking around calmed down significantly. The effect of being held motionless in the arm was intermediate between that of being carried around and that of being put down. That carrying (e.g., in a
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Infants develop distinct relationships to their mothers, fathers, siblings, and non-familial caregivers. Beside the dyadic attachment relationships also a good quality of the triadic relationships (mother – father – infant) is important for infant mental health development.
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of a newborn is bluish-white in color. After birth, the umbilical cord is normally cut, leaving a 1–2 inch stub. The umbilical stub will dry out, shrivel, darken, and spontaneously fall off within about 3 weeks. This will later become a belly-button after it heals.
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namely 'secure', 'anxious-ambivalent', 'anxious-avoidant', (all 'organized') and 'disorganized', some of which are more problematic than others. A lack of attachment or a seriously disrupted capacity for attachment could potentially amount to serious disorders.
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Caregivers of an infant are advised to pick up on the infant's facial expressions and mirror them. Reproducing and empathizing with their facial expressions enables infants to experience effectiveness and to recognize their own actions more easily (see
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Over the first 5–7 days following birth, the body weight of a term neonate decreases by 3–7%, and is largely a result of the resorption and urination of the fluid that initially fills the lungs, in addition to a delay of often a few days before
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A 2018 review analysed 146 studies on infant sleep behavior and listed several factors that show an effect on sleep duration and the number of night awakenings. However, research has indicated that frequent wakings are protective of SIDS.
811:. The breasts may also be enlarged, even in male infants. This is caused by naturally occurring maternal hormones and is a temporary condition. Females (and even males) may actually discharge milk from their nipples (sometimes called
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of life. From birth to six months, infants should consume only breast milk or an unmodified milk substitute. As an infant's diet matures, finger foods may be introduced as well as fruit, vegetables and small amounts of meat.
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Infants born prior to 37 weeks of gestation are called "premature", those born between 39 and 40 weeks are "full term", those born through 41 weeks are "late term", and anything beyond 42 weeks is considered "post term".
666:. It may be particularly noticeable on the back, shoulders, forehead, ears and face of premature infants. Lanugo disappears within a few weeks. Infants may be born with full heads of hair; others, particularly
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von
Klitzing K, Bürgin D (January 2005). "Parental capacities for triadic relationships during pregnancy: Early predictors of children's behavioral and representational functioning at preschool age".
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as a form of basic instinctive communication. A crying infant may be trying to express a variety of feelings including hunger, discomfort, overstimulation, boredom, wanting something, or loneliness.
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is typically applied to very young children under one year of age; however, definitions may vary and may include children up to two years of age. When a human child learns to walk, they are called a
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Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni O, DonCarlos L, Hazen N, Herman J, Adams
Hillard PJ, Katz ES, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Neubauer DN, O'Donnell AE, Ohayon M, Peever J (December 2015).
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Smith J, Levickis P, Eadie T, Bretherton L, Conway L, Goldfeld S (January 2019). "Associations between early maternal behaviours and child language at 36 months in a cohort experiencing adversity".
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Infant mortality is the death of an infant in the first year of life, often expressed as the number of deaths per 1,000 live births (infant mortality rate). Major causes of infant mortality include
623:. Normal head circumference for a full-term infant is 33–36 cm at birth. At birth, many regions of the newborn's skull have not yet been converted to bone, leaving "soft spots" known as
642:, sometimes causing the child to be born with a misshapen or elongated head. It will usually return to normal on its own within a few days or weeks. Special exercises sometimes advised by
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independence, such as' moving about, feeding himself, etc. Characteristics of
Babyhood The most important characteristics of babyhood are listed below: 1. It is the true foundation age ..
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Adequate food consumption at an early age is vital for an infant's development. The foundations of optimum health, growth, and neurodevelopment across the lifespan are established in the
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Hertz E, Hebert JR, Landon J (July 1994). "Social and environmental factors and life expectancy, infant mortality, and maternal mortality rates: results of a cross-national comparison".
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is the recommended method of feeding by all major infant health organizations. If breastfeeding is not possible or desired, bottle feeding is done with expressed breast-milk or with
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allows infants to travel when they are less than 7 days old when they present a physician travel approval letter. Skywest will not allow an infant less than 8 days old on board.
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The umbilical cord contains three vessels: two arteries and one vein. The two arteries carry blood from the baby to the placenta while one vein carries blood back to the baby.
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Esposito G, Yoshida S, Ohnishi R, Tsuneoka Y, Rostagno Mdel C, Yokota S, Okabe S, Kamiya K, Hoshino M, Shimizu M, Venuti P, Kikusui T, Kato T, Kuroda KO (May 2013).
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Erlich N, Lipp OV, Slaughter V (2013). "Of hissing snakes and angry voices: human infants are differentially responsive to evolutionary fear-relevant sounds".
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A newborn's shoulders and hips are wide, the abdomen protrudes slightly, and the arms and legs are relatively long with respect to the rest of their body.
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attention. This is believed to be an evolutionary response to danger. Babies' ability to accurately locate sounds is refined during their first year.
