25:
334:
84:
990:
277:
and its cognates is uncertain, but several hypotheses have been put forward. On the basis of both semantics and historical phonology, the most plausible source appears to be unattested
307:
617:
996:
822:
1077:
784:
345:
In the 10th century, the word was commonly used to name mounts that had a phallic shape. An early evidence of its vulgarity stems from 974, when the
712:, Textos universitários de ciências sociais e humanas, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian : Junta Nacional de Investigação Científica e Tecnológica,
1170:
132:, but it is also used as an interjection expressing surprise, admiration, or dismay in both negative and positive senses in the same way as
1165:
241:
Records show that the word has been in use since the 10th century in
Portugal, appearing on the "poems of insult and mockery" in the
1131:
1112:
1050:
979:
960:
927:
908:
865:
846:
773:
754:
717:
698:
679:
660:
641:
68:
46:
728:
226:, a word with the same meaning, but attempts to link it to the same etymology fail on phonological grounds because the /r/ of
524:
828:
539:
1087:
742:
600:
764:
Camacho
Taboada, María Victoria; Rodríguez Toro, José Javier; Santana Marrero, Juana; López Morales, Humberto (2009),
376:
Pedro Burgalês, uses the word in reference to a woman named Maria Negra, who had a strong desire for the phallus:
803:
242:
238:) remains unexplained, and no Latin phonological sequence develops as both /x/ in Spanish and /tts/ in Italian.
586:, vol. 4, Secretariado de publicaciones e intercambio científico, Universidad de Murcia, 1988, p. 131
39:
33:
359:, a nearby mount, as having "a dishonest and indecorous name, although well-known by everyone". In 982, King
554:
1155:
50:
249:, the word became obscene and its original sense meaning the erect penis became less common. Nowadays,
1061:
1150:
457:
246:
121:
113:
766:
Estudios de lengua española: descripción, variación y uso : homenaje a
Humberto López Morales
1160:
346:
730:
V CONGRESO LATINOAMERICANO DE CIENCIAS DE LA COMUNICACIÓN – ALAIC 2000 - 26-29 de abril del 2000
153:, placed after adjectives and sometimes adverbs and nouns to mean "very much" or "lots of", and
1127:
1108:
1071:
1046:
975:
956:
923:
904:
861:
842:
795:
769:
750:
713:
694:
675:
656:
637:
360:
201:
192:
937:
González Pérez, R. (1991), "Umgangsprache in der
Iberoromania. Festschrift fur Heinz Kroll",
886:
745:(2012), "Trazos da Oralidade na Lingua Galega Medieval", in Juan Pedro Sánchez Méndez (ed.),
474:
208:
416:
217:
655:, vol. 1, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Departamento de Filoloxía Galega,
520:
955:, Studies in the language and literature of United States Hispanos, Editorial Bilingüe,
303:
333:
1144:
785:"Cu é lindo – o palavrão como recurso do erotismo na lírica contemporânea brasileira"
922:, Biblioteca de divulgación: Serie Galicia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela,
691:
Actes del IV Colloqui
Internacional de Llengua i Literatura Catalanes, Basilea 1976
278:
124:
word with a variety of meanings and uses. Literally, it is a noun referring to the
877:
Biografía de las palabras: sentido, origen y anécdota de muchos vocablos españoles
216:. However, cognates have not been identified in other Iberian languages including
1088:"A representação erótica do índio no poema Elixir do pajé, de Bernardo Guimarães"
1013:
Cantigas d'escarnho e de mal dizer: dos cancioneiros medievais galego-portugueses
338:
145:
256:
799:
636:, Biblioteca Miquel dels Sants Oliver, vol. 18, L'Abadia de Montserrat,
462:
412:
350:
118:
420:
373:
91:
689:
Bastardas, Joan (1977), "El Catalá Pre-Literari", in Germà Colón (ed.),
653:
Cinguidos por unha arela común: Homenaxe ó profesor Xesús Alonso
Montero
372:
A vulgar
Galician-language poem from the mid-13th century, by Castilian
319:
Etymologist
Christian Schmitt proposed that the etymon is Ancient Greek
1045:, Colección Lingüística, vol. 3 (2ª ed.), Colegio de España,
423:) who is kidnapped and locked for life by a damsel he once dishonored:
260:
176:
468:
294:
263:. The word is also used in the abbreviation form of "crl" and "krl".
