Knowledge (XXG)

Shastra

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The shastras are not consistent or single-consensus documents. Dharma-sastras, for example, contain opposing views and contradictory theories. This is in part because they represent an ideal of human behaviour, while at the same time recognising the need to account for likely failings. The shastras
1322:(1991). (...) The belief in the authenticity of Kulluka's text was openly articulated by Burnell (1884, xxix): "There is then no doubt that the textus receptus, viz., that of Kulluka Bhatta, as adopted in India and by European scholars, is very near on the whole to the original text." 1289:
Shastras are predominantly post-Vedic literature, that is after about 500 BCE. However, it is unclear when various Shastras were composed and completed. The authenticity of the manuscripts is also unclear, as many versions of the same text exist, some with major differences.
1043:. For example, Yutang Lin says that a text written by him and not given by Buddha, cannot be called a "Sutra"; it is called a "Sastra". In Buddhism, Buddhists are allowed to offer their theses as long as they are consistent with the Sutras, and those are called "Sastras." 1528:. There are many Dharmashastras, variously estimated to be 18 to about 100, with different and conflicting points of view. Each of these texts exist in many different versions, and each is rooted in Dharmasutra texts dated to 1st millennium BCE that emerged from 1349:
The shastras are both descriptive and prescriptive. Among the various Shastras, Manu's code of law has been among the most studied as the colonial British government attempted to establish different laws in British India based on
1342:, and Shastras of various fields of knowledge from the early 1st millennium period is of great interest as it helped the emergence of diverse schools and the spread of Indian religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism in and outside 974:
referred to any treatise, book or instrument of teaching, any manual or compendium on any subject in any field of knowledge, including religious. It is often a suffix, added to the subject of the treatise, such as
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This is far from the truth. Indeed, one of the great surprises of my editorial work has been to discover how few of the over fifty manuscripts that I collated actually follow the vulgate in key readings.
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mentions over 100 different Dharmasastra texts which were known by the Middle Ages in India, but most of these are lost to history and their existence is inferred from quotes and citations in
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do not present life as it was lived. Rather they reveal an idea of what life should be. The shastra texts constitute one of the great bodies of literature of the ancient world.
793: 1799: 1380:; hence sutras use short, aphoristic, evocative statements. In contrast, a Shastra is typically longer, with more detail and explanations. An example of a Sutra is 2170:
Ludwik Sternbach (1973), Subhashita – A forgotten chapter in the histories of Sanskrit literature, in Indologica Taurinensia, Torino, Vol I, pages 169–254
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Alex Comfort and Charles Fowkes (1993), The Illustrated Koka Shastra: Medieval Indian Writings on Love Based on the Kama Sutra, Simon & Schuster,
1310:) was the first Indian legal text introduced to the western world through the translation of Sir William Jones in 1794. (...) All the editions of the 786: 1376:(literally "binding thread") denotes a type of literary composition distinct from Shastra. In Sanskrit, "sutra" typically referred to one or more 2263: 2232: 2122: 1813: 2927: 548: 843:
word that means "precept, rules, manual, compendium, book or treatise" in a general sense. The word is generally used as a suffix in the
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English Translation: Winthrop Sargeant (2009), The Bhagavad Gita: Twenty-fifth–Anniversary Edition, State University of New York Press,
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Gaborieau, Marc (June 1985). "From Al-Beruni to Jinnah: Idiom, Ritual and Ideology of the Hindu-Muslim Confrontation in South Asia".