1489:"Originalbeiträge. Internationale musiktherapeutische Ansätze für frühgeborene Kinder/ International Music Therapy Approaches with premature Infants"
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Gartner LM, Morton J, Lawrence RA, Naylor AJ, O'Hare D, Schanler RJ, Eidelman AI (February 2005). "Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk".
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The way to measure a baby's length is to lay the baby down and stretch a measuring tape from the top of the head to the bottom of the heel.
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Tronick EZ, Morelli GA, Ivey PK (1992). "The Efe forager infant and toddler's pattern of social relationships: Multiple and simultaneous".
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to supplement breast milk or formula for the child, while others adapt their usual meals for the dietary needs of their child. Whole cow's
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is enormous relative to his or her face. While the adult human skull is about one seventh of the total body length, the newborn's is about
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There is a positive relationship between national wealth and good health. The rich and industrialized countries of the world, prominently
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Gros-Louis J, West MJ, King AP (July 2014), "Maternal
Responsiveness and the Development of Directed Vocalizing in Social Interactions",
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Klitzing K von, Simoni H, Amsler F, Burgin D: The role of the father in early family interactions. Inf Mental Health J 1999; 20: 222–37.
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Warren SM, Brunet LJ, Harland RM, Economides AN, Longaker MT (2003-04-10). "The BMP antagonist noggin regulates cranial suture fusion".
691:, the average total body length of a newborn is 35.6–50.8 cm (14.0–20.0 in), although premature newborns may be much smaller.
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indicator is recognized as a very important measure of the level of health care in a country because it is directly linked with the
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815:), or a bloody or milky-like substance from the vagina. In either case, this is considered normal and will disappear with time.
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The
National Sleep Foundation gives a rough recommendation on sleep hours, that commonly decreases with increasing age.
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is, in colloquial use, an infant who is only hours, days, or up to one month old. In medical contexts, a newborn or
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2752:"The relationship between socioeconomic factors and maternal and infant health programs in 13 Argentine provinces"
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Bretherton, I. and
Munholland, K., A. Internal Working Models in Attachment Relationships: A Construct Revisited.
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status of infants, children, and pregnant women as well as access to medical care, socioeconomic conditions, and
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refuse boarding for all babies aged under 7 days (for domestic flights) or 14 days for international flights.
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make it easier to recognize individual words in a sentence. However, it is not advisable to use simplified "
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1121:) makes infants more content and makes them cry less had already been shown in a randomized study in 1986.
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Klitzing K, Simoni H, Bürgin D (February 1999). "Child development and early triadic relationships".
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2205:"Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Sleep, and the Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Respiratory Network"
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Experiments have been done with infants up to four months of age using both positive touch (stroking or
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Thiessen E, Hill E, Saffran J (January 2005). "Infant-Directed Speech
Facilitates Word Segmentation".
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2137:"Sleep-wake behaviour during the first 12 months of life and associated factors: a systematic review"
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Child
Maltreatment: Theory and Research on the Causes and Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect
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is used to denote a baby that has achieved relative independence, in moving about, and feeding.
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The Calm and Happy Toddler: Gentle Solutions to Tantrums, Night Waking, Potty Training and More
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and are fully dependent on their mothers or an adult caretaker for an extended period of time.
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becomes effective. After the first week, healthy term neonates should gain 10–20 grams/kg/day.
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1936:"Entwicklungspsychologische Grundlagen der frühen Kindheit und frühpädagogische Konsequenzen"
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2324:. Presentation at the AWO Symposium of 8 November 2010, Freiburg im Breisgau. Archived from
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Eight-month-old infant; as a common feature, eyes are usually large in relation to the face.
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or swollen, especially in hairless newborns, and the area around the eyes may be puffy.
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is hired to feed the infant, although this is rare, especially in developed countries.
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Infant sleep is not linear, ebbing and flowing with developmental milestones and age.
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403:, meaning 'baby' or 'child') is a formal or specialised synonym for the common term
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SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future
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720: lb), and is typically in the range of 2.7–4.6 kg (6.0–10.1 lb).
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2352:"Bindungsstörungen Material zur Systemischen Arbeit in Erziehung und Betreuung"
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has a calming effect on infants. A 2013 study showed that infants placed in a
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423:, newborn) is an infant in the first 28 days after birth; the term applies to
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Infant Mortality Rate (Deaths per 1,000 Live Births), Linked Files, 2006–2008
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tend to develop between the age of six months and 3 years. Infants become
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2433:"Increased Carrying Reduces Infant Crying: A Randomized Controlled Trial"
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Ramirez JM, Ramirez SC, Anderson TM (2018), Duncan JR, Byard RW (eds.),
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are enlarged and reddened, with male infants having an unusually large
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that is appropriate to the context and the expressed needs. A secure
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disallows all babies under the age of 14 days to board any flights.
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Handbook of Attachment:Theory, Research and Clinical Applications
1809:"The first 1,000 days of life: The brain's window of opportunity"
1033:" (e.g. "Did you 'ouch'?" instead of, "Did you hurt yourself?").
3190:
1404:
when the foundations of adult personality are laid. In contrast
898:
4634:
3677:
3007:
2084:
International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
1139:
allows babies to board international flights at 7 days of age.
