135:
758:
478:
36:
1152:) to a long poem was translated as early as 1834 by the celebrated German orientalist Heinrich Julius Klaproth (1783–1835). Klaproth, having journeyed to Siberia in pursuit of strange languages, encountered some Japanese castaways, fishermen, hardly ideal mentors for the study of 8th century poetry. Not surprisingly, his translation was anything but accurate.
1171:
Dutch scholar Jan L. Pierson completed an
English translation of the Man'yōshū between 1929 and 1963, although this is described by Alexander Vovin as "seriously outdated" due to Pierson having "ignored or misunderstood many facts of Old Japanese grammar and phonology" which had been established in
1172:
the 20th century. Japanese scholars Honda
Heihachiro (1967) and Suga Teruo (1991) both produced complete literary translations into English, with the former using rhymed iambic feet and preserving the 31-syllable count of tanka and the latter preserving the 5-7 pattern of syllables in each line.
983:, whose poetry is highly idiosyncratic in both its language and subject matter and has been highly praised in modern times. Yakamochi himself was a poet of the fourth period (730–759), and according to Keene he "dominated" this period. He composed the last dated poem of the anthology in 759.
883:. The fourth period spans 730–760 and includes the work of the last great poet of this collection, the compiler Ōtomo no Yakamochi himself, who not only wrote many original poems but also edited, updated and refashioned an unknown number of ancient poems.
1177:
1191:, including commentaries, the original text, and translations of the prose elements in-between poems. He completed, in order, volumes 15, 5, 14, 20, 17, 18, 1, 19, 2, and 16 before his death in 2022, with volume 10 set to be released posthumously.
331:
is widely regarded as being a particularly unique
Japanese work, though its poems and passages did not differ starkly from its contemporaneous (for Yakamochi's time) scholarly standard of Chinese literature and poetics; many entries of the
1037:
to represent
Japanese words, phonetically to represent Japanese sounds, and frequently in a combination of these. Such usage of Chinese characters to phonetically represent Japanese syllables eventually led to the birth of
1534:"Review of The Ten Thousand Leaves. A Translation of the Man'yoshu, Japan's Premier Anthology of Classical Poetry. Volume One.; From the Country of Eight Islands. An Anthology of Japanese Poetry.; The Zen Poems of Ryokan"
408:, whose appeal is genuine even if incommunicable. In other words, the collection contains the appeal of an art at its pristine source with a romantic sense of venerable age and therefore of an ideal order since lost.
208: 4516). It contains many poems from a much earlier period, with the bulk of the collection representing the period between AD 600 and 759. The precise significance of the title is not known with certainty.
1165:
1241:. It is dated between 750 and 780, and its size is 23.4 by 2.4 by 1.2 cm (9.21 by 0.94 by 0.47 in). Inspection with an infrared camera revealed other characters, suggesting that the
744:, but Takeda also accepted the second interpretation; his theory that the title refers to the large volume of paper used in the collection has not gained much traction among other scholars.
1257:, contains poem 3807 in volume 16. It is dated to the middle of the 8th century, and is 2 centimetres (0.79 in) wide by 1 millimetre (0.039 in) thick. Lastly, a
491:
1511:
1091:. However, specific parts of the collection, particularly volumes 14 and 20, are also highly valued by historical linguists for the information they provide on other
394:
his early collection has something of the freshness of dawn There are irregularities not tolerated later, such as hypometric lines; there are evocative place names and
903:
were composed over a period of roughly a century, with scholars assigning the major poets of the collection to one or another of the four "periods" discussed above.
200:. The anthology is one of the most revered of Japan's poetic compilations. The compiler, or the last in a series of compilers, is today widely believed to be
3187:
1273:. Its size is 9.1 by 5.5 by 0.6 cm (3.58 by 2.17 by 0.24 in), and it is dated to the late 7th century, making it the oldest of the three.
1133:
2180:
Hare, Thomas
Blenman (1982). "Review: The Ten Thousand Leaves: A Translation of the Man'yōshū, Japan's Premier Anthology of Classical Poetry. Vol. 1".
3015:
1318:
that attempts to contain every species and variety of plant mentioned in the anthology. There are dozens of these gardens around Japan. The first
241:, songs to mourn the death of people. These songs were written by people of various statuses, such as the Emperor, aristocrats, junior officials,
2803:
2747:
2723:
2700:
2674:
2632:
2552:
2525:
2115:
2035:
1996:
1969:
1934:
1634:
1505:
1458:
2368:
3211:
2715:
2430:
2318:
2041:
3236:
3112:
2757:
2002:
1464:
779:
53:
2931:
2883:
2976:
2965:
2954:
2513:
A History of
Japanese Literature, Vol. 1: Seeds in the Heart – Japanese Literature from Earliest Times to the Late Sixteenth Century
1495:
805:
204:, although numerous other theories have been proposed. The chronologically last datable poem in the collection is from AD 759 (
119:
100:
725:
The third interpretation of the name - that it refers to a poetry collection that uses a large quantity of paper - was proposed by
268:
The collection is divided into 20 parts or books; this number was followed in most later collections. The collection contains 265
72:
2897:[A Study on Costumes in the 7th and 8th Centuries Represented in 'Manyoshu' : Meaning and Role Implied by Costume].
