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changes might reflect overproduction of synapses in the preadolescent years; in subsequent years, there seems to be pruning dependent on environmental context, corresponding to increased synchronicity of neuron firing. A key caveat from these imaging studies, however, is that there exists significant variability in the timing and characteristics of neurological change in preadolescents. Neurological changes, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, appear to be highly dependent on
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experience same-sex attraction, familial support and acceptance consistently predicts positive outcomes. Parents and guardians can support preadolescents, regardless of sexual orientation, by having honest conversations about sex. Specifically, parents can talk and listen in a way that invites preadolescents to have an open discussion about sexual orientation.
331:
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noted that latency period children in middle childhood can then direct more of their energy into asexual pursuits such as school, athletics, and same-sex friendships. Nevertheless, recent research contradicts these notions—suggesting that sexual development, interest, and behavior among latent period
856:
Among these changes is the shift from elementary to middle (or junior high) school. In this unfamiliar environment, the child may find the pressure to rapidly adapt and fit in. Children start to spend less time with family and more time with friends. At this time, socialization by the school and peer
860:
While children find this need to fit in, preadolescents have a conflicting desire to establish their own individualism. As the child grows into the transitionary period of preadolescence, the child often starts to develop a sense of autonomy as the child is exposed to a larger world around them full
753:. The wish and capacity to have an impact, and to act upon that with persistence'; and will have a more developed sense of looking into the future and seeing effects of their actions (as opposed to early childhood where children often do not worry about their future). This can include more realistic
744:
Preadolescent children have a different view of the world from younger children in many significant ways. Typically, theirs is a more realistic view of life than the intense, fantasy-oriented world of earliest childhood. Preadolescents have more mature, sensible, realistic thoughts and actions: 'the
711:
gray matter increases in early life, peaks in preadolescence, and declines through adulthood, with the exception of occipital lobe gray matter. For example, parietal lobe gray matter peaks at age 10 in girls and 12 in boys, while frontal lobe gray matter peaks at age 11 in girls and 12 in boys. Such
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Where development has been optimal, preadolescents 'come to school for something to be added to their lives; they want to learn lessons...which can lead to their eventually working in a job like their parents.' When earlier developmental stages have gone astray, however, then, on the principle that
740:
agents in children's lives: the family environment...and formal educational institutions,' it is 'the family in its function a primary socializer of the child' that predominates in the first five years of life: middle childhood by contrast is characterized by 'a child's readiness for school...being
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With regards to pubic hair development, the scale goes as follows: Stage 1-no hair; 2-downy hair; 3-scant terminal hair; 4-terminal hair overlying the pubic triangle; 5-terminal hair extending to the thigh. With regards to male genitalia development, the scale goes as follows: 1-testes at the same
896:
Children at the threshold of adolescence in the nine-to-twelve-year-old group would seem to have particular vulnerabilities to parental separation. Among such problems were the very "eagerness of these youngsters to be co-opted into the parental battling; their willingness to take sides...and the
888:'if you miss a stage, you can always go through it later,' some middle children 'come to school for another purpose... to learn but to find a home from home...a stable emotional situation in which they can exercise their own emotional liability, a group of which they can gradually become a part.'
917:
Some scholars suggest that 'pre-adolescents ... reported frequent encounters with sexual material in the media, valued the information received from it, and used it as a learning resource ... and evaluated such content through what they perceived to be sexual morality.' However, other
878:
do not always do so during adolescence. On average, gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals report experiencing same-sex attraction in early adolescence, at age 12. About 4 in 10 gay men, and 2 in 10 lesbian women report experiencing same-sex attraction before age 10. For individuals who begin to
614:
Early puberty begins as the result of the initiation of the pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion by the hypothalamus; the exact mechanism of this initiation is currently unknown and remains under investigation. Pulsatile GnRH secretion results in the pulsatile secretions of
812:. The ability to balance one's own needs with those of others in group activities'. Many preadolescents will often start to question their home life and surroundings around this time and they may also start to form opinions that may differ from their upbringing in regards to issues such as
539:, a junior high school typically serves 7th to 9th grade students, whereas a middle school serves 6th to 8th grade students. Therefore, middle schools serve a slightly younger demographic, more befitting of preadolescents, while junior high schools typically serve young adolescents.
