746:
vertical movement of the west-northwest trending fault was also seen, with even greater maximum displacements of 4–6 metres (13–20 ft), but the average vertical slip was about 1.2 metres (3 ft 11 in) throughout the extent of the observed surface faulting. They estimated that about 30 kilometres (19 mi) of visible fault breaks were present immediately following the shocks, but by the time they had completed their survey 45 years later about half of the surface features had succumbed to
32:
2513:
81:
67:
53:
39:
712:
questioned the reliability of this figure. In smaller villages, survivors provided an accurate count of those lost because they remembered the victims by name, but in a village of 18,000, survivors were unable to grasp the extent of the losses. Only two homes remained standing there, and the village
720:
The villages in the mountains to the south, west, and north of the Salmas Plain were generally smaller, and accounted for about half of the total number of villages that were lost. The foreshock was not felt at
Borusliqalan (the westernmost village that was destroyed) and the losses were high. The
745:
and C. P. Melville, but it was not completed until the mid 1970s. At that time, 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) of surface breaks with right-lateral offsets between 1–4 metres (3 ft 3 in – 13 ft 1 in) were located between the villages of
Shurgil and Kuhneh Shahr. Substantial
409:
homes was substantial. Roofs and walls collapsed and in some instances whole homes were demolished. Many of the villagers in the valley spent the following night outdoors and were spared during the main event, but in the mountainous villages where the shock was not felt as strongly
336:
occurred fifteen hours prior to the main event and served as a warning to the people that felt it strongly. Reports from seismologists and seismological organizations indicate that up to 3,000 fatalities may have occurred in northwest Iran and southeast
352:
sequence affected many villages, and in some cases, damage was inflicted on some that had escaped devastation during the mainshock. An inspection of the region was undertaken, but not until decades later, at which time substantial surface
373:. This area had been inhabited primarily by Christians for about a thousand years prior to the event (which was one of the largest earthquakes to occur in Iran since 1900). The mountainous areas surrounding the
766:
A series of strong and damaging aftershocks persisted for about three-and-a-half months. The largest in the sequence came on May 8. The event caused additional destruction to the northeast of the initial
795:
was a village in the southeast region that had not been seriously affected by the mainshock, but experienced heavy damage during the May 8 event. This shock resulted in four additional deaths.
708:) all the homes and all but one of the churches were destroyed. To the east of this area, the large village of Dilman reportedly had 1,100 casualties, but seismologists J. S. Tchalenko and
696:
Sixty villages and about 40 churches were destroyed in the southwest Salmas Plain and the surrounding mountainous regions. In the zone of heaviest damage (bounded by the villages of
665:
426:, and others) the population was not as concerned. Many slept indoors and this led to high casualties in those areas during the mainshock a little more than 15 hours later.
1162:
733:
was completely destroyed and 85 people were killed. Other nearby villages went almost unscathed, with the differing amounts of damage being attributed to soil type.