2451:
892:
818:
The collection is customarily divided into four periods. The earliest dates to prehistoric or legendary pasts, from the time of
2261:
907:'s poetry is included in that of the first period (645–672), while the second period (673–701) is represented by the poetry of
3168:
783:
79:
57:
584:
Those who interpret the middle character as literally referring to leaves of a tree, but as a metaphor for poems, including
3008:
1282:
2254:"Archive of past prize winners for the Japan-U.S. Friendship Commission Prize for the Translation of Japanese Literature"
2240:
The Man'yoshu. English Ten
Thousand Leaves: A Translation of the Man'yoshu, Japan's Premier Anthology of Classical Poetry
2846:
86:
3216:
3206:
356:
is considered singular, even in comparison with later works, in choosing primarily
Ancient Japanese themes, extolling
2906:
1658:
379:
3221:
2692:
1622:
1176:
published the first of what was intended to be a four volume
English translation in 1981 for which he received the
1569:
68:
2947:
2795:
2624:
2544:
2517:
1157:
917:
poets and one of the most important poets in
Japanese history. The third period (702–729) includes the poems of
3001:
768:
967:
but not as well as Hitomaro or Mushimaro. But the most prominent and important poets of the third period were
3163:
2495:
787:
772:
516:
46:
1307:
568:
2940:
944:
908:
861:
2830:
2601:
3226:
3039:
2822:
622:
201:
708:
649:
563:
3231:
3132:
2838:
1160:
published a translation created by a committee of Japanese scholars and revised by the English poet,
972:
857:
675:
660:
589:
2590:
The Reed Plains. Ancient Japanese Lyrics from the Manyōśū with Interpretive Paintings by Sanko Inoue
1096:
600:
469:
belonging to Kakimoto no Hitomaro, Kasa no Kanamura, Takahashi no Mushimaro and Tanabe no Sakimaro.
2834:
2818:
918:
686:
93:
2714:. Japan's Premier Anthology of Classical Poetry, Volume One. Tokyo: Kanda Educational Foundation,
860:(614–669). The second period covers the end of the 7th century, coinciding with the popularity of
611:
2826:
2739:
2512:
2397:
2376:
2343:
2300:
2205:
2159:
1561:
926:
713:
691:
680:
665:
654:
627:
616:
605:
594:
521:
193:
2418:
2322:
1418:
968:
876:
819:
1005:. Though it was by no means the first use of this writing system—which was used to compose the
721:
It was meant to indicate that the collection included poems from all ages (proposed by Yamada).
2879:
2859:
2814:
2799:
2787:
2743:
2719:
2696:
2670:
2628:
2616:
2548:
2521:
2197:
2151:
2111:
2031:
2025:
1992:
1965:
1959:
1930:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1553:
1501:
1454:
1396:
976:
943:, a poet who was once paired with Hitomaro but whose reputation has suffered in modern times;
940:
936:
880:
872:
726:
574:
455:
175:
2765:
1986:
1924:
438:
298:(a poem in the form 5-7-5-7-7-7; named for the poems inscribed on the Buddha's footprints at
2928:
2658:
2292:
2189:
2143:
2103:
1545:
1448:
1315:
1108:
958:
954:
841:
704:
700:
633:
317:
2253:
1236:
1000:
3046:
3024:
2980:
2969:
2958:
2935:
1390:
1233:, contains the first 11 characters of poem 2205 from volume 10, written in
1230:
1184:
1119:
904:
644:
It was meant to express the intention that the work should last for all time (proposed by
578:
547:
309:
149:
2973:
2962:
2951:
1104:
1100:
1267:, contains the first 14 characters of poem 1391, in volume 7, written in
2855:
1254:
1173:
421:
134:
2764:(in Japanese). University of Virginia Library Japanese Text Initiative. Archived from
1203:
In premodern Japan, officials used wooden slips or tablets of various sizes, known as
640:
Furthermore, supporters of the second interpretation of the name can be divided into:
314:(Chinese poems), and 22 Chinese prose passages. Unlike later collections, such as the
3200:
3053:
2466:
2462:
2426:
1325:
1161:
1080:
853:
849:
845:
671:
293:
279:
271:
187:
3118:
1382:
2535:
Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (2004).
