Medway Megaliths - Knowledge

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ancestors both because they were created by Neolithic peoples whom modern Pagans view as their "own spiritual ancestors" and because the sites were once chambered tombs, and thus held the remains of the dead, who themselves may have been perceived as ancestors. On this latter point, it is apparent that Pagan perspectives on these sites are themselves shaped by older archaeological interpretations. Doyle White also observed differences in how this concept of ancestry was understood: among the Heathens, this concept of ancestry was expressly genetic and racial, with the figures being "ancestors of the blood". Conversely, the Druids emphasised "ancestors of the land", with whom they share a spiritual connection rather than a necessarily racial one. The Pagans also cited the Megaliths as spots marking sources of "earth energy", often aligned on

478:, Killick suggested that the Medway Megaliths were oriented to point at either the Downs or the River, noting that five of the monuments point toward at least one of these two geographical features. The views visible from the monuments are not however uniform; had the vicinity been deforested, then Kit's Coty, Little Kit's Coty and Coldrum would have had 360° panoramic views of the landscape, whereas only a third of the local landscape is visible from Addington and Chestnuts Long Barrows. Killick also thought it probably that intervisibility was a factor in locating the monuments, noting that Kit's Coty House, Little Kit's Coty and the Coffin Stone were probably intervisible in the Early Neolithic, as were Addington and Chestnuts Long Barrow, and the White Horse Stones and Smythe's Megalith. 474:

Kit's Coty. They have thus usually been interpreted as collective tombs for the interment of the physical remains of the dead. Ashbee believed that the area surrounding the megaliths might have been a "ritual landscape" that was believed to possess "especial qualities", thus explaining why Early Neolithic people decided to construct the monuments at this location. Killick suggested that the area was chosen because of the visually imposing nature of the local landscape, also suggesting that it might have been chosen because it allowed for intervisibility between the different monuments. Inspired by ideas pioneered elsewhere by the archaeologist

310:"It seems that the role of ancestors in Neolithic society was much more important than in the world of the hunter-gatherer. Clans and forebears began to have symbolic importance to the settled farming communities of the Neolithic. Dead ancestors were celebrated through funerals, feasts and grave goods, and their carefully selected body-parts were housed in specially built monuments, often symbolising 'houses' of the dead ... The tombs provide the earliest and most tangible evidence of Neolithic people and their customs, and are some of the most impressive and aesthetically distinctive constructions of prehistoric Britain." 1194:. In 1823 or 1824, the landowner, George Fowle, found that large sarsens beneath the soil were interfering with ploughing. When he tried removing them, he discovered three upright sarsens, and brought Maidstone historian Clement Taylor Smythe to investigate the site. Smythe's excavation revealed a rectilinear stone chamber, containing the bones of at least two adults and a pot sherd. None of the monument remains visible. From the account, Ashbee noted that the chamber was clearly oriented on an east–west axis like the rest of the Medway Megaliths and that the chamber would have been at the eastern end of a long barrow. 758: 1072: 865:. When the road was widened and deepened in 1827, two of the stones from the revetment curb were removed and deposited in the corner of the wood to the south of the barrow. The site was excavated circa 1845 by a local vicar, the Reverend Lambert Larking, who allegedly found some evidence of ceramics; it has also been asserted, although not proven, that he discovered human bones at the site. When Thomas Wright explored it c.1850, he was aided by a local man who enthusiastically believed that a crock of gold would be buried there, something that 1130: 358:

tribal groups, although others have argued that such markers would be of little use to a nomadic herding society. Instead it has been suggested that they represent markers along herding pathways. Many archaeologists have suggested that the construction of such monuments reflects an attempt to stamp control and ownership over the land, thus representing a change in mindset brought about by Neolithicisation. Others have suggested that these monuments were built on sites already deemed sacred by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers.

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extending westward from the Upper White Horse Stone for about 10 metres. These might represent parts of a chambered tomb, although there is no evidence of a mound, and it is possible that they are actually stones moved from an adjacent field by farmers. About 300m west of the Upper White Horse Stone was a second large upright stone, known as Lower White Horse Stone, but this was destroyed in the 1820s, and its site is probably now under the dual-carriageway.

