30:
343:
Offshore, North Coast and
Peninsular sections of the fault. Since 1776 possible events on the fault include earthquakes in 1836, 1838, 1839, 1865, 1890 and 1906. The 1836 event is no longer thought to have been a large earthquake and it remains uncertain which fault was ruptured. The 1839 event is now accepted as misreporting of the 1838 earthquake. The 1865 event is only known to have affected the Santa Cruz Mountains, but is interpreted to be a
608:
488:
degree of shaking at
Monterey, which is interpreted to be similar to that in the 1906 earthquake, has been used to support rupture along part, if not all, of the Santa Cruz Mountains section of the fault. The maximum suggested rupture length is 140 km, assuming that both sections of the fault ruptured completely. The possibility of rupture extending into the Santa Cruz Mountains has been investigated by
573:. Four main groups of ages were identified as 1817, 1837, 1857 and 1909, all with an uncertainty of 10 years and presumed to be associated with the major San Andreas earthquakes of 1812, 1838, 1857 and 1906. Rockfalls dated as 1837 were found to be equally as abundant as those dated 1857 and 1909, suggesting that the effects on the Sierra Nevada range was similar for all three events.
37:
51:
65:
342:
investigations before about 1776, when the first missions were founded in this part of
California. A series of earlier events have been identified, the most recent of which occurred in the time interval 1660â1780 with an estimated rupture length of greater than 250 km and apparently affected the
496:
The displacement during the 1838 earthquake has been estimated at three of the Santa Cruz
Mountain paleoseismic sites and at Filoli, covering 83 km of the rupture length. The values are; Filoli 1.6±0.7 m, Hazel Dell 1.5 m, Mill Canyon 1.0 m and Arano Flat 1.0 m. Assuming a total rupture length
325:
was still many decades in the future and no measuring equipment existed to aid in the recording and documentation of earthquakes. Had there been equipment available to use in the study, there were still no scientists in the area to perform the work. Instruments capable of detecting earthquakes that
487:
The description of the earthquake at
Woodside, coupled with the report of a probable surface rupture in the same area suggests that some, if not all, of the Peninsula section ruptured. This is further supported by the interpretation of a paleoseismic investigation at Filoli, north of Woodside. The
435:
The northern part of the SAF consists of four main sections between the northern end of the
Central part (the San Juan Bautista section) and the Menocino Triple Junction. These are known as the Santa Cruz Mountains (or Loma Prieta), Peninsula, North Coast and Offshore sections, going from south to
492:
techniques, particularly trenching across the fault at a series of localities, Grizzly Flat, Hazel Dell, Mill Canyon and Arano Flat. Initial results from
Grizzly Flat found no evidence for the 1838 event, but the dating of the horizons have been re-evaluated and rupture associated with the 1838
595:
months until the writer left the area. Some larger aftershocks in 1840 and 1841 have also been attributed to the 1838 earthquake with magnitudes of about M 6 and epicenters near San Juan
Bautista, supporting an extension of the 1838 rupture into the Santa Cruz Mountains.
404:, and near San Diego they are about 150 kilometers (93 mi) wide. In the area near San Francisco Bay, the extent of the various fault strands are limited to about 80 kilometers (50 mi). This system of faults terminates in the north at the
513:
The damage associated with this earthquake is quite poorly documented, relying on relatively few written accounts and most of these were only recorded well after the event. Effects were reported from as far north as the northern end of the
455:
The magnitude has been estimated from the size of the affected area, the maximum intensity and the rupture length/displacement. This gives a magnitude range of 6.8â7.5. The maximum estimated intensity is at least VIIâVIII
334:
was developed in 1926 that instruments began to be used in widespread fashion in
California. Details that made their way into the earthquake catalogs showed that the period 1836â1840 was one of the most active on record.
448:
Due to the paucity of contemporary observations of this earthquake, there is significant uncertainty about the time and date, the magnitude, the maximum intensity and the exact portion of the fault that ruptured.
302:. Native Americans kept no records and communications between the villages was poor. There were no local newspapers and no correspondents from news agencies in the distant United States. Beginning in 1833, the
670:
Streig, A. R.; Dawson, T. E.; Weldon II, R. J. (2014), "Paleoseismic
Evidence of the 1890 and 1838 Earthquakes on the Santa Cruz Mountains Section of the San Andreas Fault, near Corralitos, California",
2004:
1695:
830:
562:
reports shortly after the earthquake of buildings in disrepair may be a result of the earthquake and at Monterey some adobe walls were damaged and crockery and glassware broken.
