27:
103:
703:
223:. The fragment was originally a part of a large stone disk that depicted the fallen Coyolxauhqui with the Xiuhcoatl fire serpent penetrating her chest. This Xiuhcoatl wielded by Huitzilopochtli symbolizes the forces of darkness being driven out by the fiery rays of the sun.
181:
241:
ceremony, Xiuhcoatl was represented by a paper serpent with red feathers emerging from its open maw to represent flames. During the ceremony, burning torches also symbolized
Xiuhcoatl and a serpent dance was performed.
133:
period, the
Xiuhcoatl fire serpent was associated with the three concepts associated with its tail-sign: turquoise, grass, and the solar year. All three of these concepts were associated with fire in central
110:
Typically, Xiuhcoatl was depicted with a sharply back-turned snout and a segmented body. Its tail resembled the trapeze-and-ray year sign and probably does represent that symbol. In
122:", and "grass". Often, the tail of Xiuhcoatl is marked with the Aztec symbol for "grass". The body of the Xiuhcoatl was wrapped with knotted strips of paper, linking the serpent to
1330:
1545:
753:
660:
1320:
1550:
82:, and was used as a back ornament on representations of both Xiuhtecuhtli and Huitzilopochtli. Xiuhcoatl is interpreted as the embodiment of the
229:, the sun god, was guided across the sky by Xiuhcoatl and was used by him as a weapon against his underworld enemies, the stars, and the moon.
576:
Olivier, Guilhem; López Luján; Leonardo (2009). "Images of
Moctezuma and his symbols of power". In Colin McEwan; Leonardo López Luján (eds.).
589:
164:
Although the Fire
Serpent easily may be traced back to the Early Postclassic period in Tula, its ultimate origins are unclear. During the
1646:
91:
620:
558:
516:
478:
440:
409:
382:
172:
was probably a forerunner of
Xiuhcoatl, it was also depicted with the grass symbol, flames, and the trapeze-and-ray year symbol.
1615:
1495:
146:
138:
during the
Postclassic, with dry grass and the solar year being closely identified with fire and solar heat. Page 46 of the
1656:
653:
374:
1651:
1590:
1560:
534:
123:
1395:
1355:
261:
161:
has warrior columns on Mound B that bear mirrors on their backs, also surrounded by four
Xiuhcoatl fire serpents.
1565:
1440:
1435:
646:
581:
158:
1470:
840:
723:
1535:
1279:
1140:
1135:
496:
458:
165:
130:
949:
687:
427:
López Austin, Alfredo (2002). "The
Natural World". In Eduardo Matos Moctezuma; Felipe Solis Olguín (eds.).
1515:
500:
691:
1595:
508:
432:
1480:
1130:
1625:
1605:
1585:
1575:
1570:
1505:
1485:
1465:
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1445:
1420:
1325:
1300:
830:
781:
1410:
791:
1510:
1425:
1274:
857:
1365:
1094:
954:
934:
761:
711:
212:
31:
1074:
1029:
929:
914:
889:
550:
470:
1455:
1610:
1415:
1246:
808:
626:
616:
595:
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522:
512:
484:
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436:
415:
405:
388:
378:
150:
75:
64:
1241:
1580:
1525:
1400:
1340:
1310:
1305:
1236:
999:
959:
879:
820:
188:
47:
899:
1475:
1405:
1370:
1191:
964:
786:
771:
669:
204:
184:
60:
26:
20:
1084:
919:
102:
1520:
1390:
1350:
1315:
1165:
1039:
984:
894:
683:
358:
39:
71:
serpent" and also carries the symbolic and descriptive translation of "fire serpent".
1640:
1540:
1385:
1160:
1079:
979:
974:
944:
939:
904:
825:
139:
79:
215:. This incident is illustrated on a fragment of broken sculpture excavated from the
1620:
1600:
1460:
1345:
1335:
1211:
1175:
1104:
1044:
1034:
845:
813:
733:
728:
466:
366:
220:
216:
208:
200:
154:
142:
52:
1251:
543:
1555:
1530:
1500:
1490:
1380:
1375:
1360:
1295:
1231:
1206:
1145:
1109:
1089:
1049:
850:
835:
766:
545:
An
Illustrated Dictionary of the Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya
180:
169:
1430:
1226:
1216:
1201:
1170:
1150:
1125:
909:
738:
538:
83:
599:
1269:
1155:
1069:
1064:
969:
630:
568:
526:
488:
450:
419:
392:
326:
Read & Gonzalez 2000, pp.194, 230. Miller & Taube 1993, 2003, p.188.