95:
1105:
Trovadores e jograis: introdução à poesia medieval galego-portuguesa
83:
332:
125:
82:
693:, Biblioteca "Abat Oliba", vol. 11, L'Abadia de Montserrat,
995:, Colecção Biblioteca Breve, vol. 84, ICALP, archived from
972:
A sátira e o engenho: Gregório de Matos e a Bahia do século XVII
287:, which would have been a Latinized diminutive of Ancient Greek
134:
727:
Benjamin, Roberto
Emerson Câmara (2000), "A Media e os Mitos",
18:
1043:
Dialectologiá hispanoamericana: teoría, descripción, historia
366:
pervenit usque in sumitatem ipsius montis qui vocatur
Caralio
320:
288:
341:
off northeastern Spain, which is named for its phallic shape
920:
A literatura artúrica en Galicia e Portugal na Idade Media
918:
García, Santiago Gutiérrez; Gradín, Pilar Lorenzo (2001),
159:, both of which are equivalent to the English vulgarities
856:
Flores Varela, Camilo; Couceiro Pérez, Xosé Luis (1999),
879:, Bolsilibros Bedout, vol. 70 (3ª ed.), Bedout
311:
1041:
Munné, Juan Clemente Zamora; Guitart, Jorge M. (1982),
860:, vol. 1, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela,
1021:
Malte-Brun, Conrad; Malte-Brun, Victor Adolfe (1833),
364:
354:
465: – Spanish drink combining coffee with alcohol
411:Galician-Portuguese poet Martin Soares mentions an
535:
272:
250:
227:
170:
154:
148:
139:
102:
992:O Eufemismo e o Disfemismo no Português Moderno
747:Oralidad y Escritura en la Edad Media Hispánica
571:Diccionario Etimológico de la Lengua Castellana
425:
378:
887:"Toponimia asturiana y asociación etimológica"
792:REVELL – Revista de Estudos Literários da UEMS
508:
428:
381:
195:
1107:, Estudos de literatura portuguesa, Caminho,
736:, Santiago, Chile: Universidad Diego Portales
651:Álvarez, Rosario; Vilavedra, Dolores (1999),
494:
233:
221:
211:
186:
180:
8:
349:received a donation from Gausfred, Count of
708:Beirante, Maria Ângela V. da Rocha (1995),
281:
1076:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1063:As Cantigas de D. Joan Garcia de Guilhade
1035:, Treballs i els dies, vol. 22, Moll
1015:, Colección filolóxica, Editorial Galaxia
550:
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
827:, La Cueva de Zaratustra, archived from
32:This article includes a list of general
487:
1069:
821:Chacón Calvar, Rafael (January 2008),
632:Aguiló, Cosme; Gulsoy, Joseph (2002),
385:E por que quer tantas pissas comprar?
112:
7:
1086:Souza, Tatiane Reis Dias de (2010),
596:
504:
502:
363:donated land to the same monastery:
306:suggested that the word may have a
899:Galmés de Fuentes, Álvaro (1996),
885:Galmés de Fuentes, Álvaro (1986),
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
974:(2ª ed.), Atelie Editorial,
858:Homenaxe ó profesor Camilo Flores
824:Carajo, carallo / Caralho, Carall
783:Casagrande Júnior, Osmar (2010),
440:e meteu-o logu'en un cárcer atal,
903:, Real Academia de la Historia,
749:, Valencia: Tirant Humanidades,
387:Pois lhe na mão non queren durar
23:
1011:Lapa, Manuel Rodrigues (1965),
939:Revista Española de Lingüística
875:Gaitán Orjuela, Efraín (1970),
672:Origenes Historicos de Cataluña
442:u moitos presos jouveron assaz;
438:mui ben soube o que dele fazer:
347:Monastery of Sant Pere de Rodes
670:Balari y Jovany, Jose (1899),
399:E outra pissa tem ja amormada.
337:The islet of Carall Bernat in
1:
1023:Nouvelles annales des voyages
953:El tabú lingüístico en México
584:Anales de filología hispánica
477:, islands on the Indian Ocean
1171:Portuguese words and phrases
970:Hansen, João Adolfo (2004),
768:, Iberoamericana Editorial,
536:Álvarez & Vilavedra 1999
430:A bõa dona, molher mui leal,
389:E lh´assi morren aa malfada?
