1863:
1852:
900:
Krijgsman, W.; Garcés, M.; Langereis, C. G.; Daams, R.; Van Dam, J.; Van Der Meulen, A. J.; Agustí, J.; Cabrera, L. (1996). "A new chronology for the middle to late
Miocene continental record in Spain".
1232:
1225:
1116:
591:
524:
1896:
1077:
1218:
1901:
1003:
1088:
1109:
1241:
580:
738:
486:
1906:
1514:
1509:
1102:
837:
The top of the
Burdigalian (the base of the Langhian) is defined by the first appearance of foram species
681:
654:
1082:
552:
1886:
1064:
910:
768:
625:
1845:
783:, the Burdigalian was the first and longest warming period of the Miocene and is succeeded by the
714:
1153:
957:
780:
760:
375:
1862:
981:
812:
729:
1643:
1607:
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1540:
1435:
1404:
1373:
862:
661:
1856:
1675:
1545:
1440:
1409:
1091:
at the website of the
Norwegian network of offshore records of geology and stratigraphy
1880:
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1399:
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1007:
658:
354:
36:
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1085:, at the website of the subcommission for stratigraphic information of the ICS
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299:
81:
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1325:
1314:
1178:
1173:
1001:
Edward Petuch, Ph.D. Florida
Atlantic University, Department of Geosciences.
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772:
507:
319:
277:
91:
66:
1813:
1696:
1330:
808:
953:
811:. The Burdigalian Stage was introduced in scientific literature by
819:
800:
776:
742:
733:
1094:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1040:
Note sur la classification et le parallélisme du Système miocène
841:
and is also coeval with the top of magnetic chronozone C5Cn.1n.
831:
30:
1214:
1098:
114:
818:
The base of the
Burdigalian is at the first appearance of
779:
and 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago). Preceded by the
1812:
1776:
1736:
1705:
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1621:
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107:
21:
938:"Neogene Expansion of the North American Prairie"
834:for the Burdigalian had not yet been assigned.
1042:, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France
872:Possible human evolutionary ancestors such as
1226:
1110:
8:
1053:Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G.
523:Subdivision of the Neogene according to the
1671:
1463:
1358:
1258:
1233:
1219:
1211:
1134:
1117:
1103:
1095:
775:. It spans the time between 20.43 ± 0.05
724:Upper boundary GSSP candidate section(s)
677:Lower boundary GSSP candidate section(s)
892:
18:
530:Vertical axis: millions of years ago.
7:
697:Upper boundary definition candidates
648:Lower boundary definition candidates
495:
475:
1832:= kiloannum (thousands years ago);
903:Earth and Planetary Science Letters
878:evolved during this time interval.
1836:= megaannum (millions years ago);
14:
1840:= gigaannum (billions years ago).
1861:
1850:
795:The name Burdigalian comes from
1004:"FAU Department of Geosciences"
1078:GeoWhen Database - Burdigalian
830:C6An. As of 2016, an official
702:Near top of magnetic polarity
666:Near top of magnetic polarity
1:
1897:Burdigalian first appearances
1279:Pleistocene (11.7 ka–2.58 Ma)
824:Globigerinoides altiaperturus
747:Astronomically tuned ODP-core
662:Globigerinoides altiaperturus
923:10.1016/0012-821X(96)00109-4
1242:Geological history of Earth
1923:
1515:Mississippian (323–359 Ma)
1510:Pennsylvanian (299–323 Ma)
1274:Holocene (present–11.7 ka)
1061:A Geologic Time Scale 2004
1827:
1799:Paleoarchean (3.2–3.6 Ga)
1649:Terreneuvian (521–539 Ma)
1132:
936:Retallack, G. J. (1997).