1053:, visited Kit's Coty in April 1886, noting that it was being damaged by ploughing and graffiti. He ensured that it was categorised as a protected monument in 1885, and that an iron railing be put around the chamber, although not the mound, which would be subject to further damage through ploughing. In 1946, folklorist John H. Evans recorded another local piece of folklore that the megalithic dolmen was constructed by three witches living on 1183: 845:, the monument is approximately 60 metres in length, although its width tapers, from 14 metres at the east to 11 metres at the west. The stone chamber was apparently on the eastern end, although has now collapsed. The monument is now bisected by a road running through the middle of it. The mound of the barrow is currently one metre high, although would initially have been much higher, having succumbed to millennia of weathering. 849: 29: 944: 1209: 892: 1152:, Beal Poste, published an account in which he asserted that a sack full of human bones was found in the vicinity of the Stone during the 1830s. A slightly different account was provided by Edwin Dunkin in 1871; he asserted that a hedge had been removed in 1836, revealing the stone along with two human skulls, several bones, and charcoal, although he did not state the provenance of this account. 626:"The many perspectives of the Medway's stone-built long barrows, from the sixteenth-century to the present day, are conditioned by the nature of the inevitable progress of knowledge. Such successive restatements cannot be other than in terms of the interests and assumptions of their age and, when representations are involved, the subjectivity of vision which is contingent upon understanding." 383: 448:), there are also various idiosyncrasies in the different monuments, such as Coldrum's rectilinear shape, the Chestnut long barrow's facade, and the long, thin mounds at Addington and Kit's Coty. This variation might have been caused by the tomb-shrines being altered and adapted over the course of their use; in this scenario, the monuments would represent composite structures. 877:

previously unknown sarsen was discovered buried on the northern side of the monument. The rabbit burrowing prompted rescue excavations in 2007 and 2010 led by Paul Garwood of the University of Birmingham. This revealed buried sarsens on the north side of the monument, but no dating evidence. The site is situated on privately owned land, although is visible from the road.

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in any form, it has been estimated that it would have been 20 metres long and around 15 metres wide. The chamber would have been 12 ft long, 7 ft wide, and 9 ft high, thus being described by Paul Ashbee as being of "huge and unusual proportions". Inside the chamber had been deposited human bone, cremated bone, flint artefacts, and ceramic sherds.

52: 329:". Individuals were rarely buried alone in the Early Neolithic, instead being interred in collective burials with other members of their community. The construction of these collective burial monumental tombs, both wooden and megalithic, began in continental Europe before being adopted in Britain in the first half of the fourth millennium BCE. 365:, characterised by their narrow passage made of large stones and one or multiple burial chambers covered in earth or stone, were predominantly located in northern Britain and southern and central Ireland. Alternately, across northern Ireland and central Britain long chambered mounds predominated, while in the east and south-east of Britain, 547:. The enclosure consists of two closely spaced concentric ditches, surrounding an oval-shaped area measuring 5 ha. It is thus the largest known causewayed enclosure in Kent and one of the largest known in Britain. Excavation in 2009–10 unearthed dating evidence showing that the enclosure was in use from 956:

on the eastern end of the monument, which consists of three large upright stones, with a fourth capstone on top. Traces of the mound and peristalith were identified in January 1982 during a measured survey by the Kent Archaeological Rescue Unit, in which they showed it to be 70m long, estimating that

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Chestnuts Long Barrow is located around 100 metres north-west of Addington long barrow. The mound itself no longer exists, although the eastern end of the barrow is still marked out by sarsens, some of which have been re-erected to their original positions. Although the earthen mound no longer exists

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There is little evidence for deposition within the tomb-shrines, largely due to the damage that they have sustained. Human bone has been found in the Coldrum Long Barrow, Addington Long Barrow, and the Coffin Stone, burned bone from Chestnuts Long Barrow, and pot sherds from Chestnuts, Addington, and

