591:
563:
535:
612:
173:
2682:
2706:
853:; Mirarab, S.; Aberer, A. J.; Li, B.; Houde, P.; Li, C.; Ho, S. Y. W.; Faircloth, B. C.; Nabholz, B.; Howard, J. T.; Suh, A.; Weber, C. C.; Da Fonseca, R. R.; Li, J.; Zhang, F.; Li, H.; Zhou, L.; Narula, N.; Liu, L.; Ganapathy, G.; Boussau, B.; Bayzid, M. S.; Zavidovych, V.; Subramanian, S.; Gabaldon, T.; Capella-Gutierrez, S.; Huerta-Cepas, J.; Rekepalli, B.; Munch, K.; et al. (2014).
146:
2718:
2694:
121:
472:, and belonging to a large bird about 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall. Because of its age and geographic location, it was argued that this unnamed species may have been close to the ancestry of both cariamids and
1594:
2862:
2888:
2970:
999:"An avian femur from the Late Cretaceous of Vega Island, Antarctic Peninsula: removing the record of cursorial landbirds from the Mesozoic of Antarctica"
2836:
392:
This proposal has been confirmed by a 2014 study of whole genomes of 48 representative bird species. This analysis shows that the
Cariamiformes are
2875:
1589:
690:
Mayr, G. (2022). "Accipitriformes (New World
Vultures, Hawks, and Allies), Falconiformes (Falcons), and Cariamiformes (Seriemas and Allies)".
3000:
1102:
936:
707:
590:
2985:
2975:
675:
Mayr, G. 2005. "Old World phorusrhacids" (Aves, Phorusrhacidae): a new look at
Strigogyps ("Aenigmavis") sapea (Peters 1987). PaleoBios
428:
feel that this assessment is biased towards the more well known, predatory representatives of the clade, and indeed at least one form,
3005:
2995:
2990:
2980:
1133:
562:
2880:
1049:
453:
172:
997:
Abagael R. West; Christopher R. Torres; Judd A. Case; Julia A. Clarke; Patrick M. O'Connor; Matthew C. Lamanna (2019).
2787:
2722:
1579:
978:
Case, J.; Reguero, M.; Martin, J.; Cordes-Person, A. (2006). "A cursorial bird from the
Maastrictian of Antarctica".
2893:
1050:"Were terror birds the apex continental predators of Antarctica? New findings in the early Eocene of Seymour Island"
1361:
534:
854:
1276:
1266:
1602:
1584:
1607:
611:
480:(2019) reinterpreted this specimen as a fossil of an unnamed large-bodied member of a non-cariamiform genus
2955:
2740:
1574:
1386:
1336:
2792:
2927:
2914:
1411:
498:
393:
400:, while falcons are next most basal; in combination with the fact that the two most basal branches of
2965:
2813:
2039:
869:
811:
744:
468:
period 66 million years ago, was originally reported as indistinguishable from the femurs of modern
1569:
1461:
1401:
1346:
1126:
2705:
2778:
2352:
1416:
1376:
1341:
768:
713:
490:
strata in
Antarctica have been identified as those of a cariamiform, possibly of a phorusrachid.
285:
167:
128:
2919:
312:
2932:
2698:
732:
2960:
2901:
2800:
2478:
2425:
2375:
1518:
1508:
1451:
1251:
1246:
1098:
1030:
903:
829:
760:
703:
405:
354:
267:
242:
2906:
464:
was briefly described as a cariamiform femur in 2006. This specimen, which dates to the late
2867:
2344:
1486:
1158:
1090:
1061:
1020:
1010:
893:
885:
877:
819:
798:; Berv, J.S.; Dornburg, A.; Field, D.J.; Townsend, J.P.; Lemmon, E.M.; Lemmon, A.R. (2015).