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literature, the word referred to any precept, rule, teaching, ritual instruction or direction. In late and post Vedic literature of
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Olle Quarnström (2002), The Yogaśāstra of Hemacandra: A Twelfth Century Handbook of Śvetāmbara Jainism, Harvard University Press,
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Amritlal Savchand Gopani (1989), The Yoga Shastra of Hemchandracharya: A 12th Century Guide to Jain Yoga, Prakrit Bharti Academy,
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Pollock, Sheldon, From Discourse of Ritual to Discourse of Power in Sanskrit Culture, Journal of Ritual Studies 4:2, 1990, 315-45
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Patrick Olivelle (2013), King, Governance, and Law in Ancient India: Kauṭilya's Arthaśāstra, Oxford UK: Oxford University Press,
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and Brihaspati who disagreed that the Vedas are a treatise of knowledge, proposing relativism instead, in the following passage:
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version". It was Kulluka's version that has been translated repeatedly: Jones (1794), Burnell (1884), Buhler (1886) and
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James Lochtefeld (2002), "Dharma Shastras" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A-M, Rosen Publishing,
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Sutras are another genre of Indian texts that emerged in the 1st millennium BCE, particularly after the 600 BCE.
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Steven Collins (1993), The discourse of what is primary, Journal of Indian philosophy, Volume 21, pages 301–393
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James Lochtefeld (2002), "Shastra" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 2: N-Z, Rosen Publishing,
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John Bowker (2012), The Message and the Book: Sacred Texts of the World's Religions, Yale University Press,
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The term is found in several passages of the Rigveda (2nd millennium BCE), such as in hymn VIII.33.16.
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scholarship about the presumed authenticity and reliability of manuscripts as follows (abridged):
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Shastras and Sutras are among the numerous other genres of literature that have survived from
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Rudolph, Susanne Hoeber; Rudolph, Lloyd I. (August 2000). "Living with Difference in India".
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The Maitri Upanishad (mid to late 1st millennium BCE), similarly, mentions the materialist
962:"Shastra" commonly refers to a treatise or text on a specific field of knowledge. In early 3855: 3720: 3673: 3655: 3605: 3539: 3521: 3464: 3414: 3233: 3137: 3010: 2972: 2942: 2780: 2670: 2509: 2502: 2349: 1635: 1625: 1564: 1529: 1022: 901: 847:
literature context, for technical or specialized knowledge in a defined area of practice.
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Doniger, Wendy, The Hindus, An Alternative History, Oxford University Press, 2010,
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Robert Lingat (1973), The Classical Law of India, University of California Press,
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Shastra is sometimes the root of compounded Sanskrit words. A custodian of
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nor mine, but in another's he delights,The man who brought us unto this.
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literally means "that which has been instructed/decreed", from the root
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Patrick Olivelle (2005), Manu's Code of Law, Oxford University Press,
1388:(considered a classic Hindu treatise), while an example of Shastra is 3668: 3663: 3641: 3454: 3407: 3366: 3248: 3238: 3177: 3085: 3028: 3023: 2877: 2564: 2400: 2386: 2371: 1734: 1659: 1525: 1432: 1351: 1004: 991: 747: 78: 2087: 3559: 3554: 3258: 3228: 3162: 3142: 3080: 3060: 3033: 2872: 2574: 2474: 2420: 2376: 2354: 1412: 1367: 1235: 1040: 1028: 1010: 985: 963: 844: 620: 95: 1894: 3600: 3529: 3511: 3459: 3243: 3187: 3147: 3107: 3090: 3075: 3040: 2469: 2381: 1397: 998: 979: 2245: 1922: 1688:
Monier Williams, Monier Williams' Sanskrit-English Dictionary,
1504:, early 20th-century, sanskrit text on "science of aeronautics" 2273: 1448: 1106:
In this Rigvedic verse, the term means rule or instruction.