605:
One can also distinguish middle childhood and preadolescence – middle childhood from approximately 5–8 years, as opposed to the time children are generally considered to reach preadolescence. There is no exact agreement as to when preadolescence starts and ends.
873:
and puberty. Early adolescents may become aware of their sexuality for the first time, and experience attraction towards others. Homosexual and heterosexual experimentation is not uncommon, although it is important to note that many teens who eventually identify as
716:. Toxins, hormones, and lifestyle factors including stress and nutrition impact neurological maturation, demonstrating the importance of early lifestyle health interventions in preadolescence with regards to neurological and psychological development.
673:; 3-breast tissue palpable outside of areola; 4-areola elevated above breast contour; 5-areolar mound recedes into single breast contour. The average age in which both males and females reach Tanner stage 5 of pubertal development is around 15–16.
693:
refers to the region of the nervous system corresponding to neuronal cell bodies, which process and relay neuronal signals. White matter volume increases at a relatively linear rate of about 12% from ages 4 through 22, specifically focused in the
615:
gonadotropins
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), which act on the gonads (ovaries in females or testicles in males) to cause increase secretion of sex steroids. In females, the predominant sex steroid released is
1657:
Giedd, J. N.; Blumenthal, J.; Jeffries, N. O.; Castellanos, F. X.; Liu, H.; Zijdenbos, A.; Paus, T.; Evans, A. C.; Rapoport, J. L. (October 1999). "Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study".
843:(choosing a single sport to play intensively or year-round) before puberty has a high risk of injuries. Youth sports organizations recommend a minimum of five hours of free play per week for preadolescent athletes.
550:
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lobes. Increases in white matter volume may be correlated to improvements of fine motor performance, auditory processing, as well as sensory information transfer between language areas of the brain. In contrast,
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than younger children and have interests based on internet trends, television shows and movies (no longer just cartoons), fashion, technology, music and social media. Preadolescents generally prefer certain
602:. However, in some individuals (particularly females), puberty begins in the preadolescence years. Studies indicate that the onset of puberty has been one year earlier with each generation since the 1950s.
853:
Prior to adolescence, children may have a dependence on their family as their main agent of socialization. This helps the child establish their attitudes, viewpoints, social norms, and societal roles.
361:
914:, and are a heavily targeted market of many advertisers. Their tendency to buy brand-name items may be due to a desire to fit in, although the desire is not as strong as it is with teenagers.
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of sudden and unfamiliar changes. Compounded with a sense of self-consciousness, the preadolescent starts to explore their own self-identity and their role in society further.
354:
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Brix, Nis; Ernst, Andreas; Lauridsen, Lea Lykke Braskhøj; Parner, Erik; Støvring, Henrik; Olsen, Jørn; Henriksen, Tine Brink; Ramlau-Hansen, Cecilia Høst (January 2019).
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refers to the region of the nervous system corresponding to neuronal axons, which form fibers that convey information across different regions of the brain. In contrast,
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They may choose their own activities, though they are still susceptible to pressure from others around them. Many preadolescents play organized sports, but necessary
857:
environment can become more predominant, as the preadolescent starts to learn more about how they would wish to hold themselves during interpersonal relationships.
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During preadolescence (early adolescence), individuals may become more preoccupied with body image and privacy, corresponding to physical changes seen during
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self-assured and interested; knowing what kind of behavior is expected...being able to wait, to follow directions, and getting along with other children.'
307:
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1968:"Sport Specialization, Part I: Does Early Sports Specialization Increase Negative Outcomes and Reduce the Opportunity for Success in Young Athletes?"
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expectations ("I want to be an engineer when I grow up", as opposed to "I want to be a wizard"). Middle children generally show more investment 'in
1709:
Casey, B. J.; Giedd, J. N.; Thomas, K. M. (October 2000). "Structural and functional brain development and its relation to cognitive development".
940:
children does not cease. Instead, the apparent lack of sexual interest is due to children not sharing their sexual interests/emotions with adults.
