631:
the opener's suit, requires ten to twelve high card points and four cards in the responder's suit, for a total of nine. Likewise, a preemptive raise, which is a bid of four of the opener's suit, requires five cards in that suit, for a total of ten. The Law of Total tricks allows the opening bidder to raise such responses by the number of cards in excess of five in that suit.
208:
The tables at right help to illustrate the limits of the scoring advantage to be gained in duplicate bridge by preempting or sacrificing when the opponents may be successful in making a game contract. The level to which one may preempt, bid competitively or ultimately sacrifice is heavily influenced
610:
When viewed in context of the Law of Total Tricks, normal preemptive opening bids, described above, basically assume that the preemptive bidder's partner possesses two of the five to seven outstanding cards of the long suit—mathematically, the "expected" number based on equiprobable distribution of
539:
Over a preemptive opening bid or overcall at the "two" level, many partnerships use the 2NT response to ask for more information about the preemptive hand. In the
Standard American Yellow Card (SAYC) bidding system, the preemptive bidder responds by bidding another suit containing an ace or a king
524:
Raise opener's suit: Usually done to further the preempt with 3-card support (or jump with even more support), making it even more difficult for the opponents to compete. However, a raise to game can also be made with a good hand without support for opener if responder expects to make the contract.
511:
promises five hearts and either five clubs or five diamonds. Over a
Michaels Cue Bid in either major suit, partner's response of 2NT asks the Michaels bidder to bid the minor suit. If the Michaels bidder has a strong hand, the Michaels bidder can show the strength by rebidding an agreed suit at a
630:
The limit raises and preemptive raises of major suits in the
Standard American Yellow Card bidding system also conform to the Law of Total Tricks. By opening a major suit normally, the opening bidder promises at least five cards of the major suit. A "limit" raise, which is a response of three of
583:
The differentiation between "minimal" and "strong" preempts and between "poor" and "good" hands is a matter of partnership agreement, and typically depends upon the partnership's strictness in preemptive bidding. Partnerships that are very strict typically regard a suits with only two of the top
471:
bidding. However, there is always the danger that the preempting side could preempt themselves, taking up their own bidding space that could be used for constructive bidding. For example, four-card major openings have a more preemptive effect compared with five-card major openings, but also carry
331:
Obviously, preempts in the fourth seat are very rare, as there is nobody to preempt: they do occur occasionally, though, e.g. when the player has a near-opening bid with a long suit, but is reluctant to open on level 1 for fear of being outbid by perceived opponents' major. For example, the hand
60:, i.e. skipping one or more bidding levels. Since it deprives the opponents of the bidding space, it is expected that they will either find a wrong contract (too high or in a wrong denomination) of their own, or fail to find any. A preemptive bid often has the aim of a
408:
are generally similar to a preemptive opening. However, they are normally loosened in third seat, when the partner has already passed, so the opening bidder can be sure that the only side preempted are the opponents, and thus can bid with better or thinner values.
282:
A preemptive opening bid usually shows at least six (6) high card points and a suit with six or more cards headed by honors (typically either K-Q or better or Q-J-10 or better) but less than a normal opening bid. Some textbooks recommend the "rule of 2 and 3":"
531:
3NT: To play. Responder expects to make 9 tricks either by running partner's suit or his own. If responder expects to run opener's suit, support is needed as opener may not have outside entries to his hand. Also, responder should have stoppers in all
228:
In summary, based upon the expectation that the opponents are likely to bid and make game, it is advantageous to preempt, compete or sacrifice for down three when vulnerability is favorable, down two when equal and down one when unfavorable.
611:
the missing cards. Thus, the Law of Total Tricks implies that the preemptive opener's partner can safely raise the preemptive opening bid by the number of cards in excess of two in the named suit (for example, raise an opening bid of 3
286:
Obviously, preempting at unfavorable vulnerability entails greater risk; such preempts, if ever, are often made with an intention of making the contract, and the long suit is often backed up by an unusual distribution, such as 7-4-2-0.