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uses the term to refer to astronomical treatises. The term
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Keay, John, India, A History, New York, Grove Press, 2000
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JDM Derrett (1973), Geschichte, Volume 1, Series Editor:
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Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE
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The Unification of Wisdom and Compassion Dr. Yutang Lin
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Explorations in the Early History of the Dharmaśāstra
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The term is found in other Upanishads as well as in
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sfn error: no target: CITEREFPatrick_Olivelle1999 (
1800:"Knowledge-Net of Amarakosha (अमरकोश-ज्ञान-जालम्)" 1338:The literature of late 1st millennium BCE such as 1054:. An example of Jaina Shastra is the 12th-century 2226: 1516:theological texts, and refers to the treatises ( 1142:such as in verses 15.20, 16.23–16.24, and 17.1. 1905: 1903: 1300: 1115: 1083: 1120:तया शिवमशिवमित्युद्दिशन्त्यशिवं शिवमिति वेदादि 2257: 1725: 1723: 787: 8: 908:'science of mechanical arts and sculpture', 3211: 3006: 2579: 2549: 2317: 2264: 2250: 2242: 1031:-shastra (theatre & dance) and others. 794: 780: 42: 1754: 1749:(1). Society for Military History: 9–37. 918:'science of politics and economics', and 27:Sanskrit term for precepts and treatises 1674: 1648: 926:'compendium of ethics or right policy'. 294: 54: 1964:, New York: Oxford Unuiversity Press, 1739:on War and Diplomacy in Ancient India" 1248:(etymology). An early use of the term 1244:(1.2, 14), where the reference is to 834: 7: 1392:'s Yogasastra (considered a classic 1354:for Muslims and Manu's code of law. 1256:with reference to the literature on 3861: 1913:, Oxford University Press, page 342 1880: 1870:disctionary meaning of Shastradhari 954:which means "instruction/decree". 25: 853:has a similar meaning to English 3860: 3850: 3841: 3840: 3829: 2534: 2280: 2272: 1452: 1056:Yoga Shastra of Hemchandracharya 1050:, the term means the same as in 62: 3830: 1743:The Journal of Military History 1662:and digests that have survived. 1617:(mahayana uttaratantra shastra) 1549:(mahayana uttaratantra shastra) 3755:Relations with other religions 1: 1814:"शासना at Spokensanskrit.org" 1191:use the term. Similarly, the 1153:(11.36; 14.30) uses the term 1077:References in the early texts 2198:History of the Dharmaśāstras 1016:Alamkara-shastra (rhetoric), 1498:(treatises on architecture) 1333:, Manu's Code of Law (2005) 1285:Chronology and authenticity 1277: 1270: 1263: 1251: 1229: 1218: 1210: 1202: 1194: 1186: 1179: 1173: 1167: 1160: 1148: 1124:हिंसकधर्माभिध्यानमस्त्विति 922: 913: 903: 893: 884: 875: 866: 827: 3908: 3887:Sanskrit words and phrases 1571:Mahayana Buddhist Shastras 1365: 1274:, who uses the expression 56:Hindu scriptures and texts 29: 3827: 2582: 2532: 2290: 2061:10.1111/1467-923X.71.s1.4 1532:studies in the Vedic era. 1092:यो अस्मान्वीर आनयत् ॥१६॥ 