638:
and birth, the infant's skull changes shape to fit through the
998:
490:
47:
2246:"Uninterrupted Infant Sleep, Development, and Maternal Mood"
2319:"Bindung – von der Theorie zur Praxis: worauf kommt es an?"
1426:"Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, īnfāns"
2936:
The World Health Report 2005 – Make Every Mother and Child
631:
is responsible for the delay in an infant's skull fusion.
2954:
Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Newborn: The Complete Guide
1712:
Faust KM, Carouso-Peck S, Elson MR, Goldstein MH (2020).
1128:
is recommended by all major infant health organizations.
893:
can be added. Many parents choose commercial, ready-made
483:, and continues until a person reaches 18 years of age.
2529:
1999 eds Cassidy, J. and Shaver, P., R. Guilford press
1714:"The Origins of Social Knowledge in Altricial Species"
2828:
JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
706:
of a full-term newborn is approximately 3.4 kg (
1669:
Neonatology Considerations for the Pediatric Surgeon
4854:
4762:
4704:
4668:
4612:
4577:
4541:
4495:
4486:
4446:
4241:
4198:
4167:
4160:
4027:
3952:
3921:
3912:
3846:
3803:
3748:
3715:
3588:
3418:
3335:
3199:
3042:
2931:
Durham Infancy and Sleep Centre - Durham University
2951:
1868:
1582:Nursing Care of the Pediatric Neurosurgery Patient
662:Some newborns have a fine, downy body hair called
21:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see
874:with which they seek out the nipple. Sometimes a
1579:Wallace, Donna K., Cartwright, Cathy C. (2007).
2211:, Adelaide (AU): University of Adelaide Press,
1036:Even if parents cannot yet understand infants'
2439:, vol. 77, no. 5, pp. 641–648,
2064:, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 385–408,
1198:to adults who are sensitive and responsive in
870:, as well as an instinctive behavior known as
4646:
3689:
3529:(American 'crib' and 'cradle', British 'cot')
3019:
2692:Infant Mortality: A Continuing Social Problem
2029:"Parents, listen next time your baby babbles"
2006:Gehirn&GeistSerie Kindesentwicklung No. 1
1759:
1757:
1663:
1661:
1388:, the United Kingdom, the United States, and
1244:, and its physiological systems, such as the
658:Thin brown hair of a one-year-old infant girl
472:is for children aged between four and seven.
360:
8:
2805:. Wadsworth/Cengage Learning. p. 546.
2591:The International Journal of Psychoanalysis
2008:. February 2014. p. 63. Archived from
1896:Field T (2002). "Infants' Need for Touch".
4653:
4639:
4631:
4492:
4164:
3918:
3696:
3682:
3674:
3026:
3012:
3004:
2972:
2485:. Delta Airlines. Retrieved on 2013-04-27.
1837:Wells D (January 1995). "Infant Feeding".
367:
353:
52:
2770:
2407:
2160:
2103:
1929:
1927:
1737:
1718:Annual Review of Developmental Psychology
1102:An infant from Uganda playing with stoves
581:Learn how and when to remove this message
407:. The terms may also be used to refer to
2750:Etchegoyen G, Paganini JM (April 2007).
2431:Urs Hunziker, Ronald Barr (1986-05-01),
1161:
442:Before birth, the offspring is called a
46:A newborn infant being held by an adult
41:
2950:Simkin P, Whalley J, Keppler A (1991).
2803:Sociology: Your Compass for a New World
2546:Cicchetti D, Carlson V (30 June 1989).
1417:
1113:cried and kicked more often and had an
275:
222:
166:
82:
64:
2958:(Revised ed.). Meadowbook Press.
1730:10.1146/annurev-devpsych-051820-121446
2873:Human Growth Development and Learning
2826:Kuehn BM (2008). "Infant Mortality".
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2023:
2021:
2019:
761:, which is hypothesised to act as an
7:
3144:Infant respiratory distress syndrome
2135:Dias CC, Figueiredo B (2019-03-06).
1298:Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
1258:Infant respiratory distress syndrome
866:of the breasts or the nipple of the
702:In developed countries, the average
519:adding citations to reliable sources
4528:Psychiatric disorders of childbirth
2875:(2004 ed.), 2004, p. 50,
1487:Nöcker-Ribaupierre M (2015-06-01).
1181:theory whereby the infant or child
765:barrier. The newborn may also have
1173:Attachment theory is primarily an
14:
1459:Merriam-Webster online dictionary
1400:Babyhood is a critical period in
1090:by crying and by body movements.
1013:An infant holding a space-themed
4533:Postpartum physiological changes
4233:Postpartum physiological changes
3758:Assisted reproductive technology
2790:from the original on 2018-04-21.
2141:Early Child Development and Care
1585:. Berlin: Springer. p. 40.
1242:adaptations to extrauterine life
740:A newborn infant, seconds after
495:
334:
74:
4585:Adaptation to extrauterine life
3079:Breastfeeding and mental health
2772:10.1590/S1020-49892007000300005
2459:from the original on 2020-02-02
2185:from the original on 2022-06-21
2035:from the original on 2020-11-27
1948:from the original on 2020-12-04
1819:from the original on 2019-03-28
1561:from the original on 2015-09-05
1469:from the original on 2007-03-11
1436:from the original on 2023-04-23
783:Adaptation to extrauterine life
506:needs additional citations for
4228:Maternal physiological changes
2552:. Cambridge University Press.
