601:
495:
147:
647:
1345:
124:
1328:
414:
619:
are heavily ossified, facilitating sinking. While they have their nostrils at the end of the snout as in crocodiles, they are oriented towards the tip instead of dorsally; their eye sockets are similarly forward-facing, implying that these animals did not surface often and probably simply rose the
688:
which has still rather simple teeth aside from the start of an enamel infolding. There is some tooth differentiation, with the anterior teeth being larger than the posterior ones. As with most choristoderes, neochoristoderes have palatal teeth, indicating food manipulation in the mouth.
558:
indicates that neochoristoderes may have had a widespread distribution in
Appalachia, but the majority of this habitat was not located in areas conducive for Cretaceous fossilization, leading to only a small margin of optimal habitat in New Jersey that preserved choristodere remains.
634:
adult females are thought to have particularly ossified limbs and pelvises, implying that they could crawl unto land, while adult males and juveniles could not. As most choristoderes are thought to have been
614:
Neochoristoderes are thought to be fully aquatic. They possess laterally flattened, muscular tails and paddle-like limbs, their torsos are dorsoventrally flattened with short but massive ribs and their
570:, which are absent from freshwater sites in Laurasia until well after neochoristoderes disappear, but competition between both groups, if it even existed, is currently unaccounted for. Ultimately, both
471:, a large gap occurs between these Early Cretaceous faunas and the Late Cretaceous ones. There are no fossils of neochoristoderes in the Asian Late Cretaceous, but the subsequent distribution of
787:
Matsumoto, R., Manabe, M., & Evans, S. E. (2015). The first record of a long-snouted choristodere (Reptilia, Diapsida) from the Early
Cretaceous of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.
446:, possibly due to colder temperatures, seems to have opened the ecological niche for these choristoderes to occupy a similar ecological niche. The oldest known neochoristodere is
566:
has been at times implicated in the extinction of neochoristoderes. There appears to be a niche partitioning between neochoristoderes and long-snouted crocodilians such as
335:. Noted for their long jaws and large size, these animals were predominant across the Northern Hemisphere, occurring in freshwater and coastal environments across the
397:. Various taxa of uncertain affinities within this group are known, including a partial femur of a choristodere, possibly of a neochoristodere from the
669:'s 310-497 N. In spite of this, most are thought to have had a diet similar to that of modern gharials due to the long and slender jaws, though
351:
Neochoristoderes form a monophyletic group, however there is no consensus about the relationships of the genera, which have been recovered as a
1012:
881:"An Appalachian population of neochoristoderes (Diapsida, Choristodera) elucidated using fossil evidence and ecological niche modelling"
879:
Dudgeon, Thomas W.; Landry, Zoe; Callahan, Wayne R.; Mehling, Carl M.; Ballwanz, Steven (September 2021). Mannion, Philip (ed.).
678:
Compared with other choristoderes, which have rather simple teeth, neochoristoderes have teeth completely enveloped in striated
551:
146:
1005:
468:
398:
1327:
973:
Matsumoto, R., & Evans, S. E. (2016). Morphology and function of the palatal dentition in
Choristodera.
1365:
521:. This genus survives the KT event unscathed and diversifies in the aftermath, being soon after joined by
485:
implies that there were Asian taxa around this time, seeing as
Simoedosauridae is predominantly Asian and
1425:
1397:
1348:
998:
547:
659:
Most neochoristoderes have exceptionally large temporal fenestrae, suggesting powerful bite forces;
1094:
538:
In 2021, fossil remains of indetermine neochoristoderes were described from several sites from the
908:
539:
461:
402:
306:
141:
1402:
837:
682:
with an enamel infolding at the base, labiolingually compressed and hooked, the exception being
600:
494:
1239:
900:
861:
822:
R. Matsumoto and S. E. Evans. 2010. Choristoderes and the freshwater assemblages of
Laurasia.