1065:, for example, is called 816: 2899:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 1992:, pages 353–354, 356–382 1895:Rig Veda ऋग्वेदः मण्डल ८ 1443:Major shastras by topics 1019:Kavya-shastra (poetics), 934:is sometimes spelled as 898:'architectural science', 2978:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 2049:The Political Quarterly 1934:Sanskrit: इति गुह्यतमं 1690:Oxford University Press 1411:. Other genres include 930:In Western literature, 766:Timeline of Hindu texts 599:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 2953:Eighteen Greater Texts 1336: 1136: 1104: 574:Eighteen Greater Texts 3706:Hindu gurus and sants 2958:Eighteen Lesser Texts 2229:, pp. xxiii–xxv. 2227:Patrick Olivelle 1999 1960:in P. Olivelle (ed.) 1956:Olivelle, P. (2006). 1756:10.1353/jmh.2003.0006 579:Eighteen Lesser Texts 3696:Anti-Hindu sentiment 2055:(s1). Wiley: 20–38. 1923:Maitri Upanishad 7.9 1911:Maitri Upanishad 7.9 1656:Pandurang Vaman Kane 30:For other uses, see 3802:Hinduism by country 2968:Iraiyanar Akapporul 2928:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 1555:, financial affairs 1396:treatise), both on 589:Iraiyanar Akapporul 549:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 295:Related Hindu texts 2076:Anthropology Today 1149:Ṛigvedaprātiśākhya 3874: 3873: 3650: 3649: 3203: 3202: 2996: 2995: 2910:Sangam literature 2866:Yājñavalkya Smṛti 2714: 2713: 2530: 2529: 2123:978-0-19-959334-7 1631:Samudrika Shastra 1594:Vaimānika Shāstra 1576:Samudrika Shastra 1561:, performing arts 1512:These a genre of 1502:Vaimānika Shāstra 1482: 1481: 1025:-shastra (music), 836:[ɕaːstrɐ] 825: 804: 803: 594:Abhirami Anthadhi 532:Sangam literature 385:Vaishnava puranas 16:(Redirected from 3899: 3864: 3863: 3854: 3844: 3843: 3833: 3832: 3743:Pilgrimage sites 3497:Ganesh Chaturthi 3212: 3007: 2988:Vedarthasamgraha 2983:Vinayagar Agaval 2948:Five Great Epics 2923:Divya Prabandham 2836:Minor Upanishads 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2291: 2288: 2287: 2271: 2269: 2268: 2261: 2254: 2246: 2239: 2238: 2219: 2202: 2189: 2185:978-0300179293 2172: 2163: 2160:978-0674009349 2147: 2145:, page 205-206 2143:978-0195644418 2127: 2110: 2101: 2066: 2039: 2030: 2024:978-0520018983 2011: 2007:978-0199891825 1994: 1990:978-0195171464 1974: 1949: 1946:978-0873958318 1927: 1915: 1899: 1873: 1862: 1846: 1835: 1832:978-0684839813 1819: 1805: 1791: 1787:978-9004037403 1770: 1731:Boesche, Roger 1719: 1699: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1664: 1647: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1612: 1607: 1606:(Kama Shastra) 1601: 1596: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1584: 1583: 1581:Shilpa Shastra 1578: 1573: 1568: 1562: 1556: 1550: 1544: 1539: 1538:(Kama Shastra) 1533: 1508:Dharma Shastra 1505: 1499: 1492: 1491: 1480: 1479: 1459: 1457: 1444: 1441: 1409:medieval India 1366:Main article: 1363: 1360: 1327: 1286: 1283: 1234:" is found in 1195:Vedāṅgajyotiṣa 1127: 1116: 1095: 1084: 1078: 1075: 1033: 1032: 1026: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1008: 1002: 995: 989: 983: 959: 956: 943: 940: 928: 927: 919: 909: 899: 889: 881: 871: 867:bhautikaśāstra 802: 801: 799: 798: 791: 784: 776: 773: 772: 769: 768: 762: 759: 758: 755: 754: 751: 750: 745: 740: 735: 730: 725: 720: 715: 713:Ramcharitmanas 710: 705: 700: 695: 690: 685: 680: 675: 673:Pramana Sutras 670: 665: 660: 655: 653:Mimamsa Sutras 650: 648:Samkhya Sutras 645: 640: 635: 630: 628:Dharma Shastra 624: 615: 614: 611: 610: 607: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 546: 541: 535: 530: 529: 526: 525: 522: 521: 520: 519: 509: 508: 507: 496: 491: 490: 487: 486: 483: 482: 480:Devi Bhagavata 473:Shakta puranas 469: 468: 463: 458: 453: 448: 439:Shaiva puranas 