347:
type earthquake not on the SAF itself. The 1890 earthquake is thought to be a result of rupture along the Santa Cruz Mountains section, with an estimated magnitude in the range M
310:
brought an end to the once plentiful and dominant source of information in the study of previous earthquakes, and other Mexican sources during this period were also lacking. The
1045:
Scharer, K.; Streig, A. (2018). "10. The San Andreas Fault System: Complexities Along a Major Transform Fault System and Relation to Earthquake Hazards". In Duarte, J.C. (ed.).
937:
505:
following the 1838 event. This analysis is more consistent with a rupture of 75 km in terms of subsequent earthquakes on the Santa Cruz Mountains section in 1865 and 1989.
1274:
1241:
321:
The lack of archives made work difficult for seismologists preparing earthquake catalogs or those involved in creating seismic hazard and risk estimates. The science of
245:
of 6.8 to 7.2, making it one of the largest known earthquakes in California. The region was lightly populated at the time, although structural damage was reported in
2482:
1688:
554:
adobe buildings were badly cracked and there are reports of the "ground (moving) in waves like the ocean". An open fissure was also described to extend from near
2446:
493:
earthquake is now thought to be consistent with observations at all four sites, suggesting a minimum rupture length on this section of the fault as 14 km.
1164:"Paleoseismic investigations in the Santa Cruz mountains, California: Implications for recurrence of large-magnitude earthquakes on the San Andreas fault"
2024:
268:; however, this is now believed to be referring to the 1838 San Andreas earthquake. There is no evidence that a large earthquake hit the region in 1836.
29:
1681:
473:
124:
1704:
749:
626:
1267:
1203:
Pollitz, F.; Bakun, W.; Nyst, M. (2004). "A physical model for strain accumulation in the San Francisco Bay region: Stress evolution since 1838".
1833:
1414:
2487:
285:
1974:
1748:
2365:
558:
to the Santa Clara mission. Many trees were uprooted and thrown sideways, something that was also observed during the 1906 earthquake. At
2149:
1753:
1516:
1299:
452:
The date is not known precisely, other than that the earthquake occurred in late June, 1838 and that the time was shortly after midday.
1086:
Toppozada, T.R.; Branum, D.M.; Riechle, M.S.; Hallstrom, C.L. (2002). "San Andreas Fault Zone, California: M â„5.5 Earthquake History".
839:
257:. It is unknown whether there were fatalities. Based on geological sampling, the fault created approximately 1.5 meters (5.0 feet) of
2472:
2385:
2134:
1989:
1504:
1468:
1260:
1062:
1030:
998:
2009:
1778:
1283:
813:
621:
465:
277:
198:
2497:
2330:
2144:
2054:
1979:
1889:
1874:
1718:
1625:
1474:
1432:
1341:
949:
889:
763:
Schwartz, D. P.; Lienkaemper, J. J.; Hecker, S.; Kelson, K. I.; Fumal, T. E.; Baldwin, J. N.; Seitz, G. G.; Niemi, T. M. (2014),
539:
523:
477:
78:
2436:
2295:
2174:
2139:
2099:
1894:
1510:
1486:
1383:
1365:
1022:
990:
526:
were badly damaged. Across the other side of the bay, large fissures were reported at "Oakland valley" (near the waterfront at
318:
and the San Francisco Bay Area. These records were tapped later on by seismologists in their study of earthquakes in the area.