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It seems apparent that the people who built these monuments were influenced by pre-existing tomb-shrines that they were already aware of. Whether those people had grown up locally, or moved into the Medway area from elsewhere is not known. Based on a stylistic analysis of their architectural designs,

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Between 4500 and 3800 BCE, all of the British Isles came to abandon its former Mesolithic hunter-gatherer lifestyle, to be replaced by the new agricultural subsistence of the Neolithic Age. Throughout most of Britain, there is little evidence of cereal or permanent dwellings from this period, leading

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Analysing Pagan uses of the Megaliths, the scholar of religion Ethan Doyle White argued that these Pagans commonly associated the sites both with a concept of ancestry and of them being a source of "earth energy". He argued that these sites in particular were interpreted as having connections to the

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Such common architectural features among these tomb-shrines indicate a strong regional cohesion with no direct parallels elsewhere in the British Isles. For instance, they would have been taller than most other tomb-shrines in Britain, with internal heights of up to 10 ft. Nevertheless, as with

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Britain was largely forested in this period, although did witness some land clearance. It remains unclear to what extent the Kentish area was deforested in the Early Neolithic, although it appears that widespread forest clearance only took place on the chalklands of south-east Britain much later, in

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period. Archaeologists have been unable to prove whether this adoption of farming was because of a new influx of migrants coming in from continental Europe or because the indigenous Mesolithic Britons came to adopt the agricultural practices of continental societies. Either way, it certainly emerged

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Little Kit's Coty House, also known as Lower Kit's Coty House and the Countless Stones, is located about 3 km north east of the village of Aylesford. It is permanently open to visitors, although the monument is enclosed within iron railings. In its current state, it consists of about 21 stones

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Archaeologist Paul Garwood noted that the chamber's closest parallels come from western Britain. Garwood's team investigated the site from 2009 to 2012, using excavations and geophysical surveys. They revealed that the chamber was not directly connected to the long mound, being offset to the south,

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In the latter 13th century, the Medway Megaliths were systematically damaged, although this was accomplished in different ways. Some of the chambers were completely toppled, while others were left standing. The reasons for this destruction are not entirely clear. Ashbee suggested that it was due to

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thought it likely that it was a "cult-house" on the basis of its isolated nature. Evidence of a smaller, circular building was found to the south-east of the longhouse, although this might have been later in date. Ashbee highlighted that the stone long barrows stylistically emulated the wooden long

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noted that their close clustering in the same area was reminiscent of the megalithic tomb-shrine traditions of continental Northern Europe, and emphasised that the Medway Megaliths were a regional manifestation of a tradition widespread across Early Neolithic Europe. He nevertheless stressed that a

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In 1980, a farmer discovered two large buried stones near the eastern group of chambered long barrows. Excavation by the Kent Archaeological Rescue Unit revealed four further medium-sized stones buried in pits dug into the underlying chalk. The excavators believed that this represented a potential

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to the east, with the distance between the two clusters measuring at between 8 and 10 km. The western group includes Coldrum Long Barrow, Addington Long Barrow, and the Chestnuts Long Barrow. The eastern group consists of Kit's Coty House, Lower Kit's Coty House, the Coffin Stone, and several

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argued that these timber tombs might have been "even more eye-catching" than their stone counterparts, perhaps consisting of "towering carved poles, flamboyantly painted", but that evidence of such sculptures has not survived. The Medway Megaliths represent just one of these regional groups within

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appearing in its place. At the end, the baker tried to count the loaves, but found that he had one more than he had brought with him. As he was about to call out the number of the stones, he then fell dead. In 1976, Grinsell noted that this folkloric belief still survived, as evidenced by numbers

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first visited the site in October 1722, making various drawings and plans of the monument, and would later publish his findings, albeit without reference to either Horsa or Catigern. In 1722, Hercules Ayleway recorded a local belief that the monument had been erected in memorial to two contending

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in 1878. The monument underwent a measured survey in 1981 by a team from the Kent Archaeological Rescue Unit (KARU). KARU continued to monitor the status of the monument, and in 2007 archaeologist Brian Philp noted that rabbit burrowing had compromised the road; as the road was being repaired, a