458:
In a more general sense, even low-level and non-jump bids can have a preemptive value if they deprive the opponents of bidding suits that they could otherwise bid on level 1 or 2. For example, weak 1 notrump (characteristic for
600:(often referred to as the "LAW") as a rule of thumb for preemptive and sacrificial bidding. Bids dictated by the LAW are often sacrificial, but nonetheless produce consistently better results with proper play. The LAW states:
55:
whose primary objectives are (1) to thwart opponents' ability to bid to their best contract, with some safety, and (2) to fully describe one's hand to one's partner in a single bid. A preemptive bid is usually made by
216:
We are Not
Vulnerable and They are (favorable vulnerability): The opponents are likely to score 600 or 620 points at game and a sacrifice bid which is defeated by no more than three tricks will lose at most 500
220:
We are
Vulnerable and They are not (unfavorable vulnerability): The opponents are likely to score 400 or 420 points at game and a sacrifice bid which is defeated by no more than one trick will lose at most 200
213:
Neither side is
Vulnerable (equal vulnerability): The opponents are likely to score 400 or 420 points at game and a sacrifice bid which is defeated by no more than two tricks will lose at most 300 points.
237:
A preemptive opening bid is one made on the second or higher level, typically showing a weak hand containing a long, strong suit. Preemptive opening bids on the third or higher level are common for most
224:
Both sides are
Vulnerable (equal vulnerability): The opponents are likely to score 600 or 620 points at game and a sacrifice bid which is defeated by no more than two tricks will lose at most 500 points.
1957:
897:
267:
opener. The bid is made on presumption that, without any additional tricks from the partner, at least six tricks can be taken with hearts as trump, and the potential penalty of 500 points in 3
479:
is a bid of two of a suit in which an opponent has bid one that promises two five-card suits including the unbid majors and, in most partnerships, at least seven or eight HCP. Thus, either 1
290:
An alternative approach is to bid the level suggested by the Law of Total Tricks, with the assumption that partner's hand has one third of the remaining trumps. Using this approach,
472:
less precise information, as the partner should not support the opened suit without at least 4 cards; that could result in missing a partial contract or even a game.
890:
316:) is strong and artificial, typically showing at least 22 HCP, and thus is not available for preemption for hand with six clubs. Thus, some partnerships bid 3
2083:
2482:
2078:
1978:
2518:
2382:
2377:
2118:
2093:
2088:
2048:
2033:
1998:
1988:
883:
584:
three or three of the top four honors as "poor" while partnerships that preempt with poorer suits may regard such suits as "good." Hands that respond 3
70:
knowing it cannot be made, but assumes that (even when doubled), the penalty will still be smaller than the value of opponents' bid and made contract.
2737:
2513:
2123:
2023:
2003:
1983:
540:
or, lacking such a suit, by rebidding the suit of the preempt at the "three" level. In either case, the responder can then place the final contract.
2727:
2297:
2108:
2103:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2028:
2008:
1993:
2144:
2098:
2053:
2043:
2038:
2013:
209:
by the vulnerability status of each side and the assumption that the defending side will double the contract. There are four possible scenarios:
2356:
2113:
2058:
2018:
2846:
2292:
767:
605:"In a competitive auction, it is safe to bid a number of total tricks equal to the number of trumps in the combined hands of both partners."
2881:
2677:
2888:
2717:
2592:
2919:
1224:
1020:
865:
845:
825:
799:
787:
730:
701:
276:
272:
39:
3008:
2149:
1500:
463:
system) opening takes up entire level 1 from the opponents, who could bid their long suit on level 1 had the opening been 1 of a
2752:
2472:
2467:
2442:
2437:
2312:
2307:
2242:
1778:
520:
Since the preempter has a weak hand, responder will pass most of the time. However, responder also has the following options:
2747:
2612:
2602:
2542:
2487:
2457:
2452:
2139:
1952:
1560:
320:
with good preemptive hand (typically at least 8 HCP) that has only six clubs. Many partnerships that use an opening bid of 2
2607:
2867:
2806:
2462:
1565:
528:
2NT: Asking to further describe the hand (forcing). Opener bids a feature or rebids their suit with no further information
2637:
2537:
2432:
2732:
2667:
2647:
2552:
2302:
2287:
2252:
2237:
1803:
1461:
20:
2833:
2762:
2427:
2267:
2257:
2247:
1030:
1005:
980:
2823:
2672:
1947:
1254:
1244:
588:
or 3NT typically do not have outside entries, as their long suits contain nearly all of their high card points.
