43:
202:, South Africa. The Cordoba Durchmusterung (abbreviated CD, or, less commonly, CoD) was made visually (as was the BD), but the Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CP or CPD) was conducted by the then-new photographic technique, which had just been shown to have sufficient accuracy. The southern stars are identified by CD and CPD numbers in a manner similar to the BD numbering system.
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96:('run-through examination'), a German word used for a systematic survey of objects or data. The term has sometimes been used for other astronomical surveys, including not only stars, but also the search for other celestial objects. Special tasks include celestial scanning in
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of 342,198 stars down to approximate apparent magnitude 9.5 and covering the sky from 90°N to 2°S declination. The catalogue, published in three parts, was accompanied by charts plotting the positions of the stars, and was the basis for the
187:—were made possible by the publication of the atlas and data of the Bonner Durchmusterung. However, a deficiency of the BD was that it did not cover the whole sky, because far southern stars are not visible from Germany.
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A few decades later, the positional accuracy of the
Durchmusterung catalogues began to be insufficient for many projects. To establish a more exact reference system for the Bonner Durchmusterung, astronomers and
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was published in five parts between 1892 and 1932 to cover the southern sky from 22°S to 90°S declination.) BD star numbers are still used and allow the correlation of the work with modern projects.
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satellite operated between 1989 and 1993 and observed around 118,000 stars over the whole sky. Three star catalogues were published from its data:
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of the Berlin observatory, and was used as an exact coordinate frame for the BD and AGK. It was modernized in the 1920s (
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and using observations largely carried out by his assistants, which resulted in a catalogue of the positions and
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This led the scientific community to supplement the BD with two additional astrometric surveys carried out by
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Observatory in
Germany from 1859 to 1863, with an extension published in Bonn in 1886. The name comes from
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The format of a BD number is exemplified by "BD−16 1591", which is the BD number of
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151:. This number signifies that in the catalog, Sirius is the 1591st star listed in the
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362:"Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects: Details on Acronym: BD"
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extension might have to be removed with some text editor before opening)
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extension might have to be removed with some text editor before opening)
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plane in the late 19th century. This astrometric project led to the
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zone between −16 and −17 degrees, counting from 0 hours
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measurements, the FK6 accuracy was better than ±0.1″.
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440:(clicking on "cpd.dat.gz" downloads the gzipped 14.1
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Many astronomical research projects—from studies of
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438:Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (Gill+ 1895–1900)
130:Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog
426:(clicking on "cd.dat.gz" downloads the gzipped 19
287:(about 2,500,000 stars), which was improved for
416:(clicking on "bd.gz" downloads the gzipped 10.1
392:Charlier, Carl Vilhelm Ludvig (27 July 2007) .
159:. Stellar positions and zone boundaries use an
133:(SAO) catalogues of the 20th century. In 1886
372:Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg
330:Star maps: history, artistry, and cartography
279:(about 1,050,000 stars, with accuracy ±0.03″)
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414:Bonner Durchmusterung (Argelander 1859–1862)
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19:
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398:. Lütcke & Wulff. #22157 – via
271:(118,000 stars, average accuracy ±0.001″)
424:Cordoba Durchmusterung (Thome 1892–1932)
240:, accuracy 0.1″) as successive steps of
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320:
332:. Berlin: Springer. pp. 302–304.
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291:effects and proper motions using the
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194:located in the Southern Hemisphere:
236:, mean accuracy ±1″), and in 2000 (
86:of the whole sky, published by the
124:Astronomische Gesellschaft Katalog
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537:Astronomical catalogues of stars
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378:from the original on 2020-10-06.
229:Catalogues of Fundamental Stars
210:began to work on a fundamental
395:Lectures on Stellar Statistics
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183:, up to the nascent field of
212:celestial coordinate system
98:electromagnetic wavelengths
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444:MB catalogue) (note: the
430:MB catalogue) (note: the
338:10.1007/978-0-387-71669-5
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532:Astronomical catalogues
100:shorter or longer than
293:Astrographic Catalogue
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25:Alternative names
374:. 20 September 2020.
216:Earth's rotation axis
73:Bonner Durchmusterung
28:Bonner Durchmusterung
542:Astronomical surveys
328:Kanas, Nick (2007).
114:Friedrich Argelander
268:Hipparcos Catalogue
252:Modern counterparts
177:celestial mechanics
118:apparent magnitudes
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196:Córdoba, Argentina
400:Project Gutenberg
347:978-0-387-71668-8
306:space observatory
284:Tycho-2 Catalogue
246:radioastronomical
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244:. Together with
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135:Eduard Schönfeld
108:Original catalog
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54:edit on Wikidata
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386:Further reading
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310:microarcseconds
276:Tycho Catalogue
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157:right ascension
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93:Durchmusterung
84:star catalogue
69:Durchmusterung
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516:Solar System
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312:(0.00002″).
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185:astrophysics
181:Solar System
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504:Outer space
492:Spaceflight
289:double star
153:declination
81:astrometric
33:Survey type
526:Categories
316:References
208:geodesists
127:(AGK) and
468:Astronomy
259:Hipparcos
200:Cape Town
171:Extension
142:Argentina
65:astronomy
376:Archived
224:ecliptic
222:and the
179:and the
163:for the
79:) is an
454:Portals
220:equinox
161:equinox
139:Cordoba
104:waves.
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367:SIMBAD
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198:, and
149:Sirius
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480:Stars
52:[
446:.dat
432:.dat
342:ISBN
302:Gaia
299:The
256:The
88:Bonn
334:doi
238:FK6
234:FK3
71:or
63:In
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77:BD
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75:(
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