2375:
2350:
2260:
2199:
1969:
1939:
1808:
631:
307:
543:
469:
2380:
2320:
2014:
1949:
1919:
1909:
1869:
1828:
1723:
1589:
1444:
1335:
1329:
764:
613:
437:
2194:
2164:
2079:
2069:
2034:
1879:
1813:
1803:
1637:
1480:
1323:
429:
1798:
2451:
2370:
2275:
2219:
2169:
2154:
2129:
2109:
2094:
2064:
2049:
2044:
2029:
1999:
1904:
1848:
1843:
1655:
1619:
1607:
1595:
1564:
1528:
1522:
1498:
1438:
1426:
1420:
1389:
1377:
1353:
352:
1123:"Paleoseismic studies of the San Francisco Peninsula segment of the San Andreas Fault zone near Woodside, California"
2410:
2340:
2265:
2255:
2224:
2214:
2204:
2189:
2119:
2074:
1959:
1944:
1838:
1818:
1793:
1768:
1743:
1728:
1643:
1601:
1558:
1546:
1540:
1456:
1317:
555:
2492:
2477:
2360:
2335:
2240:
1984:
1964:
1929:
1864:
1649:
1613:
1462:
566:
519:
405:
388:
type plate boundary. The zone of deformation between the Pacific and North American plates extends east into the
331:
2400:
2345:
2325:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2270:
2209:
2184:
2114:
2059:
1899:
1738:
1733:
1661:
1570:
1534:
1492:
413:
389:
83:
2395:
2300:
2250:
2179:
1994:
1914:
1788:
1773:
1758:
1408:
1371:
1305:
1246:
535:
515:
502:
409:
295:
264:
For years, another large earthquake was said to have occurred two years earlier on June 10, 1836, along the
230:
2426:
2390:
2355:
2290:
2245:
2159:
2124:
2104:
2089:
2084:
2039:
2019:
1954:
1934:
1924:
1823:
1783:
1631:
1552:
1450:
1359:
1347:
559:
242:
109:
2431:
2405:
2285:
2280:
1884:
425:
364:
281:
294:
usually contained no more than several hundred individuals. This is true even for the area between the
2441:
1212:
1175:
1134:
1095:
953:
893:
779:
680:
551:
547:
315:
311:
254:
234:
351: 6.0â6.3. There has been no large earthquake on the northern part of the SAF since 1906. The
527:
250:
1068:
909:
393:
299:
538:
and a large landslide was seen in the nearby hills. The walls of the mission buildings at both
1058:
1026:
1014:
994:
982:
933:
809:
370:
226:
160:
1220:
1183:
1142:
1103:
1050:
961:
901:
787:
688:
291:
518:
and as far as Monterey in the south. On the peninsula, the walls of some buildings in the
489:
421:
397:
385:
378:
258:
180:
1216:
1179:
1138:
1099:
957:
897:
783:
709:
684:
1054:
303:
229:
in June 1838. It affected approximately 100 km (62 miles) of the fault, from the
878:"Re-evaluation of the 1836 "Hayward fault" and the 1838 San Andreas fault earthquakes"
2466:
1072:
913:
344:
265:
246:
1673:
877:
570:
374:
339:
501: 6.8â7.2. The likely rupture extent has also been estimated by looking at
1162:
Schwartz, D.P.; Pantosti, D.; Okumura, K.; Powers, T.J.; Hamilton, J.C. (1998).
401:
170:
838:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 138. Archived from
603:
417:
327:
322:
238:
139:
126:
1252:
965:
905:
740:
581:
A contemporary account mentions many aftershocks, continuing for at least
569:
that are thought to be seismically triggered have been investigated using
382:
1224:
1147:
1122:
314:
ushered in a host of changes, including the startup of newspapers in the
338:
The history of earthquakes along the northern part of the SAF relies on
1107:
1019:
The San Andreas Fault System, California â USGS Professional Paper 1515
987:
The San Andreas Fault System, California â USGS Professional Paper 1515
791:
692:
1188:
1163:
765:"The Earthquake Cycle in the San Francisco Bay Region: A.D. 1600â2012"
184:
531:
468:, based on contemporary reports of damage to mission buildings in
1677:
1256:
408:
where the north-northwest trending SAF meets the east trending
416:. It terminates in the south in a more gradual fashion at the
710:"Appendix H: WGCEP HistoricalCalifornia Earthquake Catalog"
225:
is believed to be a rupture along the northern part of the
400:
span on and off shore along the California portion of the
1242:
Redwood chips offer insights into 1838 San Andreas quake
290:
During the 1830s in California, the largest of the few
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
649:
647:
742:
Seismicity of the United States, 1568â1989 (Revised)
36:
2419:
2233:
1857:
1711:
1580:
1399:
1290:
330:became available by 1896, but it was not until the
211:
190:
176:
166:
156:
118:
104:
89:
76:
64:
748:, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1527,
497:of 100 km, this gives a magnitude range of M
50:
1088:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
942:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
882:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
772:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
673:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
1121:Hall, N.T.; Wright, R.H.; Clahan, K.B. (1999).