1527:"Definition of Term Pregnancy"
1240:The infant is undergoing many
910:for babies in motor vehicles.
902:industrialized countries wear
748:glistens on her skin, and the
16:Very young offspring of humans
1:
4662:Development of the human body
3783:partner-assisted reproduction
3074:Breastfeeding and medications
2317:Keller-Schuhmacher K (2010).
2153:10.1080/03004430.2019.1582034
1343:An infant being immunized in
3636:Neonatal withdrawal syndrome
3257:Infant cognitive development
3154:Neonatal intensive care unit
2729:10.1016/0277-9536(94)90170-8
2622:Infant Mental Health Journal
1871:Weaning of infants. (Review)
1839:Nutrition & Food Science
1263:Neonatal lupus erythematosus
278:Developmental stage theories
139:Emerging and early adulthood
4019:Traditional birth attendant
3560:Supplemental nursing system
2986:Stages of human development
1505:10.13109/muum.2015.36.2.106
1493:Musiktherapeutische Umschau
1187:specified attachment figure
4904:
4251:Brain health and pollution
3312:Prenatal development table
3252:Irritant diaper dermatitis
2509:10.1037/0012-1649.28.4.568
2288:10.1016/j.sleh.2015.10.004
1875:. 88.6. Academic OneFile.
1332:
1293:Neonatal diabetes mellitus
1283:Neonatal bowel obstruction
1233:
1051:
828:
822:
780:
224:Development and psychology
20:
4464:Chorionic villus sampling
3816:Obstetric ultrasonography
3740:Pre-conception counseling
3631:Prenatal cocaine exposure
3419:Infant care and equipment
3336:Socialization and Culture
3247:Infant visual development
3114:Infant and toddler safety
2992:
2983:
2975:
2409:10.1016/j.cub.2013.03.041
2002:"Püppi, muttu AA machen?"
1980:10.1207/s15327078in0701_5
1851:10.1108/00346659510078312
990:A baby being hugged by a
35:Babyhood (disambiguation)
4354:Intrahepatic cholestasis
3641:Parental child abduction
3164:Oral rehydration therapy
2900:Developmental Psychology
2599:10.1516/0020757991598576
2497:Developmental Psychology
1555:Law.com Legal Dictionary
1308:Neonatal hemochromatosis
1288:Benign neonatal seizures
675:may also be temporarily
646:may assist the process.
487:Physical characteristics
303:Psychosexual development
31:Newborn (disambiguation)
4424:Motor vehicle emissions
4285:Concomitant conditions
4259:environmental toxicants
4002:Auxiliary nurse midwife
3763:artificial insemination
3730:Natural family planning
3646:Parental responsibility
3159:Newborn care and safety
2759:Rev Panam Salud Publica
2476:Infant Age Restrictions
2096:10.1111/1460-6984.12435
1685:Chicot R (2015-12-03).
1402:personality development
1360:congenital malformation
1303:Neonatal herpes simplex
1268:Neonatal conjunctivitis
825:Newborn care and safety
27:Infant (disambiguation)
4518:Postpartum confinement
3778:in vitro fertilisation
3390:Grandparent visitation
2945:University of Illinois
2862:. statehealthfacts.org
1778:10.1542/peds.2004-2491
1347:
1170:
1103:
1063:
1017:
994:
840:
753:
659:
606:
411:of other organisms. A
50:
4513:Postpartum depression
4394:Pruritic folliculitis
4138:Unassisted childbirth
3149:Infant sleep training
2902:, 1998, p. 121,
2840:10.1001/jama.2008.642
2657:Developmental Science
2593:. 80 ( Pt 1): 71–89.
2147:(15). pp. 1–33.
1865:Marriott and Foote La
1430:www.perseus.tufts.edu
1342:
1323:Neonatal hypoglycemia
1234:Further information:
1165:
1158:Emotional development
1101:
1061:
1012:
989:
838:
829:Further information:
823:Further information:
739:
657:
604:
399:(from the Latin word
341:Psychology portal
243:Nature versus nurture
167:Biological milestones
45:
23:Baby (disambiguation)
4620:Gravidity and parity
4600:Congenital disorders
4559:Lactation consultant
4429:Pre-existing disease
4108:Childbirth positions
4098:Rupture of membranes
3795:Unintended pregnancy
3773:fertility medication
3307:Prenatal development
3207:Attachment parenting
3181:Shaken baby syndrome
2250:publications.aap.org
1124:For infant feeding,
1115:increased heart rate
1082:Maternal sensitivity
1077:Maternal sensitivity
1005:Language development
515:improve this article
195:Language acquisition
4523:Sex after pregnancy
4330:Endocrine diseases
4276:Prenatal depression
4148:Placental expulsion
4066:Uterine contraction
4049:cervical effacement
3790:Fertility awareness
3621:Infant ear piercing
2400:2013CBio...23..739E
1628:10.1038/nature01545
1620:2003Natur.422..625W
1313:Neonatal meningitis
1205:attachment 'styles'
1200:social interactions
689:developed countries
318:Cultural-historical
4817:Emerging adulthood
4299:Hypercoagulability
4128:Natural childbirth
3977:Postterm pregnancy
3735:Male contraceptive
3129:Infant food safety
2858:2012-06-12 at the
2694:. Ashgate Pub Co.