2011:
1649:
2553:
2375:
2295:
1798:
2250:
1973:
1487:
2280:
1155:
1038:
2300:
1109:
1006:
926:
895:
2194:
31:
2320:
2104:
1134:
2004:
1493:
1753:
861:
104:
2490:
1843:
2563:
2049:
1642:
1315:
1148:
253:
2470:
2430:
2405:
2275:
1958:
2270:
1913:
661:
118:
2290:
2285:
1450:
381:
villagers sustained themselves primarily on wheat and cattle farming. To the west, near the
Turkish border, lies Aravil Dagi, a
2568:
1978:
1953:
1863:
970:
677:
1818:
2114:
2094:
1997:
1948:
1358:
2260:
1943:
1270:
397:
on May 6 in the same area as the mainshock. This destructive event caused 25 fatalities and was felt as far as northwestern
2548:
2069:
2054:
2020:
1468:
829:
2503:
182:
2533:
2189:
1635:
2465:
2435:
1908:
1658:
1574:
1543:
1526:
1479:
1442:
1378:
1326:
1294:
1247:
1177:
824:
819:
809:
2355:
2310:
2305:
2174:
2480:
2455:
2450:
2440:
2240:
2214:
2204:
1968:
1963:
1582:
1431:
1395:
1218:
998:
879:
93:
2543:
2475:
2425:
2365:
2350:
2315:
2199:
2154:
2144:
1898:
1793:
1758:
1309:
1279:
1264:
1224:
2558:
2460:
2395:
2325:
2265:
2230:
2184:
2124:
1933:
1888:
1828:
1788:
1773:
1768:
1748:
1682:
1597:
1462:
1349:
1334:
1288:
780:
415:
325:
309:
280:
157:
2485:
2415:
2410:
660:
motion (normal faulting, northeast side down) occurred on a fault trending west-northwest. The United States'
2390:
2380:
2345:
2179:
2149:
2129:
2089:
2079:
1938:
1928:
1923:
1903:
1873:
1853:
1848:
1692:
1551:
1532:
1413:
1386:
1364:
1203:
887:
2335:
2209:
2119:
2109:
2099:
2084:
2074:
2064:
2059:
2039:
2034:
1878:
1833:
1813:
1808:
1783:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1672:
1520:
1511:
1343:
1255:
1212:
321:
313:
2538:
2420:
2400:
2360:
2340:
2330:
2255:
2169:
2164:
2139:
2134:
1918:
1893:
1883:
1858:
1838:
1823:
1778:
1717:
1560:
1502:
1422:
1300:
650:
1080:
369:
in the Salmas Plain covers 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi) and is positioned northwest of
2445:
2385:
2370:
2235:
2159:
2044:
1185:
1053:
1868:
1803:
1591:
1404:
1233:
988:
751:
742:
123:
348:) were destroyed in the Salmas Plain and in the surrounding mountainous regions. A destructive
1105:
1002:
964:
922:
891:
804:
775:, which had been nearly destroyed by the mainshock, took another serious hit. Other villages (
768:
634:
1130:
344:
Sixty villages (including the large settlement of Dilman, which was relocated and rebuilt as
110:
1076:
709:
1039:"Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) catastrohic earthquake of 16 September 1978; A preliminary report"
814:
657:
653:
618:
378:
354:
225:
1101:
2527:
688:
all state 2,514. The Utsu list also acknowledges other estimates of 1,360 and 3,000.
419:
992:
912:
2517:
792:
755:
697:
411:
875:
722:
398:
370:
349:
317:
197:
184:
1096:
Utsu, T. R. (2002), "A List of Deadly
Earthquakes in the World: 1500–2000",
705:
366:
333:
1140:
918:
784:
1989:
855:
776:
747:
701:
638:
630:
626:
423:
382:
1627:
788:
741:
A post-earthquake survey of the land was undertaken by seismologists
730:
726:
714:
642:
622:
402:
345:
338:
239:
772:
681:
406:
374:
1098:
International
Handbook of Earthquake & Engineering Seismology
914:
Earthquakes and
Coseismic Surface Faulting on the Iranian Plateau
646:
377:
are extremely isolated with villages that are spread far apart.
235:
1993:
1631:
1144:
857:
ISC-GEM Global
Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009)
917:, Developments in Earth Surface Processes (1st ed.),
1126:
664:
lists 1,360 fatalities for the event, while the
Belgian
320:, which was among Iran's largest, measured 7.1 on the
2501:
1615:
indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
1337:(8.2 & 7.7 & 7.0, June 3 & 18 & 22)
721:
foreshock was also not strongly felt to the east of
666:
Centre for
Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters
2223:
2027:
1741:
1665:
1573:
1542:
1478:
1441:
1377:
1325:
1246:
1176:
621:faulting, and was felt over a very wide area, from
290:
274:
266:
245:
231:
221:
213:
176:
168:
152:
144:
129:
116:
103:
92:
1024:
947:
673:
607:
669:
393:A relatively strong foreshock occurred at about
1620:indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year
750:. Other effects included disturbed stream and
80:
2005:
1643:
1156:
1081:"The Salmas (Iran) earthquake of May 6, 1930"
1020:
1018:
943:
941:
939:
937:
305:
8:
21:
983:
981:
979:
958:
956:
2012:
1998:
1990:
1650:
1636:
1628:
1163:
1149:
1141:
357:and other ground effects were documented.