436:north. All these sections ruptured during the
420:where displacement transitions to a series of
1689:
1268:
1047:Transform Plate Boundaries and Fracture Zones
938:"Central California earthquakes of the 1830s"
546:were badly affected and a house collapsed in
8:
1205:Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
1168:Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
1127:Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
928:
926:
924:
922:
381:faults that form a portion of a complex and
19:
976:
974:
871:
869:
867:
865:
863:
861:
859:
808:. Cambridge University Press. p. 148.
1696:
1682:
1674:
1275:
1261:
1253:
18:
1187:
1146:
876:Toppozada, T. R.; Borchardt, G. (1998),
750:United States Government Printing Office
734:
732:
730:
715:. USGS Open File Report 2007-1437H. USGS
703:
701:
627:List of earthquakes in the United States
832:Earthquake History of the United States
643:
739:Stover, C. W.; Coffman, J. L. (1993),
355:was another reverse fault type event.
286:Timeline of the San Francisco Bay Area
2483:History of the San Francisco Bay Area
829:Coffman, Jerry L.; von Hake, Carl A.
7:
16:Magnitude 7 earthquake in California
480:, although it may have reached IX (
1055:10.1016/B978-0-12-812064-4.00010-4
565:The age of major rockfalls in the
522:were cracked and the walls of the
14:
806:Early Earthquakes of the Americas
622:List of earthquakes in California
466:Modified Mercalli intensity scale
278:History of California before 1900
1705:Earthquakes in the United States
950:Seismological Society of America
890:Seismological Society of America
606:
63:
49:
35:
28:
1023:United States Geological Survey
991:United States Geological Survey
983:"Earthquake history, 1769â1989"
191:
1049:. Elsevier. pp. 261â263.
708:Felzer, K.R.; Cao, T. (2008).
632:List of historical earthquakes
1:
2488:19th century in San Francisco
614:San Francisco Bay Area portal
524:Mission San Francisco Dolores
373:(SAF) system is a network of
430:Gulf of California Rift Zone
43:Mission San Francisco Solano
353:1989 Loma Prieta earthquake
223:1838 San Andreas earthquake
20:1838 San Andreas earthquake
2514:
804:Kovach, Robert L. (2004).
362:
275:
2473:Earthquakes in California
2366:2018 Southern Appalachian
1284:Earthquakes in California
981:Ellsworth, W. L. (1990),
406:Mendocino Triple Junction
332:Wood-Anderson seismograph
57:Mission San Juan Bautista
24:
1754:1812 San Juan Capistrano
1300:1812 San Juan Capistrano
414:Cascadia subduction zone
396:and western Nevada. The
390:Basin and Range Province
2498:1838 in Alta California
2386:2020 Monte Cristo Range
2135:1986 North Palm Springs
1990:1948 Desert Hot Springs
1517:1987 Superstition Hills
1505:1986 North Palm Springs
1469:1948 Desert Hot Springs
1247:San Francisco Chronicle
1013:Wallace, R. E. (1990),
534:house was destroyed at
516:San Francisco Peninsula
410:Mendocino Fracture Zone
296:San Francisco Peninsula
231:San Francisco Peninsula
2437:2010â11 Guy-Greenbrier
2010:1957 Andreanof Islands
1834:1892 VacavilleâWinters
1779:1867 Manhattan, Kansas
1415:1892 VacavilleâWinters
966:10.1785/BSSA0370010033
906:10.1785/BSSA0880010140
2447:2009âpresent Oklahoma
2336:2014 Southeast Alaska
2331:2014 Aleutian Islands
2145:1987 Whittier Narrows
2055:1968 Borrego Mountain
2005:1954 Churchill County
1980:1946 Aleutian Islands
1975:1944 CornwallâMassena
1875:1906 Aleutian Islands
1719:1585 Aleutian Islands
1626:1987 Whittier Narrows
1475:1968 Borrego Mountain
365:Interplate earthquake
282:Ranchos of California
2296:2010 Baja California
2150:1987 Imperial Valley
2140:1986 Chalfant Valley
2100:1979 Imperial Valley
1895:1915 Pleasant Valley
1890:1915 Imperial Valley
1511:1986 Chalfant Valley
1487:1979 Imperial Valley
1433:1915 Imperial Valley
1384:2010 Baja California
1342:1915 Baja California
1225:10.1029/2004JB003003
1148:10.1029/1999JB900157
1133:(B10): 23215â23236.