763:
693:
621:
1202:
978:
958:
934:
892:
853:
792:
753:
743:
732:"High morphological disparity in a bizarre Paleocene fauna of predatory freshwater reptiles"
427:
39:
646:
1294:
448:
439:
435:
381:
276:
880:
692:
Nearly all neochoristodere remains occur at high latitudes, suggesting a preference for
1232:
1184:
758:
731:
123:
1419:
1301:
1266:
1246:
1225:
1211:
1170:
912:
857:
698:
671:
661:
651:
636:
630:
606:
588:
578:
572:
528:
523:
517:
512:
500:
487:
473:
387:
357:
286:
236:
133:
81:
1287:
1273:
1157:
1132:
1106:
1021:
684:
679:
583:
375:
363:
329:
266:
246:
201:
665:
is estimated to have a bite force around 1194 to 1910 N, as opposed to the modern
546:, marking the first known occurrence of neochoristoderes from the former landmass
796:
1191:
1177:
457:
443:
413:
56:
1388:
748:
17:
1280:
1079:
1057:
938:
640:
563:
543:
453:
369:
336:
256:
101:
66:
904:
865:
838:"A juvenile skull of the longirostrine choristodere (Diapsida:Choristodera),
710:
616:
508:
478:
325:
158:
106:
50:
767:
1382:
1308:
1051:
1045:
567:
419:
393:
352:
340:
296:
178:
96:
91:
76:
71:
61:
1218:
1063:
896:
675:
has a more robust and shorter snout and could have fed on larger prey.
666:
332:
188:
111:
86:
982:
1039:
706:
703:
532:
482:
168:
43:
1359:
401:
of the United States and an indeterminate partial skeleton from the
962:
645:
625:
599:
493:
412:
431:
1363:
1032:
994:
990:
925:
Katsura, Yoshihiro. (2007). Fusion of sacrals and anatomy in
643:, it is likely that at least some neochoristoderes were too.
355:
in recent studies. Neochoristodera contains the named genera
842:
gen. et sp. nov., with comments on neochoristodere ontogeny"
957:. . University of Alberta Education and Research Archive.
434:, where they co-exist with other choristodere groups like
582:
co-existed with a variety of broad-snouted species like
624:-like fashion. As in most choristoderes the skin lacks
535:
until the Eocene, when they mysteriously disappear.
292:
282:
272:
262:
252:
242:
232:
1372:
1256:
1201:
1156:
1105:
1078:
628:, instead having small, non-overlapping scales. In
507:Choristoderes reappear in the fossil record in the
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
804:
783:
781:
779:
777:
1006:
8:
955:and their implications for feeding mechanics
491:only propagated widely after the KT event.
1360:
1162:
1153:
1149:
1084:
1075:
1029:
1013:
999:
991:
122:
31:
757:
747:
836:袁 梦, 李大庆; Yuan Meng, Li Da-Qing (2021).
527:. Both taxa remain at high latitudes in
467:Other than a possible specimen from the
722:
442:. Here, a regional absence of aquatic
426:Neochoristoderes first appear in the
7:
25:
1344:
1343:
1326:
858:10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.210607
145:
554:based on the presumed niche of
604:Lateral and dorsal views of a
1:
797:10.1080/08912963.2014.898296
324:is a lineage of specialised
314:Champsosauriformes Hay 1930
27:Extinct suborder of reptiles
951:The jaw adductor muscles of
1442:
929:(Diapsida, Choristodera).
824:Journal of Iberian Geology
749:10.1186/s12862-022-01985-z
730:Brownstein, C. D. (2022).
1339:
1324:
1165:
1152:
1148:
1129:
1087:
1074:
1028:
939:10.1080/08912960701374659
736:BMC Ecology and Evolution
702:fossils are known in the
312:
305:
229:
224:
142:Scientific classification
140:
130:
121:
34:
469:Cedar Mountain Formation
399:Cedar Mountain Formation
840:Mengshanosaurus minimus
219:Evans & Hecht, 1993
846:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
656:
611:
504:
423:
1398:Paleobiology Database
649:
603:
497:
416:
328:-like fully aquatic
977:, 228(3), 414-429.
975:Journal of Anatomy
949:James, M. (2010).