2853:
2557:
1035:
48:
2767:
2547:
360:
A preemptive bidder bids again only if his or her partner makes a conventional bid that requires a response.
2587:
2447:
2317:
2272:
2206:
1335:
995:
659:
2895:
2627:
2412:
2387:
2282:
2216:
1818:
1763:
1304:
2707:
2702:
2262:
1813:
1520:
1395:
1370:
685:
2201:
1699:
1400:
2902:
2697:
2682:
2652:
2582:
2577:
2407:
2277:
2211:
1239:
718:
417:
A partnership can preempt the opponents cooperatively, having discovered that they have an excellent
2963:
2662:
2657:
2477:
1962:
1808:
1783:
1748:
1204:
1075:
597:
2874:
2811:
2757:
2712:
2191:
2175:
2165:
1445:
1264:
1209:
1129:
1080:
1065:
975:
955:
61:
2932:
1375:
2979:
2742:
2642:
2622:
2523:
2392:
1793:
1679:
1600:
1580:
1440:
1365:
1269:
1194:
1149:
1025:
861:
841:
821:
795:
783:
763:
736:
726:
697:
468:
35:
2946:
2687:
2597:
1878:
1857:
1773:
1743:
1733:
1728:
1545:
1540:
1340:
1259:
1169:
1015:
1010:
1000:
970:
544:
309:
2939:
2567:
2562:
2422:
1903:
1873:
1669:
1659:
1595:
1550:
1199:
1189:
1159:
1060:
1050:
990:
985:
906:
476:
67:
52:
27:
1684:
1435:
2860:
2508:
2196:
1843:
1828:
1798:
1788:
1753:
1689:
1674:
1590:
1515:
1505:
1420:
1350:
1289:
1144:
1139:
960:
935:
239:
79:
31:
357:
in the fourth seat, hoping to silence the opponents' with their spades and/or hearts.
298:" (now standard), bid at the "two" level with six cards of the suit (except in clubs),
19:
This article is about a term used in contract bridge. For other uses of the word, see
3002:
2632:
2402:
2397:
1898:
1888:
1833:
1823:
1768:
1758:
1738:
1704:
1694:
1664:
1649:
1605:
1535:
1525:
1274:
1154:
1124:
1055:
950:
945:
940:
690:
2572:
2372:
1908:
1883:
1838:
1585:
1575:
1555:
1430:
1405:
1314:
1309:
1294:
1179:
1070:
1040:
965:
640:
421:
fit but not much overall defensive strength. For example, after the partner opens 1
418:
363:
295:
725:(9th printing, 1997, revised and expanded ed.). Boca Raton, FL: Natco Press.
2828:
2503:
2170:
1714:
1635:
1415:
1380:
1360:
1284:
1249:
1174:
1134:
2617:
2417:
2221:
1893:
1709:
1425:
1319:
1299:
1279:
1219:
1214:
1045:
464:
430:
2692:
1654:
1510:
1355:
2722:
1390:
1229:
1184:
405:
1630:
1530:
1410:
1164:
1085:
370:
1570:
671:
875:
503:
promises five spades and either five clubs or five diamonds, and 1
547:
provides a more informative set of responses to the 2NT inquiry.
1385:
1345:
740:
569:
shows a "strong" preempt (typically 8-10 HCP) and a "poor" suit.
555:
shows a "minimal" preempt (typically 6-7 HCP) and a "poor" suit.
460:
2788:
2338:
1929:
1482:
1106:
917:
879:
672:"Responding to Two Diamonds, Two Hearts and Two Spade Openings"
475:
Many partnerships also use
Michaels Cue Bids preemptively. A
425:
and RHO doubles, the following hand is suitable for a bid of 5
366:
opening bid is often used to preempt with a solid minor suit.
2140:
List of bridge people with
Knowledge (XXG) (English) articles
304:
Bid at the "four" level with eight or nine cards of the suit.
579:
3NT shows that the preempt suit is "solid" (headed by AKQ).
401:) that is otherwise identical to a preemptive opening bid.
301:
Bid at the "three" level with seven cards of the suit, and
328:
with a good preemptive hand that has only six diamonds.
