17:
99:
The chiefdom gradually grew more homogeneous, until a divide occurred when two members of the leading family, Pato and Kama, split and settled different areas of the region. In addition, Kama converted to
Christianity, which further alienated himself from the royal family. Later, Kama was recognized
234:
100:
by the Cape Colony as the true leader of the chiefdom, possibly due to his religious conversion. This further eroded the influence of Pato and the ruling family of
Gqunukhwebe.
227:
220:
16:
637:
160:
Travels into the interior parts of Africa : by the way of the Cape of Good Hope in the years 1780, 81, 82, 83, 84, and 85 /
807:
651:
251:
243:
73:
787:
111:. Zolani ka-Ntlanganiso Phatho, a direct descendant of Pato, is currently next in line to be leader of the chiefdom.
55:, Hoengeniqua, Inqua and others) that had been displaced by colonists and became incorporated into the Xhosa nation.
848:
817:
579:
802:
604:
671:
661:
61:, a counselor and warrior under King Tshiwo, was chosen to lead the new chiefdom. This marked the start of his
181:
Beck, Roger B. (1993). "Frontiers: The Epic of South Africa's
Creation and the Tragedy of the Xhosa People".
812:
797:
617:
792:
755:
632:
622:
843:
729:
681:
676:
666:
58:
737:
686:
656:
612:
571:
374:
288:
103:
Today, the chiefdom is effectively two entities led from two different centres, with one led by the
559:
77:
32:
273:
198:
190:
163:
85:
93:
539:
133:
The
Wesleyan Juvenile Offering: A Miscellany of Missionary Information for Young Persons
128:
704:
643:
627:
423:
837:
822:
719:
714:
450:
437:
431:
416:
308:
782:
502:
402:
382:
361:
354:
333:
313:
298:
293:
283:
278:
268:
260:
89:
28:
194:
709:
554:
410:
395:
388:
348:
212:
597:
584:
534:
526:
81:
202:
167:
696:
549:
522:
303:
48:
44:
36:
319:
52:
40:
340:
590:
15:
216:
20:
Kama, The
Christian Kaffir Chief (July 1853, X, p.72)
775:
728:
695:
570:
521:
501:
449:
373:
259:
250:
162:. London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson ...
80:, but most of its territory was lost after the
84:and was given to colony settlers (west of the
228:
8:
139:. Wesleyan Missionary Society: 72. July 1853
69:which would lead the chiefdom for decades.
256:
235:
221:
213:
120:
7:
96:rivers) by the colonial government.
31:that was created under the reign of
129:"Kama, The Christian Kaffir Chief"
14:
158:Le Vaillant, Franðcois (1790).
72:The chiefdom spanned from the
1:
244:Ethnic groups in South Africa
195:10.1080/03612759.1993.9948789
183:History: Reviews of New Books
47:. It consisted mostly of the
39:, who was a grandfather to
865:
168:10.5962/bhl.title.101583
92:(between the Fish and
21:
27:is a chiefdom of the
19:
107:and one led by the
22:
849:Sub-ethnic groups
831:
830:
517:
516:
856:
763:
758:
646:
607:
600:
593:
440:
426:
419:
405:
398:
391:
383:Basotho/S. Sotho
364:
357:
343:
336:
329:
322:
257:
237:
230:
223:
214:
207:
206:
178:
172:
171:
155:
149:
148:
146:
144:
125:
59:Khwane kaLungane
864:
863:
859:
858:
857:
855:
854:
853:
834:
833:
832:
827:
771:
761:
754:
724:
691:
642:
603:
596:
589:
566:
513:
497:
445:
436:
422:
415:
401:
394:
387:
369:
360:
353:
339:
332:
325:
318:
246:
241:
211:
210:
180:
179:
175:
157:
156:
152:
142:
140:
127:
126:
122:
117:
35:(1670–1702) of
12:
11:
5:
862:
860:
852:
851:
846:
836:
835:
829:
828:
826:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
779:
777:
773:
772:
770:
769:
766:
765:
764:
759:
749:
746:
743:
742:Telegu/Andhras
740:
734:
732:
726:
725:
723:
722:
717:
712:
707:
705:Cape Coloureds
701:
699:
693:
692:
690:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
648:
647:
644:Afrikaner-Jews
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
609:
608:
601:
594:
582:
576:
574:
568:
567:
565:
564:
563:
562:
557:
547:
546:
545:
542:
531:
529:
519:
518:
515:
514:
512:
511:
507:
505:
499:
498:
496:
495:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
455:
453:
447:
446:
444:
443:
442:
441:
429:
428:
427:
420:
408:
407:
406:
399:
392:
379:
377:
371:
370:
368:
367:
366:
365:
358:
346:
345:
344:
337:
330:
323:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
265:
263:
254:
252:Bantu-speaking
248:
247:
242:
240:
239:
232:
225:
217:
209:
208:
189:(4): 174–175.