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in which he reassessed the stones in the context of contemporary thought as to megalithic archaeology in Britain. He noted that sample excavation at each site would be necessary in order to develop a "chronological and structural framework" for the tradition. From October 1998 to March 1999, the

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noted that the tombs would have served as one of a variety of markers in the landscape that conveyed information on "territory, political allegiance, ownership, and ancestors." Many archaeologists have subscribed to the idea that these tomb-shrines served as territorial markers between different

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They remain one of several regionally contained chambered long barrow traditions in Britain, although have certain precise architectural characteristics which mark them out as distinct from other groups. The purpose of these long barrows remains elusive, although some were used as tombs for the

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The Upper White Horse Stone is located inside a narrow strip of woodland east of the A229 dual carriageway, and can be reached via the Pilgrim's Way track. Erected in an upright position, the stone measures 2.90m in length, 1.65m in height, and 60 cm in width. There are nine smaller stones

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of 1776. Stukeley had been informed that many of the stones in the monument had been pulled down in the late 17th century. By the early 19th century, the site was being erroneously associated with the ancient druids, and by the middle of the century was associated with the folkloric tale of the

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The Coffin Stone is a rectangular sarsen measuring about 4.40m by 2.80m, and is at least 50 cm thick. Archaeologists Brian Philp and Mike Dutto thought that this stone marked the chamber of a chambered long-barrow, noting that an outline of a mound could be seen. They highlighted that two

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In 2008 and 2009, a team led by Garwood's team excavated at the site, revealing that the sarsen had only been placed in its current position during the Post-Medieval period (c.1450–1600), and thus was not the fallen orthostat of a chambered tomb as had previously been believed. Garwood

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in 1878, and the first photograph of the site was published in 1893. In 1910, F.J. Bennett undertook an excavation at the site, revealing the bones of 22 individuals, of both sexes and various ages, along with a pot sherd and a flint saw, which had been buried in the north-western part of the

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The name "Coldrum" dates from at least the mid-19th century, and comes from an adjacent farmhouse, Coldrum Lodge, which has since been demolished. From 1842 to 1844, the antiquarian Beale Post authored an unpublished account of the monument in which he stated that skulls had been found in the

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ceramics were also found, dating from the Mid-to-Late Neolithic, suggesting that activity continued at the site over a long period of time (c.3750–2250 BCE). It is not known what the purpose of the longhouse was, or whether it was primarily domestic or ritualistic in function, although

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Antiquarian investigations came to be replaced by archaeological ones in the 19th century. In 1871 E.H.W. Dunkin published a paper titled "On the Megalithic Remains in Mid-Kent" in which he discussed the monuments and included his own plans of their lay-outs. In 1908, George Klint included

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other stones which might have once been parts of chambered tombs. It is not known if they were all built at the same time, or whether they were constructed in succession, while similarly it is not known if they each served the same function or whether there was a hierarchy in their usage.

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Across Western Europe, the Early Neolithic marked the first period in which humans built monumental structures in the landscape. These were tombs that held the physical remains of the dead, and though sometimes constructed out of timber, many were built using large stones, now known as

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wrongly associated the monument with the ancient druids, and it was not until 1863 that Charles Moore Jessop recognised that the stones had once been part of a chambered tomb. The site was excavated in 1957 by John Alexander at the behest of the Ancient Monuments Inspectorate of the

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remains of a select group of individuals. It is also widely believed that they were places where religious rituals were performed. Many archaeologists believe that they reflect the process of Neolithisation of Britain, as hunter-gatherer populations were replaced by pastoralists.