271:
doubled is smaller than the value or opponents' likely
658:
Merriam
Webster Dictionary, "Rule of Two and Three",
2972:
2956:
2912:
2799:
2496:
2365:
2349:
2230:
2184:
2158:
2132:
1971:
1940:
1866:
1614:
1493:
1454:
1328:
1117:
928:
794:162 pages. Also: (1976) London: Robert Hale Books.
689:
692:Points Schmoints! Bergen's Winning Bridge Secrets
619:with three hearts (7+3=10 total tricks) or to 5
782:. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
625:regardless of the responder's high card points
389:A preemptive overcall is a jump overcall (so 2
891:
774:290 pages. Second Edition 1996, Magnus Books.
723:To Bid or Not to Bid: The LAW of Total Tricks
308:Note that, in the "Weak Twos" convention, an
8:
810:. Port Chester, NY: Barclay Bridge Supplies.
562:shows a "minimal" preempt and a "good" suit.
525:Opener must pass after any raise by partner.
495:promises both five hearts and five spades, 1
2483:World Transnational Open Teams Championship
576:shows a "strong" preempt and a "good" suit.
2796:
2785:
2519:European Universities Bridge Championships
2383:Bridge at the 2012 World Mind Sports Games
2378:Bridge at the 2008 World Mind Sports Games
2346:
2335:
1937:
1926:
1490:
1479:
1114:
1103:
925:
914:
898:
884:
876:
2738:United States Bridge Championships - Open
2514:Commonwealth Nations Bridge Championships
623:with four hearts (7+4=11 total tricks)),
324:as a conventional bid will likewise bid 3
87:Our Score If We Are Doubled and Defeated
2298:List of contract bridge governing bodies
174:
83:
820:. Sydney, Australia: Grand Slam Books.
651:
2357:List of bridge competitions and awards
1958:List of nationality transfers in sport
758:Andersen, Ron; Zenkel, Sabine (1993).
381:are no longer available for preempts.
2847:25 Bridge Conventions You Should Know
2728:Sternberg Women's Board-a-Match Teams
2293:International Mind Sports Association
404:The suit requirements for preemptive
7:
2531:North American bridge Championships:
816:Marston, Paul; Hughes, Nick (1992).
2882:The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge
2678:North American Bridge Championships
860:. Louisville, KY: Devyn Press Inc.
812:Revised 1973, further revised 1991.
615:, which promises seven hearts, to 4
535:Bid a new suit below game: To play.
2889:Planning the Play of a Bridge Hand
2593:Keohane North American Swiss Teams
14:
2920:List of contract bridge magazines
1225:Optimum contract and par contract
1021:Glossary of contract bridge terms
856:Wei, C.C.; Andersen, Ron (1992).
762:. Stamford, Conn.: Magnus Books.
40:Glossary of contract bridge terms
585:
559:
492:
488:
447:
390:
378:
354:
344:
325:
321:
254:
2718:Smith Life Master Women's Pairs
2473:World Senior Teams Championship
2468:World Senior Pairs Championship
2443:World Junior Teams Championship
2438:World Junior Pairs Championship
2313:United States Bridge Federation
2308:South African Bridge Federation
2243:American Contract Bridge League
1779:Non-simultaneous double squeeze
47:(also spelled "pre-empt") is a
2748:Von Zedtwitz Life Master Pairs
2613:Manfield Non-Life Master Pairs
2603:Leventritt Silver Ribbon Pairs
2543:Edgar Kaplan Blue Ribbon Pairs
2488:World Women Pairs Championship
2458:World Mixed Teams Championship
2453:World Mixed Pairs Championship
1953:List of contract bridge people
1561:Principle of restricted choice
696:. Stamford, CT: Magnus Books.
620:
616:
612:
573:
566:
508:
504:
500:
496:
441:
437:
398:
338:
334:
268:
264:
248:
244:
1:
2868:Contract Bridge for Beginners
2807:List of contract bridge books
2463:World Open Pairs Championship
2145:List of bridge administrators
840:. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd.