933:, 19(3), 263-271,
931:Historical Biology
897:10.1111/pala.12545
789:Historical Biology
694:temperate climates
657:
612:
540:Navesink Formation
505:
424:
403:Kuwajima Formation
131:Skeletal mount of
1413:
1412:
1366:Taxon identifiers
1357:
1356:
1335:
1334:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1240:Khurendukhosaurus
1144:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1125:
1124:
983:10.1111/joa.12414
562:Competition from
462:Mengyin Formation
319:
318:
220:
16:(Redirected from
1433:
1406:
1405:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1361:
1347:
1346:
1330:
1203:Allochoristodera
1163:
1154:
1150:
1085:
1076:
1069:
1068:
1030:
1015:
1008:
1001:
992:
985:
971:
965:
947:
941:
923:
917:
916:
876:
870:
869:
833:
827:
820:
799:
785:
772:
771:
761:
751:
727:
515:under the genus
428:Early Cretaceous
294:
284:
274:
264:
254:
244:
234:
218:
213:
200:
150:
149:
126:
116:
53:
40:Early Cretaceous
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1401:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1381:
1374:Neochoristodera
1368:
1358:
1353:
1331:
1314:
1295:Mengshanosaurus
1258:Neochoristodera
1252:
1197:
1136:
1121:
1101:
1070:
1035:
1034:
1024:
1019:
989:
988:
972:
968:
948:
944:
924:
920:
878:
877:
873:
835:
834:
830:
821:
802:
786:
775:
729:
728:
724:
719:
598:
449:Mengshanosaurus
411:
382:Mengshanosaurus
349:
322:Neochoristodera
277:Mengshanosaurus
217:
215:Neochoristodera
211:
198:
144:
117:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
48:
47:
36:
35:Neochoristodera
28:
23:
22:
18:Simoedosauridae
15:
12:
11:
5:
1439:
1437:
1429:
1428:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1394:
1378:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1262:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1233:Philydrosaurus
1229:
1222:
1215:
1207:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1185:Heishanosaurus
1181:
1174:
1166:
1160:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1111:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1088:
1082:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1048:
1042:
1033:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1010:
1003:
995:
987:
986:
966:
963:10.7939/R3MT60
953:Champsosaurus
942:
918:
891:(5): 629–643.
871:
852:(3): 213–228.
828:
800:
773:
721:
720:
718:
715:
610:skeletal mount
597:
594:
552:Niche modeling
440:hyphalosaurids
436:monjurosuchids
410:
407:
348:
345:
317:
316:
310:
309:
303:
302:
301:
300:
290:
280:
270:
260:
250:
240:
227:
226:
222:
221:
209:
205:
204:
196:
192:
191:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
138:
137:
128:
127:
119:
118:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
54:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1438:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1329:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1302:Simoedosaurus
1299:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1267:Champsosaurus
1264:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1247:Lazarussuchus
1244:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1226:Monjurosuchus
1223:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1212:Hyphalosaurus
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1171:Coeruleodraco
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1004:
1002:
997:
996:
993:
984:
980:
976:
970:
967:
964:
960:
956:
952:
946:
943:
940:
936:
932:
928:
927:Champsosaurus
922:
919:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
885:Palaeontology
882:
875:
872:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
841:
832:
829:
826:36(2):253-274
825:
819:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
801:
798:
794:
791:27(5):1-12.