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Folklorist Leslie Grinsell believed that it only adopted the name "Countless Stones" following the monument's pillaging circa 1690. The folktale held that an Aylesford baker attempted to count the stones by placing a loaf on each of the stones, but one loaf disappeared, with

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The Medway long barrows all conformed to the same general design plan, and are all aligned on an east to west axis. Each had a stone chamber at the eastern end of the mound, and they each probably had a stone facade flanking the entrance. The chambers were constructed from

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in this period, there was great regional variation regarding the nature and distribution of settlement, architectural styles, and the use of natural resources. There is archaeological evidence of violence and warfare in Early Neolithic Britain from such sites as

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and a potential Romano-British temple on Blue Bell Hill. Evidence for a settlement dating to the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age has been identified on the western side of the valley by the White Horse Stone, as evidenced by postholes indicating possible

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Although now all in a ruinous state and not retaining their original appearance, at the time of construction the Medway Megaliths would have been some of the largest and most visually imposing Early Neolithic funerary monuments in Britain. Grouped along the

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that venerated the spirits of the dead, believing that they could intercede with the forces of nature for the benefit of their living descendants. It has furthermore been suggested that Early Neolithic people entered into the tombs – which doubled as

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which developed at that point. Ashbee believed that much of the folklore associated with the White Horse Stone was originally associated with the Lower White Horse Stone, only transferring to the Upper counterpart upon the former's destruction.

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The first unequivocal published mention of the Chesnuts Long Barrow was provided by antiquarian Josiah Colebrooke in 1773; he erroneously considered it to be a stone circle, describing it as one of "the temples of the antient Britons". In 1778

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Throughout later prehistory, the landscape around the Medway megaliths continued to be used for ritual and ceremonial purposes, including rich Bronze Age burials, gold deposits in the Late Bronze Age, an Iron Age cemetery with several rich

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The Early Neolithic people of Britain placed far greater emphasis on the ritualised burial of the dead than their Mesolithic forebears had done. Many archaeologists have suggested that this is because Early Neolithic people adhered to an

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instead believed that the same evidence showed an influence from Scandinavia. John H. Evans instead suggested an origin in Germany, and Ronald F. Jessup thought that their origins could be seen in the Cotswold-Severn megalithic group.

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nevertheless suggested that it might have been erected as a monolith during later prehistory, as evidence citing a large hollow in the chalk adjacent to the stone, which he asserted had similarities with the extraction hollows of the

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oversaw a six-year fieldwork program known as the Medway Valley Prehistoric Landscapes Project from 2006 to 2012 in which he mapped the landscape surrounding the megaliths. During 2007–08, archaeologist Sian Killick performed a

566:. The decision by the builders of these Stour Long-Barrows to avoid using stone as a building material was likely deliberate, for sarsens are naturally present in the local area and could have been obtained without too much trouble. 856:

The first published record that commented on the existence of stones at the site was in 1719, although they would only be described as the relics of a prehistoric survival in print in 1779, when it was erroneously described as a

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Kit's Coty House represents the surviving remains of another chambered tomb, and has been described by archaeologist Timothy Champion as "perhaps the best-known monument in Kent". The long mound has eroded away, leaving only a

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track. The tomb is situated on a small ridge facing east, towards the Medway. About 20 metres in length, the width at the western end is about 15 metres, and 19 metres at the eastern end, thus forming a truncated wedge-shape.

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the Late Bronze Age. Environmental data from the area around the White Horse Stone supports the idea that the area was still largely forested in the Early Neolithic, covered by a woodland of oak, ash, hazel/alder and

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It is the best preserved of the Medway Megaliths. Nevertheless, it has suffered much damage, particularly to its eastern side, where the sarsen boulders have broken away from the monument and fallen down the ridge.

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flew the banner of the White Horse, before it was found next to or under the White Horse Stone. Ashbee noted that this folk tale was probably no older than the 17th century, because it made use of the motif of the

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who dedicated it as a memorial to the local historian Benjamin Harrison. In 1946, the folklorist John H. Evans noted that locally, the Coldrum Long Barrows had come to be associated with the folkloric trope of the

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The Medway Megaliths have become heavily damaged and dilapidated since original construction, largely due to an intentional program of destruction in the late 13th century CE. They began to attract the interest of

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The Early Neolithic was a revolutionary period of British history. Beginning in the fifth millennium BCE, it saw a widespread change in lifestyle as the communities living in the British Isles adopted

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Due to its accessibility, Kit's Coty House has attracted continual notice since the 16th century. In the latter part of that century, the stones were discussed in print by three antiquarians:

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Archaeologists have differentiated these Early Neolithic tombs into a variety of different architectural styles, each typically associated with a different region within the British Isles.