312:California Gold Rush
241:, with an estimated
235:Santa Cruz Mountains
2376:2020 Salt Lake City
2321:2013 Port Alexander
2261:2006 Gulf of Mexico
2175:1992 Cape Mendocino
1940:1932 Cedar Mountain
1809:1872 North Cascades
1366:1992 Cape Mendocino
1217:2004JGRB..10911408P
1180:1998JGR...10317985S
1174:(B8): 17985â18001.
1139:1999JGR...10423215H
1100:2002BuSSA..92.2555T
958:1947BuSSA..37...33L
898:1998BuSSA..88..140T
784:2014BuSSA.104.1299S
685:2014BuSSA.104..285S
237:. It was a strong
136: /
21:
2381:2020 Central Idaho
2200:1993 Klamath Falls
2015:1957 San Francisco
1970:1940 New Hampshire
1950:1934 Hansel Valley
1920:1925 Santa Barbara
1910:1921 Sevier Valley
1870:1906 San Francisco
1829:1892 Laguna Salada
1759:1812 Santa Barbara
1749:1811â12 New Madrid
1724:1638 New Hampshire
1590:1957 San Francisco
1445:1925 Santa Barbara
1336:1906 San Francisco
1330:1892 Laguna Salada
1108:10.1785/0120000614
1015:"General features"
792:10.1785/0120120322
752:, pp. 72, 100
693:10.1785/0120130009
394:Eastern California
300:Santa Clara Valley
2460:
2459:
2195:1993 Scotts Mills
2165:1991 Sierra Madre
2080:1975 Near Islands
2070:1971 San Fernando
2035:1962 Cache Valley
1880:1909 Wabash River
1814:1882 Fort Collins
1804:1872 Owens Valley
1671:
1670:
1638:1991 Sierra Madre
1481:1971 San Fernando
1324:1872 Owens Valley
1189:10.1029/98JB00701
934:Louderback, G. D.
426:spreading centers
371:San Andreas Fault
326:were designed by
298:and south to the
227:San Andreas Fault
219:
218:
161:San Andreas Fault
2505:
2493:June 1838 events
2478:1838 earthquakes
2276:2008 Chino Hills
2220:1999 Hector Mine
2170:1992 Joshua Tree
2155:1989 Loma Prieta
2130:1984 Morgan Hill
2110:1981 Westmorland
2095:1979 Coyote Lake
2050:1965 Puget Sound
2045:1965 Rat Islands
2030:1959 Hebgen Lake
2000:1952 Kern County
1905:1918 San Jacinto
1849:1899 San Jacinto
1844:1898 Mare Island
1764:1838 San Andreas
1698:
1691:
1684:
1675:
1656:2008 Chino Hills
1620:1981 Westmorland
1608:1979 Coyote Lake
1529:1992 Joshua Tree
1523:1989 Loma Prieta
1499:1984 Morgan Hill
1439:1918 San Jacinto
1427:1899 San Jacinto
1421:1898 Mare Island
1378:1999 Hector Mine
1354:1952 Kern County
1312:1838 San Andreas
1277:
1270:
1263:
1254:
1229:
1228:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1094:(7): 2555â2601.