20:
849:
847:
845:
717:and moved to a new location to the west.
158:
433:
385:that is the highest peak in the region.
2508:
1100:, Part A, Volume 81A (First ed.),
841:
791:) also experienced major destruction.
281:
7:
685:
394:
2554:History of West Azerbaijan province
1127:International Seismological Centre
862:International Seismological Centre
14:
1027:, pp. 161, 172–186, 209, 210
2511:
994:A History of Persian Earthquakes
662:National Geophysical Data Center
79:
65:
51:
37:
30:
16:Magnitude 7.1 earthquake in Iran
971:United States Geological Survey
617:The earthquake was a result of
246:
66:
1799:1968 Dasht-e Bayaz and Ferdows
1025:Tchalenko & Berberian 1974
948:Tchalenko & Berberian 1974
758:fluctuations, and landslides.
674:Tchalenko & Berberian 1974
608:Tchalenko & Berberian 1974
52:
38:
1:
830:List of earthquakes in Turkey
670:Ambraseys & Melville 2005
2491:2023 Gaziantep–Kahramanmaraş
2296:1944 Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik
966:PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog
684:loss estimate database, and
825:List of earthquakes in Iran
820:List of earthquakes in 1930
2585:
2251:1935 Erdek–Marmara Islands
999:Cambridge University Press
963:USGS (September 4, 2009),
884:The Geology of Earthquakes
1974:2022–2023 West Azerbaijan
1610:
991:; Melville, C.P. (2005).
725:(and to the southwest of
605:
172:15 km (9.3 mi)
26:
2564:1930 disasters in Turkey
1171:Earthquakes in the 1930s
1052:(4): 212, archived from
310:West Azerbaijan Province
1754:1923 Torbat-e Heydarieh
950:, pp. 151–155, 159
888:Oxford University Press
729:) where the village of
2569:1930 disasters in Iran
2376:1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye
1037:Berberian, M. (1979),
911:Berberian, M. (2014),
668:' EM-DAT database and
322:moment magnitude scale
306:May 7 at 01:34:26 IRST
302:1930 Salmas earthquake
22:1930 Salmas earthquake
2281:1943 Adapazarı–Hendek
2021:Earthquakes in Turkey
1488:Erdek–Marmara Islands
969:, Version 2008_06.1,
133:May 7, 1930
2549:20th century in Iran
1979:2024 Razavi Khorasan
1954:2019 East Azerbaijan
1914:2012 East Azerbaijan
2534:Earthquakes in Iran
2115:1668 North Anatolia
2095:1509 Constantinople
1949:2018 Sarpol-e Zahab
1659:Earthquakes in Iran
1085:Annali di Geofisica
1001:. pp. 80, 81.
656:motion, along with
610:, pp. 204, 206
436:
294:1,360–3,000 killed
194: /
99:1930-05-06 22:34:26
23:
2195:1899 Aydın–Denizli
2070:557 Constantinople
2055:447 Constantinople
1844:1990 Manjil–Rudbar
1453:(8.0, January 15)
1135:authoritative data
637:in the north, and
434:
326:Mercalli intensity
324:and had a maximum
285:May 6 at 07:03:26
2499:
2498:
2406:1998 Adana–Ceyhan
2321:1953 Yenice–Gönen
2276:1942 Niksar–Erbaa
2105:1598 Amasya–Çorum
1987:
1986:
1864:2002 Bou'in-Zahra
1625:
1624:
1111:978-0-12-440652-0
1075:Tchalenko, J.S.;
1008:978-0-521-02187-6
928:978-0-444-63292-0
897:978-0-19-507827-5
805:Geography of Iran
769:meizoseismal area
672:both list 2,500.
