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1930 Salmas earthquake

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vertical movement of the west-northwest trending fault was also seen, with even greater maximum displacements of 4–6 metres (13–20 ft), but the average vertical slip was about 1.2 metres (3 ft 11 in) throughout the extent of the observed surface faulting. They estimated that about 30 kilometres (19 mi) of visible fault breaks were present immediately following the shocks, but by the time they had completed their survey 45 years later about half of the surface features had succumbed to
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questioned the reliability of this figure. In smaller villages, survivors provided an accurate count of those lost because they remembered the victims by name, but in a village of 18,000, survivors were unable to grasp the extent of the losses. Only two homes remained standing there, and the village
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The villages in the mountains to the south, west, and north of the Salmas Plain were generally smaller, and accounted for about half of the total number of villages that were lost. The foreshock was not felt at Borusliqalan (the westernmost village that was destroyed) and the losses were high. The
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and C. P. Melville, but it was not completed until the mid 1970s. At that time, 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) of surface breaks with right-lateral offsets between 1–4 metres (3 ft 3 in â€“ 13 ft 1 in) were located between the villages of Shurgil and Kuhneh Shahr. Substantial
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homes was substantial. Roofs and walls collapsed and in some instances whole homes were demolished. Many of the villagers in the valley spent the following night outdoors and were spared during the main event, but in the mountainous villages where the shock was not felt as strongly
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occurred fifteen hours prior to the main event and served as a warning to the people that felt it strongly. Reports from seismologists and seismological organizations indicate that up to 3,000 fatalities may have occurred in northwest Iran and southeast
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sequence affected many villages, and in some cases, damage was inflicted on some that had escaped devastation during the mainshock. An inspection of the region was undertaken, but not until decades later, at which time substantial surface
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A series of strong and damaging aftershocks persisted for about three-and-a-half months. The largest in the sequence came on May 8. The event caused additional destruction to the northeast of the initial
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was a village in the southeast region that had not been seriously affected by the mainshock, but experienced heavy damage during the May 8 event. This shock resulted in four additional deaths.
708:) all the homes and all but one of the churches were destroyed. To the east of this area, the large village of Dilman reportedly had 1,100 casualties, but seismologists J. S. Tchalenko and 696:
Sixty villages and about 40 churches were destroyed in the southwest Salmas Plain and the surrounding mountainous regions. In the zone of heaviest damage (bounded by the villages of
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was completely destroyed and 85 people were killed. Other nearby villages went almost unscathed, with the differing amounts of damage being attributed to soil type.
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villagers sustained themselves primarily on wheat and cattle farming. To the west, near the Turkish border, lies Aravil Dagi, a
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on May 6 in the same area as the mainshock. This destructive event caused 25 fatalities and was felt as far as northwestern
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motion (normal faulting, northeast side down) occurred on a fault trending west-northwest. The United States'
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in the Salmas Plain covers 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi) and is positioned northwest of
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Sixty villages (including the large settlement of Dilman, which was relocated and rebuilt as
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all state 2,514. The Utsu list also acknowledges other estimates of 1,360 and 3,000.
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Utsu, T. R. (2002), "A List of Deadly Earthquakes in the World: 1500–2000",
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A post-earthquake survey of the land was undertaken by seismologists
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International Handbook of Earthquake & Engineering Seismology
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Earthquakes and Coseismic Surface Faulting on the Iranian Plateau
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are extremely isolated with villages that are spread far apart.