2690:Garrett E (2007).
2669:10.1111/desc.12091
2634:10.1002/imhj.20032
2481:2016-03-26 at the
2350:Johnson H (2006).
2252:. December 1, 2018
2070:10.1111/infa.12054
1348:
1318:Neonatal hepatitis
1216:Response to sounds
1171:
1104:
1064:
1018:
995:
914:Common care issues
908:child safety seats
841:
754:
752:is still attached.
660:
607:
387:is the very young
233:Pre- and perinatal
51:
33:, and
4875:
4874:
4739:Adult development
4717:Child development
4628:
4627:
4613:Obstetric history
4608:
4607:
4569:Confinement nanny
4482:
4481:
4349:Acute fatty liver
4156:
4155:
4044:cervical dilation
3671:
3670:
3531:
3368:Children's rights
3282:Object permanence
3104:Failure to thrive
3002:
3001:
2993:Succeeded by
2965:978-0-88166-177-4
2812:978-0-495-09912-3
2701:978-0-7546-4593-1
2559:978-0-521-37969-4
2218:978-1-925261-67-7
1910:10.1159/000048156
1898:Human Development
1882:978-1-4129-0475-9
1698:978-1-4735-2759-1
1592:978-3-540-29703-1
1253:Neonatal jaundice
1062:A sleeping infant
982:Benefits of touch
889:As infants grow,
591:
590:
583:
565:
475:As a legal term,
377:
376:
4895:
4855:Social and legal
4655:
4648:
4641:
4632:
4493:
4459:Cardiotocography
4165:
4071:Vaginal delivery
3944:Nesting instinct
3919:
3904:Rudimentary horn
3833:Prenatal testing
3698:
3691:
3684:
3675:
3527:
3212:Baby-led weaning
3028:
3021:
3014:
3005:
2976:Preceded by
2973:
2969:
2957:
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2464:
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2379:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2363:
2357:. Archived from
2356:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2330:
2323:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2200:
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2191:
2190:
2164:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2107:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2057:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2025:
2014:
2013:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1947:
1940:
1934:Hartmut Kasten.
1931:
1922:
1921:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1874:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1741:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1691:. Random House.
1682:
1676:
1665:
1656:
1655:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1538:
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1523:
1517:
1516:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1422:
1335:Infant mortality
1273:Neonatal tetanus
1166:Eight-month-old
1141:Garuda Indonesia
891:food supplements
883:first 1,000 days
819:Care and feeding
769:, various other
719:
718:
714:
711:
622:
621:
617:
586:
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575:
572:
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564:
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499:
491:
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238:Infant and child
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4893:
4892:
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4877:
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4867:Age of majority
4850:
4783:Early childhood
4758:
4705:Birth and after
4700:
4696:Gestational age
4664:
4659:
4629:
4624:
4604:
4573:
4537:
4508:Postpartum care
4478:
4442:
4345:Liver diseases
4339:Thyroid disease
4237:
4223:Gestational age
4194:
4152:
4118:Labor induction
4023:
4014:Perinatal nurse
3987:Birth attendant
3948:
3908:
3842:
3838:Medical imaging
3799:
3768:fertility fraud
3744:
3711:
3702:
3672:
3667:
3661:Paternity fraud
3611:Closed adoption
3584:
3540:Infant clothing
3515:Haberman Feeder
3485:Car seat safety
3414:
3395:Infant swimming
3373:UN Child rights
3331:
3242:Gestational age
3195:
3038:
3032:
2998:
2989:
2981:
2966:
2949:
2941:Infant eyesight
2927:
2922:
2921:
2910:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2883:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2860:Wayback Machine
2851:
2847:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2813:
2801:Brym R (2007).
2800:
2799:
2795:
2787:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2702:
2689:
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2684:
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2653:
2649:
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2618:
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2587:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2545:
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2540:
2524:
2520:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2483:Wayback Machine
2474:
2470:
2462:
2460:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2388:Current Biology
2381:
2380:
2376:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2354:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2334:
2332:
2331:on 23 June 2016
2328:
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2311:
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2081:
2080:
2076:
2059:
2058:
2047:
2038:
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2027:
2026:
2017:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1951:
1949:
1945:
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1932:
1925:
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1463:Merriam-Webster
1453:
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1448:
1439:
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1398:
1371:epidemiological
1337:
1331:
1278:Neonatal sepsis
1238:
1232:
1227:
1218:
1190:and attachment
1183:seeks proximity
1160:
1155:
1147:Delta Air Lines
1137:Asiana Airlines
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464:British English
460:
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4807:Preadolescence
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4469:Nonstress test
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4215:
4210:
4204:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4175:Amniotic fluid
4171:
4169:
4162:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4123:Multiple birth
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4005:
4004:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3962:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3929:Bradley method
3925:
3923:
3916:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3821:Pregnancy test
3818:
3813:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3754:
3752:
3746:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3678:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3653:
3651:Parenting plan
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3535:Infant carrier
3532:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3475:Baby transport
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3433:
3428:
3422:
3420:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3139:Infant massage
3136:
3134:Infant formula
3131:
3126:
3124:Infant feeding
3121:
3119:Infant bathing
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3084:Bottle feeding
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3050:
3048:
3040:
3039:
3037:and their care
3033:
3031:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3008:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2991:
2982:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2964:
2947:
2938:
2933:
2926:
2925:External links
2923:
2920:
2919:
2908:
2891:
2881:
2864:
2845:
2818:
2811:
2793:
2761:(in Spanish).
