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139:, fear, destitution, pain, and ultimately death. These Lords all work in pairs: Xiquiripat ("Flying Scab") and Cuchumaquic ("Gathered Blood"), who sicken people's blood; Ahalpuh ("Pus Demon") and Ahalgana ("Jaundice Demon"), who cause people's bodies to swell up; Chamiabac ("Bone Staff") and Chamiaholom ("Skull Staff"), who turn dead bodies into skeletons; Ahalmez ("Sweepings Demon") and Ahaltocob ("Stabbing Demon"), who hide in the unswept areas of people's houses and stab them to death; and Xic ("Wing") and Patan ("Packstrap"), who cause people to die coughing up blood while out walking on a road. The remaining residents of Xibalba are thought to have fallen under the dominion of one of these Lords, going about the face of the Earth to carry out their listed duties.
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The city was home to at least six deadly houses filled with trials for visitors. The first was Dark House, a house that was completely dark inside. The second was
Rattling House or Cold House, full of bone-chilling cold and rattling hail. The third was Jaguar House, filled with hungry jaguars. The
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were seated near the Lords to confuse and humiliate people who greeted them, and the confused would then be invited to sit upon a bench, which was actually a hot cooking surface. The Lords of
Xibalba would entertain themselves by humiliating people in this fashion before sending them into one of
166:. Beyond these was a crossroads where travellers had to choose from among four roads that spoke in an attempt to confuse and beguile. Upon passing these obstacles, one would come upon the Xibalba council place, where it was expected visitors would greet the seated Lords. Realistic
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206:, the gods of Xibalba are tricked and finally humiliated into accepting lesser offerings from above by the Maya Twins, who got superpowers after they were burnt and their ashes thrown into a magical river. Anthropologist
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The role of
Xibalba and its inhabitants after their great defeat at the hands of the Hero Twins is unclear, although it seems to have continued its existence as a dark place of the underworld long after.
202:, the denizens of Xibalba at one point enjoyed the worship of the people on the surface of the Earth who offered human sacrifice to the gods of death. Over the span of time covered in the
179:, a sixth test, Hot House, filled with fires and heat, is identified. The purpose of these tests was to either kill or humiliate people placed into them if they could not outwit the test.
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fourth was Bat House, filled with dangerous shrieking bats, and the fifth was Razor House, filled with blades and razors that moved about of their own accord. In another part of the
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Xibalba seems to be rife with tests, trials, and traps for anyone who came into the city. Even the roads to
Xibalba were filled with obstacles: first a river filled with
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The remaining ten Lords are often referred to as demons and are given commission and domain over various forms of human suffering: to cause sickness,
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Popol Vuh: The Sacred Book of the Maya. The Great
Classic of Central American Spirituality, Translated from the Original Maya Text
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Xibalba was a large palace and a number of individual structures or locations within
Xibalba are described or mentioned in the
155:. Also mentioned are the homes of the Lords, gardens, and other structures indicating that Xibalba was at least a great city.
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ruling
Xibalba were Hun-Came ("One Death") and Vucub-Came ("Seven Death"), though Hun-Came is the senior of the two.
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associated with death and with twelve gods or powerful rulers known as the Lords of
Xibalba. The first among the
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succumbed to the trickery of the demons in the form of a deadly, bladed ball, as well as the site in which the
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Popol Vuh: The
Definitive Edition of the Mayan Book of the Dawn of Life and the Glories of Gods and Kings.
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This article is about the underworld in Maya mythology. For the
American trilingual hardcore band, see
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508:"The Story of Hero Twins - Mayan Collection | Myths and Legends | EP03 | 4K"
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Popol Vuh: Sacred Book of the Ancient Quiche Maya (Civilization of American Indian)
82:, the entrance to Xibalba was traditionally held to be a cave in the vicinity of
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have also been referred to as the entrance to Xibalba. In some Maya areas, the
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Astronomy in the Ancient World: Early and Modern Views on Celestial Events
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Xibalba was home of a famous ballcourt in which the heroes of the
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Star Gods of the Maya: Astronomy in Art, Folklore, and Calendars
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278:. Albuquerque: NM: University of New Mexico Press. p. 75.
58:), roughly translated as "place of fright", is the name of the
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Recinos, Adrian; Goetz, Delia; Morley, S.G. (trans.) (1991)
162:, a river filled with blood, and then a river filled with
339:(1st ed.). University of Texas Press. p. 98.
316:"The Mayan Sacbe System Analyzed as an Information Web"
429:. University of Maine, Fogler Library. Archived from
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has speculated that this version of history may be a
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outwitted the gods and brought about their downfall.
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318:. Florida International University. Archived from
276:Journey to Xibalba : A Life in Archaeology
23:. For the cave system in Central America, see
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259:. Washington State University. Archived from
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214:slander on earlier Mayan forms of worship.
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34:Vessel depicting the action of aggressive
510:. September 26, 2019 – via YouTube.
483:. Simon Fraser University. Archived from
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397:Christenson, Allen J. (trans.) (2007)
303:. Archaeological Institute of America.
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124:as a court below the surface of the
16:Underworld in Kʼicheʼ Maya mythology
78:and their helpers. In 16th-century
257:"Native American Creation Stories"
98:is viewed as the road to Xibalba.
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497:mayas.mrdonn.org/herotwins.html
299:Walker, Amélie A. (June 2000).
1:
301:"My Trip to Xibalba and Back"
118:Xibalba is described in the
746:Locations in Maya mythology
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465:. Mythweb. Archived from
372:10.1007/978-3-319-23600-1
90:. Cave systems in nearby
366:. Springer. p. 29.
333:Milbrath, Susan (1999).
171:Xibalba's deadly tests.
110:Noblewoman entangled by
360:McLeod, Alexus (2016).
274:Patterson, Don (2007).
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549:Maya Caves and Xibalbá
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619:Título de Totonicapán
449:www.meta-religion.com
425:Palmer III, William.
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481:"Twins in mythology"
51:Mayan pronunciation:
668:Xmucane and Xpiacoc
322:on 23 October 2017.
263:on 23 October 2017.
183:Downfall of Xibalba
554:2016-12-23 at the
527:Touchstone Books.
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55:[ʃiɓalˈɓa]
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381:978-3-319-23600-1
255:Hooker, Richard.
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445:"Popol Vuh"
102:Inhabitants
751:Underworld
740:Categories
658:Qʼuqʼumatz
346:0292752253
239:References
168:mannequins
137:starvation
60:underworld
677:Popul Vuh
605:Popol Vuh
204:Popol Vuh
200:Popol Vuh
189:Popol Vuh
177:Popol Vuh
160:scorpions
153:ballcourt
149:Popol Vuh
143:Structure
121:Popol Vuh
96:Milky Way
88:Guatemala
684:Camazotz
648:Jacawitz
552:Archived
222:See also
725:Xibalba
709:Zipacna
643:Huracan
631:Deities
523:(1996)
212:Kʼicheʼ
112:K'awiil
80:Verapaz
64:K'iche'
45:Xibalba
718:Places
638:Awilix
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233:Patala
92:Belize
68:Mitnal
704:Xquic
663:Tohil
597:Texts
126:Earth
84:Cobán
70:) in
36:wayob
529:ISBN
376:ISBN
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228:Diyu
62:(in
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