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can be harvested after six years and is done in Fall after collecting the mature seeds. After removing the soil and the roots from other plants, the rhizome should be stored unwashed until further processing. It should be prevented from drying out and also from too high moisture, which could lead to
576:
over night and can be planted in pots on the next day. The soil should be kept moist and shaded until the plants emerge. Young plants can be transplanted in a well prepared growing bed with a high organic matter in a planting distance of 6–10 inches (15–25 centimetres). To support the plants with
440:, with male-biased gender ratios in a given population. This is due to higher mortality of female plants, and the tendency of female plants to flower less frequently. Female stalks tend to be taller, giving a total maximum plant height of about 1.2 m, but also tend to have about ten times fewer
543:
content. In open fields it should be shaded by a shading structure, to protect it from the direct radiation of the sun. For forest cultivation it should be preferably planted in an area with tall hardwood trees.
606:
needles. When the young plants emerge they should be left in undisturbed at least for one growing season. Then they can be transplanted as for the propagation method through root division.
1375:
1370:
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939:
1164:
792:
Meagher, T. R.; J. Antonovics (1982). "The population biology of
Chamaelirium luteum, a dioecious member of the lily family: life history studies".
516:
is normally collected wild, it is at risk of extinction. Cultivation techniques are still under development to satisfy the demand from the market.
1229:
1177:
771:
762:
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Baskin, Carol C.; Baskin Jerry M. (2001). "Morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of
Chamaelirium luteum, a long-lived dioecious lily".
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It was traditionally used to prevent miscarriages and it has the reputation of improving fertility. Today it is used to treat
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comes from the Greek and means: chamai = "on the ground" and leirion = "lilly", and the Latin luteus = "yellow".
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inch (3.2 mm) in breeding beds with high humus content. For a good germination the seed should go through
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For propagation through seeds, the seeds should be sown in late Fall or early Winter to a depth of
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herb native to the eastern United States. It can be found in a variety of habitats, including wet
1317:
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947:. North Carolina Consortioum on Natural Medicines and Public Health. p. 5. Archived from
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877:
841:
Chamaelirium luteum (L.) A. Gray (Devil's Bit). Conservation and
Research Plan for New England
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has a basal rosette of around six 8–15 cm leaves, from which a single spike-like raceme
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847:. Framingham, Massachusetts, USA: New England Wild Flower Society. Archived from
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436:(1–1.5 cm diameter, 8–30 cm length) emerges. The plants are generally
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is used as ornamental or medical herb. Historically it has been used widely by
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Growing at-risk medicinal herbs : cultivation, conservation, and ecology
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The plant should be moist and shaded and protected from herbivory by
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inch (6.4 mm). This disc-shaped pieces should be left to
675:. Before processing, the rhizome should be washed carefully.
388:
is a genus of flowering plants containing the single species
536:
469:, United States and Canada. It occurs in the east of the
454:
genus, and is quite rare at the fringes of its range.
724:"The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species"
683:
The bioactive components are a mixture of steroidal
1046:
1010:Moser, J. (1917). "The pharmacognosy of helonias".
555:can be propagated through seeds or root division.
933:
931:
929:
927:
925:
908:. Williams, OR: Horizon Herbs. pp. 314 pp.
581:or bark mulch should be added to the top soil.
577:nutrients, pine needles, rotted conifer-derived
1376:Flora of the Great Lakes region (North America)
562:can be divided by cutting them into pieces of
8:
938:Jackie Greenfield, Jeanine M. Davis (2004).
833:
831:
1005:
1003:
974:The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society
473:and it is historically known from southern
1034:
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897:
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626:in woods. Weeds should always be removed.
598:. The plants grow best in soil mixture of
558:For propagation through root division the
55:
31:
20:
1371:Flora of the Southeastern United States
1366:Flora of the Northeastern United States
772:United States Department of Agriculture
763:Germplasm Resources Information Network
715:
694:. These bioactive substances act as an
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7:
14:
362:Herb. ex Schult. & Schult.f.
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1287:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24120-1
941:Medicinal Herb Production Guide
874:Taylor's encyclopedia of plants
1:
768:Agricultural Research Service
1012:American Journal of Pharmacy
876:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
687:, including chamaelirin and
872:Tenenbaum, Frances (2003).
838:Allard, Dorothy J. (2003).
1412:
1346:NatureServe secure species
465:can be found in temperate
450:is the only member of its
1386:Monotypic Liliales genera
253:Chamaelirium carolinianum
232:
225:
203:
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75:Scientific classification
73:
53:
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39:
30:
23:
16:Genus of flowering plants
354:(L.) F.T.Wang & Tang
539:: 4.5 – 6) with a high
504:
343:Ophiostachys virginica
295:Diclinotrys albiflorum
499:
1361:Melanthiaceae genera
904:Cech, Richo (2002).