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intense, compassionate, caretaking relations which led these youngsters to attempt to rescue a distressed parent often to their own detriment".
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133:
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433:) of the words "teen" and "between" in the sense of "between childhood and adolescence" and refers to 9- to 12-year-olds. Sometimes the terms
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Greater responsibility within the family can also appear, as middle children become responsible for younger siblings and relatives, as with
1082:"tween noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Advanced American Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com"
1966:
Myer, Gregory D.; Jayanthi, Neeru; Difiori, John P.; Faigenbaum, Avery D.; Kiefer, Adam W.; Logerstedt, David; Micheli, Lyle J. (2015).
397:. It may also be defined as simply the 2-year period before the major onset of puberty. Preadolescence can bring its own challenges and
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is generally defined as those ranging from age 9 to 12 years. Preadolescence may also be defined as the period from 10 to 13 years.
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is a person below 13 years of age. Generally, the term is restricted to those close to reaching age 13, especially ages 9 to 12.
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With regards to female breast development, the scale is as follows: 1-no palpable gland tissue; 2-palpable breast bud under
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research has suggested that sexual media influences on preadolescent and adolescent sexual behavior is minimal.
2608:
1762:"Nurturing Nature: How Brain Development Is Inherently Social and Emotional, and What This Means for Education"
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1148:
725:
297:
262:
232:
218:
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Brenner, Joel S.; Council On Sports
Medicine and Fitness of the American Academy of Pediatrics (2016-09-01).
2318:"Parents' Influence on the Health of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Teens | Adolescent and School Health | CDC"
70:
31:
2262:"The Significance of Parenting and Parent-Child Relationships for Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents"
2109:
1160:
The
American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Fourth Edition. 2000. Houghton Mifflin Company.
237:
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through the acquisition of knowledge and competence': where they do have worries, these may be more a
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638:, also known as the Sexual Maturity Rating, which incorporates measurements and characteristics of
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are used to differentiate between older (10 to 15) and younger (7 to 11) age groups, respectively.
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length-wise; 4-growth of the penis in terms of length and circumference; 5-adult-sized genitalia.
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2025:"Introduction: Early Specialization and the Rise of Upper Extremity Injuries in Young Athletes"
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Immordino-Yang, Mary Helen; Darling-Hammond, Linda; Krone, Christina R. (2019-07-03).
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654:(HPG) axis. Tanner staging ranges from 1 through 5 (with 5 being the most developed).
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The point at which a child becomes an adolescent is defined by the major onset of
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Merriam-Webster's
Collegiate Dictionary. Eleventh Edition. 2003. Merriam-Webster.
393:. Preadolescence is commonly defined as ages 9–12 ending with the major onset of
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Mills-Koonce, W. Roger; Rehder, Peter D.; McCurdy, Amy L. (September 2018).
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New Oxford
American Dictionary. 2nd Edition. 2005. Oxford University Press.
619:
and in individuals with testicles, the predominant sex steroid released is
17:
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Being prepubescent is not the same thing as being preadolescent. Instead,
2117:, Psychotherapy Collection, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013-10-10,
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Hormonal development and the development of secondary sex characteristics
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Coping With Your
Feelings: Five Active Meetings for Your Junior Highers
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period to indicate that sexual feelings and interest went underground.
774:
773:, and scary media events, as opposed to fantasy things (e.g., witches,
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398:
394:
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194:
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111:
1909:
Daley, Mary M.; Shoop, Jamie; Christino, Melissa A. (September 2023).
1617:
1272:(Based on the Random House Dictionary, 2009) Retrieved on July 5, 2009
1221:
Fundamental
Orthopedic Management for the Physical Therapist Assistant
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409:
A term used to refer to the preadolescent stage in everyday speech is
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2572:
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1323:
Youth: Choices and Change: Promoting
Healthy Behaviors in Adolescents
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204:
106:
90:
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Best
Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
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Steinberg, L., & Monahan, K. 2010. Developmental
Psychology.