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ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009)
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lists 1,360 fatalities for the event, while the Belgian
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indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
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foreshock was also not strongly felt to the east of
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Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters
2223: 2027: 1741: 1665: 1573: 1542: 1478: 1441: 1377: 1325: 1246: 1176: 621:faulting, and was felt over a very wide area, from 290: 274: 266: 245: 231: 221: 213: 176: 168: 152: 144: 129: 116: 103: 92: 1024: 947: 673: 607: 669: 393:A relatively strong foreshock occurred at about 1620:indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year 750:. Other effects included disturbed stream and 80: 2005: 1643: 1156: 1081:"The Salmas (Iran) earthquake of May 6, 1930" 1020: 1018: 943: 941: 939: 937: 305: 8: 21: 983: 981: 979: 958: 956: 2012: 1998: 1990: 1650: 1636: 1628: 1163: 1149: 1141: 357:and other ground effects were documented. 20: 849: 847: 845: 717:and moved to a new location to the west. 158: 433: 385:that is the highest peak in the region. 2508: 1100:, Part A, Volume 81A (First ed.), 841: 791:) also experienced major destruction. 281: 7: 685: 394: 2554:History of West Azerbaijan province 1127:International Seismological Centre 862:International Seismological Centre 14: 1027:, pp. 161, 172–186, 209, 210 2511: 994:A History of Persian Earthquakes 662:National Geophysical Data Center 79: 65: 51: 37: 30: 16:Magnitude 7.1 earthquake in Iran 971:United States Geological Survey 617:The earthquake was a result of 246: 66: 1799:1968 Dasht-e Bayaz and Ferdows 1025:Tchalenko & Berberian 1974 948:Tchalenko & Berberian 1974 758:fluctuations, and landslides. 674:Tchalenko & Berberian 1974 608:Tchalenko & Berberian 1974 52: 38: 1: 830:List of earthquakes in Turkey 670:Ambraseys & Melville 2005 2491:2023 Gaziantep–KahramanmaraĹź 2296:1944 Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik 966:PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog 684:loss estimate database, and 825:List of earthquakes in Iran 820:List of earthquakes in 1930 2585: 2251:1935 Erdek–Marmara Islands 999:Cambridge University Press 963:USGS (September 4, 2009), 884:The Geology of Earthquakes 1974:2022–2023 West Azerbaijan 1610: 991:; Melville, C.P. (2005). 725:(and to the southwest of 605: 172:15 km (9.3 mi) 26: 2564:1930 disasters in Turkey 1171:Earthquakes in the 1930s 1052:(4): 212, archived from 310:West Azerbaijan Province 1754:1923 Torbat-e Heydarieh 950:, pp. 151–155, 159 888:Oxford University Press 729:) where the village of 2569:1930 disasters in Iran 2376:1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye 1037:Berberian, M. (1979), 911:Berberian, M. (2014), 668:' EM-DAT database and 322:moment magnitude scale 306:May 7 at 01:34:26 IRST 302:1930 Salmas earthquake 22:1930 Salmas earthquake 2281:1943 Adapazarı–Hendek 2021:Earthquakes in Turkey 1488:Erdek–Marmara Islands 969:, Version 2008_06.1, 133:May 7, 1930 2549:20th century in Iran 1979:2024 Razavi Khorasan 1954:2019 East Azerbaijan 1914:2012 East Azerbaijan 2534:Earthquakes in Iran 2115:1668 North Anatolia 2095:1509 Constantinople 1949:2018 Sarpol-e Zahab 1659:Earthquakes in Iran 1085:Annali di Geofisica 1001:. pp. 80, 81. 656:motion, along with 610:, pp. 204, 206 436: 294:1,360–3,000 killed 194: /  99:1930-05-06 22:34:26 23: 2195:1899 Aydın–Denizli 2070:557 Constantinople 2055:447 Constantinople 1844:1990 Manjil–Rudbar 1453:(8.0, January 15) 1135:authoritative data 637:in the north, and 434: 326:Mercalli intensity 324:and had a maximum 285:May 6 at 07:03:26 2499: 2498: 2406:1998 Adana–Ceyhan 2321:1953 Yenice–Gönen 2276:1942 Niksar–Erbaa 2105:1598 Amasya–Çorum 1987: 1986: 1864:2002 Bou'in-Zahra 1625: 1624: 1111:978-0-12-440652-0 1075:Tchalenko, J.S.; 1008:978-0-521-02187-6 928:978-0-444-63292-0 897:978-0-19-507827-5 805:Geography of Iran 769:meizoseismal area 672:both list 2,500. 