145:
depicts four smoking
Xiuhcoatl serpents arranged around a burning turquoise
119:
68:
1196:
803:
702:
1024:
1009:
1004:
989:
884:
874:
776:
742:
612:
238:
226:
157:, with four fire serpents encircling the rim. The archaeological site of
1054:
1014:
994:
924:
869:
111:
1099:
1019:
196:
135:
56:
638:
179:
101:
25:
106:
An Aztec sculpture representing the left-facing head of Xiuhcoatl
1059:
86:
and was the weapon of the sun. Apparently, the royal diadem (or
642:
371:
Historia de las Indias de Nueva-España y Islas de Tierra Firme
51:
was a mythological serpent, regarded as the spirit form of
463:
The Great Temple of the Aztecs: Treasures of Tenochtitlan
94:
represented the tail of the Xiuhcoatl, the fire serpent.
365:. Civilization of the American Indian series, no. 210.
207:. With it, soon after his birth, he pierced his sister
191:
with Xiuhcoatl held up in his right hand as a weapon
1288:
1260:
1184:
1118:
752:
710:
676:
55:, the Aztec fire deity sometimes represented as an
542:
149:. A turquoise-rimmed mirror has been found at the
465:. New Aspects of Antiquity series. Translated by
404:(in Spanish). Mexico City: Panorama Editorial.
335:Matos Moctezuma & Solis Olguín 2002, p.414.
256:
254:
369:(trans., annot., and introd.) (translation of
654:
8:
661:
647:
639:
299:Miller & Taube 1993, 2003, pp.188-189.
203:. It was a lightning-like weapon borne by
199:, or spirit form, of the Aztec fire deity
607:Read, Kay Almere; Jason González (2000).
295:
293:
291:
289:
211:, destroying her, and also defeated the
1546:Romances de los señores de Nueva España
250:
363:The History of the Indies of New Spain
317:Read & Gonzalez 2000, pp.194, 230.
46:
30:An Aztec sculpture of Xiuhcoatl from
7:
90:, "pointed turquoise thing") of the
195:Xiuhcoatl was considered to be the
609:Handbook of Mesoamerican Mythology
308:Fernández 1992, 1996, pp.107, 160.
74:Xiuhcoatl was a common subject of
14:
1441:Lienzo de Coixtlahuaca I & II
686:: Ometēcuthli and Omecihuātl (or
701:
283:Olivier & López Luján, p.85.
1616:Codex Vindobonensis Mexicanus I
1496:Oztoticpac Lands Map of Texcoco
1446:Lienzo de Santa María Nativitas
1456:Lienzo de Zacatepec I & II
402:Dioses Prehispánicos de México
1:
373:, English ed.). Norman:
78:, including illustrations in
375:University of Oklahoma Press
344:Matos Moctezuma 1988, p.140.
34:, now in the British Museum
1591:Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca
1451:Lienzo de Santiago Ihuitlan
262:"Stone figure of Xiuhcoatl"
1673:
1551:Codex Santa Maria Asunción
1331:Boban Aztec Calendar Wheel
400:Fernández, Adela (1996) .
18:
16:Aztec mythological serpent
1647:Aztec legendary creatures
1566:Codex Telleriano-Remensis
1356:Mapas de Cuauhtinchan 1-4
1326:Codices Becker I & II
699:
274:López Austin 2002, p.142.
67:word that translates as "
1506:Plano en papel de maguey
1316:Codices Azoyú I & II
582:The British Museum Press
497:Matos Moctezuma, Eduardo
459:Matos Moctezuma, Eduardo
1301:Aubin Manuscript no. 20
59:or a weapon wielded by
1436:Lienzo Antonio de León
578:Moctezuma: Aztec Ruler
192:
107:
48:[ʃiʍˈkoːaːt͡ɬ]
35:
1596:Codex Totomixtlahuaca
1536:Relación de Michoacán
1486:Códice Maya de México
1471:Matrícula de Tributos
1396:Codex Fejérváry-Mayer
841:Tlāhuizcalpantecuhtli
509:Royal Academy of Arts
433:Royal Academy of Arts
183:
168:, the War Serpent of
105:
29:
1657:Mythological weapons
1626:Codex Zouche-Nuttall
1576:Anales de Tlatelolco
1466:Codex Magliabechiano
716:(Four Tezcatlipocas)
1516:Codex Porfirio Díaz
1511:Primeros Memoriales
1426:Codex Ixtlilxochitl
1421:Humboldt fragment 1
1411:Códice de Huichapan
1321:Badianus Manuscript
1275:The Stinking Corpse
584:. pp. 78–123.