552:
484:
480:
451:
394:
374:
348:
317:
313:
258:
66:, where a partnership bids a
2753:Wagar Women's Knockout Teams
2638:Mitchell Board-a-Match Teams
2538:ACBL King or Queen of Bridge
2433:World IMP Pairs Championship
178:Our Score If They Make Game
2733:Truscott Senior Swiss Teams
2668:Non-Life Master Swiss Teams
2648:Nail Life Master Open Pairs
2608:Machlin Women's Swiss Teams
2553:Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match
2303:Norwegian Bridge Federation
2288:Hungarian Bridge Federation
2253:Brazilian Bridge Federation
2238:American Bridge Association
1804:Simultaneous double squeeze
1462:List of bidding conventions
669:Bridge7: Section 3.4.1.2 -
242:; for example, the hand of
21:Preemption (disambiguation)
3025:
2834:Terence Reese bibliography
2790:Publications and resources
2428:World Bridge Championships
2268:Canadian Bridge Federation
2258:Bridge Federation of India
2248:Austrian Bridge Federation
1031:History of contract bridge
1006:Duplicate bridge movements
808:The Weak Two Bid in Bridge
199:
194:
77:
25:
18:
2824:Edwin Kantar bibliography
2795:
2784:
2673:Norman Kay Platinum Pairs
2345:
2334:
1948:ACBL Youngest Life Master
1936:
1925:
1489:
1478:
1255:Quantitative notrump bids
1245:Principle of fast arrival
1113:
1102:
924:
913:
806:Feldheim, Harold (1971).
177:
96:
91:
86:
2854:Bridge Squeezes Complete
2829:Hugh Kelsey bibliography
2558:Fall National Open Pairs
1931:People and organizations
1036:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
429:, outbidding opponents'
310:opening bid of two clubs
3009:Contract bridge bidding
2763:Whitehead Women's Pairs
2588:Jacoby Open Swiss Teams
2448:World Mind Sports Games
2318:World Bridge Federation
2273:Dutch Bridge Federation
2207:Galatasaray Bridge Team
1501:List of play techniques
1336:List of bidding systems
996:Contract bridge diagram
592:The law of total tricks
353:might reasonably open 3
2896:Right Through the Pack
2628:Mini-Blue Ribbon Pairs
2413:Triple crown of bridge
2388:Cavendish Invitational
2283:European Bridge League
2217:Portland Club (London)
2150:List of bridge writers
1819:Stepping-stone squeeze
1764:Entry-shifting squeeze
1401:Kaplan–Sheinwold
1305:Useful space principle
838:Step by Step Pre-empts
608:
16:Bid in contract bridge
2708:Senior Knockout Teams
2703:Roth Open Swiss Teams
2263:British Bridge League
1396:Highly unusual method
1371:Bridge World Standard
858:Profits from Preempts
778:Ewen, Robert (1975).
602:
596:Many players use the
202: -620 in a suit
2903:Tickets to the Devil
2698:Rockwell Mixed Pairs
2683:North American Pairs
2653:National 199er Pairs
2583:Hilliard Mixed Pairs
2578:Grand National Teams
2408:Senior Bowl (bridge)
2278:English Bridge Union
2212:Melville Bridge Club
1240:Prepared opening bid
836:Mould, Alan (1997).