435: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 381: 380: 375: 370: 368:Brahmavaivarta 365: 360: 353:Brahma puranas 351: 346: 345: 342: 341: 338: 337: 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 306: 301: 300: 297: 296: 292: 291: 288: 287: 282: 277: 271: 268: 267: 264: 263: 260: 259: 254: 249: 236: 235: 230: 228:Shvetashvatara 225: 220: 215: 210: 208:Brihadaranyaka 197: 196: 191: 178: 177: 172: 163: 158: 157: 154: 153: 150: 149: 144: 139: 134: 121: 120: 115: 110: 105: 99: 94: 93: 90: 89: 88: 87: 82: 76: 68: 67: 59: 58: 52: 51: 32:Shastra (film) 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3904: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3867: 3859: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3847: 3839: 3838: 3836: 3826: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3809: 3808: 3807:Hindu temples 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3758: 3757: 3756: 3753: 3749: 3746: 3745: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3732: 3729: 3728: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3711:Hindu studies 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3681:Denominations 3679: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3666: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3653: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3624: 3622: 3618: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3593: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3569: 3568: 3565: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3527: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3491: 3490:Vijayadashami 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3477: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3453: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3444: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3417: 3416: 3413: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3390: 3389: 3386: 3385: 3383: 3379: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3307:Simantonayana 3305: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3210: 3206: 3196: 3195: 3191: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3164: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3122: 3119: 3118: 3117: 3114: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3105: 3099: 3098: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3042: 3039: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3021: 3020: 3017: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3008: 3005: 3003: 2999: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2915: 2913: 2911: 2907: 2901: 2900: 2896: 2894: 2893:Yoga Vasistha 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2853: 2852: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2804:Bhagavad Gita 2802: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2793: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2744: 2743:Sthapatyaveda 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2635: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2613: 2609: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2557: 2555: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2542: 2523: 2519: 2516: 2512: 2511: 2507: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2492: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2466: 2462: 2459: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2450: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2398: 2397: 2394: 