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2059:"Sports Specialization and Intensive Training in Young Athletes"
1257:"Raising a tween: Here's what parents can expect from ages 9-12"
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770:
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1602:"Timing of puberty in boys and girls: A population-based study"
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figures). Alongside that, they may begin to develop a sense of
2240:
Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project
800:: 'may feel an individual, no longer "just one of the family.
658:
size and proportion of early childhood; 2-enlargement of the
531:. Though serving a similar purpose in bridging a gap between
1492:
Wood, Claire L.; Lane, Laura C.; Cheetham, Tim (June 2019).
1151:. The Tourism Intelligence Network. Retrieved on 2007-12-04.
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differently (e.g. they may notice the flawed, human side of
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and secondary sex characteristics. For example, genital and
745:
most "sensible" stage of development...the child is a much
2481:
Heart Start: The Emotional Foundations of School Readiness
492:. People within this age range are variously described as
839:, freely chosen, independent play) may get overlooked.
1435:
Livadas, Sarantis; Chrousos, George P. (August 2016).
587:) is a term for boys and girls who have not developed
2023:
Bauer, Andrea S.; Stracciolini, Andrea (2018-11-13).
988:
Human Intimacy: Marriage, the Family, and Its Meaning
808:
can emerge; and the middle child will also show more
662:/change in texture of scrotal skin; 3-growth of the
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564:. Preadolescence and preteen marked at center right
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1270:Dictionary.com --> Definition of preadolescence
749:now.' They will often have developed a sense of '
685:changes that are expressed during preadolescence.
2149:
2147:
1057:"What Does Tween Mean? Definition & Examples"
650:growth. Pubertal development is regulated by the
634:The stages of puberty can be described with the
2178:Tulloch, Trisha; Kaufman, Miriam (2013-01-01).
1549:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
37:"Tweenie" redirects here. For the TV show, see
2027:. In Bauer, Andrea S.; Bae, Donald S. (eds.).
560:Approximate outline of development periods in
2533:
1495:"Puberty: Normal physiology (brief overview)"
355:
8:
2343:The Child, the Family, and the Outside World
1361:Abnormal Female Puberty: A Clinical Casebook
630:Illustration of the Tanner scale for females
30:"Tween" redirects here. For other uses, see
1915:Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
1541:Emmanuel, Mickey; Bokor, Brooke R. (2021),
905:Preadolescents may well be more exposed to
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2526:
2518:
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2052:
2050:
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2029:Upper Extremity Injuries in Young Athletes
1911:"Mental Health in the Specialized Athlete"
1285:Broadribb's Introductory Pediatric Nursing
573:Illustration of the Tanner scale for males
362:
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389:. It commonly ends with the beginning of
1202:The Mediatization of Culture and Society
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2155:"Social Development in 11-13 Year Olds"
2115:Normal Child and Adolescent Development
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2236:"Chapter 3: The Coming Out Experience"
1149:Familiar with tweens? You should be...
2123:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370979.kg07
1606:Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
980:
978:
543:Prepubescence, puberty, and age range
7:
1023:
1021:
1019:
985:Frank D. Cox; Kevin Demmitt (2013).
796:, and to have increased feelings of
720:Psychological and social development
780:Preadolescents may well view human
2266:Journal of Research on Adolescence
1086:www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com
25:
2472:Myers, James. "Tweens and cool",
1438:"Control of the onset of puberty"
1290:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
865:Development of sexual orientation
527:can sometimes be confused with a
2458:
2418:Families and how to survive them
1328:Pan American Health Organization
549:
329:
69:
2420:(London 1994) p. 271 and p. 242
413:and its perhaps older variants
41:. For the domestic worker, see
1043:"APA Dictionary of Psychology"
1029:"Definition of PREADOLESCENCE"
652:hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal
456:are common in everyday use. A
1:
2549:Development of the human body
2463:The dictionary definition of
2431:Understanding Your 8 year old
1779:10.1080/00461520.2019.1633924
1723:10.1016/s0301-0511(00)00058-2
1443:Current Opinion in Pediatrics
1358:Heather L. Appelbaum (2016).