551:Thames & Hudson
501:Felipe Solis Olguín
471:Thames & Hudson
187:as depicted in the
19:For the rifle, see
1652:Legendary serpents
1481:Crónica Mexicayotl
1366:Codex Chimalpopoca
955:Itzpapalotlcihuatl
935:Huitztlampaehecatl
796:Tezcatlipoca (see
762:Lords of the Night
213:Centzon Huitznahua
193:
108:
36:
1634:
1633:
1611:Codex Vaticanus B
1571:Tira de Tepechpan
1416:Codex Huexotzinco
1361:Codex Chimalpahin
1280:Use of entheogens
1247:Tlillan-Tlapallan
1141:Centzon Tōtōchtin
1136:Centzonhuītznāhua
862:Acuecueyotl (see
717:
591:978-0-7141-2585-5
65:Classical Nahuatl
63:. Xiuhcoatl is a
1664:
1581:Codex Tlatelolco
1401:Codex Florentine
1341:Codex Borbonicus
1311:Codex Azcatitlan
1306:Aubin Tonalamatl
1237:Thirteen Heavens
1000:Mictlanpachecatl
960:Itzpapalotltotec
880:Chalchiuhtotolin
821:Lords of the Day
715:
705:
663:
656:
649:
640:
634:
603:
572:
548:
530:
492:
454:
423:
396:
345:
342:
336:
333:
327:
324:
318:
315:
309:
306:
300:
297:
284:
281:
275:
272:
266:
265:
258:
189:Codex Borbonicus
50:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1476:Codex Mexicanus
1406:Codex Huamantla
1381:Codex Cozcatzin
1371:Codex Colombino
1284:
1262:
1256:
1180:
1131:Centzonmīmixcōa
1114:
965:Itztlacoliuhqui
864:Chalchiuhtlicue
787:Piltzintecuhtli
772:Chalchiuhtlicue
748:
724:Huītzilōpōchtli
714:
706:
697:
672:
670:Aztec mythology
667:
637:
623:
606:
592:
575:
561:
533:
519:
495:
481:
457:
443:
426:
412:
399:
385:
357:
353:
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334:
330:
325:
321:
316:
312:
307:
303:
298:
287:
282:
278:
273:
269:
260:
259:
252:
248:
239:Panquetzaliztli
235:
205:Huitzilopochtli
185:Huitzilopochtli
178:
126:and sacrifice.
118:means "year", "
100:
61:Huitzilopochtli
24:
21:FX-05 Xiuhcoatl
17:
12:
11:
5:
1670:
1668:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1639:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1606:Anales de Tula
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1521:Mapa Quinatzin
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1351:Codex Boturini
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
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1283:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1214:
1212:Huēyi Teōcalli
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
985:Malinalxochitl
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
860:
855:
854:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
831:Mictēcacihuātl
828:
818:
817:
816:
811:
806:
801:
794:
789:
784:
782:Mictlāntēcutli
779:
774:
769:
758:
756:
750:
749:
747:
746:
736:
731:
726:
720:
718:
708:
707:
700:
698:
696:
695:
688:Tōnacātēcuhtli
680:
678:
674:
673:
668:
666:
665:
658:
651:
643:
636:
635:
621:
604:
590:
573:
559:
531:
517:
493:
479:
455:
441:
424:
410:
397:
383:
354:
352:
349:
347:
346:
337:
328:
319:
310:
301:
285:
276:
267:
249:
247:
244:
234:
231:
177:
174:
166:Classic Period
99:
96:
92:Aztec emperors
40:Aztec religion
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1669:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1561:Mapa Sigüenza
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1526:Codex Ramírez
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1386:Codex Dresden
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:Ehecatotontli
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
980:Macuilxochitl
978:
976:
975:Macuiltochtli
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
945:Ilamatecuhtli
943:
941:
940:Huixtocihuatl
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
905:Cihuatecayotl
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
865:
861:
859:
858:Acolnahuacatl
856:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
823:
822:
819:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
799:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
764:
763:
760:
759:
757:
755:
751:
744:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
721:
719:
713:
709:
704:
693:
692:Tōnacācihuātl
689:
685:
682:
681:
679:
675:
671:
664:
659:
657:
652:
650:
645:
644:
641:
632:
628:
624:
622:1-85109-340-0
618:
614:
610:
605:
601:
597:
593:
587:
583:
579:
574:
570:
566:
562:
560:0-500-27928-4
556:
552:
547:
546:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
518:1-903973-22-8
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
480:0-500-27752-4
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
442:1-903973-22-8
438:
434:
430:
425:
421:
417:
413:
411:968-38-0306-7
407:
403:
398:
394:
390:
386:
384:0-8061-2649-3
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
355:
350:
341:
338:
332:
329:
323:
320:
314:
311:
305:
302:
296:
294:
292:
290:
286:
280:
277:
271:
268:
263:
257:
255:
251:
245:
243:
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80:Aztec codices
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33:
28:
22:
1621:Codex Xolotl
1601:Codex Tudela
1586:Mapa Tloztin
1461:Codex Madrid
1346:Codex Borgia
1336:Codex Bodley
1261:Beliefs and
1220:
1176:Xiuhtotontli
1105:Yacatecuhtli
1085:Xōchiquetzal
1045:Tlacotzontli
1035:Temazcalteci
1030:Tēcciztēcatl
930:Huēhuecoyōtl
920:Coyolxāuhqui
890:Chicomecōātl
863:
846:Tlaltecuhtli
814:Xiuhtecuhtli
798:Creator gods
797:
734:Tezcatlipoca
729:Quetzalcoatl
712:Creator gods
608:
577:
544:
535:Miller, Mary
504:
467:Doris Heyden
462:
428:
401:
370:
367:Doris Heyden
362:
359:Durán, Diego
340:
331:
322:
313:
304:
279:
270:
236:
225:
221:Tenochtitlan
217:Great Temple
209:Coyolxauhqui
201:Xiuhtecuhtli
194:
163:
155:Chichen Itza
143:Codex Borgia
128:
124:bloodletting
115:
109:
88:xiuhuitzolli
87:
73:
53:Xiuhtecuhtli
43:
37:
1556:Selden Roll
1531:Codex Reese
1501:Paris Codex
1491:Codex Osuna
1391:Codex Durán
1376:Codex Cospi
1296:Aubin Codex
1232:Teotihuacan
1207:Chicomoztoc
1166:Tiānquiztli
1110:Zacatzontli
1090:Xochitlicue
1050:Tlalocayotl
1040:Tepoztēcatl
950:Ītzpāpālōtl
836:Nanahuatzin
809:Tlazōlteōtl
792:Tepēyōllōtl
677:Primordials
237:During the
170:Teotihuacan
131:Postclassic
114:, the word
1641:Categories
1541:Codex Ríos
1431:Codex Laud
1227:Tamoanchan
1221:Underworld
1202:Cemanahuac
1171:Tzitzimitl
1151:Cihuateteo
1126:Ahuiateteo
1080:Xōchipilli
910:Cipactonal
900:Cihuacōātl
826:Citlālicue
739:Xipe Totec
611:. Oxford:
580:. London:
549:. London:
539:Karl Taube
507:. London:
469:. London:
431:. London:
351:References
98:Attributes
84:dry season
1270:Five Suns
1156:Civateteo
1070:Tonantzin
1065:Toltecatl
970:Ixtlilton
915:Cōātlīcue
600:416257004
541:(2003) .
361:(1994) .
176:Mythology
120:turquoise
76:Aztec art
69:turquoise
44:Xiuhcōātl
1263:practice
1242:Tlālōcān
1146:Cintēteo
1025:Patecatl
1010:Opochtli
1005:Mixcoatl
990:Mayahuel
895:Chīmalmā
885:Chantico
875:Atlacoya
851:Tōnatiuh
777:Cinteotl
767:Centeōtl
743:Camaxtle
684:Ōmeteōtl
631:43879188
613:ABC-CLIO
569:28801551
527:56096386
503:(2002).
489:17968786
461:(1988).
451:56096386
420:59601185
393:29565779
227:Tonatiuh
153:city of
1289:Codices
1217:Mictlān
1192:Anahuac
1075:Xilonen
1055:Tlilhua
1015:Oxomoco
995:Metztli
925:Ehecatl
870:Atlahua
754:Deities
129:In the
116:xihuitl
112:Nahuatl
32:Texcoco
1252:Tōllān
1197:Aztlán
1185:Places
1119:Groups
1100:Xolotl
1095:Xocotl
1020:Painal
804:Tláloc
629:
619:
598:
588:
567:
557:
525:
515:
505:Aztecs
487:
477:
449:
439:
429:Aztecs
418:
408:
391:
381:
233:Ritual
197:nahual
147:mirror
136:Mexico
57:atlatl
1219:(The
246:Notes
1060:Toci
741:(or
690:and
627:OCLC
617:ISBN
596:OCLC
586:ISBN
565:OCLC
555:ISBN
523:OCLC
513:ISBN
485:OCLC
475:ISBN
447:OCLC
437:ISBN
416:OCLC
406:ISBN
389:OCLC
379:ISBN
159:Tula
151:Maya
219:of
38:In
1643::
625:.
615:.
594:.
563:.
553:.
537:;
521:.
511:.
499:;
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473:.
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288:^
253:^
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