2742:
2707:
2700:
2682:
2663:(6): 894–904.
2647:
2612:
2581:
2572:
2558:
2538:
2518:
2503:(4): 568–577.
2487:
2468:
2423:
2374:
2342:
2309:
2282:(4): 233–243.
2262:
2237:
2217:
2195:
2127:
2090:(1): 110–122.
2074:
2045:
2031:. 2014-08-27.
2015:
2012:on 2020-02-02.
1993:
1958:
1923:
1904:(2): 100–103.
1888:
1881:
1856:
1829:
1807:Innocenti UO.
1799:
1772:(2): 496–506.
1753:
1704:
1697:
1677:
1657:
1598:
1591:
1571:
1542:
1518:
1499:(2): 106–118.
1479:
1446:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1397:
1394:
1333:Main article:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1095:
1092:
1078:
1075:
1052:Main article:
1049:
1046:
1023:mirror neurons
1006:
1003:
983:
980:
978:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
950:Infant massage
947:
942:
937:
932:
923:
917:
915:
912:
860:infant formula
831:Infant bathing
820:
817:
800:
797:
789:umbilical cord
781:Main article:
778:
777:Umbilical cord
775:
759:vernix caseosa
750:umbilical cord
746:Amniotic fluid
733:
730:
699:
696:
684:
681:
651:
648:
598:
595:
589:
588:
503:
501:
494:
488:
485:
459:
456:
375:
374:
372:
371:
364:
357:
349:
346:
345:
344:
343:
328:
327:
326:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
282:
281:
276:
273:
272:
271:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
227:
226:
220:
219:
218:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
169:
168:
164:
163:
162:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
130:
125:
120:
114:
109:
103:
98:
93:
85:
84:
80:
79:
71:
70:
62:
61:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4900:
4889:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4825:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4761:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4656:
4651:
4649:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4633:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4564:Monthly nurse
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4485:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4454:Amniocentesis
4452:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4414:Vaginal flora
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4304:Substance use
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4218:Fundal height
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4159:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4026:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3970:Preterm birth
3968:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3951:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3934:Hypnobirthing
3932:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3811:3D ultrasound
3809:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3725:Birth control
3723:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3699:
3694:
3692:
3687:
3685:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3626:Open adoption
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3606:Child neglect
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3440:Hidden camera
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3417:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3363:Child custody
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:Nursery rhyme
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3267:Kangaroo care
3265:
3263:
3262:Infant crying
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3176:Preterm birth
3174:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3069:Breastfeeding
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3029:
3024:
3022:
3017:
3015:
3010:
3009:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2980:
2974:
2967:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2916:
2911:
2909:971-23-2463-X
2905:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2882:971-23-3911-4
2878:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2849:
2846:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2822:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2794:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2765:(4): 223–30.
2764:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2743:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2723:(1): 105–14.
2722:
2718:
2711:
2708:
2703:
2697:
2693:
2686:
2683:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2651:
2648:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2616:
2613:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2585:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2561:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2535:1-57230-087-6
2532:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2472:
2469:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2427:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2394:(9): 739–45.
2393:
2389:
2385:
2378:
2375:
2364:on 2011-11-20
2360:
2353:
2346:
2343:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2266:
2263:
2251:
2247:
2241:
2238:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2199:
2196:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1962:
1959:
1944:
1941:(in German).
1937:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1873:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1833:
1830:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1803:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1749:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1708:
1705:
1700:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1602:
1599:
1594:
1588:
1584:
1583:
1575:
1572:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1483:
1480:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1395:
1393:
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965:Paternal bond
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726:breastfeeding
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532: –
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526:Find sources:
520:
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504:This section
502:
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486:
484:
482:
479:is more like
478:
473:
471:
470:
469:infant school
465:
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419:(from Latin,
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175:Fertilization
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128:Preadolescent
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4834:Middle adult
4772:
4769:Early years
4669:Before birth
4294:Hypertension
4281:Immunization
4264:in pregnancy
4180:Amniotic sac
4133:Silent birth
4076:Presentation
4039:Bishop score
4009:Obstetrician
3964:
3899:Interstitial
3826:home testing
3589:Other topics
3528:
3495:Cradle board
3490:Cloth diaper
3450:Baby shampoo
3436:Baby monitor
3426:Baby bouncer
3380:Circumcision
3227:Birth defect
3109:Immunization
3059:Birth weight
3034:
2984:
2953:
2913:
2899:
2894:
2886:
2872:
2867:
2848:
2834:(20): 2359.