450: Q108542
393:is preemptive over 1
385:Preemptive overcalls
197: -420 in a suit
2964:Grand Slam (BBC TV)
2768:Young LM–1500 Pairs
2663:National 99er Pairs
2658:National 49er Pairs
2548:Bruce LM–5000 Pairs
2478:World Team Olympiad
1963:Bridge Headquarters
1809:Single-suit squeeze
1784:Progressive squeeze
1749:Criss-cross squeeze
1205:Law of total tricks
1076:Traveling scoreslip
780:Pre-emptive Bidding
598:law of total tricks
347: KQJ963
233:Preemptive openings
200: -600 in NT or
195: -400 in NT or
2875:Design for Bidding
2812:Master Point Press
2758:Wernher Open Pairs
2713:Silodor Open Pairs
2497:National and Zonal
2192:Bridge Base Online
1972:Players by country
1851:Suit combinations:
1700:Morton's fork coup
1446:Strong club system
1265:Sacrifice (bridge)
1210:Losing-Trick Count
1130:Balancing (bridge)
1066:Singaporean bridge
976:Cheating in bridge
956:Bridge Murder case
2996:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2980:Bridge Base Basic
2780:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2743:Vanderbilt Trophy
2643:Mott-Smith Trophy
2623:Master Individual
2524:Gold Cup (bridge)
2393:Computer Olympiad
2330:
2329:
2326:
2325:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1794:Saturated squeeze
1680:Deschapelles coup
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1441:Standard American
1366:Bridge Base Basic
1270:Shooting (bridge)
1195:Honor point count
1150:Bridge convention
1098:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1026:High card by suit
769:978-0-9637533-0-4
760:Preempts from A-Z
469:Standard American
433:game in advance:
206:
205:
173:
172:
36:Bridge convention
3016:
2947:The Bridge World
2929:
2928:
2843:
2842:
2821:
2820:
2797:
2786:
2688:Red Ribbon Pairs
2598:Lebhar IMP Pairs
2533:
2532:
2347:
2336:
2231:Governing bodies
1938:
1927:
1879:Journalist leads
1858:Suit combination
1853:
1852:
1774:Knockout squeeze
1744:Compound squeeze
1734:Cannibal squeeze
1729:Backwash squeeze
1724:
1723:
1645:
1644:
1626:
1625:
1541:Grosvenor gambit
1491:
1480:
1341:2/1 game forcing
1260:Reverse (bridge)
1170:Five-card majors
1115:
1104:
1011:Five-suit bridge
1001:Duplicate bridge
926:
915:
900:
893:
886:
877:
871:
851:
831:
818:Opening Two Bids
811:
793:
773:
746:
744:
715:
709:
707:
695:
682:
676:
675:
667:
661:
656:
622:
618:
614:
587:
575:
568:
561:
554:
545:Ogust convention
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:Michaels Cue Bid
455:
453:
449:
445:
443:
439:
428:
424:
400:
396:
392:
380:
376:
356:
352:
350:
346:
342:
340:
336:
327:
323:
319:
315:
270:
266:
262:
260:
257: J62
256:
252:
250:
246:
175:
84:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3013:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2984:
2968:
2952:
2940:Bridge Magazine
2933:Bridge d'Italia
2926:
2925:
2908:
2840:
2839:
2819:Bibliographies:
2818:
2817:
2791:
2772:
2568:Fishbein Trophy
2563:Fast Open Pairs
2530:
2529:
2492:
2423:WBF Youth Award
2361:
2341:
2322:
2226:
2180:
2154:
2128:
1967:
1932:
1913:
1874:Forcing defense
1862:
1850:
1849:
1721:
1720:
1670:Coup en passant
1660:Belladonna coup
1642:
1641:
1623:
1622:
1610:
1596:Trump promotion
1551:Percentage play
1485:
1466:
1450:
1376:Canapé (bridge)
1324:
1200:Inverted minors
1190:Hand evaluation
1160:Convention card
1109:
1090:
1051:Neuberg formula
991:Contract bridge
986:Computer bridge
920:
909:
907:Contract bridge
904:
868:
855:
848:
835:
828:
815:
805:
790:
777:
770:
757:
754:
752:Further reading
749:
733:
717:
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704:
684:
683:
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668:
664:
657:
653:
649:
637:
594:
518:
446:
440: 83
436:
426:
422:
415:
387:
343:
333:
253:
243:
240:bidding systems
235:
201:
196:
189:
184:
98:
93:
82:
76:
74:Scoring context
53:contract bridge
42:
28:Contract bridge
26:Main articles:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3022:
3020:
3012:
3011:
3001:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2976:
2974:
2973:External links
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2960:
2958:
2954:
2953:
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2922:
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2914:
2910:
2909:
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2885:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2861:The Cardturner
2857:
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2803:
2801:
2793:
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2789:
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2565:
2560:
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2511:
2509:Camrose Trophy
2506:
2500:
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2475:
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2209:
2204:
2199:
2197:Cavendish Club
2194:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
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2016:
2011:
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2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1973:
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1886:
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1876:
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1868:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1846:
1844:Winkle squeeze
1841:
1836:
1831:
1829:Triple squeeze
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1799:Simple squeeze
1796:
1791:
1789:Pseudo-squeeze
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1754:Double squeeze
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1690:Loser on loser
1687:
1682:
1677:
1675:Crocodile coup
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1638:
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1506:Avoidance play
1503:
1497:
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1471:
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1421:Precision Club
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1351:Bidding system
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1290:Takeout double
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1145:Board (bridge)
1142:
1140:Bidding system
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988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
961:Bridge scoring
958:
953:
948:
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938:
936:Auction bridge
932:
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556:
537:
536:
533:
529:
526:
517:
514:
512:higher level.
