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dependent on the organism and cell type. The structure, composition, and function of each of the cisternae may be different inside the Golgi stack. These different variations of Golgi cisternae are categorized into 3 groups; cis Golgi network, medial, and trans Golgi network. The cis Golgi network is the first step in the cisternal structure of a protein being packaged, while the trans Golgi network is the last step in the cisternal structure when the vesicle is being transferred to either the lysosome, the cell surface or the secretory vesicle. The cisternae are shaped by the cytoskeleton of the cell through a lipid bilayer. Post-translational modifications such as glycosylation, phosphorylation and cleavage occur in the Golgi and as proteins travel through it, they go through the cisternae, which allows functional ion channels to be created due to these modifications. Each class of cisternae contains various enzymes used in protein modifications. These enzymes help the Golgi in glycosylation and phosphorylation of proteins, as well as mediate signal modifications to direct proteins to their final destination. Defects in the cisternal enzymes can cause congenital defects including some forms of muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, cancer, and diabetes.
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Proteins begin on the cis side of the Golgi (the side facing the ER) and exit on the trans side (the side facing the plasma membrane). Throughout their journey in the cisterna, the proteins are packaged and are modified for transport throughout the cell. The number of cisterna in the Golgi stack is
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that have been identified in cisternae located in different regions of the Golgi. This difference in the localization of enzymes throughout cisternae can contribute to the functioning of the Golgi by regulating the pH, ion concentrations, and the amounts of substrate that are necessary. This also
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The cis Golgi network is the first step in the cisternal structure of a protein being packaged, while the trans Golgi network is the last step in the cisternal structure when the vesicle is being transferred to either the lysosome, the cell surface or the secretory vesicle. The
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The trans-Golgi network is an important part of the Golgi. It is located on the trans face of the Golgi apparatus and is made up of cisternae. The cisternae play a crucial role in the packaging, modification, and transport functions for the cell overall. The
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works to make sure that reactions are happening in the correct places within the Golgi and that proteins do not undergo the wrong modification if they are in the wrong location.
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There are multiple types of cisternae which can be recognized from their distinctions in morphology. These distinctions include enzymes relating to
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This illustration shows where the cisternae can be found on the Golgi apparatus. As well as the location of the cis and trans Golgi network.
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that get processed here within the cisterna will then be sent to their specified locations.
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616:Chromoplast
611:Chloroplast
502:Microtubule
825:Organelles
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718:Proteasome
711:Inclusions
658:Nitroplast
651:Apicoplast
636:Elaioplast
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626:Leucoplast
581:Filopodium
527:Basal body
517:Centrosome
467:Peroxisome
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452:Melanosome
362:organelles
181:2021-05-07
131:1100041140
99:References
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674:Nucleolus
646:Tannosome
554:Flagellum
539:Myofibril
522:Centriole
457:Microbody
430:Phagosome
230:0948-6143
139:cite book
36:cisternae
732:External
684:Ribosome
440:Acrosome
425:Endosome
420:Lysosome
248:23881164
176:Scitable
65:proteins
54:Function
40:membrane
28:cisterna
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559:Axoneme
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