752:
695:
443:
373:, both morphological and genetic studies show that it belongs to a separate group of birds,
2576:
2404:
1874:
1396:
1381:
1319:
1218:
1146:
409:
800:"A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing"
873:
815:
748:
2686:
2616:
2568:
2502:
2441:
2396:
2383:
2257:
2220:
2071:
1845:
1682:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1406:
1391:
1286:
1281:
1261:
1256:
1238:
1186:
1119:
1025:
998:
898:
585:
382:
346:
342:
303:
276:
159:
2828:
2949:
2624:
2608:
2531:
2357:
2155:
2005:
1892:
1850:
1650:
1642:
1564:
1528:
1446:
1370:
965:
717:
606:
557:
473:
421:
386:
366:
358:
350:
294:
71:
2710:
2454:
2299:
2115:
1953:
1901:
1773:
1734:
1503:
1491:
1481:
1471:
1168:
850:
795:
772:
494:
425:
416:) are also predatory, it is inferred that the common ancestor of 'core landbirds' (
855:"Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds"
1094:
2849:
2805:
2772:
2515:
2362:
2168:
2147:
2136:
2101:
1968:
1958:
1916:
1807:
1674:
1476:
1301:
1296:
1228:
1213:
1181:
699:
694:. Fascinating Life Sciences (Second ed.). Springer Cham. pp. 153–176.
508:
457:
397:
374:
361:, but fossils of many extinct taxa are also found in other continents including
227:
145:
46:
2763:
120:
2632:
2494:
2433:
2412:
2244:
2228:
2163:
2108:
2080:
2012:
1977:
1855:
1703:
1538:
1513:
1271:
961:
465:
461:
430:
417:
378:
370:
334:
258:
136:
109:
91:
56:
2592:
2547:
2336:
2129:
2046:
2030:
2019:
1929:
1865:
1824:
1523:
1324:
1311:
1291:
1191:
881:
756:
184:
96:
1034:
907:
833:
764:
333:
that has existed for over 50 million years. The group includes the family
2757:
2560:
2290:
2265:
2211:
2122:
2094:
1984:
1948:
1940:
1922:
1817:
1802:
1786:
1533:
1496:
1329:
401:
204:
154:
86:
81:
66:
61:
51:
911:
824:
799:
17:
2841:
2470:
2323:
2202:
2087:
2053:
1991:
1812:
1666:
1658:
1351:
1223:
1208:
1198:
1015:
889:
482:
469:
338:
101:
76:
1111:
2854:
2600:
2539:
2315:
2307:
2236:
2176:
2060:
1998:
1881:
1548:
1543:
1421:
487:
438:
362:
194:
2734:
1089:. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 139–152.
2486:
2273:
1836:
1066:
733:"A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History"
449:
2818:
2462:
1829:
1792:
1762:
1176:
1142:
330:
214:
2738:
1626:
1115:
2584:
1441:
1203:
413:
437:
The earliest known unambiguous member of this group is early
964:
in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the
1048:
501:
1085:
Mayr, Gerald (2009). "Cariamae (seriemas and allies)".
486:. In 2024, two ungual phalanx specimens from the early
369:. Though traditionally considered a suborder within
309:
300:
291:
282:
273:
264:
2747:
2559:
2514:
2453:
2424:
2395:
2374:
2335:
2298:
2289:
2256:
2219:
2210:
2201:
2146:
2070:
2029:
1967:
1939:
1915:
1891:
1864:
1785:
1772:
1733:
1702:
1641:
1557:
1460:
1360:
1310:
1237:
1167:
476:. However, a subsequent study published by West
357:. Extant members (seriemas) are only known from
731:Hackett, Shannon J.; et al. (2008-06-27).
1127:
937:"Bird behaviour, the 'deep time' perspective"
8:
845:
843:
960:Gerald Mayr, Exceptionally preserved plant
2735:
2295:
2216:
2207:
2198:
1936:
1782:
1769:
1730:
1726:
1699:
1638:
1634:
1623:
1619:
1134:
1120:
1112:
685:
683:
681:
144:
119:
31:
1065:
1024:
1014:
968:bird Strigogyps sapea (Ameghinornithidae)
897:
823:
497:studies have shown that Cariamiformes is
108:Suspected, but still not confirmed, late
668:
790:
788:
329:) is an order of primarily flightless
7:
2693:
434:, appears to have been herbivorous.