2507:
1497:
Traditional Japanese Literature: An Anthology, Beginnings to 1600, Abridged Edition
1129:
1092:
1070:
922:
585:
397:
515:
The principal interpretations of this name, according to the 20th century scholar
418:
also preserves the names of earlier Japanese poetic compilations, these being the
2736:
1000 Poems From The Manyoshu: The Complete Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkokai Translation
2283:
Piggott, Joan R. (Winter 1990). "Mokkan: Wooden Documents from the Nara Period".
1417:
A small number of poems are attributed to figures from the ancient past, such as
1211:, for recording memoranda, simple correspondence, and official dispatches. Three
1178:
Japan–U.S. Friendship Commission Prize for the Translation of Japanese Literature
2666:
2540:
1264:
1088:
1013:(712),—it was influential enough to give the writing system its modern name, as
757:
477:
197:
35:
925:
called "he only new poet of importance" of the early part of this period, when
2990:– Columbia University Press, Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkokai translation 1940, 1965
2684:
2458:
2422:
1612:
1347:
997:
is significant for using the earliest Japanese writing system, the cumbersome
540:
Of these, supporters of the first interpretation can be further divided into:
303:
299:
2201:
2155:
1557:
2986:
2863:
339:
3139:
3088:
645:
2894:
2583:
The Manyōshū. One Thousand Poems Selected and Translated from the Japanese
2107:
1164:. This translation was accepted in the Japanese Translation Series of the
3173:
2650:
2642:
1650:
1337:
1291:
of grasses and trees are mentioned in approximately 1,500 entries of the
1055:
1047:
1034:
552:, lit. "leaves of speech"), thus giving "ten thousand words", i.e. "many
347:
1961:
Remembering Paradise: Nativism and Nostalgia in Eighteenth-century Japan
17:
2304:
2209:
2163:
1565:
1533:
1288:
980:
559:
1379:
It is not the oldest anthology of poetry written in Japan, since the
1206:
1008:
452:, as well as at least four family or individual anthologies known as
357:
343:
2296:
2193:
2147:
1549:
1926:
A History of Japanese Literature: From the Manyoshu to Modern Times
864:, one of Japan's greatest poets. The third period spans 700 –
3146:
3095:
3081:
3074:
3067:
3060:
2993:
2712:
The Man'yo-shu : a complete English translation in 5–7 rhythm
1342:
1084:
1033:". This system uses Chinese characters in a variety of functions:
497:
476:
182:
133:
2878:] (in Japanese) (paperback ed.). Kadokawa Shoten. 2001.
1408:
Keichū also recognized the first interpretation as a possibility.
953:
poets, who recorded a number of Japanese legends such as that of
1166:
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
1095:, as these volumes collectively contain over 300 poems from the
1022:
2997:
223:
poems in 20 volumes, and is broadly divided into three genres:
1253:, excavated in 1997 from the Miyamachi archaeological site in
751:
29:
2691:. Japan's Premier Anthology of Classical Poetry, Volume One.
1187:
published the first volume of his English translation of the
971:, Yakamochi's father and the head of a poetic circle in the
2663:
Man'yōshū Jiten (Man'yōshū zen'yakuchū genbun-tsuki bekkan)
2498:(1973). "Man'yōshū no Meigi". In Sen'ichi Hisamatsu (ed.).
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
2537:
Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei, Bekkan: Man'yōshū Sakuin
1618:
The Princeton Companion to Classical Japanese Literature
2730:, Kanda University of International Studies, Chiba City
2689:
The Ten Thousand Leaves: A Translation of the Man'yoshu
1079:
is written in Western Old Japanese, the dialect of the
1388:
1380:
1319:
1292:
1268:
1258:
1248:
1242:
1234:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1204:
1195:
1147:
1137:
1123:
1099:
provinces of eastern Japan—what is now the regions of
1074:
1061:
1053:
1045:
1044:, as they were created from simplified cursive forms (
1039:
1028:
1020:
1014:
1006:
998:
992:
962:
948:
930:
912:
898:
553:
545:
536:
A poetry collection that uses a large volume of paper.
501:
482:
413:
403:
395:
385:
377:
351:
333:
326:
315:
307:
291:
285:
277:
269:
260:
259:
folk songs (Eastern songs). There are more than 2,100
254:
248:
242:
236:
230:
224:
218:
212:
185:
139:
1122:
produced some early, severely flawed translations of
544:
Those who interpret the middle character as "words" (
2792:
A Waka Anthology: Volume One: The Gem-Glistening Cup
2621:
A Waka Anthology: Volume One: The Gem-Glistening Cup
2581:
The Japanese Classics Translation Committee (1940):
384:). In addition, the language of many entries of the
3182:
3156:
3105:
3031:
2134:Rutledge, Eric (1983). "The Man'yoshu in English".