615:
614:
611:
435:Aftershocks ≥ M5
401:and southeastern
298:
297:
2576:
2544:1930 earthquakes
2516:
2515:
2514:
2507:
2431:2004 Doğubayazıt
2301:1946 Varto–Hınıs
2291:1944 Bolu–Gerede
2286:1943 Tosya–Ladik
2014:
2007:
2000:
1991:
1909:2010 Hosseinabad
1652:
1645:
1638:
1629:
1494:Shinchiku-Taichū
1165:
1158:
1151:
1142:
1114:
1092:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1043:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1013:
1012:
985:
974:
973:
960:
951:
945:
932:
931:
908:
902:
901:
871:
865:
864:
851:
606:
437:
396:
307:
286:
283:
262:
260:
248:
209:
208:
206:
205:
204:
199:
195:
192:
191:
190:
187:
163:
140:
138:
83:
82:
69:
68:
55:
54:
41:
40:
34:
24:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2559:May 1930 events
2524:
2523:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2502:
2500:
2495:
2481:2020 Aegean Sea
2456:2017 Aegean Sea
2451:2014 Aegean Sea
2219:
2050:262 SW Anatolia
2023:
2018:
1988:
1983:
1944:2017 Kermanshah
1819:1977 Bob–Tangol
1737:
1661:
1656:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1606:
1569:
1538:
1474:
1471:(6.6, March 12)
1437:
1373:
1321:
1242:
1172:
1169:
1137:for this event.
1122:
1117:
1112:
1095:
1074:
1065:
1064:
1056:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1023:
1016:
1009:
989:Ambraseys, N.N.
987:
986:
977:
962:
961:
954:
946:
935:
929:
921:, p. 595,
910:
909:
905:
898:
890:. p. 479.
873:
872:
868:
860:, Version 2.0,
853:
852:
843:
838:
815:Iranian plateau
801:
764:
743:N. N. Ambraseys
739:
694:
601:
596:
591:
584:
579:
574:
567:
562:
557:
550:
545:
540:
533:
528:
523:
516:
511:
506:
499:
494:
489:
482:
477:
472:
465:
460:
455:
432:
391:
367:epicentral area
363:
278:
254:
252:
202:
200:
198:38.09°N 44.78°E
196:
193:
188:
185:
183:
181:
180:
162:
145:Local time
136:
134:
130:Local date
88:
87:
86:
85:
84:
76:
75:
74:
70:
62:
61:
60:
56:
48:
47:
46:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2582:
2580:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2316:1952 Hasankale
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2271:1941 Van–Erciş
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2200:1903 Manzikert
2197:
2192:
2190:1898 Balıkesir
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2145:1856 Heraklion
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1994:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1969:2022 Hormozgan
1966:
1964:2021 Hormozgan
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1899:July 2010 Iran
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1794:1958 Firuzabad
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1759:1929 Kopet Dag
1756:
1751:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1632:
1623:
1622:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:(7.8, Dec 27)
1595:
1589:
1585:(7.9, Jan 25)
1579:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1558:
1554:(7.3, Jul 26)
1548:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1514:(7.7, May 31)
1509:
1500:
1496:(7.1, Apr 21)
1491:
1484:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1429:
1420:
1416:(7.7, Jun 24)
1411:
1407:(6.4, Apr 23)
1402:
1398:(6.4, Mar 10)
1393:
1383:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1367:(7.6, Dec 25)
1362:
1359:Cedar Mountain
1356:
1352:(7.0 Sept 26)
1347:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1303:(7.9, Aug 10)
1298:
1292:
1286:
1282:(5.6, Mar 31)
1277:
1268:
1262:
1258:(7.8, Jan 15)
1252:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1231:
1227:(7.3, Nov 26)
1222:
1216:
1210:
1206:(6.6, July 3)
1201:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1121:
1120:External links
1118:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1102:Academic Press
1093:
1091:(1–2): 151–212
1071:
1063:
1062:
1029:
1014:
1007:
975:
952:
933:
927:
903:
896:
874:Yeats, R. S.;
866:
840:
839:
837:
834:
833:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
800:
797:
763:
760:
738:
737:Ground effects
735:
693:
690:
649:to the south.