615: 614: 611: 435:Aftershocks ≥ M5 401:and southeastern 298: 297: 2576: 2544:1930 earthquakes 2516: 2515: 2514: 2507: 2431:2004 DoÄźubayazıt 2301:1946 Varto–Hınıs 2291:1944 Bolu–Gerede 2286:1943 Tosya–Ladik 2014: 2007: 2000: 1991: 1909:2010 Hosseinabad 1652: 1645: 1638: 1629: 1494:Shinchiku-TaichĹ« 1165: 1158: 1151: 1142: 1114: 1092: 1061: 1060: 1058: 1043: 1034: 1028: 1022: 1013: 1012: 985: 974: 973: 960: 951: 945: 932: 931: 908: 902: 901: 871: 865: 864: 851: 606: 437: 396: 307: 286: 283: 262: 260: 248: 209: 208: 206: 205: 204: 199: 195: 192: 191: 190: 187: 163: 140: 138: 83: 82: 69: 68: 55: 54: 41: 40: 34: 24: 2584: 2583: 2579: 2578: 2577: 2575: 2574: 2573: 2559:May 1930 events 2524: 2523: 2522: 2512: 2510: 2502: 2500: 2495: 2481:2020 Aegean Sea 2456:2017 Aegean Sea 2451:2014 Aegean Sea 2219: 2050:262 SW Anatolia 2023: 2018: 1988: 1983: 1944:2017 Kermanshah 1819:1977 Bob–Tangol 1737: 1661: 1656: 1626: 1621: 1616: 1606: 1569: 1538: 1474: 1471:(6.6, March 12) 1437: 1373: 1321: 1242: 1172: 1169: 1137:for this event. 1122: 1117: 1112: 1095: 1074: 1065: 1064: 1056: 1041: 1036: 1035: 1031: 1023: 1016: 1009: 989:Ambraseys, N.N. 987: 986: 977: 962: 961: 954: 946: 935: 929: 921:, p. 595, 910: 909: 905: 898: 890:. p. 479. 873: 872: 868: 860:, Version 2.0, 853: 852: 843: 838: 815:Iranian plateau 801: 764: 743:N. N. Ambraseys 739: 694: 601: 596: 591: 584: 579: 574: 567: 562: 557: 550: 545: 540: 533: 528: 523: 516: 511: 506: 499: 494: 489: 482: 477: 472: 465: 460: 455: 432: 391: 367:epicentral area 363: 278: 254: 252: 202: 200: 198:38.09°N 44.78°E 196: 193: 188: 185: 183: 181: 180: 162: 145:Local time 136: 134: 130:Local date 88: 87: 86: 85: 84: 76: 75: 74: 70: 62: 61: 60: 56: 48: 47: 46: 42: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2582: 2580: 2572: 2571: 2566: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2526: 2525: 2521: 2520: 2497: 2496: 2494: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2316:1952 Hasankale 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2271:1941 Van–ErciĹź 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2227: 2225: 2221: 2220: 2218: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2200:1903 Manzikert 2197: 2192: 2190:1898 Balıkesir 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2145:1856 Heraklion 2142: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2117: 2112: 2107: 2102: 2097: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2031: 2029: 2025: 2024: 2019: 2017: 2016: 2009: 2002: 1994: 1985: 1984: 1982: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1969:2022 Hormozgan 1966: 1964:2021 Hormozgan 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1899:July 2010 Iran 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1794:1958 Firuzabad 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1759:1929 Kopet Dag 1756: 1751: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1738: 1736: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1669: 1667: 1663: 1662: 1657: 1655: 1654: 1647: 1640: 1632: 1623: 1622: 1611: 1608: 1607: 1605: 1604: 1600:(7.8, Dec 27) 1595: 1589: 1585:(7.9, Jan 25) 1579: 1577: 1571: 1570: 1568: 1567: 1558: 1554:(7.3, Jul 26) 1548: 1546: 1540: 1539: 1537: 1536: 1530: 1524: 1518: 1514:(7.7, May 31) 1509: 1500: 1496:(7.1, Apr 21) 1491: 1484: 1482: 1476: 1475: 1473: 1472: 1466: 1460: 1447: 1445: 1439: 1438: 1436: 1435: 1429: 1420: 1416:(7.7, Jun 24) 1411: 1407:(6.4, Apr 23) 1402: 1398:(6.4, Mar 10) 1393: 1383: 1381: 1375: 1374: 1372: 1371: 1367:(7.6, Dec 25) 1362: 1359:Cedar Mountain 1356: 1352:(7.0 Sept 26) 1347: 1341: 1331: 1329: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1319: 1313: 1307: 1303:(7.9, Aug 10) 1298: 1292: 1286: 1282:(5.6, Mar 31) 1277: 1268: 1262: 1258:(7.8, Jan 15) 1252: 1250: 1244: 1243: 1241: 1240: 1231: 1227:(7.3, Nov 26) 1222: 1216: 1210: 1206:(6.6, July 3) 1201: 1192: 1182: 1180: 1174: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1167: 1160: 1153: 1145: 1139: 1138: 1121: 1120:External links 1118: 1116: 1115: 1110: 1102:Academic Press 1093: 1091:(1–2): 151–212 1071: 1063: 1062: 1029: 1014: 1007: 975: 952: 933: 927: 903: 896: 874:Yeats, R. S.; 866: 840: 839: 837: 834: 833: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 800: 797: 763: 760: 738: 737:Ground effects 735: 693: 690: 649:to the south. 