979:, possibly an immigrant from the Korean kingdom of
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
196:), compiled sometime after AD 759 during the
1263:excavated at the Ishigami archaeological site in
390:exerts a powerful sentimental appeal to readers:
2129:
2127:
179:; literally "Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves")
1298:
1217:that have been excavated contain text from the
1144:
730:
453:
436:
419:
402:; and there are evocative exclamations such as
392:
369:
156:
1305:
737:
507:
462:
445:
428:
363:
338:have a continental tone, earlier poems having
235:, songs about love between men and women; and
165:
3009:
2576:The Manyōśū. Translated and Annotated, Book 1
2093:
2091:
2089:
1923:Shuichi Kato; Don Sanderson (15 April 2013).
1651:"Man'yōshū • . A History . . of Japan . 日本歴史"
8:
2598:The Manyoshu: A New and Complete Translation
2225:The Manyoshu. A New and Complete Translation
2175:
2173:
1615:; Hiroko Odagiri; Robert E. Morrell (1985).
961:, a high-ranking courtier who also composed
492:Interpretation of the title of the Man'yōshū
786:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
699:It was meant to wish for long life for the
512:) is "ten thousand — leaves — collection".
27:Oldest extant collection of Japanese poetry
3016:
3002:
2994:
2612:. Columbia University Press, New York 1969
1991:. Cambridge University Press. p. 14.
2419:"Manyo Shokubutsu-en(萬葉集に詠まれた植物を植栽する植物園)"
1964:. Harvard Univ Asia Center. p. 182.
1754:
1697:
1685:
806:Learn how and when to remove this message
253:songs), street performers, peasants, and
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
3157:Individuals and groups of Japanese poets
2030:. Oxford University Press. p. 212.
991:In addition to its artistic merits, the
911:, generally regarded as the greatest of
530:A book that collects a great many poems;
2592:. Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo 1960
1439:
1399:—predates it by at least several years.
1359:
1247:was used for writing practice. Another
939:). Other "third period" poets include:
1600:
897:The vast majority of the poems of the
871:and covers the works of such poets as
2188:(3). Duke University Press: 597–599.
1910:
1898:
1886:
1874:
1862:
1850:
1838:
1826:
1814:
1802:
1790:
1778:
1766:
1589:
1450:Heichū Monogatari in Literary History
1073:literature, the vast majority of the
346:themes and later poems reflecting on
174:
7:
2716:Kanda Institute of Foreign Languages
2516:(paperback ed.). New York, NY:
2344:"万葉集：３例目、万葉歌木簡 編さん期と一致－－京都の遺跡・８世紀後半"
2070:Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai. (1965).
2005:from the original on 19 January 2023
1447:Videen, Susan Downing (1989-10-26).
840:) to those of the little documented
784:adding citations to reliable sources
58:adding citations to reliable sources
3113:List of Japanese poetry anthologies
2854:(in Japanese). Vol. 5. Tokyo:
2734:Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkokai (2005).
2321:. Asahi. 2008-10-17. Archived from
181:is the oldest extant collection of
2136:Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies
2083:Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai, p. ii.
1988:A History of the Japanese Language
1985:Bjarke Frellesvig (29 July 2010).
1453:. Harvard University Asia Center.
25:
2895:"「万葉集」に詠まれた7・8世紀の服飾：服飾が暗示する意味と役割"
2578:. Late E.J.Brill LTD, Leyden 1929
2502:. Tokyo: Yūseidō. pp. 16–27.
2291:(4). Sophia University: 449–450.
2943:Japanese Text Initiative website
2899:Bunka Gakuen University Bulletin
756:
533:A book for all generations; and:
34:
2909:from the original on 2020-11-02
2452:"Man'y Botanical garden(萬葉植物園)"
2433:from the original on 2014-04-11
2264:from the original on 9 May 2021
2098:Vovin, Alexander (2009-08-01).
2044:from the original on 2023-01-19
1661:from the original on 2022-12-24
1655:. A History . . of Japan . 日本歴史
1572:from the original on 2023-02-26
1514:from the original on 2023-12-22
1467:from the original on 2023-07-20
1069:Like the majority of surviving
848:(r. 594–661), and finally
823:
496:The literal translation of the
450:, Collections of Antique Poems)
229:, songs at banquets and trips;
45:needs additional citations for
3169:Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry
3164:Japanese poets (category list)
2647:Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan
2369:"万葉集：万葉歌、最古の木簡 ７世紀後半－－奈良・石神遺跡"
1132:explained in a preface to the
433:, Forest of Classified Verses)
205:
145:
1:
2665:(paperback ed.). Tokyo:
2242:. Princeton University Press.