1083:
1077:
1076:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1025:, pp. 3â6,
1010:
1004:
1003:
978:
969:
968:
930:
917:
916:
873:
854:
853:
851:
850:
844:
837:
826:
820:
819:
801:
795:
794:
778:(3): 1299â1328,
769:
760:
754:
753:
747:
736:
725:
724:
722:
720:
714:
705:
696:
695:
667:
616:
611:
610:
609:
594:
593:
589:
586:
422:transform faults
359:Tectonic setting
308:Spanish missions
243:moment magnitude
207:
205:
193:
151:
150:
148:
147:
146:
141:
140:37.30°N 122.15°W
137:
134:
133:
132:
129:
100:
98:
67:
66:
53:
52:
39:
38:
32:
22:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2452:2019 Ridgecrest
2415:
2411:2024 New Jersey
2371:2019 Ridgecrest
2341:2014 South Napa
2266:2006 Kiholo Bay
2256:2003 San Simeon
2229:
2225:2000 Yountville
2215:1998 Pymatuning
2205:1994 Northridge
2190:1992 St. George
2120:1983 Borah Peak
2075:1973 Point Mugu
2065:1969 Santa Rosa
2025:1958 Lituya Bay
1960:1936 State Line
1945:1933 Long Beach
1853:
1839:1895 Charleston
1819:1886 Charleston
1794:1870 Charlevoix
1769:1857 Fort Tejon
1744:1783 New Jersey
1729:1663 Charlevoix
1707:
1702:
1672:
1667:
1644:2000 Yountville
1602:1973 Point Mugu
1596:1969 Santa Rosa
1582:
1576:
1565:2019 Ridgecrest
1559:2014 South Napa
1547:2003 San Simeon
1541:1994 Northridge
1457:1933 Long Beach
1435:(6.3 & 6.3)
1401:
1395:
1390:2019 Ridgecrest
1318:1857 Fort Tejon
1292:
1286:
1281:
1238:
1233:
1232:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1065:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1001:
993:, p. 155,
980:
979:
972:
932:
931:
920:
875:
874:
857:
848:
846:
842:
835:
828:
827:
823:
816:
803:
802:
798:
767:
762:
761:
757:
745:
738:
737:
728:
718:
716:
712:
707:
706:
699:
669:
668:
645:
640:
612:
607:
605:
602:
591:
587:
584:
582:
579:
511:
503:stress transfer
500:
446:
438:1906 earthquake
367:
361:
350:
288:
274:
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90:Local date
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2022:
2017:
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1985:1947 Wisconsin
1982:
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1965:1940 El Centro
1962:
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1653:
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1647:
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1614:1980 Livermore
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1463:1940 El Centro
1460:
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1569:
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1536:
1535:1992 Big Bear
1533:
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1527:
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1493:1983 Coalinga
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923:
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870:
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860:
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845:on 2017-08-08
841:
834:
833:
825:
822:
817:
815:9780521824897
811:
807:
800:
797:
793:
789:
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781:
777:
773:
766:
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743:
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733:
731:
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623:
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619:
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572:
568:
567:Sierra Nevada
563:
561:
557:
556:Lone Mountain
553:
549:
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541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
508:
506:
504:
494:
491:
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474:San Francisco
471:
467:
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441:
439:
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431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
384:
380:
376:
372:
366:
358:
356:
354:
346:
345:reverse fault
341:
336:
333:
329:
324:
319:
317:
316:Sierra Nevada
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
287:
283:
279:
271:
269:
267:
266:Hayward fault
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
247:San Francisco
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
214:
210:
206:
203:
196:
189:
186:
182:
179:
175:
172:
169:
165:
162:
159:
155:
152:(approximate)
149:
121:
117:
114:
107:
103:
92:
88:
85:
82:
80:
75:
31:
23:
2442:2012 Brawley
2396:2021 Chignik
2301:2010 Indiana
2251:2003 Alabama
2234:21st century
2180:1992 Landers
1995:1949 Olympia
1915:1925 Montana
1858:20th century
1789:1868 Hayward
1774:1865 Memphis
1763:
1409:1868 Hayward
1372:1992 Landers
1311:
1306:1812 Ventura
1245:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1130:
1126:
1116:
1091:
1087:
1081:
1046:
1040:
1018:
1008:
986:
945:
941:
885:
881:
847:. Retrieved
840:the original
831:
824:
805:
799:
775:
771:
758:
741:
717:. Retrieved
676:
672:
580:
571:lichenometry
564:
512:
495:
490:paleoseismic
486:
481:
461:
457:
454:
451:
447:
434:
368:
340:paleoseismic
337:
320:
289:
263:
222:
220:
201:
2391:2020 Sparta
2356:2018 Hawaii
2351:2018 Alaska
2291:2010 Eureka
2246:2002 Denali
2160:1990 Upland
2125:1983 Kaoiki
2105:1980 Eureka
2090:1975 Hawaii
2085:1975 Morris
2040:1964 Alaska
2020:1958 Huslia
1955:1935 Helena
1935:1932 Eureka
1925:1927 Lompoc
1824:1887 Sonora
1799:1871 LÄnaÊ»i
1784:1868 Hawaii
1632:1990 Upland
1553:2010 Eureka
1451:1932 Eureka
1360:1980 Eureka
1348:1927 Lompoc
892:: 140â159,
719:12 February
577:Aftershocks
544:Santa Clara
536:San Leandro
470:Santa Clara
458:very strong
402:Pacific Rim
379:strike-slip
292:settlements
171:Strike-slip
143: /
2467:Categories
2427:2001 Enola
2406:2023 Texas
2286:2008 Wells
1712:Historical
1598:(5.6, 5.7)
1519:(6.2, 6.6)
1417:(6.4, 6.2)
1291:Very Large
849:2017-07-25
638:References
560:Santa Cruz
444:Earthquake
428:along the
418:Salton Sea
363:See also:
328:John Milne
323:seismology
276:See also:
239:earthquake
212:Casualties
200:MMI VIII (
2432:2008 Reno
2281:2008 Reno
1885:1914 Reno
1583:(5.0â5.9)
1483:(6.5â6.7)
1423:(5.8â6.4)
1411:(6.3â6.7)
1402:(6.0â6.9)
1332:(7.1â7.2)
1326:(7.4â7.9)
1314:(6.8â7.2)
1308:(7.1â7.5)
1302:(6.9â7.5)
1293:(7.0â7.9)
1073:135141779
952:: 33â39,
914:129580128
550:town. At
464:) on the
386:transform
194:intensity
119:Epicenter
105:Magnitude
93:June 1838
1581:Moderate
936:(1947),
600:See also
552:Woodside
548:San Jose
540:San José
520:Presidio
478:San Jose
412:and the
255:Monterey
131:122°09âČW
108:6.8â7.2
1213:Bibcode
1211:(B11).