2831:
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2650:
2628:(1): 19–39.
2625:
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2584:
2575:
2563:. Retrieved
2548:
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2500:
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2471:
2461:, retrieved
2436:
2426:
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2387:
2377:
2366:. Retrieved
2359:the original
2345:
2333:. Retrieved
2326:the original
2312:
2279:
2276:Sleep Health
2275:
2265:
2254:. Retrieved
2249:
2240:
2230:, retrieved
2208:
2198:
2187:. Retrieved
2144:
2140:
2130:
2105:11343/284733
2087:
2083:
2077:
2061:
2037:. Retrieved
2010:the original
2005:
1996:
1974:(1): 53–71.
1971:
1967:
1961:
1950:. Retrieved
1901:
1897:
1891:
1870:
1859:
1845:(2): 42–44.
1842:
1838:
1832:
1821:. Retrieved
1812:
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1721:
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1707:
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1680:
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1574:
1563:. Retrieved
1554:
1545:
1534:. Retrieved
1531:www.acog.org
1530:
1521:
1496:
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1482:
1471:. Retrieved
1458:
1449:
1438:. Retrieved
1429:
1420:
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1383:
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1349:
1239:
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1186:
1182:
1175:evolutionary
1172:
1168:twin sisters
1145:
1130:
1123:
1105:
1080:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1054:Infant sleep
1042:
1035:
1019:
996:
955:Immunization
888:
880:
871:
850:Infants are
849:
842:
813:witch's milk
803:A newborn's
802:
794:
786:
755:
722:
704:birth weight
701:
693:
686:
661:
633:
608:
592:
577:
568:
558:
551:
544:
537:
525:
513:Please help
508:verification
505:
476:
474:
467:
461:
447:
441:
437:
420:
416:
412:
404:
400:
396:
393:human beings
384:
380:
378:
323:Evolutionary
298:Psychosocial
149:Middle adult
111:
66:Human growth
39:
18:
4839:Elder adult
4829:Young adult
4812:Adolescence
4676:Development
4590:Apgar score
4374:Hepatitis C
4360:Infections
4200:Development
4185:Endometrium
4143:Water birth
4061:Bloody show
3992:Men's roles
3922:Preparation
3874:Heterotopic
3601:Babywearing
3596:Baby shower
3570:Swim diaper
3460:Baby walker
3445:Baby powder
3385:Foster care
3353:Child abuse
3348:Babysitting
3200:Development
3186:Soy formula
3064:Breast pump
2996:Toddlerhood
2717:Soc Sci Med
2565:21 December
2335:31 December
1724:: 225–246.
1557:. Law.com.
1381:practices.
1352:dehydration
1236:Neonatology
1179:ethological
945:Diaper rash
868:baby bottle
839:Crying baby
640:birth canal
446:. The term
258:Young adult
144:Young adult
4749:Senescence
4595:Child care
4488:Postpartum
4447:Procedures
4399:Dermatoses
4255:Nutrition
4113:Home birth
4035:Pelvimetry
3914:Childbirth
3894:Unintended
3750:Conception
3709:childbirth
3580:Travel cot
3525:Infant bed
3520:High chair
3510:Baby wipes
3505:Diaper bag
3470:Baby swing
3358:Child care
3343:Attachment
3232:Childbirth
3094:Cradle cap
3045:Pediatrics
2463:2020-02-02
2437:Pediatrics
2368:2020-12-31
2256:2023-11-23
2232:2023-11-23
2189:2020-11-01
2162:1822/59691
2039:2020-12-31
1952:2020-12-31
1823:2019-03-28
1813:UNICEF-IRC
1766:Pediatrics
1565:2015-09-30
1536:2023-12-20
1473:2007-03-27
1440:2023-04-05
1412:References
1345:Bangladesh
1203:number of
1119:baby sling
1087:attachment
1027:intonation
935:Cradle cap
921:Baby colic
895:baby foods
771:birthmarks
644:physicians
571:March 2022
541:newspapers
458:Other uses
433:postmature
293:Ecological
288:Attachment
248:Adolescent
185:Childbirth
133:Adolescent
4824:Adulthood
4788:Childhood
4103:Caesarean
3869:Abdominal
3705:Pregnancy
3656:Paternity
3565:Swaddling
3431:Baby gate
3410:Wet nurse
3400:Milk bank
3292:Parenting
3217:Baby talk
3169:Pedialyte
3099:Esotropia
3054:Baby food
2445:0031-4005
2296:2352-7226
2179:151246725
2171:0300-4430
1918:144155181
1794:263051578
1674:eMedicine
1636:0028-0836
1551:"Infancy"
1513:0172-5505
1455:"Neonate"
1356:infection
1329:Mortality
1192:behaviors
1153:Behaviour
1031:baby talk
1015:baby book
970:Swaddling
876:wet nurse
852:altricial
668:Caucasian
625:fontanels
454:instead.
435:infants.