2393: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2310: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2289: 2283: 2279: 2275: 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1675: 1669: 1661: 1657: 1652: 1649: 1642: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1610:Yoga Vasistha 1608: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1591: 1586: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1559:Natya Shastra 1557: 1554: 1553:Artha Shastra 1551: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1542:Yoga Vasistha 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1496:Vastu Shastra 1494: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1476: 1467: 1463: 1460:This section 1458: 1455: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1442: 1440: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1401: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1369: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1353: 1347: 1345: 1341: 1332: 1326: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1299: 1297: 1293: 1284: 1282: 1281: 1279: 1272: 1267: 1265: 1259: 1255: 1253: 1247: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1233: 1231: 1224: 1222: 1220: 1214: 1212: 1206: 1204: 1198: 1196: 1190: 1188: 1181: 1175: 1169: 1164: 1162: 1156: 1152: 1150: 1143: 1141: 1140:Bhagavad Gita 1132: 1125: 1123: 1114: 1112: 1107: 1100: 1093: 1089: 1082: 1076: 1074: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1059: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1044: 1042: 1038: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1009: 1006: 1003: 1000: 996: 993: 990: 987: 984: 981: 978: 977: 976: 973: 969: 965: 957: 955: 953: 949: 941: 939: 937: 933: 924: 920: 917: 915: 910: 907: 905: 900: 897: 895: 890: 886: 882: 879: 877: 872: 868: 864: 863: 862: 860: 856: 852: 848: 846: 842: 837: 829: 823: 814: 810: 809: 797: 792: 790: 785: 783: 778: 777: 775: 774: 767: 764: 763: 757: 756: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 736: 734: 731: 729: 728:Shiva Samhita 726: 724: 721: 719: 718:Yoga Vasistha 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 699: 696: 694: 693:Vastu Shastra 691: 689: 688:Natya Shastra 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 643:Brahma Sutras 641: 639: 636: 634: 633:Artha Shastra 631: 629: 626: 625: 622: 618: 613: 612: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 560: 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3817:Architecture 3420:Brahmacharya 3362:Samavartanam 3327:Annaprashana 3193: 3096: 2897: 2851:Dharmaśāstra 2841:Arthashastra 2676:Maitrayaniya 2508: 2501: 2494: 2416:Brahmacharya 2222: 2205: 2197: 2192: 2175: 2166: 2150: 2130: 2113: 2104: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2052: 2048: 2042: 2033: 2014: 1997: 1961: 1957: 1952: 1935: 1930: 1918: 1909:Max Muller, 1887: 1885: 1876: 1865: 1849: 1838: 1822: 1808: 1794: 1773: 1746: 1742: 1736: 1735:"Kautilya's 1693: 1651: 1621:Arthashastra 1599:Dharmaśāstra 1483: 1470: 1466:adding to it 1461: 1446: 1402: 1373: 1371: 1356: 1348: 1340:Arthashastra 1337: 1311: 1303: 1301: 1288: 1278:dharmaśāstra 1275: 1261: 1257: 1249: 1245: 1239: 1227: 1225: 1216: 1208: 1200: 1192: 1184: 1158: 1154: 1146: 1144: 1137: 1121: 1117: 1108: 1105: 1087: 1085: 1080: 1067:Shastradhari 1066: 1062: 1060: 1055: 1045: 1034: 971: 961: 951: 947: 945: 935: 931: 929: 880:'chemistry', 854: 850: 849: 807: 806: 805: 698:Panchatantra 658:Nyāya Sūtras 616: 554:Thiruppugazh 472: 470: 438: 436: 