689:Upper boundary definition
640:Lower boundary definition
520:
487:Messinian salinity crisis
112:
26:
1794:Mesoarchean (2.8–3.2 Ga)
1639:Miaolingian (497–509 Ma)
1484:Guadalupian (260–272 Ma)
1336:Paleocene (56.0–66.0 Ma)
1326:Oligocene (23.0–33.9 Ma)
826:and the top of magnetic
791:Stratigraphic definition
711:Planktonic Foraminiferan
659:Planktonic Foraminiferan
16:Age in the early Miocene
1789:Neoarchean (2.5–2.8 Ga)
1754:Orosirian (1.8–2.05 Ga)
1749:Statherian (1.6–1.8 Ga)
1692:Cryogenian (635–720 Ma)
1582:Llandovery (433–444 Ma)
1489:Cisuralian (272–299 Ma)
1300:Pliocene (2.59–5.33 Ma)
915:1996E&PSL.142..367K
853:localities include the
1759:Rhyacian (2.05–2.3 Ga)
1728:Calymmian (1.4–1.6 Ga)
1687:Ediacaran (539–635 Ma)
1634:Furongian (485–497 Ma)
1479:Lopingian (252–260 Ma)
1305:Miocene (5.33–23.0 Ma)
839:Praeorbulina glomerosa
715:Praeorbulina glomerosa
190:−10 —
180:−12 —
170:−14 —
160:−16 —
150:−18 —
140:−20 —
130:−22 —
120:−24 —
1902:Miocene geochronology
1764:Siderian (2.3–2.5 Ga)
1723:Ectasian (1.2–1.4 Ga)
1644:Series 2 (509–521 Ma)
1331:Eocene (33.9–56.0 Ma)
1046:, p. CXLV-CLVI.
982:"ICS Timescale Chart"
803:name for the city of
680:Astronomically tuned
230:−2 —
220:−4 —
210:−6 —
200:−8 —
1804:Eoarchean (3.6–4 Ga)
1697:Tonian (720 Ma–1 Ga)
1577:Wenlock (427–433 Ma)
1567:Pridoli (419–423 Ma)
1065:Cambridge University
989:www.stratigraphy.org
692:Not formally defined
643:Not formally defined
1859: •
1848: •
1846:Geologic time scale
1608:Middle (458–470 Ma)
1572:Ludlow (423–427 Ma)
1541:Middle (383–393 Ma)
1436:Middle (237–247 Ma)
1405:Middle (164–174 Ma)
849:Famous Burdigalian
632:Time span formality
1857:Geology portal
1718:Stenian (1–1.2 Ga)
1613:Early (470–485 Ma)
1546:Early (393–419 Ma)
1441:Early (247–252 Ma)
1410:Early (174–201 Ma)
1379:Early (100–145 Ma)
1374:Late (66.0–100 Ma)
761:geologic timescale
622:Stratigraphic unit
612:Chronological unit
599:Time scale(s) used
1874:
1873:
1772:
1771:
1738:Paleoproterozoic
1657:
1656:
1603:Late (444–458 Ma)
1536:Late (359–383 Ma)
1449:
1448:
1431:Late (201–237 Ma)
1400:Late (145–164 Ma)
1344:
1343:
1265:(present–2.58 Ma)
1253:(present–66.0 Ma)
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1089:Neogene timescale
1083:Neogene timescale
855:Turritellenplatte
753:
752:
572:Usage information
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493:
1914:
1868:World portal
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1707:Mesoproterozoic
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1015:
1006:. Archived from
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992:
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978:
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971:
969:
968:
933:
927:
926:
909:(3–4): 367–380.
897:
875:Victoriapithecus
739:St. Peter's Pool
709:Near FAD of the
542:Formerly part of
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29:20.44 – 15.97
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1907:Geological ages
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1677:
1676:Neoproterozoic
1666:(539 Ma–2.5 Ga)
1665:
1664:
1663:Proterozoic Eon
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954:10.2307/3515337
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863:Dominican amber
857:of Ermingen in
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813:Charles Depéret
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506:North American
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1499:Carboniferous
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1320:
1317:(23.0–66.0 Ma)
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1291:(2.58–23.0 Ma)
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1144:Pliocene Epoch
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1130:
1129:
1126:Neogene Period
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1072:External links
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1021:
1020:
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948:(4): 380–390.
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851:palaeontologic
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602:ICS Time Scale
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587:Regional usage
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1680:
1678:(539 Ma–1 Ga)
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1455:Paleozoic Era
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1397:
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1380:
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1369:
1367:
1365:(66.0–145 Ma)
1360:
1357:
1355:
1353:(66.0–252 Ma)
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1139:Miocene Epoch
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1075:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1010:on 2010-06-20
1009:
1005:
998:
995:
990:
983:
977:
974:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
932:
929:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
896:
893:
886:
881:
879:
877:
876:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
844:
842:
840:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
790:
788:
786:
782:
778:
774:
771:in the early
770:
766:
762:
758:
746:
744:
740:
737:
735:
731:
728:
727:
726:
722:
717:
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712:
708:
705:
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699:
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691:
687:
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679:
675:
669:
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650:
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642:
638:
634:
630:
627:
624:
620:
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614:
610:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
582:
579:
575:
570:
566:
562:
557:
554:
550:
547:
544:
540:
528:
527:, as of 2021.