2717:
578:
550:
522:
515:
504:
2971:Extant Paleocene first appearances
980:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
25:
1595:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
452:from the Cape Lamb Member of the
424:. However, some researchers like
377:, whose other living members are
2716:
2704:
2692:
2681:
2680:
2571:(New World vultures and condors)
610:
589:
561:
533:
171:
1:
3001:Pleistocene taxonomic orders
1095:10.1007/978-3-540-89628-9_13
454:Lopez de Bertodano Formation
2635:(woodpeckers and relatives)
700:10.1007/978-3-030-87645-6_8
3022:
2986:Oligocene taxonomic orders
2976:Paleocene taxonomic orders
2497:(cormorants and relatives)
1590:Extinct species since 1500
1054:Palaeontologia Electronica
3006:Holocene taxonomic orders
2996:Pliocene taxonomic orders
2676:
2627:(kingfishers and rollers)
2481:(albatrosses and petrels)
2365:(swifts and hummingbirds)
2347:(nightjars and relatives)
2197:
2171:(pheasants and relatives)
1729:
1698:
1637:
1633:
1622:
1618:
1154:
604:
583:
576:
555:
548:
527:
520:
513:
255:
250:
168:Scientific classification
166:
152:
143:
127:
118:
112:origin by molecular clock
34:
2991:Miocene taxonomic orders
2526:(seriemas and relatives)
2505:(pelicans and relatives)
532:(seriemas and relatives)
2981:Eocene taxonomic orders
2619:(hornbills and hoopoes)
2534:(falcons and relatives)
882:10.1126/science.1253451
757:10.1126/science.1157704
2603:(trogons and quetzals)
2415:(cranes and relatives)
1685:(emus and cassowaries)
1575:Glossary of bird terms
1387:Confuciusornithiformes
1087:Paleogene Fossil Birds
941:scientificamerican.com
692:Paleogene Fossil Birds
2928:Paleobiology Database
2915:Paleobiology Database
2444:(kagu and sunbittern)
2407:(gulls and relatives)
1412:Songlingornithiformes
1377:Omnivoropterygiformes
2266:Phoenicopteriformes
42:Early Eocene–present
2237:Mesitornithiformes
2231:(doves and pigeons)
1565:Families and orders
1427:Ichthyornithiformes
1402:Patagopterygiformes
874:2014Sci...346.1320J
868:(6215): 1320–1331.
825:10.1038/nature15697
816:2015Natur.526..569P
749:2008Sci...320.1763H
743:(5884): 1763–1768.
337:(seriemas) and the
2579:(eagles and hawks)
2479:Procellariiformes
2384:Opisthocomiformes
2353:Steatornithiformes
1580:List by population
1417:Hongshanornithidae
1342:Evolution of birds
1016:10.7717/peerj.7231
406:New World vultures
286:Eleutherornithidae
129:Red-legged seriema
2943:
2942:
2902:Open Tree of Life
2741:Taxon identifiers
2732:
2731:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2465:(loons or divers)
2434:Phaethontiformes
2426:Phaethontimorphae
2376:Opisthocomiformes
2345:Caprimulgiformes
2285:
2284:
2274:Podicipediformes
2193:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
1911:
1910:
1694:
1693:
1651:Struthioniformes
1519:Waterfowl hunting
1452:Gastornithiformes
1447:Aepyornithiformes
1437:Lithornithiformes
1104:978-3-540-89627-2
810:(7574): 569–573.
709:978-3-030-87644-9
659:
658:
650:
649:
641:
640:
632:
631:
623:
622:
355:Ameghinornithidae
341:families such as
320:
319:
268:Ameghinornithidae
246:
113:
16:(Redirected from
3013:
2936:
2935:
2923:
2922:
2910:
2909:
2897:
2896:
2884:
2883:
2871:
2870:
2858:
2857:
2845:
2844:
2832:
2831:
2822:
2821:
2809:
2808:
2796:
2795:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2736:
2720:
2719:
2708:
2696:
2695:
2684:
2683:
2636:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2609:Leptosomiformes
2604:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2577:Accipitriformes
2572:
2551:
2550:(perching birds)
2543:
2535:
2527:
2506:
2498:
2490:
2482:
2474:
2471:Sphenisciformes
2466:
2445:
2437:
2416:
2408:
2405:Charadriiformes
2387:
2366:
2348:
2327:
2319:
2316:Musophagiformes
2311:
2296:
2277:
2269:
2248:
2240:
2232:
2217:
2208:
2199:
2172:
2159:
1937:
1933:
1926:
1839:
1832:
1796:
1783:
1779:
1770:
1766:
1731:
1727:
1700:
1686:
1678:
1670:
1662:
1654:
1639:
1635:
1624:
1620:
1487:Bird collections
1442:Dinornithiformes
1347:Darwin's finches
1337:Origin of flight
1277:Seabird breeding
1267:Sexual selection
1136:
1129:
1122:
1113:
1108:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1028:
1018:
994:
988:
987:
975:
969:
958:
952:
951:
949:
947:
932:
926:
925:
923:
922:
916:
910:. Archived from
901:
859:
847:
838:
837:
827:
792:
783:
782:
780:
779:
728:
722:
721:
687:
676:
673:
614:
593:
579:
565:
551:
537:
523:
516:
505:
444:Paleopsilopterus
311:
302:
293:
284:
275:
266:
241:
176:
175:
148:
133:Cariama cristata
123:
107:
106:
43:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3010:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2931:
2926:
2918:
2913:
2905:
2900:
2892:
2887:
2879:
2874:
2866:
2861:
2853:
2848:
2840:
2835:
2827:
2825:
2817:
2812:
2804:
2799:
2791:
2786:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2743:
2733:
2728:
2640:
2634:
2626:
2618:
2617:Bucerotiformes
2611:(cuckoo-roller)
2610:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2578:
2570:
2569:Cathartiformes
2555:
2549:
2541:
2540:Psittaciformes
2533:
2525:
2510:
2504:
2503:Pelecaniformes
2496:
2488:
2480:
2472:
2464:
2449:
2443:
2442:Eurypygiformes
2435:
2420:
2414:
2406:
2391:
2385:
2370:
2364:
2346:
2331:
2325:
2317:
2309:
2281:
2275:
2267:
2252:
2246:
2245:Pterocliformes
2238:
2230:
2181:
2170:
2157:
2142:
2066:
2025:
1963:
1928:
1927:
1920:
1919:
1907:
1887:
1860:
1837:
1830:
1790:
1789:
1777:
1776:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1690:
1684:
1683:Casuariiformes
1676:
1675:Apterygiformes
1668:
1660:
1652:
1629:
1614:
1585:Lists by region
1553:
1463:
1456:
1397:Chaoyangiformes
1382:Jeholornithidae
1356:
1320:Origin of birds
1306:
1287:Brood parasites
1233:
1163:
1150:
1140:
1105:
1084:
1081:
1079:Further reading
1076:
1075:
1047:
1046:
1042:
996:
995:
991:
977:
976:
972:
959:
955:
945:
943:
935:Naish, Darren.
934:
933:
929:
920:
918:
914:
857:
849:
848:
841:
794:
793:
786:
777:
775:
730:
729:
725:
710:
689:
688:
679:
674:
670:
665:
660:
651:
642:
633:
624:
410:Accipitriformes
306:
297:
288:
279:
270:
261:
240:
170:
114:
105:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
41:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3019:
3017:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2948:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2924:
2911:
2898:
2885:
2872:
2859:
2846:
2833:
2823:
2810:
2797:
2784:
2769:
2753:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2714:
2702:
2690:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2630:
2625:Coraciiformes
2622:
2614:
2606:
2601:Trogoniformes
2598:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2565:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2548:Passeriformes
2545:
2537:
2532:Falconiformes
2529:
2524:Cariamiformes
2520:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2487:Ciconiiformes
2484:
2476:
2468:
2459:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2439:
2430:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2410:
2401:
2399:
2397:Cursorimorphae
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2380:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2341:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2321:
2313:
2304:
2302:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2271:
2262:
2260:
2258:Mirandornithes
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2242:
2234:
2229:Columbiformes
2225:
2223:
2221:Columbimorphae
2214:
2205:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2166:
2161:
2156:Meleagridinae
2152:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2076:
2074:
2072:Odontophoridae
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2035:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1973:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1945:
1943:
1934:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1897:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1878:
1870:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1851:Stictonettinae
1848:
1846:Dendrocygninae
1843:
1842:
1841:
1834:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1799:
1797:
1780:
1767:
1724:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1680:
1672:
1664:
1656:
1647:
1645:
1631:
1630:
1627:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1599:Notable birds
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1549:Egg collecting
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1468:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1432:Hesperornithes
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1407:Ambiortiformes
1404:
1399:
1394:
1392:Enantiornithes
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1366:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1316:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1184:
1179:
1173:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1040:
989:
970:
953:
927:
839:
784:
723:
708:
677:
667:
666:
664:
661:
657:
656:
653:
652:
648:
647:
644:
643:
639:
638:
635:
634:
630:
629:
626:
625:
621:
620:
617:
616:
603:
600:
599:
596:
595:
586:Psittaciformes
582:
577:
575:
572:
571:
568:
567:
554:
549:
547:
544:
543:
540:
539:
526:
521:
519:
514:
512:
503:
448:. An isolated
383:Psittaciformes
347:Bathornithidae
343:Phorusrhacidae
318:
317:
316:
315:
307:
304:Phorusrhacidae
298:
289:
280:
277:Bathornithidae
271:
262:
253:
252:
248:
247:
235:
231:
230:
225:
218:
217:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
164:
163:
160:Phorusrhacidae
150:
149:
141:
140:
125:
124:
116:
115:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
44:
37:
27:Order of birds
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3018:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:Cariamiformes