1176:Bibcode
1135:Bibcode
1096:Bibcode
954:Bibcode
894:Bibcode
780:Bibcode
681:Bibcode
590:⁄
528:Oakland
482:violent
383:diffuse
306:of the
272:Preface
251:Oakland
233:to the
215:Unknown
128:37°18âČN
97:1838-06
95: (
2420:Swarms
1071:
1061:
1029:
997:
912:
812:
530:). An
509:Damage
462:severe
398:faults
375:active
284:, and
253:, and
202:Severe
185:Mexico
84:ComCat
1664:(5.1)
1658:(5.4)
1652:(5.6)
1646:(5.0)
1640:(5.6)
1634:(5.7)
1628:(5.9)
1622:(5.9)
1616:(5.8)
1610:(5.7)
1604:(5.8)
1592:(5.7)
1573:(6.4)
1567:(6.4)
1561:(6.0)
1555:(6.5)
1549:(6.6)
1543:(6.7)
1537:(6.5)
1531:(6.2)
1525:(6.9)
1513:(6.2)
1507:(6.0)
1501:(6.2)
1495:(6.2)
1489:(6.4)
1477:(6.6)
1471:(6.4)
1465:(6.9)
1459:(6.4)
1453:(6.4)
1447:(6.8)
1441:(6.7)
1429:(6.7)
1400:Large
1392:(7.1)
1386:(7.2)
1380:(7.1)
1374:(7.3)
1368:(7.2)
1362:(7.3)
1356:(7.3)
1350:(7.3)
1344:(7.0)
1338:(7.8)
1320:(7.9)
1069:S2CID
948:(1),
910:S2CID
888:(1),
843:(PDF)
836:(PDF)
768:(PDF)
746:(PDF)
713:(PDF)
532:adobe
157:Fault
77:USGS-
1059:ISBN
1027:ISBN
995:ISBN
810:ISBN
721:2020
542:and
476:and
424:and
369:The
259:slip
221:The
192:Max.
167:Type
79:ANSS
1221:doi
1209:109
1184:doi
1172:103
1143:doi
1131:104
1104:doi
1051:doi
962:doi
902:doi
788:doi
776:104
689:doi
677:104
484:).
460:to
392:of
2469::
1244:â
1219:.
1207:.
1182:.
1170:.
1166:.
1141:.
1129:.
1125:.
1102:.
1092:92
1090:.
1067:.
1057:.
1021:,
1017:,
989:,
985:,
973:^
960:,
946:37
944:,
940:,
921:^
908:,
900:,
886:88
884:,
880:,
858:^
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774:,
770:,
729:^
700:^
687:,
675:,
646:^
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440:.
432:.
280:,
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249:,
1697:e
1690:t
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1276:e
1269:t
1262:v
1227:.
1223::
1215::
1192:.
1186::
1178::
1151:.
1145::
1137::
1110:.
1106::
1098::
1075:.
1053::
964::
956::
904::
896::
852:.
818:.
790::
782::
723:.
691::
683::
592:2
588:1
585:+
583:2
499:w
456:(
349:w
204:)
112:w
110:M
99:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