1120:"World Wide Words: Tweenager"
759:control over external reality
589:secondary sex characteristics
1455:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000386
1200:Hjarvard, Stif Prof (2013).
273:Developmental stage theories
134:Emerging and early adulthood
2500:Stages of human development
2416:Robin Skynner/John Cleese,
1423:Essays in Modern Stylistics
1320:Cecilia Breinbauer (2005).
1185:Thornburg, Hershel (1974).
1106:"World Wide Words: Tweenie"
841:Early sports specialization
2811:
2031:. Springer. pp. 2–3.
1927:10.1007/s12178-023-09851-1
1512:10.1016/j.beem.2019.03.001
1410:The Sociology of Childhood
1282:Nancy T. Hatfield (2007).
729:
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219:Development and psychology
36:
29:
27:Stage of human development
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2497:
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1397:Juvenile Sexual Offending
1218:Robert C. Manske (2015).
1187:Preadolescent development
448:in psychology, the terms
1984:10.1177/1941738115598747
1766:Educational Psychologist
1412:(2005) p. 191 and p. 124
1226:Elsevier Health Sciences
726:Developmental psychology
677:Neurological development
298:Psychosexual development
2396:Children and Television
1823:The Death of the Family
1810:Children and Television
2181:"Adolescent Sexuality"
2078:10.1542/peds.2016-2148
1862:Emotional Intelligence
1851:(1991) p. 13 and p. 78
1836:Emotional Intelligence
1581:LSU School of Medicine
929:called this stage the
804:' A different view on
681:There are significant
631:
574:
32:Tween (disambiguation)
2354:Skynner/Cleese, p. 24
2345:(Penguin 1973) p. 207
1886:E. Fenwick/T. Smith,
1711:Biological Psychology
629:
572:
336:Psychology portal
238:Nature versus nurture
162:Biological milestones
2479:G. Berry Brazelton,
2398:(Oxford 2007) p. 116
2374:Caught in the Middle
2186:Pediatrics in Review
1864:(London 1996) p. 194
1838:(London 1996) p. 193
1825:(Penguin 1974) p. 26
1812:(Oxford 2007) p. 181
1408:William A. Corsaro,
1170:Krafft, Bob (1994).
747:less emotional being
190:Language acquisition
2433:(London 1993) p. 26
2376:(London 2003) p. 90
2198:10.1542/pir.34-1-29
1890:(London 1993) p. 29
1660:Nature Neuroscience
1574:"The Tanner Stages"
1421:Donald C. Freeman,
714:environmental input
313:Cultural-historical
2704:Emerging adulthood
2466:Wikisaurus:preteen
2278:10.1111/jora.12404
2159:www.scholastic.com
1368:. pp. 23–24.
950:Precocious puberty
736:Of the 'two major
644:breast development
632:
575:
525:junior high school
228:Pre- and perinatal
2775:Human development
2762:
2761:
2626:Adult development
2604:Child development
2516:
2515:
2507:Succeeded by
2363:Winnicott, p. 208
2341:D. W. Winnicott,
2132:978-1-58562-436-2
2038:978-3-319-56651-1
1618:10.1111/ppe.12507
1375:978-3-319-27225-2
1299:978-0-7817-7706-3
1235:978-0-323-29137-8
1145:Levasseur, Maïthé
1002:978-1-285-63304-6
562:child development
533:elementary school
379:human development
372:
371:
16:(Redirected from
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2742:Social and legal
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2490:Preceded by
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2483:(Arlington 1992)
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1751:
1750:
1717:(1–3): 241–257.