384: 382: 352: 239: 237: 200: 198: 181: 179: 164: 124: 122: 40: 3866:WikiProject 3738:Persecution 3726:Nationalism 3716:Iconography 3596:Ratha Yatra 3507:Janmashtami 3502:Rama Navami 3430:Vanaprastha 3381:Varnashrama 3357:Ritushuddhi 3342:Vidyarambha 3332:Chudakarana 3322:Nishkramana 3297:Garbhadhana 2938:Thirukkural 2933:Thiruppugal 2861:Nāradasmṛti 2824:Mahabharata 2602:Atharvaveda 2480:Vaisheshika 2367:Puruṣārthas 2196:Kane, P.V. 1737:Arthaśāstra 1604:Kamashastra 1567:, astronomy 1536:Kamashastra 1437:Subhashitas 1390:Hemachandra 1165:tradition. 1161:prātiśākhya 958:Terminology 914:arthaśāstra 904:śilpaśāstra 894:vāstuśāstra 743:Vedantasara 668:Yoga Sutras 584:Aathichoodi 517:Historicity 512:Mahabharata 505:Historicity 201:Yajur vedic 118:Atharvaveda 3881:Categories 3567:Kumbh Mela 3535:Gudi Padwa 3480:Durga Puja 3465:Shivaratri 3337:Karnavedha 3317:Namakarana 3279:Tirthatana 3046:Dattatreya 2883:Subhashita 2856:Manusmriti 2733:Dhanurveda 2666:Taittiriya 2651:Kaushitaki 2638:Upanishads 2411:Aparigraha 2313:Philosophy 2026:, page 77; 1925:Wikisource 1897:Wikisource 1717:, page 626 1670:References 1615:Mokshopaya 1417:Upanishads 1386:Yogasutras 1344:South Asia 1308:Manusmriti 1296:postmodern 1226:The term " 1187:Aṣṭādhyāyī 923:nītiśāstra 888:'biology', 885:jīvaśāstra 876:rasaśāstra 870:'physics', 859:psychology 832:pronounced 738:Panchadasi 723:Swara yoga 559:Tirukkuṟaḷ 373:Markandeya 218:Taittiriya 182:Sama vedic 175:Kaushitaki 160:Upanishads 147:Upanishads 3790:Theosophy 3721:Mythology 3701:Criticism 3669:Etymology 3627:Svādhyāya 3526:New Year 3475:Navaratri 3447:Festivals 3425:Grihastha 3398:Kshatriya 3372:Antyeshti 3347:Upanayana 3312:Jatakarma 3302:Pumsavana 3289:Sanskaras 3254:Naivedhya 3208:Practices 3153:Mahavidya 3121:Saraswati 3108:Goddesses 3066:Kartikeya 2963:Athichudi 2918:Tirumurai 2771:Vyākaraṇa 2738:Natyaveda 2686:Chandogya 2611:Divisions 2592:Yajurveda 1781:, Brill, 1779:Jan Gonda 1765:0899-3718 1547:Moksopaya 1382:Patanjali 1378:aphorisms 1271:Kātyāyana 1174:Patañjali 1168:Kātyāyana 1111:Charvakas 1101:8.33.16, 1013:-shastra, 1007:-shastra, 1001:-shastra, 997:Koka- or 994:-shastra, 988:-shastra, 982:-shastra, 946:The word 942:Etymology 822:romanized 708:Tirumurai 638:Kamasutra 397:Bhagavata 378:Bhavishya 363:Brahmānda 320:Vyakarana 189:Chandogya 165:Rig vedic 125:Divisions 113:Yajurveda 3846:Category 3797:Glossary 3765:Buddhism 3731:Hindutva 3691:Calendar 3572:Haridwar 3550:Vaisakhi 3545:Puthandu 3435:Sannyasa 3352:Keshanta 3183:Shashthi 3019:Trimurti 2846:Nitisara 2819:Ramayana 2814:Itihasas 2786:Jyotisha 2728:Ayurveda 2720:Upavedas 2701:Mandukya 2646:Aitareya 2628:Aranyaka 2623:Brahmana 2597:Samaveda 2522:Charvaka 2322:Concepts 2303:Timeline 2295:Glossary 2278:Hinduism 1884: " 1859:21760707 1587:See also 1522:Hinduism 1514:Sanskrit 1473:May 2020 1421:Vedangas 1328:—  1264:vārttika 1128:—  1096:—  1088:शास्त्रे 1071:Sanskrit 1052:Hinduism 1037:Buddhism 968:Hinduism 841:Sanskrit 813:Sanskrit 760:Timeline 617:Shastras 500:Ramayana 402:Naradiya 335:Jyotisha 303:Vedangas 252:Mandukya 170:Aitareya 142:Aranyaka 137:Brahmana 108:Samaveda 48:a series 46:Part of 36:Shaastra 18:Shastras 3835:Outline 3785:Sikhism 3780:Judaism 3775:Jainism 3656:Related 3632:Namaste 3485:Ramlila 3415:Ashrama 3403:Vaishya 3393:Brahmin 3216:Worship 3168:Rukmini 3158:Matrika 3131:Parvati 3126:Lakshmi 3116:Tridevi 3071:Krishna 3056:Hanuman 3051:Ganesha 3002:Deities 2888:Tantras 2878:Stotras 2831:Puranas 2776:Nirukta 2766:Chandas 2761:Shiksha 2753:Vedanga 2706:Prashna 2696:Mundaka 2618:Samhita 2587:Rigveda 2518:Nāstika 2503:Advaita 2490:Vedanta 2485:Mīmāṃsā 2465:Samkhya 2453:Schools 2441:Akrodha 2360:Saṃsāra 2340:Ishvara 2330:Brahman 2096:3033123 1972:, p.169 1936:शास्त्र 1881:transl. 