295:
521:Camacho Taboada et al. 2009
471: – Argentine rock band
444:Ũa donzela jaz preto d'aquí
1187:
1166:Slang terms for sex organs
1122:Vila-Coia, Xabier (2001),
901:Toponimia: Mito e Historia
743:Boullón Agrelo, Ana Isabel
383:Maria Negra, desventuirada
321:
312:
310:origin in the Celtic root
289:
1103:Tavani, Giuseppe (2002),
1031:Moreu Rey, Enric (1982),
951:Grimes, Larry M. (1978),
397:Oonte ao serão o esfolou,
302:Philologist and Romanist
243:Galician-Portuguese lyric
1060:Nobíling, Oskar (1907),
1033:Els nostres noms de lloc
841:(9ª ed.), Planeta,
839:Historias de la historia
419:Caralhote (a parody of
53:more precise citations.
837:Fisas, Carlos (1989),
634:Toponímia i etimologia
616:Aguiló, Cosme (1982),
449:
429:
409:
382:
365:
355:
342:
283:
273:
255:is commonly used as a
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196:
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103:
98:
989:Kröll, Heinz (1984),
336:
128:, similar to English
86:
1126:, Xabier Vila-Coia,
710:Évora na idade média
458:Portuguese profanity
353:, which referred to
144:is also used in the
16:Portuguese profanity
1098:(1), Belo Horizonte
567:Cataluña Carolingia
509:González Pérez 1991
395:grande que comprou,
247:Counter-Reformation
232:(or its absence in
122:Portuguese-language
891:Lletres Asturianes
495:Chacón Calvar 2008
436:houv'en seu poder,
343:
99:
573:de Joan Corominas
361:Lothair of France
271:The etymology of
114:[kɐˈɾaʎu]
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475:Cargados Carajos
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999:on 2013-05-31
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610:Bibliography
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410:
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380:
371:
356:mons Caralio
344:
318:
301:
299:, "stick").
284:c(h)araculum
279:Vulgar Latin
270:
245:. After the
240:
204:
169:
164:
160:
150:para caralho
146:intensifiers
138:in English.
133:
129:
101:
100:
87:
80:
65:
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37:
1151:Etymologies
1025:, Gide fils
893:(19): 31–39
569:, cited at
523:, pp.
339:Costa Brava
110:Portuguese:
90:written in
51:introducing
1145:Categories
1066:, Erlangen
1003:2020-02-29
813:2020-02-29
674:, MAXTOR,
599:, p.
553:, p.
538:, p.
482:References
257:dysphemism
156:do caralho
59:March 2020
34:references
1161:Profanity
800:2179-4456
597:Lapa 1965
463:Carajillo
434:Caralhote
432:pois que
413:anti-hero
351:Rossillon
325:("nut").
308:Pre-Roman
267:Etymology
1072:citation
625:Felanitx
565:Abadal:
452:See also
421:Lancelot
405:—
374:trovador
202:Asturian
193:Galician
92:graffiti
393:caralho
329:History
274:caralho
261:erotism
259:and in
252:caralho
209:Catalan
197:carallo
177:cognate
172:Caralho
165:as fuck
161:fucking
141:Caralho
117:) is a
104:Caralho
88:Caralho
47:improve
1130:
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469:Carajo
415:named
322:καρυον
296:khárax
229:carajo
218:Basque
213:carall
205:carayu
182:carajo
119:vulgar
96:Lisbon
36:, but
1092:E-hum
807:(PDF)
788:(PDF)
734:(DOC)
621:(PDF)
525:41-42
391:E un
313:cario
290:χάραξ
282:*
235:cazzo
223:cazzo
188:caray
126:penis
1128:ISBN
1109:ISBN
1078:link
1047:ISBN
976:ISBN
957:ISBN
924:ISBN
905:ISBN
862:ISBN
843:ISBN
796:ISSN
770:ISBN
751:ISBN
714:ISBN
695:ISBN
676:ISBN
657:ISBN
638:ISBN
207:and
185:and
163:and
135:fuck
130:dick
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601:570
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417:Dom
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