1500:. Columbia University Press.
1494:Shirane, Haruo (2012-09-25).
865:
852:(r. 668–671) during the
834:
827:
290:(short connecting poem), one
3106:Poetry works and collections
2848:Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten
2375:. 2008-10-18. Archived from
2182:The Journal of Asian Studies
1532:Richard, Kenneth L. (1983).
929:promoted the composition of
3212:Japanese poetry anthologies
2596:Honda, H. H. (tr.) (1967).
2319:"７世紀の木簡に万葉の歌 奈良・石神遺跡、６０年更新"
2027:The World's Writing Systems
1389:
1387:, an anthology of Japanese
1381:
1320:
1299:
1293:
1269:
1259:
1249:
1243:
1235:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1205:
1196:
1148:
1138:
1124:
1075:
1062:
1054:
1046:
1040:
1029:
1021:
1015:
1007:
999:
993:
963:
949:
931:
913:
899:
731:
554:
546:
502:
483:
454:
437:
435:, several texts called the
420:
414:
404:
396:
386:
378:
370:
352:
334:
327:
316:
308:
292:
286:
278:
270:
261:
255:
249:
243:
237:
231:
225:
219:
213:
186:
157:
140:
3253:
3237:8th-century Japanese books
2693:Princeton University Press
1950:Roy Andrew Miller (1967).
1623:Princeton University Press
1280:
1134:Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkō Kai
890:
489:
265:poems by unknown authors.
217:comprises more than 4,500
2948:Waseda University Library
2796:Stanford University Press
2625:Stanford University Press
2518:Columbia University Press
2398:"万葉集：和歌刻んだ最古の木簡出土 奈良・明日香"
2024:Peter T. Daniels (1996).
1929:. Routledge. p. 24.
1367:
1306:
1158:Columbia University Press
738:
508:
463:
446:
429:
364:
360:virtues of forthrightness
166:
2850:
2842:
947:, one of the last great
350:teachings. However, the
2758:"Online edition of the
2588:Kenneth Yasuda (1960):
1283:Man'yō botanical garden
987:Linguistic significance
893:List of Man'yōshū poets
500:that make up the title
412:The compilation of the
322:, there is no preface.
2941:University of Virginia
2893:Sugano, Ayako (2006).
2569:Texts and translations
1154:
975:, and Tabito's friend
945:Takahashi no Mushimaro
909:Kakinomoto no Hitomaro
862:Kakinomoto no Hitomaro
487:
410:
152:
2645:(1983). "Man'yoshu".
2585:. Iwanami, Tokyo 1940
2223:Honda, H. H. (1967).
2142:(1). JSTOR: 263–290.
2108:10.1163/9789004212992
1954:. Tuttle. p. 32.
1952:The Japanese Language
1093:Old Japanese dialects
490:Further information:
480:
176:[maɰ̃joꜜːɕɯː]
137:
2946:Manuscript scans at
2858:. pp. 554–571.
2841:(1983). "Man'yōshū"
2831:Kinoshita, Masatoshi
2710:Suga, Teruo (1991).
2574:J.L.Pierson (1929):
2238:Levy, I. H. (1981).
1958:Peter Nosco (1990).
1321:Man'yō shokubutsu-en
1300:Man'yō shokubutsu-en
858:Fujiwara no Kamatari
780:improve this section
732:Man'yōshū Shinkai jō
276:(long poems), 4,207
54:improve this article
3188:Articles with poems
2813:Nakanishi, Susumu;
2602:The Hokuseido Press
2496:Hisamatsu, Sen'ichi
2400:. Asahi. 2008-10-17
2379:on October 20, 2008
2325:on October 20, 2008
2285:Monumenta Nipponica
2258:Donald Keene Center
2100:Man'yōshū (Book 15)
1889:, pp. 146–157.
1877:, pp. 138–146.
1865:, pp. 130–138.
1853:, pp. 128–130.
1841:, pp. 127–128.
1829:, pp. 123–127.
1817:, pp. 118–119.
1793:, pp. 118–146.
1781:, pp. 102–118.
1277:Plant species cited
919:Takechi no Kurohito
844:(r. 585–587),
648:, and supported by
284:(short poems), one
3217:Old Japanese texts
2979:2011-07-20 at the
2968:2011-07-20 at the
2957:2011-07-20 at the
2934:2023-12-23 at the
2788:Cranston, Edwin A.
2740:Dover Publications
2617:Cranston, Edwin A.