1518:śāstras 1433:Bhasyas 1429:Puranas 1425:Itihasa 1405:ancient 1320:Doniger 1316:vulgate 1246:Nirukta 1241:Nirukta 1219:Vedāṅga 1215:of the 1155:Shastra 1122:शास्त्र 1099:Rigveda 1063:Shastra 1048:Jainism 1023:Sangita 972:Shastra 932:Shastra 851:Shastra 839:) is a 824::  817:शास्त्र 808:Shastra 493:Itihasa 348:Puranas 325:Nirukta 315:Chandas 310:Shiksha 285:Tantras 257:Prashna 247:Mundaka 132:Samhita 103:Rigveda 3856:Portal 3760:Baháʼí 3664:Hindus 3642:Tilaka 3611:Others 3587:Ujjain 3582:Prayag 3577:Nashik 3517:Pongal 3455:Diwali 3408:Shudra 3367:Vivaha 3274:Dhyāna 3249:Bhajan 3239:Bhakti 3224:Temple 3178:Shakti 3086:Varuna 3029:Vishnu 3024:Brahma 2873:Sutras 2809:Agamas 2565:Smriti 2496:Dvaita 2461:Āstika 2406:Asteya 2401:Ahimsa 2387:Moksha 2372:Dharma 2285:topics 2213:  2183:  2158:  2141:  2121:  2094:  2022:  2005:  1988:  1968:  1944:  1888:decree 1857:  1830:  1785:  1763:  1713:  1695:zAstra 1660:bhasya 1526:dharma 1435:, and 1352:Sharia 1258:dharma 1252:śāstra 1230:śāstra 1211:śāstra 1180:Pāṇini 1005:Moksha 992:Dharma 952:Śāsana 948:Śāstra 936:Sastra 845:Indian 828:Śāstra 748:Stotra 621:sutras 456:Skanda 432:Matsya 417:Vamana 407:Garuda 392:Vishnu 358:Brahma 275:Agamas 233:Maitri 79:Smriti 74:Shruti 3770:Islam 3748:India 3637:Bindi 3620:Other 3560:Ugadi 3555:Vishu 3388:Varna 3269:Tapas 3259:Yajna 3229:Murti 3163:Radha 3143:Durga 3138:Bhumi 3081:Surya 3061:Indra 3034:Shiva 2796:Other 2781:Kalpa 2671:Katha 2575:Vedas 2560:Śruti 2545:Texts 2475:Nyaya 2431:Damah 2421:Satya 2377:Artha 2355:Karma 2345:Atman 2299:Index 2092:JSTOR 1643:Notes 1520:) of 1413:Vedas 1374:Sutra 1368:Sutra 1362:Sutra 1236:Yaska 1133:7.9, 1041:sutra 1029:Natya 1011:Artha 986:Nyaya 964:Vedic 855:-logy 451:Linga 446:Shiva 427:Kurma 412:Padma 330:Kalpa 223:Katha 96:Vedas 3812:List 3674:List 3601:Teej 3530:Bihu 3512:Onam 3460:Holi 3264:Homa 3244:Japa 3234:Puja 3194:more 3188:Sita 3173:Sati 3148:Kali 3097:more 3091:Vayu 3076:Rama 3041:Agni 3011:Gods 2691:Kena 2661:Isha 2470:Yoga 2436:Dayā 2426:Dāna 2396:Niti 2382:Kama 2350:Maya 2233:help 2211:ISBN 2181:ISBN 2156:ISBN 2139:ISBN 2119:ISBN 2020:ISBN 2003:ISBN 1986:ISBN 1966:ISBN 1942:ISBN 1855:OCLC 1828:ISBN 1783:ISBN 1761:ISSN 1711:ISBN 1407:and 1398:yoga 1302:The 1177:and 1145:The 999:Kama 980:Yoga 619:and 466:Agni 461:Vayu 213:Isha 194:Kena 85:List 34:and 3686:Law 2125:pbk 2084:doi 2057:doi 1751:doi 1524:on 1468:. 1384:'s 1312:MDh 1304:MDh 1268:of 1238:'s 1223:s. 1183:'s 1046:In 1035:In 3883:: 2520:: 2463:: 2335:Om 2090:. 2078:. 2053:71 2051:. 1977:^ 1902:^ 1759:. 1747:67 1745:. 1741:. 1722:^ 1702:^ 1677:^ 1439:. 1431:, 1427:, 1423:, 1419:, 1415:, 1400:. 1346:. 1171:, 1058:. 970:, 819:, 815:: 50:on 2265:e 2258:t 2251:v 2235:) 2098:. 2086:: 2080:1 2063:. 2059:: 1892:" 1816:. 1802:. 1767:. 1753:: 1510:: 1475:) 1471:( 1306:( 1069:( 811:( 795:e 788:t 781:v 38:. 20:)

Index

Shastras
Shastra (film)
Shaastra
a series
Hindu scriptures and texts

Shruti
Smriti
List
Vedas
Rigveda
Samaveda
Yajurveda
Atharvaveda
Samhita
Brahmana
Aranyaka
Upanishads
Upanishads
Aitareya
Kaushitaki
Chandogya
Kena
Brihadaranyaka
Isha
Taittiriya
Katha
Shvetashvatara
Maitri
Mundaka

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