613: 612: 603: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 586: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 569: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 552: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 535: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 518: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507: 504: 501: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 484: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 467: 466: 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 450: 449: 446: 443: 431: 428: 390: 387: 362: 359: 332:). A damaging 296: 295: 292: 288: 287: 276: 272: 271: 268: 264: 263: 250: 243: 242: 233: 232:Areas affected 229: 228: 223: 219: 218: 215: 211: 210: 178: 174: 173: 170: 166: 165: 160: 154: 150: 149: 146: 142: 141: 131: 127: 126: 121: 114: 113: 108: 101: 100: 97: 90: 89: 78: 77: 72: 71: 64: 63: 58: 57: 50: 49: 44: 43: 36: 35: 29: 28: 27: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2581: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2531: 2529: 2519: 2509: 2505: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2461:2019 Istanbul 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2396:1992 Erzincan 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2356:1969 AlaĹźehir 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2311:1951 KurĹźunlu 2309: 2307: 2306:1949 Karlıova 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2266:1939 Erzincan 2264: 2262: 2261:1938 KırĹźehir 2259: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2231:1924 Pasinler 2229: 2228: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2185:1894 Istanbul 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2131: 2128: 2126: 2125:1766 Istanbul 2123: 2121: 2118: 2116: 2113: 2111: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2032: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2015: 2010: 2008: 2003: 2001: 1996: 1995: 1992: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1934:2013 Borazjan 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1889:2006 Borujerd 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1789:1957 Farsinaj 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1774:1948 Ashgabat 1772: 1770: 1769:1947 Dustabad 1767: 1765: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1749:1909 Borujerd 1747: 1746: 1744: 1740: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1683:1667 Shamakhi 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1653: 1648: 1646: 1641: 1639: 1634: 1633: 1630: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1603: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1584: 1581: 1580: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1566: 1563:(7.0, Aug 1) 1562: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1550: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1535:(7.7, Dec 28) 1534: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1523:(6.2, Oct 19) 1522: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505:(6.1, May 1) 1504: 1501: 1499: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1485: 1483: 1481: 1477: 1470: 1469:Hansel Valley 1467: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1434:(7.7, Nov 20) 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425:(7.3 Aug 25) 1424: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389:(8.4, Mar 