679:Bioactive components
527:prefers moist, well
394:, commonly known as
270:Chamaelirium obovale
806:1982Ecol...63.1690M
756:Chamaelirium luteum
635:Chamaelirium luteum
553:Chamaelirium luteum
525:Chamaelirium luteum
514:Chamaelirium luteum
502:Chamaelirium luteum
491:Chamaelirium luteum
463:Chamaelirium luteum
448:Chamaelirium luteum
430:Chamaelirium luteum
391:Chamaelirium luteum
278:Chionographis lutea
261:Chamaelirium luteum
207:Chamaelirium luteum
47:Conservation status
639:Indigenous peoples
505:
327:Melanthium dioicum
1391:Flora of Illinois
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1256:Open Tree of Life
1040:Taxon identifiers
1029:Henriettes Herbal
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335:Melanthium luteum
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654:fertility issues
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367:Veratrum luteum
359:Veratrum flavum
351:Siraitos luteus
319:Helonias pumila
303:Helonias dioica
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1023:External links
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314:(L.) Ker Gawl.
311:Helonias lutea
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306:(Walter) Pursh
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286:Dasurus luteus
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1078:Chamaelirium
1048:Chamaelirium
1047:
1011:
977:
973:
967:
956:. Retrieved
949:the original
940:
905:
873:
867:
856:. Retrieved
849:the original
840:
797:
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787:
775:. Retrieved
761:
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727:. Retrieved
718:
682:
665:
652:complaints,
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458:Distribution
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396:blazing-star
395:
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385:Chamaelirium
384:
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289:(L.) Salisb.
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172:Chamaelirium
171:
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25:Chamaelirium
24:
18:
1191:iNaturalist
1072:Wikispecies
777:5 September
729:5 September
696:emmenagogue
673:infestation
610:Maintenance
533:acidic soil
508:Cultivation
471:Mississippi
426:woodlands.
400:devil's bit
338:(L.) Thunb.
291:nom. inval.
281:(L.) Baill.
266:nom. illeg.
118:Angiosperms
65:NatureServe
1340:Categories
958:2012-12-01
858:2009-02-14
710:References
648:problems,
414:. It is a
408:fairy wand
1063:Q16868579
692:diosgenin
650:pregnancy
646:menstrual
600:peat moss
487:etymology
481:Etymology
452:monotypic
438:dioecious
424:deciduous
416:perennial
183:Species:
88:Kingdom:
1307:VASCAN:
1300:40005688
1295:Tropicos
1057:Wikidata
700:diuretic
689:aglycone
685:saponins
668:rhizomes
662:diuretic
560:rhizomes
548:Planting
512:Because
412:helonias
227:Synonyms
147:Family:
141:Liliales
131:Monocots
1222:1063445
1209:24120-1
1170:2741646
994:3088655
822:1940111
802:Bibcode
794:Ecology
589:⁄
579:sawdust
567:⁄
529:drained
475:Ontario
442:flowers
420:meadows
167:Genus:
157:Tribe:
137:Order:
92:Plantae
63: (
61:Secure
1274:CHAMA6
1269:PLANTS
1261:573295
1248:112830
1196:122252
1157:106446
1144:106446
1092:430806
992:
912:
880:
820:
704:emetic
616:snails
574:callus
410:, and
346:Delile
330:Walter
256:Willd.
177:Willd.
1235:42893
1217:IRMNG
1131:1CMMG
1118:44538
1105:8VW5C
990:JSTOR
952:(PDF)
945:(PDF)
852:(PDF)
845:(PDF)
818:JSTOR
671:mold
620:slugs
541:humus
322:Jacq.
273:Small
125:Clade
112:Clade
99:Clade
1282:POWO
1243:NCBI
1230:ITIS
1204:IPNI
1183:2377
1178:GRIN
1165:GBIF
1126:EPPO
1087:BOLD
910:ISBN
878:ISBN
779:2014
731:2014
702:and
666:The
660:and
630:Uses
624:deer
618:and
604:pine
531:and
485:The
422:and
298:Raf.
264:Miq.
248:Raf.
236:List
219:Gray
1318:WFO
1310:981
1152:FoC
1139:FNA
1113:EoL
1100:CoL
982:doi
978:128
810:doi
622:or
489:of
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1002:^
988:.
976:.
924:^
892:^
830:^
816:.
808:.
798:63
796:.
770:,
766:.
760:.
739:^
706:.
698:,
656:,
641:.
537:pH
477:.
444:.
406:,
402:,
398:,
370:L.
217:)
215:L.
127::
114::
101::
996:.
984::
961:.
918:.
886:.
861:.
824:.
812::
804::
781:.
758:"
754:"
733:.
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587:1
569:4
565:1
535:(
213:(
67:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
