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448:) encouraged that the strikers reach a deal. A deal was reached when the labor leader Sidney Hillman collaborated with the HSM firm. After a bitter, four-month strike, Hillman was instrumental in convincing the HSM to accept most worker demands, including recognition of newly formed Local 39 of the UGW, and an agreement to settle some future disputes by
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The strike began on
September 22, 1910, when sixteen women, led by Hannah Shapiro, protested the Hart, Schaffner, Marx firm due to a biased bonus system and a cut in the piece rate. The strike grew rapidly and tremendously by the end of the first week as 2,000 women had joined the effort. The peak of
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From 1880 - 1920, there had been a significant amount of labor strikes as the conditions, treatment, and wages of workers did not equal the amount of time and quality of work the average laborer dedicated. The rise of the garment industry in this time period was particular relevant to women, as by
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showed their capability to unify across ethnic boundaries in response to an industry's low wages, unrealistic production demands, and poor working conditions. The strike began on
September 22, led by 17-year old Hannah Shapiro, with sixteen women protesting the establishment of a bonus system that
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The strike claimed five lives. The first was striker
Charles Lazinskas, killed by a private detective on December 3, and Frank Nagreckis was shot and killed while picketing on the 15th. Then between December 24 and January 3, eighteen-year-old non-union worker John Donnelly was shot to death by
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the end of the first decade of the 20th century, the garment industry was
Chicago's third-largest employer and the single largest employer of women. The 1910 Chicago Garment Workers' Strike was preceded by similar garment labor strikes in different locations, such as the
387:) and HSM in January 1911. Although the most militant strikers held out until February 18, the strike succeeded in getting Rate Committee mandated contracts that presented workers with improved wages and conditions.
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the strikers came when the strike was sanctioned by the UGW with 41,000 workers walking off the job. Even though, the UGW supported the strikers, its support was not sufficient as the UGW did not call a
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The Hart, Schaffner & Marx labor agreement : being a compilation and codification of the agreements of 1911, 1913 and 1916 and decisions rendered by the Board of
Arbitration
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The strike was partially successful: workers received important support and attention that led to a re-codification of rules that were part of the deal. This deal also led to other
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436:. This resulted in the strike losing an edge on the HSM and subsequently the strike began to decline. The UGW backed out of support in December 1910 as the
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412:. Fair treatment was desired by women as they did an equal amount of work compared to men, yet men oftentimes received a higher pay rate and/or concealed
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Codification in 1911 improved standards within the labor workers standards. The emergence of the
Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America
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by ÂĽ cent. Eventually up to 41,000 workers walked out at the peak of the strike. The strike was initially supported by the
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but relied upon the workers that did not have contracts and the HSM was able to counter the strikers by providing work to
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and began the careers of strikers Bessie
Abramovitz and Sidney Hillman (later to marry) as prominent labor leaders.
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597:. Chicago, Illinois: Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Research Dept. p.
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551:. Binghamton, NY: State University of New York at Binghamton. p. Document 5A.
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How Did Cross-Class
Alliances Shape the 1910 Chicago Garment Workers' Strike?
430:
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519:"Sidney Hillman: Garment Worker Expanded Union Ideals Beyond the Workplace"
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in 1913 and 1916. Also, the strike marked the start of what became the
621:"Walkout: The Chicago Men's Garment Workers' Strike, 1910- 1911"
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Wolman, Leo; Wander, Paul; Mack, Eleanor; Herwitz, H. K (1922).
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established and led by women in which diverse workers in the
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demanded high production rates, while also cutting in the
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Textile and clothing labor disputes in the United States
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685:History of women's rights in the United States
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594:The clothing workers of Chicago, 1910-1922
576:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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18:1910 Chicago Garment Workers' Strike
525:. November–December 2009. Archived from
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466:Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America
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53:September 22, 1910 – February 18, 1911
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32:1910 Chicago garment workers' strike
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349:1910 Chicago garment workers' strike
660:1910s strikes in the United States
35:(Hart, Schaffner, and Marx strike)
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383:(who later married strike leader
161:Textile strikes in United States
670:1910 labor disputes and strikes
619:Weiler, N. Sue (Winter 1979).
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472:three unknown men, bystander
700:History of women in Illinois
404:, and subsequent strikes in
438:Chicago Federation of Labor
265:Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills
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690:Labor disputes in Illinois
566:. Chicago. pp. 40–41.
562:Mullenbach, James (1916).
547:Pastorello, Karen (2005).
523:The American Postal Worker
505:"Women Working, 1800-1930"
442:Women's Trade Union League
476:was shot and killed by a
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353:Hart, Schaffner and Marx
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695:1910 in women's history
398:Uprising of the 20,000
370:United Garment Workers
89:United Garment Workers
355:(HSM) strike, was a
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302:Los Angeles garment
220:New York shirtwaist
385:Bessie Abramovitch
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107:Lead figures
634:(4): 238–49
450:arbitration
327:1980s–2000s
296:1930s–1970s
283:New Bedford
271:New England
208:1900s–1920s
70:Resulted in
654:Categories
533:2013-06-06
484:References
391:Background
366:piece rate
289:Loray Mill
189:Mill Women
177:Mill Women
572:cite book
431:non-union
406:Cleveland
267:1914–1915
240:1912–1913
214:Skowhegan
638:15 April
604:15 April
440:and the
414:benefits
308:National
244:Hopedale
232:Lawrence
183:Paterson
58:Location
456:Outcome
277:Passaic
78:Parties
420:Strike
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624:(PDF)
171:1800s
640:2016
606:2016
578:link
446:WTUL
408:and
347:The
335:1982
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50:Date
400:in
374:UGW
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