2954:
2953:
2951:
2934:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2829:cariamiformes
2826:Featherbase:
2824:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2789:
2785:
2780:
2779:Cariamiformes
2774:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2749:Cariamiformes
2746:
2742:
2737:
2725:
2724:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2637:
2631:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2615:
2613:
2607:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2591:
2589:
2585:Strigiformes
2583:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2501:
2499:
2493:
2491:
2485:
2483:
2477:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2436:(tropicbirds)
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2358:Podargiformes
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2314:
2312:
2308:Cuculiformes
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2006:Macrocephalon
2003:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1924:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1893:Anseranatidae
1890:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1833:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1775:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1758:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1681:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1667:Tinamiformes
1665:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1643:Palaeognathae
1640:
1636:
1632:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1529:Pigeon racing
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1371:Archaeopteryx
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1106:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1067:10.26879/1340
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
993:
990:
985:
981:
974:
971:
967:
966:Middle Eocene
963:
957:
954:
942:
938:
931:
928:
917:on 2015-02-24
913:
909:
905:
900:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
856:
852:
851:Jarvis, E. D.
846:
844:
840:
835:
831:
826:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
791:
789:
785:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
727:
724:
719:
715:
711:
705:
701:
697:
693:
686:
684:
682:
678:
672:
669:
662:
655:
654:
646:
645:
637:
636:
628:
627:
619:
618:
615:
613:
608:
607:Passeriformes
602:
601:
598:
597:
594:
592:
587:
581:
580:
574:
573:
570:
569:
566:
564:
559:
558:Falconiformes
553:
552:
546:
545:
542:
541:
538:
536:
531:
530:Cariamiformes
525:
524:
518:
517:
510:
507:
506:
502:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
484:
479:
475:
474:phorusrhacids
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
446:itaboraiensis
445:
440:
435:
433:
432:
427:
423:
422:apex predator
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
396:among extant
395:
390:
388:
387:Passeriformes
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
367:North America
364:
360:
359:South America
356:
352:
351:Idiornithidae
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
323:Cariamiformes
314:
308:
305:
299:
296:
295:Idiornithidae
290:
287:
281:
278:
272:
269:
263:
260:
257:
256:
254:
249:
244:
239:
238:Cariamiformes
236:
233:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
199:
196:
193:
190:
189:
186:
183:
180:
179:
174:
169:
165:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
117:
111:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
35:Cariamiformes
33:
30:
19:
2748:
2721:
2709:
2697:
2685:
2595:(mousebirds)
2593:Coliiformes
2523:
2463:Gaviiformes
2455:Aequornithes
2363:Apodiformes
2324:Otidiformes
2300:Otidimorphae
2247:(sandgrouse)
2169:Phasianinae
2135:
2128:
2121:
2116:Odontophorus
2114:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2059:
2052:
2045:
2038:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1954:Oreophasinae
1900:
1880:
1873:
1778:(waterfowls)
1774:Anseriformes
1524:Cockfighting
1509:Conservation
1504:Bird feeding
1492:Birdwatching
1482:Ornithomancy
1422:Gansuiformes
1369:
1362:Fossil birds
1252:Intelligence
1086:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1006:
1002:
992:
983:
979:
973:
956:
944:. Retrieved
940:
930:
919:. Retrieved
912:the original
865:
861:
807:
803:
776:. Retrieved
740:
736:
726:
691:
671:
609:(songbirds)
605:
584:
556:
529:
528:
495:phylogenetic
492:
481:
477:
442:
436:
429:
426:Darren Naish
391:
326:
322:
321:
237:
221:
153:
132:
29:
2966:Bird orders
2850:iNaturalist
2773:Wikispecies
2723:WikiProject
2633:Piciformes
2516:Australaves
2495:Suliformes
2413:Gruiformes
2268:(flamingos)
2177:Tetraoninae
2148:Phasianidae
2137:Rhynchortyx
2102:Dactylortyx
1969:Megapodidae
1959:Penelopinae
1917:Galliformes
1659:Rheiformes
1653:(ostriches)
1603:individuals
1477:Ornithology
1464:interaction
1219:Preen gland
1060:(1): 1–31.