613:
612:
603:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
586:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
569:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
552:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
535:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
518:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
501:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
484:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
467:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
450:
449:
446:
443:
431:
428:
390:
387:
362:
359:
332:). A damaging
296:
295:
292:
288:
287:
276:
272:
271:
268:
264:
263:
250:
243:
242:
233:
232:Areas affected
229:
228:
223:
219:
218:
215:
211:
210:
178:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
160:
154:
150:
149:
146:
142:
141:
131:
127:
126:
121:
114:
113:
108:
101:
100:
97:
90:
89:
78:
77:
72:
71:
64:
63:
58:
57:
50:
49:
44:
43:
36:
35:
29:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2581:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2519:
2509:
2505:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2461:2019 Istanbul
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2396:1992 Erzincan
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2356:1969 AlaĹźehir
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2311:1951 KurĹźunlu
2309:
2307:
2306:1949 Karlıova
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2266:1939 Erzincan
2264:
2262:
2261:1938 Kırşehir
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2231:1924 Pasinler
2229:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2185:1894 Istanbul
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2125:1766 Istanbul
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2015:
2010:
2008:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1934:2013 Borazjan
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1889:2006 Borujerd
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1789:1957 Farsinaj
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1774:1948 Ashgabat
1772:
1770:
1769:1947 Dustabad
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1749:1909 Borujerd
1747:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1683:1667 Shamakhi
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1641:
1639:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1563:(7.0, Aug 1)
1562:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1535:(7.7, Dec 28)
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1523:(6.2, Oct 19)
1522:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:(6.1, May 1)
1504:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1469:Hansel Valley
1467:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1434:(7.7, Nov 20)
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:(7.3 Aug 25)
1424:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:(8.4, Mar 2)
1388:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1361:(7.2, Dec 20)
1360:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1346:(6.4, June 6)
1345:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1318:(7.3, Sep 25)
1317:
1314:
1312:(6.5, Aug 16)
1311:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1297:(6.1, June 7)
1296:
1293:
1291:(6.5, Apr 27)
1290:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:(7.8, Feb 3)
1272:
1269:
1267:(7.6, Jan 28)
1266:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1236:(7.3, Dec 4)
1235:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1221:(5,8, Oct 30)
1220:
1217:
1215:(7.1, July 3)
1214:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:(7.1, May 6)
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:(7.5, May 5)
1187:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:Berberian, M.
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1059:on 2017-08-09
1055:
1051:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:
990:
984:
982:
980:
976:
972:
968:
967:
959:
957:
953:
949:
944:
942:
940:
938:
934:
930:
924:
920:
916:
915:
907:
904:
899:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
870:
867:
863:
859:
858:
850:
848:
846:
842:
835:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
798:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
761:
759:
757:
753:
749:
744:
736:
734:
732:
728:
724:
718:
716:
711:
707:
703:
699:
691:
689:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
609:
604:
598:
593:
588:
587:
581:
576:
571:
570:
564:
559:
554:
553:
547:
542:
537:
536:
530:
525:
520:
519:
513:
508:
503:
502:
496:
491:
486:
485:
479:
474:
469:
468:
462:
457:
452:
451:
447:
444:
442:
439:
438:
429:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
404:
400:
395:10:03:26 IRST
388:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
360:
358:
356:
351:
347:
342:
340:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
303:
293:
289:
284:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
258:
251:
244:
241:
237:
234:
230:
227:
224:
220:
217:Salmas Fault
216:
212:
207:
179:
175:
171:
167:
164:
155:
151:
148:01:34:26 IRST
147:
143:
132:
128:
125:
122:
120:
115:
112:
109:
106:
102:
98:
95:
91:
33:
25:
19:
2539:1930 in Iran
2441:2011 KĂĽtahya
2391:1986 Malatya
2381:1983 Erzurum
2346:1967 Mudurnu
2326:1957 Fethiye
2245:
2241:1929 SuĹźehri
2224:Contemporary
2215:1919 Ayvalık
2205:1912 MĂĽrefte
2180:1893 Malatya
2160:1872 Antioch
2150:1859 Erzurum
2130:1766 Marmara
2090:1269 Cilicia
2080:847 Damascus
1939:2014 Murmuri
1929:2013 Saravan
1924:2013 Bushehr
1904:2010 Damghan
1874:2004 Baladeh
1854:1997 Ardabil
1849:1997 Bojnurd
1829:1979 Ghaenat
1763:
1693:1679 Yerevan
1617:
1612:
1601:
1594:(7.0, May 1)
1586:
1564:
1555:
1529:(6.1, Nov 1)
1515:
1506:
1497:
1490:(7.4, Jan 4)
1465:(7.6, Mar 5)
1457:
1454:
1426:
1417:
1408:
1399:
1390:
1368:
1353:
1338:
1304:
1283:
1274:
1259:
1237:
1228:
1207:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1131:bibliography
1097:
1088:
1084:
1067:
1066:
1054:the original
1049:
1045:
1032:
993:
965:
913:
906:
883:
880:Allen, C. R.
869:
856:
854:ISC (2015),
765:
740:
719:
713:was renamed
710:M. Berberian
698:Kohneh Shahr
695:
619:oblique-slip
616:
440:
405:. Damage to
392:
364:
343:
329:
304:occurred on
301:
299:
256:
226:Oblique-slip
203:38.09; 44.78
18:
2476:2020 Bingöl
2466:2020 Elazığ
2436:2010 Elazığ
2426:2003 Bingöl
2366:1971 Bingöl
2351:1968 Bartın
2336:1964 Manyas
2246:1930 Salmas
2210:1914 Burdur
2155:1866 Bingöl
2120:1688 Smyrna
2110:1653 Smyrna
2100:1513 Marash
2085:1114 Marash
2075:840 Erzurum
2065:528 Antioch
2060:526 Antioch
2040:115 Antioch
2035:AD 17 Lydia
1879:2005 Zarand
1834:1981 Golbaf
1814:1977 Naghan
1809:1977 Khurgu
1784:1957 Alborz
1764:1930 Salmas
1733:1895 Quchan
1728:1893 Quchan
1723:1853 Shiraz
1713:1780 Tabriz
1708:1778 Kashan
1703:1727 Tabriz
1698:1721 Tabriz
1688:1641 Tabriz
1678:893 Ardabil
1673:856 Damghan
1527:Timiskaming
1271:Hawke's Bay
876:Sieh, K. E.
793:Shekar Yazi
762:Aftershocks
756:water table
654:strike-slip
448:Time (UTC)
412:Shekar Yazi
201: /
107: event
2528:Categories
2486:2022 DĂĽzce
2421:2002 Afyon
2416:1999 DĂĽzce
2411:1999 Ä°zmit
2401:1995 Dinar
2361:1970 Gediz
2341:1966 Varto
2331:1957 Abant
2256:1935 Digor
2175:1883 Çeşme
2170:1881 Chios
2165:1875 Dinar
2140:1855 Bursa
2135:1840 Ahora
2028:Historical
1919:2012 Zohan
1894:2008 Qeshm
1884:2005 Qeshm
1859:1997 Qayen
1839:1981 Sirch
1824:1978 Tabas
1779:1953 Torud
1718:1840 Ahora
1666:Historical
1432:Baffin Bay
1396:Long Beach
1219:Senigallia
836:References
723:Lake Urmia
430:Earthquake
399:Azerbaijan
371:Lake Urmia
350:aftershock
318:earthquake
291:Casualties
275:Foreshocks
267:Landslides
137:1930-05-07
96: time
2386:1983 Biga
2371:1975 Lice
2236:1926 Kars
2045:141 Lycia
1959:2020 Khoy
1295:North Sea
1280:Nicaragua
1265:Myitkyina
1225:North Izu
1046:Disasters
785:Mir 'Umar
706:Zaviehjuk
686:Utsu 2002
623:Leninakan
389:Foreshock
334:foreshock
249:intensity
177:Epicenter
153:Magnitude
2471:2020 Van
2446:2011 Van
1869:2003 Bam
1804:1972 Qir
1598:Erzincan
1463:Pahiatua
1350:Ierissos
1289:Zangezur
1079:(1974),
919:Elsevier
882:(1997).