2608:Theodore De Bary:
2061:Uemura 1981:25–26.
1769:, pp. 92–102.
1484:Satake (2004: 555)
927:Fujiwara no Fuhito
623:Kiyotaka Hoshikawa
517:Sen'ichi Hisamatsu
488:
202:Ōtomo no Yakamochi
194:Classical Japanese
153:
3222:Nara-period works
3194:
3193:
2805:978-0-8047-3157-7
2749:978-0-486-43959-4
2725:978-4-483-00140-2
2702:978-0-691-00029-9
2676:978-4-06-183651-8
2659:Nakanishi, Susumu
2634:978-0-8047-3157-7
2554:978-4-00-240105-8
2527:978-0-231-11441-7
2117:978-90-04-21299-2
2037:978-0-19-507993-7
1998:978-1-139-48880-8
1971:978-0-674-76007-3
1936:978-1-136-61368-5
1700:, pp. 16–17.
1636:978-0-691-06599-1
1507:978-0-231-50453-9
1460:978-1-68417-275-7
1397:Classical Chinese
1052:) and fragments (
977:Yamanoue no Okura
941:Yamabe no Akahito
937:classical Chinese
881:Yamanoue no Okura
873:Yamabe no Akahito
816:
815:
808:
575:Kada no Azumamaro
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3244:
3183:Individual poems
3018:
3011:
3004:
2995:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2889:
2867:
2839:Hayashi, Tsutomu
2809:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2753:
2729:
2706:
2680:
2654:
2638:
2605:
2558:
2531:
2503:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2471:
2465:. Archived from
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1364:
1323:
1316:botanical garden
1313:
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966:
959:Kasa no Kanamura
952:
934:
916:
902:
870:
867:
856:and the time of
839:
836:
832:
829:
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811:
804:
800:
797:
791:
760:
752:
743:
741:
740:
734:
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709:Shinobu Origuchi
695:
684:
669:
658:
650:Kamochi Masazumi
634:Susumu Nakanishi
631:
620:
609:
598:
572:
564:Shimokōbe Chōryū
557:
551:
525:
511:
510:
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486:
481:A page from the
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3027:
3025:Japanese poetry
3022:
2981:Wayback Machine
2970:Wayback Machine
2959:Wayback Machine
2936:Wayback Machine
2924:
2912:
2910:
2901:(in Japanese).
2892:
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2709:
2703:
2685:Levy, Ian Hideo
2683:
2677:
2657:
2641:
2635:
2615:
2595:
2566:
2564:Further reading
2561:
2555:
2539:(in Japanese).
2534:
2528:
2506:
2500:Man'yō Kōza (I)
2494:
2490:
2485:
2484:
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2457:(in Japanese).
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2297:10.2307/2385379
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2018:
2008:
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1550:10.2307/2758798
1538:Pacific Affairs
1531:
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1508:
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1425:
1419:Emperor Yūryaku
1416:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1378:
1374:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1334:
1303:
1285:
1279:
1231:Kizugawa, Kyoto
1201:
1185:Alexander Vovin
1136:edition of the
1120:Julius Klaproth
1117:
1107:, and southern
1035:logographically
989:
969:Ōtomo no Tabito
905:Princess Nukata
895:
889:
877:Ōtomo no Tabito
868:
837:
830:
820:Emperor Yūryaku
812:
801:
795:
792:
777:
761:
750:
735:
711:
689:
678:
676:Noriyuki Kojima
663:
661:Inoue Michiyasu
652:
625:
614:
603:
592:
590:Kimura Masakoto
579:Kamo no Mabuchi
566:
519:
494:
475:
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443:
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361:
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150:Nukata no Ōkimi
138:A replica of a
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63:
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51:
39:
28:
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15:
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5:
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3133:Nijūichidaishū
3129:
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2923:
2922:External links
2920:
2919:
2918:
2890:
2885:978-4043574063
2884:
2868:
2856:Iwanami Shoten
2835:Ōkubo, Tadashi
2819:Gomi, Tomohide
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2545:Iwanami Shoten
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2123:
2116:
2085:
2076:
2072:The Man'yōshū,
2063:
2054:
2036:
2016:
1997:
1977:
1970:
1942:
1935:
1915:
1903:
1901:, p. 146.
1891:
1879:
1867:
1855:
1843:
1831:
1819:
1807:
1805:, p. 119.
1795:
1783:
1771:
1759:
1755:Hisamatsu 1973
1702:
1698:Hisamatsu 1973
1690:
1686:Hisamatsu 1973
1671:
1642:
1635:
1604:
1593:
1582:
1544:(1): 157–159.