1706:
1700:
1699:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1637:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1578:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1497:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1440:
1432:
1426:
1419:
1413:
1406:
1400:
1395:G. Ryan et al.,
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1025:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1009:
993:Cengage Learning
982:
973:
970:
803:
553:
514:middle schoolers
429:. It's a blend (
383:middle childhood
364:
357:
350:
334:
333:
332:
233:Infant and child
73:
48:
21:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2765:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2754:Age of majority
2737:
2670:Early childhood
2645:
2592:Birth and after
2587:
2583:Gestational age
2551:
2546:
2512:
2503:Preadolescence
2502:
2495:
2455:
2453:Further reading
2450:
2441:
2437:
2428:
2424:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2393:
2389:
2385:Charlton, p. 90
2384:
2380:
2371:
2367:
2362:
2358:
2353:
2349:
2340:
2336:
2327:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2245:
2243:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2163:
2161:
2153:
2152:
2145:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2056:
2055:
2046:
2039:
2022:
2021:
2017:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1899:Goleman, p. 194
1898:
1894:
1885:
1881:
1872:
1868:
1859:
1855:
1846:
1842:
1833:
1829:
1820:
1816:
1807:
1803:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1666:(10): 861–863.
1656:
1655:
1651:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1585:
1583:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1559:
1557:
1543:"Tanner Stages"
1540:
1539:
1535:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1420:
1416:
1407:
1403:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1330:. p. 303.
1319:
1318:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1292:. p. 588.
1281:
1280:
1276:
1268:
1264:
1259:. 13 July 2022.
1255:
1254:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1228:. p. 110.
1217:
1216:
1209:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1127:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1090:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1027:
1026:
1017:
1007:
1005:
1003:
984:
983:
976:
971:
962:
958:
946:
937:Erik H. Erikson
924:
907:popular culture
903:
894:
885:
867:
810:cooperativeness
801:
734:
728:
722:
679:
612:
581:(and sometimes
567:
566:
565:
559:
554:
545:
468:is an American
444:While known as
407:
368:
330:
328:
275:
130:
114:
103:
63:and development
62:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2808:
2806:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2767:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2694:Preadolescence
2686:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2682:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2601:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2522:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2435:
2422:
2409:
2400:
2394:Dafna Lemish,
2387:
2378:
2372:Ann Charlton,
2365:
2356:
2347:
2334:
2309:
2272:(3): 637–649.
2252:
2227:
2170:
2143:
2131:
2100:
2044:
2037:
2015:
1978:(5): 437–442.
1958:
1921:(9): 410–418.
1901:
1892:
1879:
1875:Okay Parenting
1866:
1853:
1849:Okay Parenting
1840:
1827:
1821:David Cooper,
1814:
1808:Dafna Lemish,
1801:
1772:(3): 185–204.
1752:
1701:
1649:
1592:
1565:
1533:
1484:
1449:(4): 551–558.
1427:
1414:
1401:
1388:
1374:
1350:
1336:
1312:
1298:
1274:
1262:
1248:
1234:
1207:
1204:. p. 107.
1192:
1189:. p. 291.
1177:
1162:
1153:
1147:(2007-02-09).
1137:
1125:
1111:
1097:
1073:
1061:grammarist.com
1048:
1034:
1015:
1001:
995:. p. 76.
974:
959:
957:
954:
953:
952:
945:
942:
923:
920:
902:
899:
893:
890:
884:
883:Home from home
881:
866:
863:
751:intentionality
724:Main article:
721:
718:
678:
675:
611:
608:
556:
555:
548:
547:
546:
544:
541:
498:preadolescents
406:
403:
385:and preceding
377:is a stage of
375:Preadolescence
370:
369:
367:
366:
359:
352:
344:
341:
340:
339:
338:
323:
322:
321:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
277:
276:
271:
268:
267:
266:
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
230:
222:
221:
215:
214:
213:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
164:
163:
159:
158:
157:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
131:
125:
120:
115:
109:
104:
98:
93:
88:
80:
79:
75:
74:
66:
65:
57:
56:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2807:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2538:
2536:
2531:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2511:
2504:
2501:
2494:
2488:
2482:
2478:
2476:, March 2004.
2475:
2471:
2469:at Wiktionary
2468:
2467:
2461:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2445:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2429:Lisa Miller,
2426:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2256:
2253:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2182:
2174:
2171:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2134:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2104:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1972:Sports Health
1969:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1873:Mavis Klein,
1870:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1847:Mavis Klein,
1844:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1702:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1672:10.1038/13158
1669:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1582:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1537:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1506:(3): 101265.