799:See also
777:Chaliyan
658:dip-slip
600:22:05:59
583:07:28:08
566:17:14:59
549:09:48:23
532:21:43:33
515:23:38:22
498:15:35:28
481:15:05:28
464:05:29:32
355:faulting
255:MMI IX (
1583:Chillán
1552:Orizaba
1533:Sumatra
1414:Sumatra
1387:Sanriku
1365:Changma
1335:Jalisco
1316:Sumatra
1204:Irpinia
1133:and/or
1068:Sources
810:Hakkâri
781:Givaran
748:erosion
731:Mamaqan
702:Payajuk
651:Dextral
639:Baghdad
635:Georgia
631:Tbilisi
627:Armenia
424:Aslanik
416:Sheydan
383:volcano
379:Montane
361:Preface
330:Violent
328:of IX (
257:Violent
189:44°47′E
186:38°05′N
135: (
73:Baghdad
2504:Portal
1742:Modern
1521:Helena
1512:Quetta
1344:Eureka
1256:Oaxaca
1213:Dhubri
1195:Salmas
1129:has a
1108:
1005:
925:
894:
789:Ravyan
787:, and
754:flow,
752:spring
727:Tabriz
715:Salmas
692:Damage
676:, the
643:Kirkuk
578:June 4
561:May 29
544:May 23
527:May 10
420:Ashnak
403:Turkey
346:Salmas
339:Turkey
316:. The
240:Turkey
124:ComCat
111:907354
59:Kirkuk
45:Tabriz
1503:Digor
1451:Bihar
1423:Diexi
1310:Texas
1301:Fuyun
1057:(PDF)
1042:(PDF)
773:Qatur
682:PAGER
595:Aug 3
510:May 8
493:May 8
476:May 8
459:May 8
407:adobe
375:plain
214:Fault
169:Depth
117:USGS-
2518:Iran
1575:1939
1561:Heze
1544:1937
1480:1935
1443:1934
1379:1933
1327:1932
1248:1931
1186:Bago
1178:1930
1125:The
1106:ISBN
1003:ISBN
923:ISBN
892:ISBN
704:and
678:USGS
647:Iraq
641:and
629:and
590:5.25
573:5.25
539:5.25
488:6.25
445:Date
365:The
314:Iran
300:The
279:5.4
247:Max.
236:Iran
222:Type
156:7.1
119:ANSS
1592:Oga
1405:Kos
1234:Pyu
645:in
633:in
625:in
556:5.5
308:in
270:Yes
105:ISC
94:UTC
2530::
1602:†‡
1565:†‡
1516:†‡
1427:†‡
1354:†‡
1305:†‡
1199:†‡
1104:,
1089:27
1087:,
1083:,
1048:,
1044:,
1017:^
997:.
978:^
955:^
936:^
886:.
878:;
844:^
783:,
779:,
771:.
700:,
680:'
422:,
418:,
414:,
341:.
312:,
282:mb
238:,
2506::
2013:e
2006:t
1999:v
1651:e
1644:t
1637:v
1618:‡
1613:â€
1587:â€
1556:â€
1507:â€
1498:â€
1458:‡
1455:â€
1418:â€
1409:â€
1400:â€
1391:â€
1369:â€
1339:â€
1284:â€
1275:â€
1260:â€
1238:â€
1229:â€
1208:â€
1190:â€
1164:e
1157:t
1150:v
1050:2
1011:.
900:.
522:5
505:5
471:5
454:5
441:M
410:(
259:)
161:w
159:M
139:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.