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1330:
1287:More than 150
1281:Main article:
1278:
1275:
1200:
1193:
1174:Ian Hideo Levy
1116:
1113:
1081:capital region
988:
985:
955:Ura no Shimako
891:Main article:
888:
885:
814:
813:
764:
762:
755:
749:
746:
727:Yūkichi Takeda
723:
722:
719:
697:
638:
637:
601:Masayuki Okada
582:
538:
537:
534:
531:
474:
471:
376:and virility (
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33:
26:
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4:
3:
2:
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2797:
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2784:
2780:
2779:
2768:on 2006-05-19
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2515:
2514:
2509:
2508:Keene, Donald
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2472:on 2011-10-05
2468:
2464:
2463:Kasuga Shrine
2460:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2432:
2428:
2427:Kasuga Shrine
2424:
2420:
2414:
2411:
2399:
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2390:
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2324:
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2255:
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2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
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2128:
2124:
2119:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2092:
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2073:
2067:
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2058:
2055:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2020:
2017:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1981:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1953:
1946:
1943:
1938:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1919:
1916:
1913:, p. 89.
1912:
1907:
1904:
1900:
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1883:
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1757:, p. 17.
1756:
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1691:
1688:, p. 16.
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1363:
1360:
1353:
1349:
1346:
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1336:
1335:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1326:Kasuga Shrine
1322:
1317:
1309:
1301:
1295:
1290:
1284:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
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1245:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1229:excavated in
1227:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1162:Ralph Hodgson
1159:
1153:
1150:
1146:One "envoy" (
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854:Taika Reforms
851:
847:
843:
842:Emperor Yōmei
821:
810:
807:
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774:
770:
765:This section
763:
759:
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753:
748:Periodization
747:
745:
733:
728:
720:
715:
710:
706:
702:
698:
693:
688:
687:Tadashi Ōkubo
682:
677:
673:
672:Yoshio Yamada
667:
662:
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647:
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558:", including
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318:Kokin Wakashū
312:
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305:
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296:
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294:bussokusekika
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3227:Asuka period
3145:
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3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
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2985:
2927:
2911:. Retrieved
2902:
2898:
2875:
2871:
2847:
2827:Inaoka, Kōji
2823:Ono, Hiroshi
2791:
2770:. Retrieved
2766:the original
2759:
2735:
2711:
2688:
2662:
2646:
2620:
2609:
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2582:
2575:
2536:
2511:
2499:
2474:. Retrieved
2467:the original
2446:
2435:. Retrieved
2413:
2402:. Retrieved
2392:
2381:. Retrieved
2377:the original
2372:
2363:
2352:. Retrieved
2350:. 2008-10-23
2347:
2338:
2327:. Retrieved
2323:the original
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2019:
2007:. Retrieved
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1155:
1145:
1130:Donald Keene
1118:
1115:Translations
1071:Old Japanese
1068:
990:
923:Donald Keene
896:
817:
802:
793:
778:Please help
766:
724:
639:
612:Torao Suzuki
586:Ueda Akinari
539:
514:
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411:
398:makurakotoba
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210:
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148: 8, by
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3232:Nara period
3032:Major forms
2939:– from the
2488:Works cited
2268:26 February
1956:, cited in
1625:. pp.
1601:Sugano 2006
1395:—poetry in
1368:§ Name
1265:Asuka, Nara
1255:Kōka, Shiga
1019:means "the
935:(poetry in
712: [
690: [
679: [
664: [
653: [
626: [
615: [
604: [
593: [
567: [
520: [
422:Ruijū Karin
380:masuraoburi
198:Nara period
192:(poetry in
69:"Man'yōshū"
3201:Categories
2913:2020-10-24
2772:2006-07-10
2476:2009-08-05
2437:2009-08-05
2404:2008-10-31
2383:2008-10-31
2354:2008-10-31
2329:2008-10-31
2048:2018-12-09
2009:9 December
1911:Keene 1999
1899:Keene 1999
1887:Keene 1999
1875:Keene 1999
1863:Keene 1999
1851:Keene 1999
1839:Keene 1999
1827:Keene 1999
1815:Keene 1999
1803:Keene 1999
1791:Keene 1999
1779:Keene 1999
1767:Keene 1999
1665:2022-05-08
1613:Earl Miner
1590:Manyo 2001
1576:2023-02-26
1518:2023-02-26
1471:2023-02-26
1429:References
1348:Umi Yukaba
1324:opened in
1270:Man'yōgana
1237:Man'yōgana
1168:(UNESCO).
1063:man'yōgana
1016:man'yōgana
1001:man'yōgana
869: 730
838: 479
831: 456
548:koto no ha
300:Yakushi-ji
247:soldiers (
172:pronounced
80:newspapers
3207:Man'yōshū
3126:Man'yōshū
2905:: 67–76.