1505:
1501:
1496:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1431:
1428:
1425:(1981) p. 399
1424:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1377:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1354:
1351:
1339:
1337:92-75-11594-X
1333:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1316:
1313:
1301:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1258:
1252:
1249:
1237:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1178:
1174:. p. 55.
1173:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1062:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1030:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1004:
998:
994:
990:
989:
981:
979:
975:
969:
967:
965:
961:
955:
951:
948:
947:
943:
941:
938:
934:
933:
928:
921:
919:
915:
913:
908:
900:
898:
891:
889:
882:
880:
877:
872:
864:
862:
858:
854:
851:
849:
844:
842:
838:
837:self-directed
834:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
782:relationships
778:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
742:
739:
733:
732:Socialization
727:
719:
717:
715:
710:
705:
701:
697:
692:
688:
684:
676:
674:
672:
667:
665:
661:
655:
653:
649:
646:, as well as
645:
641:
637:
628:
624:
622:
618:
609:
607:
603:
601:
596:
594:
593:preadolescent
590:
586:
585:
580:
571:
563:
558:
552:
542:
540:
538:
534:
530:
529:middle school
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
480:, which is a
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
446:preadolescent
442:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
404:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
365:
360:
358:
353:
351:
346:
345:
343:
342:
337:
327:
326:
325:
324:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
279:
278:
274:
269:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
225:
224:
223:
220:
216:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
170:Fertilization
168:
167:
166:
165:
160:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
129:
126:
124:
123:Preadolescent
121:
119:
116:
113:
110:
108:
105:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
83:
82:
81:
76:
72:
68:
67:
64:
58:
54:
50:
49:
44:
40:
33:
19:
2721:Middle adult
2693:
2656:Early years
2556:Before birth
2498:
2480:
2473:
2465:
2443:
2438:
2430:
2425:
2417:
2412:
2403:
2395:
2390:
2381:
2373:
2368:
2359:
2350:
2342:
2337:
2326:. Retrieved
2324:. 2021-08-18
2321:
2312:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2244:. Retrieved
2242:. 2013-06-13
2239:
2230:
2192:(1): 29–38.
2189:
2185:
2173:
2162:. Retrieved
2158:
2136:, retrieved
2114:
2103:
2068:
2062:
2028:
2018:
1975:
1971:
1961:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1895:
1887:
1882:
1877:(1991) p. 13
1874:
1869:
1861:
1856:
1848:
1843:
1835:
1830:
1822:
1817:
1809:
1804:
1769:
1765:
1755:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1663:
1659:
1652:
1612:(1): 70–78.
1609:
1605:
1595:
1584:. Retrieved
1580:
1568:
1558:, retrieved
1546:
1536:
1503:
1499:
1487:
1446:
1442:
1430:
1422:
1417:
1409:
1404:
1399:(2010) p. 42
1396:
1391:
1381:February 25,
1379:. Retrieved
1360:
1353:
1343:February 25,
1341:. Retrieved
1322:
1315:
1305:February 25,
1303:. Retrieved
1284:
1277:
1265:
1251:
1241:February 25,
1239:. Retrieved
1220:
1201:
1195:
1186:
1180:
1171:
1165:
1156:
1140:
1114:
1100:
1089:. Retrieved
1085:
1076:
1065:. Retrieved
1063:. 2015-06-12
1060:
1051:
1037:
1008:February 25,
1006:. Retrieved
987:
930:
925:
916:
904:
895:
886:
868:
859:
855:
852:
845:
830:
826:gender roles
809:
798:independence
779:
758:
750:
746:
743:
735:
687:White matter
683:neurological
680:
668:
656:
636:Tanner scale
633:
621:testosterone
613:
604:
597:
592:
582:
579:prepubescent
578:
576:
522:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
477:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
443:
438:
434:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
408:
374:
373:
318:Evolutionary
293:Psychosocial
144:Middle adult
122:
61:Human growth
43:Between maid
2785:Adolescence
2726:Elder adult
2716:Young adult
2699:Adolescence
2563:Development
2510:Adolescence
2322:www.cdc.gov
1888:Adolescence
848:babysitting
777:, ghosts).