429:full term
425:premature
409:juveniles
389:offspring
313:Cognitive
205:Menopause
180:Pregnancy
154:Old adult
4882:Category
4496:Maternal
4474:Abortion
4419:Bleeding
4369:COVID-19
4334:Diabetes
4319:Cannabis
4269:prenatal
4190:Placenta
4161:Prenatal
4091:shoulder
4086:cephalic
4054:position
4028:Delivery
3889:Postterm
3854:Cervical
3717:Planning
3616:Cry room
3555:Stroller
3545:Pacifier
3480:Bassinet
3455:Baby toy
3317:Teething
3297:Peekaboo
3237:Crawling
3222:Babbling
3043:Health (
2990:Infancy
2856:Archived
2785:Archived
2781:17612466
2677:24118715
2642:28682511
2607:10216817
2479:Archived
2457:archived
2418:23602481
2304:29073398
2227:30035952
2183:Archived
2122:54389163
2114:30387273
2033:Archived
1988:33430544
1943:Archived
1867:(2003).
1817:Archived
1786:15687461
1748:34553142
1644:12687003
1559:Archived
1467:Archived
1434:Archived
1396:Babyhood
1230:Diseases
1196:attached
1133:airlines
1038:babbling
999:cuddling
975:Teething
960:Pacifier
940:Day care
926:Bassinet
843:Infants
805:genitals
799:Genitals
742:delivery
530:"Infant"
481:minority
421:neonatus
268:Maturity
58:a series
56:Part of
4888:Infancy
4778:Toddler
4732:Puberty
4405:Others
4379:Malaria
4324:Opioids
4314:Alcohol
4309:Smoking
4168:Anatomy
3997:Midwife
3965:Newborn
3884:Ovarian
3864:Ectopic
3859:Cryptic
3804:Testing
3575:Teether
3550:Playpen
3327:Weaning
3322:Walking
3035:Infants
2737:8066481
2453:3517799
2396:Bibcode
2062:Infancy
1968:Infancy
1739:8455097
1652:4331659
1616:Bibcode
1406:toddler
1107:Wearing
992:soldier
904:diapers
872:rooting
864:nipples
809:scrotum
715:⁄
677:bruised
634:During
618:⁄
611:cranium
555:scholar
477:infancy
452:toddler
417:neonate
413:newborn
200:Puberty
190:Walking
117:Toddler
4773:Infant
4763:Phases
4744:Ageing
4722:Stages
4686:Embryo
4681:Zygote
4578:Infant
4503:Lochia
4289:Anemia
4208:Embryo
4081:breech
3960:Mother
3939:Lamaze
3500:Diaper
3287:Parent
3272:Mother
2962:
2906:
2879:
2809:
2779:
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2675:
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1736:
1695:
1650:
1642:
1634:
1608:Nature
1589:
1511:
1386:Canada
1375:health
1111:cradle
698:Weight
683:Length
664:lanugo
636:labour
629:noggin
557:
550:
543:
536:
528:
448:infant
431:, and
401:infans
397:Infant
381:infant
210:Ageing
112:Infant
101:Embryo
96:Zygote
91:Gamete
83:Stages
29:,
25:,
4862:Minor
4846:Dying
4802:Youth
4793:Child
4754:Death
4727:Early
4712:Birth
4691:Fetus
4549:Doula
4542:Roles
4434:Sleep
4409:Drugs
4389:Lupus
4213:Fetus
3982:Doula
3953:Roles
3879:Molar
3847:Types
3405:Nanny
3089:Colic
2979:Fetus
2788:(PDF)
2755:(PDF)
2362:(PDF)
2355:(PDF)
2329:(PDF)
2322:(PDF)
2175:S2CID
2118:S2CID
1946:(PDF)
1939:(PDF)
1914:S2CID
1790:S2CID
1648:S2CID
1390:Japan
1369:This
1185:to a
1131:Many
1094:Other
1048:Sleep
673:scalp
562:JSTOR
548:books
466:, an
444:fetus
308:Moral
263:Adult
253:Youth
215:Death
159:Dying
123:Child
106:Fetus
4243:Care
3707:and
3302:Play
3191:SIDS
2960:ISBN
2904:ISBN
2877:ISBN
2807:ISBN
2777:PMID
2733:PMID
2696:ISBN
2673:PMID
2638:PMID
2603:PMID
2567:2018
2554:ISBN
2531:ISBN
2449:PMID
2441:ISSN
2414:PMID
2337:2020
2300:PMID
2292:ISSN
2223:PMID
2213:ISBN
2167:ISSN
2110:PMID
1984:PMID
1877:ISBN
1782:PMID
1744:PMID
1693:ISBN
1640:PMID
1632:ISSN
1587:ISBN
1509:ISSN
1364:SIDS
1362:and
1177:and
930:crib
899:milk
787:The
732:Skin
650:Hair
597:Head
534:news
405:baby
385:baby
4364:HIV
3465:Bib
2836:doi
2832:300
2767:doi
2725:doi
2665:doi
2630:doi
2595:doi
2505:doi
2404:doi
2284:doi
2157:hdl
2149:doi
2145:190
2100:hdl
2092:doi
2066:doi
1976:doi
1906:doi
1847:doi
1774:doi
1770:115
1734:PMC
1726:doi
1672:at
1624:doi
1612:422
1501:doi
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517:by
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383:or
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