526:
519:
509:
503:
498:
497:
488:
483:
478:
477:
474:
450:
440:
431:
422:
413:
404:
395:
386:
377:
369:
360:
348:
333:
313:
302:
301:
292:
291:
270:
269:
256:
255:
234:
117:
116:
111:
106:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
32:
25:
20:
1842:
1778:Archean Eon
1740:(1.6–2.5 Ga)
1625:(485–539 Ma)
1594:(444–485 Ma)
1558:(419–444 Ma)
1527:(359–419 Ma)
1501:(299–359 Ma)
1470:(252–299 Ma)
1458:(252–539 Ma)
1422:(201–252 Ma)
1391:(145–201 Ma)
1350:Mesozoic Era
1250:Cenozoic Era
1169:Serravallian
1158:
1060:
1056:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1012:. Retrieved
1008:the original
997:
988:
976:
965:. Retrieved
945:
941:
931:
906:
902:
895:
873:
871:
865:deposits of
848:
845:Paleontology
838:
836:
823:
817:
796:
794:
756:
754:
713:
522:
403:Serravallian
384:
298:
276:
262:
238:
1887:Burdigalian
1814:Hadean Eon
1592:Ordovician
1363:Cretaceous
1263:Quaternary
1159:Burdigalian
1048:(in French)
1032:Depéret, C.
759:is, in the
757:Burdigalian
385:Burdigalian
22:Burdigalian
1881:Categories
1816:(4–4.6 Ga)
1780:(2.5–4 Ga)
1709:(1–1.6 Ga)
1315:Paleogene
1195:Piacenzian
1154:Aquitanian
1026:Literature
1014:2010-05-01
967:2008-02-11
882:References
867:Hispaniola
828:chronozone
781:Aquitanian
704:chronozone
668:chronozone
607:Definition
439:Piacenzian
376:Aquitanian
108:Chronology
1843:See also:
1623:Cambrian
1556:Silurian
1525:Devonian
1420:Triassic
1389:Jurassic
1179:Messinian
1174:Tortonian
887:Footnotes
815:in 1892.
797:Burdigala
730:La Vedova
559:Etymology
421:Messinian
412:Tortonian
1468:Permian
1289:Neogene
1190:Zanclean
1164:Langhian
861:and the
822:species
805:Bordeaux
785:Langhian
590:Global (
546:Tertiary
448:Gelasian
430:Zanclean
394:Langhian
367:Chattian
1892:Miocene
962:3515337
942:PALAIOS
911:Bibcode
859:Germany
773:Miocene
706:C5Cn.1n
657:of the
510:expands
508:prairie
500:←
480:←
225:–
215:–
205:–
195:–
185:–
175:–
165:–
155:–
145:–
135:–
125:–
98:↓
1822:
1067:Press.
960:
809:France
799:, the
635:Formal
567:Formal
553:System
549:Period
470:
465:
460:
455:
1044:3(20)
985:(PDF)
958:JSTOR
820:foram
801:Latin
769:stage
763:, an
743:Malta
734:Italy
684:-core
653:Near
626:Stage
581:Earth
1057:2004
1036:1892
832:GSSP
755:The
670:C6An
37:PreꞒ
950:doi
919:doi
907:142
767:or
765:age
682:ODP
655:FAD
616:Age
592:ICS
525:ICS
1883::
1838:Ga
1834:Ma
1830:ka
1063:,
1059::
1055:;
1038::
1034:;
987:.
956:.
946:12
944:.
940:.
917:.
905:.
869:.
807:,
787:.
777:Ma
741:,
732:,
347:o.
87:Pg
31:Ma
1234:e
1227:t
1220:v
1118:e
1111:t
1104:v
1017:.
991:.
970:.
952::
925:.
921::
913::
594:)
551:/
358:C
356:P
345:i
343:l
341:P
332:e
330:n
328:e
326:c
324:o
322:i
320:M
311:C
309:O
300:Q
290:e
288:n
286:e
284:g
282:o
280:e
278:N
267:g
265:P
254:c
252:i
250:o
248:z
246:o
244:n
242:e
240:C
92:N
82:K
77:J
72:T
67:P
62:C
57:D
52:S
47:O
42:Ꞓ
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