173:
150:
119:
118:
116:
113:
25:AmaGqunukhwebe
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
861:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
839:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
780:
778:
774:
767:
760:
757:
753:
752:
750:
747:
744:
741:
739:
736:
735:
733:
731:
727:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
702:
700:
698:
694:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
645:
641:
640:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
606:
602:
599:
595:
592:
588:
587:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
575:
573:
569:
561:
558:
556:
553:
552:
551:
548:
543:
541:
538:
537:
536:
533:
532:
530:
528:
524:
520:
509:
508:
506:
504:
500:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:
454:
452:
448:
439:
435:
434:
433:
430:
425:
421:
418:
414:
413:
412:
411:Pedi/N. Sotho
409:
404:
400:
397:
393:
390:
386:
385:
384:
381:
380:
378:
376:
372:
363:
359:
356:
352:
351:
350:
347:
342:
338:
335:
331:
328:
324:
321:
317:
316:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
266:
264:
262:
258:
255:
253:
249:
245:
238:
233:
231:
226:
224:
219:
218:
215:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
177:
174:
169:
165:
161:
154:
151:
138:
134:
130:
124:
121:
114:
112:
110:
106:
101:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
74:Buffalo River
70:
68:
64:
60:
56:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
18:
844:Xhosa people
375:Sotho-Tswana
326:
186:
182:
176:
159:
153:
141:. Retrieved
136:
132:
123:
108:
104:
102:
98:
90:Fengu people
71:
66:
62:
57:
29:Xhosa Nation
24:
23:
788:Zimbabweans
710:Cape Malays
687:Zimbabweans
657:Mozambicans
560:Strandloper
327:Gqunukhwebe
143:29 February
51:chiefdoms (
33:King Tshiwo
838:Categories
818:Pakistanis
751:Gujaratis
672:Portuguese
662:Norwegians
598:Cape Dutch
585:Afrikaners
274:Mpondomise
115:References
109:Kama house
105:Pato house
88:) and the
86:Fish River
82:Xhosa Wars
78:Zwaartkops
803:Nigerians
697:Coloureds
605:Huguenots
464:N'walungu
203:0361-2759
94:Keiskamma
808:Japanese
652:Lebanese
633:Italians
613:Angolans
550:Khoekhoe
476:Hlanganu
424:Mabelane
417:Balobedu
403:Batlokwa
304:Ndwandwe
45:Rharhabe
37:AmaXhosa
813:Koreans
798:Somalis
793:Chinese
730:Indians
720:Oorlams
715:Griquas
618:Germans
580:British
458:Hlengwe
396:Bataung
389:Bakoena
362:Khumalo
320:Gcaleka
289:Ndebele
65:dynasty
53:Gonaqua
41:Gcaleka
776:Others
768:Koknis
762:Surtis
756:Memons
738:Tamils
623:Greeks
572:Whites
494:Thonga
491:Ndzawu
485:Dzonga
479:Nhlave
473:Rhonga
467:Gwamba
451:Tsonga
438:Balete
432:Tswana
341:Xesibe
309:Thembu
201:
63:Khwane
783:Lemba
745:Hindi
682:Turks
677:Serbs
667:Poles
628:Irish
591:Boers
540:ǃKung
510:Ngona
503:Venda
470:Tswha
355:Fingo
334:Gaika
314:Xhosa
299:Swazi
294:Pondo
284:Hlubi
279:Fengu
269:Bhaca
261:Nguni
823:Roma
748:Urdu
638:Jews
555:Nama
544:ǀXam
525:and
523:Khoi
488:Copi
482:Bila
461:Xika
349:Zulu
199:ISSN
145:2016
49:Khoi
43:and
535:San
527:San
191:doi
164:doi
76:to
840::
197:.
187:21
185:.
135:.
131:.
236:e
229:t
222:v
205:.
193::
170:.
166::
147:.
137:X
67:,
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