767:kidnappings
738:socializing
691:grey matter
537:high school
462:preteenager
431:portmanteau
405:Terminology
387:adolescence
253:Young adult
139:Young adult
18:Prepubertal
2769:Categories
2636:Senescence
2328:2021-09-20
2246:2021-09-20
2164:2021-09-20
2138:2021-09-20
2064:Pediatrics
1586:2021-09-13
1560:2021-09-13
1547:StatPearls
1091:2021-09-10
1067:2024-05-20
956:References
871:adrenarche
730:See also:
648:pubic hair
518:tweenagers
510:pubescents
381:following
288:Ecological
283:Attachment
243:Adolescent
180:Childbirth
128:Adolescent
2790:Childhood
2711:Adulthood
2675:Childhood
2493:Childhood
2286:1050-8392
2206:0191-9601
2087:0031-4005
1992:1941-0921
1935:1935-973X
1796:199147626
1788:0046-1520
1731:0301-0511
1696:204989935
1680:1097-6256
1626:0269-5022
1528:122553967
1463:1040-8703
833:free play
822:sexuality
786:authority
704:occipital
476:term for
474:marketing
470:neologism
439:tweenager
423:tweenager
399:anxieties
308:Cognitive
200:Menopause
175:Pregnancy
149:Old adult
2446:p. 41-42
2444:Juvenile
2304:30515946
2222:32816589
2214:23281360
2095:27573090
2010:26502420
1953:37326758
1944:10427563
1747:18314401
1739:11035225
1688:10491603
1644:30307620
1555:29262142
1520:31000487
1479:25664322
1471:27386974
1366:Springer
944:See also
818:religion
814:politics
806:morality
794:identity
775:monsters
709:cortical
700:parietal
617:estrogen
591:, while
506:preteens
502:tweenies
263:Maturity
53:a series
51:Part of
39:Tweenies
2780:Puberty
2665:Toddler
2619:Puberty
2295:7087348
2001:4547120
1635:6378593
932:latency
892:Divorce
696:frontal
660:scrotum
640:primary
600:puberty
486:between
478:preteen
458:preteen
450:preteen
435:tweenie
427:tweener
415:tweenie
395:puberty
391:puberty
195:Puberty
185:Walking
112:Toddler
2660:Infant
2650:Phases
2631:Ageing
2609:Stages
2573:Embryo
2568:Zygote
2442:Ryan,
2302:
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912:brands
824:, and
702:, and
671:areola
494:tweens
425:, and
419:tweeny
205:Ageing
107:Infant
96:Embryo
91:Zygote
86:Gamete
78:Stages
2795:Youth
2749:Minor
2733:Dying
2689:Youth
2680:Child
2641:Death
2614:Early
2599:Birth
2578:Fetus
2474:Admap
2218:S2CID
2071:(3).
1792:S2CID
1743:S2CID
1692:S2CID
1577:(PDF)
1524:S2CID
1475:S2CID
927:Freud
922:Freud
901:Media
771:rapes
664:penis
584:child
516:, or
482:blend
466:Tween
454:tween
411:tween
303:Moral
258:Adult
248:Youth
210:Death
154:Dying
118:Child
101:Fetus
2300:PMID
2282:ISSN
2210:PMID
2202:ISSN
2127:ISBN
2091:PMID
2083:ISSN
2033:ISBN
2006:PMID
1988:ISSN
1949:PMID
1931:ISSN
1784:ISSN
1735:PMID
1727:ISSN
1684:PMID
1676:ISSN
1640:PMID
1622:ISSN
1551:PMID
1516:PMID
1467:PMID
1459:ISSN
1383:2017
1370:ISBN
1345:2017
1332:ISBN
1307:2017
1294:ISBN
1243:2017
1230:ISBN
1010:2017
997:ISBN
876:LGBT
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790:self
763:fear
535:and
490:teen
488:and
472:and
437:and
2290:PMC
2274:doi
2194:doi
2119:doi
2073:doi
2069:138
1996:PMC
1980:doi
1939:PMC
1923:doi
1774:doi
1719:doi
1668:doi
1630:PMC
1614:doi
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1451:doi
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