2851:日本古典文学大辞典
2815:Itō, Haku
2760:Man'yōshū
2510:(1999) .
2202:0021-9118
2156:0073-0548
2102:. BRILL.
1558:0030-851X
1434:Citations
1328:in 1932.
1294:Man'yōshū
1220:Man'yōshū
1189:Man'yōshū
1183:In 2009,
1156:In 1940,
1139:Man'yōshū
1125:Man'yōshū
1076:Man'yōshū
994:Man'yōshū
914:Man'yōshū
900:Man'yōshū
767:does not
509:万 — 葉 — 集
503:Man'yōshū
484:Man'yōshū
415:Man'yōshū
387:Man'yōshū
353:Man'yōshū
340:Confucian
335:Man'yōshū
328:Man'yōshū
214:Man'yōshū
159:Man'yōshū
141:Man'yōshū
3174:Rokkasen
2987:Manyōshū
2977:Archived
2966:Archived
2955:Archived
2932:Archived
2929:Manyōshū
2907:Archived
2876:Manyoshu
2864:11917421
2790:(1993).
2687:(1987).
2667:Kōdansha
2661:(1985).
2651:Kodansha
2643:Kodansha
2619:(1993).
2610:Manyōshū
2604:, Tokyo.
2431:Archived
2373:Mainichi
2348:Mainichi
2262:Archived
2227:. Tokyo.
2042:Archived
2003:Archived
1659:Archived
1570:Archived
1512:Archived
1465:Archived
1338:Kotodama
1332:See also
1128:poetry.
1056:katakana
1048:hiragana
833: –
796:May 2018
348:Buddhist
306:), four
287:an-renga
250:Sakimori
244:Sakimori
183:Japanese
110:May 2018
18:Manyoshu
3119:Kaifūsō
2974:unknown
2781:General
2305:2385379
2210:2055272
2164:2719024
2074:p. iii.
1627:170–171
1566:2758798
1383:Kaifūsō
1289:species
1083:around
1027:of the
981:Paekche
973:Dazaifu
921:, whom
788:removed
773:sources
729:in his
705:empress
701:emperor
560:Sengaku
526:, are:
439:Kokashū
232:Somonka
94:scholar
3140:Kai Ōi
3089:senryū
3047:kanshi
3040:haikai
2882:
2862:
2802:
2746:
2722:
2699:
2673:
2631:
2551:
2524:
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2162:
2154:
2114:
2034:
1995:
1968:
1933:
1633:
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1391:kanshi
1260:mokkan
1250:mokkan
1244:mokkan
1226:mokkan
1214:mokkan
1207:mokkan
1197:Mokkan
1109:Tōhoku
1030:Man'yō
1009:Kojiki
957:; and
932:kanshi
846:Saimei
826:
739:萬葉集新解上
646:Keichū
581:, and;
371:makoto
358:Shintō
344:Taoist
310:kanshi
256:Togoku
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3147:Iroha
3096:tanka
3082:renku
3075:renga
3068:hokku
3061:haiku
2874:[
2541:Tōkyō
2470:(PDF)
2455:(PDF)
2301:JSTOR
2206:JSTOR
2160:JSTOR
1562:JSTOR
1370:below
1354:Notes
1343:Reiwa
1314:is a
1308:万葉植物園
1149:hanka
1105:Kanto
1101:Chūbu
1097:Azuma
1085:Kyoto
1060:) of
964:chōka
950:chōka
887:Poets
850:Tenji
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619:]
608:]
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571:]
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498:kanji
456:kashū
280:tanka
272:chōka
238:Banka
144:poem
101:JSTOR
87:books
3054:waka
2963:1858
2952:1709
2880:ISBN
2860:OCLC
2800:ISBN
2744:ISBN
2720:ISBN
2697:ISBN
2671:ISBN
2629:ISBN
2549:ISBN
2522:ISBN
2459:Nara
2423:Nara
2270:2024
2198:ISSN
2152:ISSN
2112:ISBN
2032:ISBN
2011:2018
1993:ISBN
1966:ISBN
1931:ISBN
1631:ISBN
1554:ISSN
1502:ISBN
1455:ISBN
1366:See
1297:. A
1223:. A
1089:Nara
1087:and
1041:kana
1023:kana
879:and
771:any
769:cite
703:and
685:and
632:and
577:and
555:waka
473:Name
430:類聚歌林
405:kamo
325:The
304:Nara
262:waka
226:Zoka
220:waka
211:The
188:waka
155:The
73:news
2872:万葉集
2843:万葉集
2293:doi
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2104:doi
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447:古歌集
342:or
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