414:
413:Other preempts
411:
397:but not over 1
386:
383:
337: 3
306:
305:
302:
299:
263:is a typical 3
251: KQJ9854
247: 4
234:
231:
226:
225:
222:
218:
214:
204:
203:
198:
192:
191:
186:
185:Not Vulnerable
180:
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164:
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157:
156:
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150:
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115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
101:
100:
95:
94:Not Vulnerable
89:
88:
80:Bridge scoring
78:Main article:
75:
72:
32:Bidding system
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10:
9:
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2633:Mini-Spingold
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2419:
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2403:Rosenblum Cup
2401:
2399:
2398:McConnell Cup
2396:
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2391:
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2386:
2384:
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2379:
2376:
2374:
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2340:Championships
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2174:
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2161:
2157:
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2148:
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2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2124:United States
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
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2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
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2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1928:
1924:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1899:Rusinow leads
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1889:Rule of 10-12
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:Defender play
1865:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1834:Trump squeeze
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1824:Strip squeeze
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1769:Guard squeeze
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1759:Entry squeeze
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1739:Clash squeeze
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1705:Scissors coup
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1695:Merrimac coup
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1650:Alcatraz coup
1648:
1646:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:Declarer play
1613:
1607:
1606:Vacant Places
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1566:Probabilities
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
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1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
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1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1477:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1275:Single suiter
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1155:Brown sticker
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1125:Balanced hand
1123:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1101:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1056:Rubber bridge
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
951:Bridge maxims
949:
947:
946:Bridge-O-Rama
944:
942:
941:Bridge ethics
939:
937:
934:
933:
931:
927:
923:
916:
912:
908:
901:
896:
894:
889:
887:
882:
881:
878:
869:
867:0-910791-37-6
863:
859:
854:
849:
847:0-7134-8163-3
843:
839:
834:
829:
827:1-875282-01-7
823:
819:
814:
809:
804:
801:
800:0-7091-5601-4
797:
791:
789:0-13-695296-8
785:
781:
776:
771:
765:
761:
756:
755:
751:
742:
738:
734:
732:0-9634715-0-3
728:
724:
720:
714:
711:
705:
703:0-9637533-2-0
699:
694:
693:
687:
686:Bergen, Marty
681:
678:
673:
666:
663:
660:
655:
652:
646:
642:
639:
638:
634:
632:
628:
626:
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606:
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564:
557:
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541:
534:
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478:
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434:
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420:
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358:
329:
311:
303:
300:
297:
296:weak two bids
293:
292:
291:
288:
284:
280:
278:
274:
241:
232:
230:
223:
219:
215:
212:
211:
210:
193:
188:When They are
187:
183:When They are
182:
181:
176:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
90:
85:
81:
73:
71:
69:
65:
64:
59:
54:
50:
46:
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
2957:TV and Radio
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2816:
2573:Goren Trophy
2528:
2373:Bermuda Bowl
1909:Smith signal
1884:Opening lead
1848:
1839:Vice squeeze
1814:Squeeze play
1719:
1685:Devil's coup
1640:
1621:
1586:Smother play
1556:Pin (bridge)
1521:Card reading
1436:Säffle Spade
1431:Romex system
1406:Little Major
1315:Weak two bid
1310:Void (cards)
1295:Three suiter
1234:
1180:Forcing pass
1041:Masterpoints
966:Bridge whist
857:
837:
817:
807:
802:. 162 pages.