790:
784:
782:
780:
778:
774:
769:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
741:
737:
733:
726:
723:
716:
714:
712:
708:
705:
701:
700:
699:Champsosaurus
695:
690:
687:
686:
681:
676:
674:
673:
672:Simoedosaurus
668:
664:
663:
662:Champsosaurus
654:
653:
652:Champsosaurus
648:
644:
642:
638:
637:ovoviviparous
633:
632:
631:Champsosaurus
627:
623:
618:
609:
608:
607:Champsosaurus
602:
595:
593:
591:
590:
589:Borealosuchus
585:
581:
580:
579:Simoedosaurus
575:
574:
573:Champsosaurus
569:
565:
560:
557:
556:Champsosaurus
553:
549:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
529:North America
526:
525:
524:Simoedosaurus
520:
519:
518:Champsosaurus
514:
513:North America
510:
503:
502:
501:Simoedosaurus
496:
492:
490:
489:
488:Simoedosaurus
484:
480:
476:
475:
474:Simoedosaurus
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
422:
421:
415:
408:
406:
404:
400:
396:
395:
390:
389:
388:Simoedosaurus
384:
383:
378:
377:
372:
371:
366:
365:
360:
359:
358:Champsosaurus
354:
346:
344:
342:
338:
334:
331:
327:
323:
315:
311:
308:
304:
299:
298:
291:
289:
288:
287:Simoedosaurus
281:
279:
278:
271:
269:
268:
261:
259:
258:
251:
249:
248:
241:
239:
238:
237:Champsosaurus
231:
230:
228:
223:
216:
210:
207:
206:
203:
197:
194:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
148:
143:
139:
136:
135:
134:Champsosaurus
129:
125:
120:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
52:
45:
41:
33:
30:
19:
1426:Choristodera
1373:
1307:
1300:
1293:
1288:Liaoxisaurus
1286:
1279:
1274:Ikechosaurus
1272:
1265:
1257:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1158:Choristodera
1133:Choristodera
1131:
1107:Choristodera
1050:Superclass:
1022:Choristodera
974:
969:
954:
950:
945:
930:
926:
921:
888:
884:
874:
849:
845:
839:
831:
823:
788:
739:
735:
725:
697:
691:
685:Ikechosaurus
683:
677:
670:
660:
658:
650:
629:
613:
605:
587:
584:alligatorids
577:
571:
564:crocodilians
561:
555:
537:
522:
516:
506:
499:
486:
472:
466:
447:
444:crocodilians
425:
418:
417:Skeleton of
392:
386:
380:
376:Liaoxisaurus
374:
368:
364:Ikechosaurus
362:
356:
350:
330:choristodere
321:
320:
313:
295:
285:
275:
267:Liaoxisaurus
265:
255:
247:Ikechosaurus
245:
235:
214:
202:Choristodera
132:
49:145–56
29:
1192:Irenosaurus
1178:Cteniogenys
620:snout in a
498:Fossils of
458:Valanginian
452:, from the
347:Systematics
1281:Kosmodraco
1116:see below↓
1095:Sauropsida
1080:Sauropsida
1062:Subclass:
1058:Sauropsida
717:References
641:viviparous
548:Appalachia
544:New Jersey
464:of China.
454:Berriasian
405:of Japan.
370:Kosmodraco
339:and early
337:Cretaceous
257:Kosmodraco
208:Suborder:
1052:Tetrapoda
1038:Kingdom:
913:237761128
905:0031-0239
866:2096-9899
742:(1): 34.
711:Greenland
617:gastralia
509:Campanian
479:Paleocene
409:Evolution
326:crocodile
165:Kingdom:
159:Eukaryota
1420:Category
1389:Q2405206
1383:Wikidata
1349:Category
1309:Tchoiria
1064:Diapsida
1046:Chordata
1044:Phylum:
1040:Animalia
768:35313822
704:Canadian
568:gharials
420:Tchoiria
394:Tchoiria
353:polytomy
341:Cenozoic
333:reptiles
307:Synonyms
297:Tchoiria
189:Reptilia
179:Chordata
175:Phylum:
169:Animalia
155:Domain:
1219:Shokawa
1056:Class:
759:8935759
667:gharial
622:snorkel
596:Biology
477:in the
225:Genera
195:Order:
185:Class:
1403:104042
911:
903:
864:
766:
756:
707:Arctic
680:enamel
626:scutes
533:Europe
483:Eocene
44:Eocene
909:S2CID
655:skull
460:aged
1093:see
901:ISSN
862:ISSN
764:PMID
709:and
586:and
576:and
531:and
481:and
438:and
432:Asia
391:and
57:PreꞒ
979:doi
959:doi
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