2) 1388: 1385: 1384: 1382: 1380: 1376: 1370: 1366: 1363: 1361:(7.2, Dec 20) 1360: 1357: 1355: 1351: 1348: 1346:(6.4, June 6) 1345: 1342: 1340: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1330: 1328: 1324: 1318:(7.3, Sep 25) 1317: 1314: 1312:(6.5, Aug 16) 1311: 1308: 1306: 1302: 1299: 1297:(6.1, June 7) 1296: 1293: 1291:(6.5, Apr 27) 1290: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273:(7.8, Feb 3) 1272: 1269: 1267:(7.6, Jan 28) 1266: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1254: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1239: 1236:(7.3, Dec 4) 1235: 1232: 1230: 1226: 1223: 1221:(5,8, Oct 30) 1220: 1217: 1215:(7.1, July 3) 1214: 1211: 1209: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197:(7.1, May 6) 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188:(7.5, May 5) 1187: 1184: 1183: 1181: 1179: 1175: 1166: 1161: 1159: 1154: 1152: 1147: 1146: 1143: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1123: 1119: 1113: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1077:Berberian, M. 1073: 1072: 1070: 1069: 1059:on 2017-08-09 1055: 1051: 1047: 1040: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1021: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1004: 1000: 996: 995: 990: 984: 982: 980: 976: 972: 968: 967: 959: 957: 953: 949: 944: 942: 940: 938: 934: 930: 924: 920: 916: 915: 907: 904: 899: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 870: 867: 863: 859: 858: 850: 848: 846: 842: 835: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 802: 798: 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 761: 759: 757: 753: 749: 744: 736: 734: 732: 728: 724: 718: 716: 711: 707: 703: 699: 691: 689: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 609: 604: 598: 593: 588: 587: 581: 576: 571: 570: 564: 559: 554: 553: 547: 542: 537: 536: 530: 525: 520: 519: 513: 508: 503: 502: 496: 491: 486: 485: 479: 474: 469: 468: 462: 457: 452: 451: 447: 444: 442: 439: 438: 429: 427: 425: 421: 417: 413: 408: 404: 400: 395:10:03:26 IRST 388: 386: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 360: 358: 356: 351: 347: 342: 340: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 303: 293: 289: 284: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 258: 251: 244: 241: 237: 234: 230: 227: 224: 220: 217:Salmas Fault 216: 212: 207: 179: 175: 171: 167: 164: 155: 151: 148:01:34:26 IRST 147: 143: 132: 128: 125: 122: 120: 115: 112: 109: 106: 102: 98: 95: 91: 33: 25: 19: 2539:1930 in Iran 2441:2011 KĂĽtahya 2391:1986 Malatya 2381:1983 Erzurum 2346:1967 Mudurnu 2326:1957 Fethiye 2245: 2241:1929 SuĹźehri 2224:Contemporary 2215:1919 Ayvalık 2205:1912 MĂĽrefte 2180:1893 Malatya 2160:1872 Antioch 2150:1859 Erzurum 2130:1766 Marmara 2090:1269 Cilicia 2080:847 Damascus 1939:2014 Murmuri 1929:2013 Saravan 1924:2013 Bushehr 1904:2010 Damghan 1874:2004 Baladeh 1854:1997 Ardabil 1849:1997 Bojnurd 1829:1979 Ghaenat 1763: 1693:1679 Yerevan 1617: 1612: 1601: 1594:(7.0, May 1) 1586: 1564: 1555: 1529:(6.1, Nov 1) 1515: 1506: 1497: 1490:(7.4, Jan 4) 1465:(7.6, Mar 5) 1457: 1454: 1426: 1417: 1408: 1399: 1390: 1368: 1353: 1338: 1304: 1283: 1274: 1259: 1237: 1228: 1207: 1198: 1194: 1189: 1131:bibliography 1097: 1088: 1084: 1067: 1066: 1054:the original 1049: 1045: 1032: 993: 965: 913: 906: 883: 880:Allen, C. R. 869: 856: 854:ISC (2015), 765: 740: 719: 713:was renamed 710:M. Berberian 698:Kohneh Shahr 695: 619:oblique-slip 616: 440: 405:. Damage to 392: 364: 343: 329: 304:occurred on 301: 299: 256: 226:Oblique-slip 203:38.09; 44.78 18: 2476:2020 Bingöl 2466:2020 Elazığ 2436:2010 Elazığ 2426:2003 Bingöl 2366:1971 Bingöl 2351:1968 Bartın 2336:1964 Manyas 2246:1930 Salmas 2210:1914 Burdur 2155:1866 Bingöl 2120:1688 Smyrna 2110:1653 Smyrna 2100:1513 Marash 2085:1114 Marash 2075:840 Erzurum 2065:528 Antioch 2060:526 Antioch 2040:115 Antioch 2035:AD 17 Lydia 1879:2005 Zarand 1834:1981 Golbaf 1814:1977 Naghan 1809:1977 Khurgu 