890:10072/67425
509:Australaves
458:Vega Island
398:Australaves
375:Australaves
228:Australaves
2950:Categories
2473:(penguins)
2326:(bustards)
2164:Perdicinae
2109:Dendrortyx
2081:Callipepla
2013:Megapodius
1978:Aepypodius
1856:Tadorninae
1838:true geese
1669:(tinamous)
1628:Neornithes
1539:Pheasantry
1514:Aviculture
1282:Incubation
1272:Lek mating
962:parenchyma
921:2015-08-29
796:Prum, R.O.
778:2008-10-18
663:References
588:(parrots)
493:Molecular
466:Cretaceous
462:Antarctica
431:Strigogyps
418:Telluraves
379:Falconidae
371:Gruiformes
335:Cariamidae
313:Salmilidae
259:Cariamidae
243:Fürbringer
137:Cariamidae
110:Cretaceous
2542:(parrots)
2386:(hoatzin)
2337:Strisores
2318:(turacos)
2310:(cuckoos)
2239:(mesites)
2158:(turkeys)
2130:Philortyx
2047:Agelastes
2040:Acryllium
2031:Numididae
2020:Talegalla
1930:gamebirds
1923:landfowls
1902:Anseranas
1866:Anhimidae
1825:Anserinae
1608:fictional
1330:dinosaurs
1325:Theropoda
1312:Evolution
1257:Migration
1239:Behaviour
1009:: e7231.
986:(3): 48A.
718:246810485
560:(falcons)
420:) was an
251:Families
191:Kingdom:
185:Eukaryota
2961:Seriemas
2819:13868082
2764:Q1207101
2758:Wikidata
2687:Category
2561:Afroaves
2489:(storks)
2291:Passerea
2276:(grebes)
2212:Columbea
2123:Oreortyx
2095:Cyrtonyx
1985:Alectura
1949:Cracinae
1941:Cracidae
1818:Oxyurini
1808:Aythyini
1803:Anatinae
1787:Anatidae
1534:Falconry
1497:big year
1352:Seabirds
1262:Foraging
1209:Feathers
1035:31333904
946:12 April
908:25504713
834:26444237
765:18583609
470:seriemas
402:Afroaves
327:Cariamae
205:Chordata
201:Phylum:
195:Animalia
181:Domain:
155:Kelenken
18:Cariamae
2907:6151851
2894:1956187
2842:8706725
2699:Commons
2203:Neoaves
2088:Colinus
2054:Guttera
1992:Eulipoa
1813:Mergini
1677:(kiwis)
1661:(rheas)
1472:Ringing
1297:Hybrids
1292:Nesting
1247:Singing
1224:Plumage
1199:Dactyly
1169:Anatomy
1159:Outline
1149:: Aves)
1026:6626523
899:4405904
870:Bibcode
862:Science
812:Bibcode
773:6472805
745:Bibcode
737:Science
511:
483:Vegavis
339:extinct
234:Order:
211:Class:
2920:368333
2881:914236
2793:743387
2711:Portal
2587:(owls)
2061:Numida
1999:Leipoa
1882:Chauna
1875:Anhima
1570:Genera
1544:Imping
1462:Human
1302:Colony
1229:Vision
1214:Flight
1101:
1033:
1023:
906:
896:
832:
804:Nature
771:
763:
716:
706:
488:Eocene
478:et al.
441:taxon
439:Eocene
412:, and
363:Europe
245:, 1888
2933:39455
2868:12940
2863:IRMNG
2855:71262
1831:swans
1793:ducks
1763:fowls
1558:Lists
1182:Brain
1147:class
1143:Birds
1003:PeerJ
915:(PDF)
858:(PDF)
769:S2CID
714:S2CID
499:basal
450:femur
408:plus
394:basal
331:birds
222:Clade
2889:NCBI
2876:ITIS
2837:GBIF
2788:BOLD
1204:Eggs
1192:milk
1187:Crop
1177:Beak
1099:ISBN
1031:PMID
948:2018
904:PMID
830:PMID
761:PMID
704:ISBN
414:owls
385:and
365:and
353:and
325:(or
215:Aves
47:PreꞒ
2814:EoL
2801:CoL
1091:doi
1062:doi
1021:PMC
1011:doi
894:PMC
886:hdl
878:doi
866:346
820:doi
808:526
753:doi
741:320
696:doi
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