779:
759:
722:
719:Cohen, Larry
713:
691:
680:
665:
654:
641:Weak two bid
629:
624:
609:
604:
603:
595:
582:
542:
538:
519:
474:
457:
435:
416:
403:
388:
368:
364:Gambling 3NT
362:
359:
330:
307:
294:If playing "
289:
285:
281:
236:
227:
207:
62:
57:
44:
43:
2504:Buffett Cup
2202:Crockford's
2171:Dallas Aces
2133:Other lists
2114:Switzerland
2084:New Zealand
2019:Netherlands
1715:Vienna coup
1636:Safety play
1455:Conventions
1416:Polish Club
1381:Carrot Club
1361:Boring Club
1285:Strong pass
1250:Psychic bid
1175:Forcing bid
1135:Bidding box
454: QJ64
351: AJ92
190:Vulnerable
110:Undertricks
104:Undertricks
99:Vulnerable
97:When We are
92:When We are
2927:Magazines:
2618:Marcus Cup
2418:Venice Cup
2222:Savoy Club
1894:Rule of 11
1710:Trump coup
1426:Roman Club
1320:Zar Points
1300:Two suiter
1280:Stolen bid
1220:Minor suit
1215:Major suit
1046:Minibridge
872:162 pages.
852:143 pages.
647:References
467:, like in
431:major suit
373:is used, 4
2913:Magazines
2693:Reisinger
2176:Four Aces
2166:Blue Team
1979:Australia
1722:Squeezes:
1655:Bath coup
1511:Beer card
1484:Card play
1356:Blue Club
971:Bridgette
832:59 pages.
745:, 286 pp.
708:, 210 pp.
516:Responses
406:overcalls
341: 94
261: 95
3003:Category
2723:Spingold
2094:Pakistan
1999:Bulgaria
1601:Uppercut
1581:Shooting
1391:Fantunes
1230:Overcall
1185:Game try
919:Overview
741:92-80759
721:(1992).
688:(1995).
635:See also
444: 4
68:contract
2350:General
2059:Ireland
2049:Hungary
2044:Germany
2034:Fiction
2029:England
2014:Denmark
1994:Britain
1984:Austria
1941:General
1631:Finesse
1546:Hold up
1531:Endplay
1494:General
1411:Moscito
1329:Systems
1235:Preempt
1165:Cue bid
1118:General
1108:Bidding
1086:Vugraph
1016:Goulash
981:Chicago
929:General
371:Namyats
221:points.
217:points.
58:jumping
45:Preempt
2841:Books:
2119:Taiwan
2109:Sweden
2104:Russia
2099:Poland
2089:Norway
2079:Monaco
2074:Mexico
2064:Israel
2039:France
2004:Canada
1989:Brazil
1904:Signal
1643:Coups:
1624:Basic:
1571:Revoke
1061:Screen
864:
844:
824:
798:
786:
766:
739:
729:
700:
532:suits.
169:-1100
113:Score
38:, and
2800:Books
2366:World
2185:Clubs
2159:Teams
2069:Italy
2054:India
2024:Egypt
2009:China
1591:Tempo
1536:Entry
1516:Caddy
1081:Trump
465:minor
377:and 4
155:-800
141:-500
127:-200
107:Score
1665:Coup
1576:Ruff
1526:Duck
1386:EHAA
1346:Acol
1071:Suit
862:ISBN
842:ISBN
822:ISBN
796:ISBN
784:ISBN
764:ISBN
737:LCCN
727:ISBN
698:ISBN
543:The
487:or 1
461:Acol
419:suit
277:slam
273:game
163:-800
149:-500
135:-300
121:-100
63:save
369:If
275:or
51:in
49:bid
3005::
735:.
627:.
507:-2
499:-2
491:-2
483:-2
312:(2
279:.
34:,
30:,
899:e
892:t
885:v
870:.
850:.
830:.
792:.
772:.
743:.
706:.
674:.
621:♥
617:♥
613:♥
586:♦
574:♠
572:3
567:♥
565:3
560:♦
558:3
553:♣
551:3
509:♠
505:♠
501:♥
497:♥
493:♦
489:♦
485:♣
481:♣
452:♣
448:♦
442:♥
438:♠
427:♦
423:♦
399:♥
395:♣
391:♦
379:♦
375:♣
355:♦
349:♣
345:♦
339:♥
335:♠
326:♦
322:♦
318:♣
314:♣
269:♥
265:♥
259:♣
255:♦
249:♥
245:♠
166:4
160:4
152:3
146:3
138:2
132:2
124:1
118:1
23:.
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