1784:1957 Alborz 1764:1930 Salmas 1733:1895 Quchan 1728:1893 Quchan 1723:1853 Shiraz 1713:1780 Tabriz 1708:1778 Kashan 1703:1727 Tabriz 1698:1721 Tabriz 1688:1641 Tabriz 1678:893 Ardabil 1673:856 Damghan 1527:Timiskaming 1271:Hawke's Bay 876:Sieh, K. E. 793:Shekar Yazi 762:Aftershocks 756:water table 654:strike-slip 448:Time (UTC) 412:Shekar Yazi 201: / 107: event 2528:Categories 2486:2022 DĂĽzce 2421:2002 Afyon 2416:1999 DĂĽzce 2411:1999 Ä°zmit 2401:1995 Dinar 2361:1970 Gediz 2341:1966 Varto 2331:1957 Abant 2256:1935 Digor 2175:1883 ÇeĹźme 2170:1881 Chios 2165:1875 Dinar 2140:1855 Bursa 2135:1840 Ahora 2028:Historical 1919:2012 Zohan 1894:2008 Qeshm 1884:2005 Qeshm 1859:1997 Qayen 1839:1981 Sirch 1824:1978 Tabas 1779:1953 Torud 1718:1840 Ahora 1666:Historical 1432:Baffin Bay 1396:Long Beach 1219:Senigallia 836:References 723:Lake Urmia 430:Earthquake 399:Azerbaijan 371:Lake Urmia 350:aftershock 318:earthquake 291:Casualties 275:Foreshocks 267:Landslides 137:1930-05-07 96: time 2386:1983 Biga 2371:1975 Lice 2236:1926 Kars 2045:141 Lycia 1959:2020 Khoy 1295:North Sea 1280:Nicaragua 1265:Myitkyina 1225:North Izu 1046:Disasters 785:Mir 'Umar 706:Zaviehjuk 686:Utsu 2002 623:Leninakan 389:Foreshock 334:foreshock 249:intensity 177:Epicenter 153:Magnitude 2471:2020 Van 2446:2011 Van 1869:2003 Bam 1804:1972 Qir 1598:Erzincan 1463:Pahiatua 1350:Ierissos 1289:Zangezur 1079:(1974), 919:Elsevier 882:(1997). 799:See also 777:Chaliyan 658:dip-slip 600:22:05:59 583:07:28:08 566:17:14:59 549:09:48:23 532:21:43:33 515:23:38:22 498:15:35:28 481:15:05:28 464:05:29:32 355:faulting 255:MMI IX ( 1583:Chillán 1552:Orizaba 1533:Sumatra 1414:Sumatra 1387:Sanriku 1365:Changma 1335:Jalisco 1316:Sumatra 1204:Irpinia 1133:and/or 1068:Sources 810:Hakkâri 781:Givaran 748:erosion 731:Mamaqan 702:Payajuk 651:Dextral 639:Baghdad 635:Georgia 631:Tbilisi 627:Armenia 424:Aslanik 416:Sheydan 383:volcano 379:Montane 361:Preface 330:Violent 328:of IX ( 257:Violent 189:44°47′E 186:38°05′N 135: ( 73:Baghdad 2504:Portal 1742:Modern 1521:Helena 1512:Quetta 1344:Eureka 1256:Oaxaca 1213:Dhubri 1195:Salmas 1129:has a 1108:  1005:  925:  894:  789:Ravyan 787:, and 754:flow, 752:spring 727:Tabriz 715:Salmas 692:Damage 676:, the 643:Kirkuk 578:June 4 561:May 29 544:May 23 527:May 10 420:Ashnak 403:Turkey 346:Salmas 339:Turkey 316:. The 240:Turkey 124:ComCat 111:907354 59:Kirkuk 45:Tabriz 1503:Digor 1451:Bihar 1423:Diexi 1310:Texas 1301:Fuyun 1057:(PDF) 1042:(PDF) 773:Qatur 682:PAGER 595:Aug 3 510:May 8 493:May 8 476:May 8 459:May 8 407:adobe 375:plain 214:Fault 169:Depth 117:USGS- 2518:Iran 1575:1939 1561:Heze 1544:1937 1480:1935 1443:1934 1379:1933 1327:1932 1248:1931 1186:Bago 1178:1930 1125:The 1106:ISBN 1003:ISBN 923:ISBN 892:ISBN 704:and 678:USGS 647:Iraq 641:and 629:and 590:5.25 573:5.25 539:5.25 488:6.25 445:Date 365:The 314:Iran 300:The 279:5.4 247:Max. 236:Iran 222:Type 156:7.1 119:ANSS 1592:Oga 1405:Kos 1234:Pyu 645:in 633:in 625:in 556:5.5 308:in 270:Yes 105:ISC 94:UTC 2530:: 1602:†‡ 1565:†‡ 1516:†‡ 1427:†‡ 1354:†‡ 1305:†‡ 1199:†‡ 1104:, 1089:27 1087:, 1083:, 1048:, 1044:, 1017:^ 997:. 978:^ 955:^ 936:^ 886:. 878:; 844:^ 783:, 779:, 771:. 700:, 680:' 422:, 418:, 414:, 341:. 312:, 282:mb 238:, 2506:: 2013:e 2006:t 1999:v 1651:e 1644:t 1637:v 1618:‡ 1613:† 1587:† 1556:† 1507:† 1498:† 1458:‡ 1455:† 1418:† 1409:† 1400:† 1391:† 1369:† 1339:† 1284:† 1275:† 1260:† 1238:† 1229:† 1208:† 1190:† 1164:e 1157:t 1150:v 1050:2 1011:. 900:. 522:5 505:5 471:5 454:5 441:M 410:( 259:) 161:w 159:M 139:)

Index

1930 Salmas earthquake is located in Iran
UTC
ISC
907354
ANSS
ComCat
Mw
38°05′N 44°47′E / 38.09°N 44.78°E / 38.09; 44.78
Oblique-slip
Iran
Turkey
MMI IX (Violent)
mb
West Azerbaijan Province
Iran
earthquake
moment magnitude scale
Mercalli intensity
foreshock
Turkey
Salmas
aftershock
faulting
epicentral area
Lake Urmia
plain
Montane
volcano
Azerbaijan
Turkey

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