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In Britain, these tombs were typically located on prominent hills and slopes overlooking the surrounding landscape, perhaps at the junction between different territories. Archaeologist

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represented the dominant architectural trend. These earthen long barrows were typically constructed of timber because building stone was scarce in southern Britain; archaeologist

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stone and soil between the 4th and 3rd millennia BCE, they represent the only known prehistoric megalithic group in eastern England and the most south-easterly group in Britain.

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terrace, close to the chamber, in 1804 and 1825. The earliest known reference in print to the Coldrum Stones comes from Albert Way 1845, when it was erroneously described as a

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and thus was potentially part of a structure that predated the long mound. They also revealed that the long mound had gone through at least two main phases of construction.

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smaller stones exist nearby, and that another sarsen was also located close by; in 1980, a farmer shifted that latter stone atop the Coffin Stone, where it still resides.

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The Stour long barrows, such as Julliberrie's Grave (pictured left) and Jacket's Field Long Barrow (right) are non-megalithic funerary monuments near the Medway megaliths

3845: 1057:, while the capstone was then raised atop with the aid of a fourth witch. The monument is currently surrounded by iron railings, and is regularly visited by tourists. 490:

in the late 1990s revealed the existence of a Neolithic longhouse close to the White Horse Stone. It was stylistically very similar to longhouses belonging to the

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on the island at this time, although most believe that it was probably a male-dominated society, in keeping with all recorded societies that practice large-scale

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Addington Neoliths - The official website which details background, location and access to both the Addington Longbarrow and The Chestnuts burial chamber.

420:, they are "really quite impressive" when taken collectively, describing them as "the east of England's answer to the megaliths of the Salisbury Plains". 644:. A number of the megaliths were damaged or destroyed during the 19th century, perhaps to be broken up and used as building material by local masons. 905: 253:

through contact with continental Europe, probably as a result of centuries of interaction between Mesolithic people living in south-east Britain and

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The Medway Megaliths are not the only Early Neolithic mound monuments in modern Kent, with another group of long barrows being located around the

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The Coffin Stone is located about 400 metres north-west of Little Kits Coty House, and is also around 250 metres away from the Pilgrims Way.

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in the late 16th century, who developed a number of erroneous theories about their origin, before later being scientifically investigated by

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in the late 19th century. Local folklore has also grown up around the monuments, which came to be interpreted and used as sacred sites by

1705: 282:, with some groups constructing fortifications to defend themselves from attackers. Contemporary archaeologists have no direct proof of 3813: 3632: 3481: 3157: 910: 795: 708: 3741:"Report on the Human Remains Found by F. J. Bennett, Esq., F.G.S., in the Central Chamber of a Megalithic Monument at Coldrum, Kent" 3543:

Wysocki, Michael; Griffiths, Seren; Hedges, Robert; Bayliss, Alex; Higham, Tom; Fernandez-Jalvo, Yolanda; Whittle, Alasdair (2013).

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the Christian Church's renewed attempt to consolidate its control over non-Christian beliefs and practices, in conjunction with the

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and numerous four-post structures, alongside pits that might originally have been used for storage. In the Medieval period, the

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countless stones, thus gaining the actual moniker of "the Countless Stones". In 1887, it became a scheduled ancient monument.

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Three of the Medway Megaliths: Kit's Coty House (left), Little Kit's Coty (above right), and the Coldrum Stones (below right).

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The first published plan of the monument came from E.H.W. Dunkin in 1871, although a more detailed plan was published by

4062: 3958: 3902: 1165: 917:. Much of this material was destroyed during the 1980s by a fire in the museum, preventing the human remains from being 436:, a dense, hard, and durable stone that occurs naturally throughout Kent, having formed out of silicified sand from the 84: 3948: 688: 654:, in which he included early photographs of the structures and identified them as being Neolithic in origin. In 1924, 4038: 823:. The site is open free of charge to the public throughout the year, and can be accessed by foot along Coldrum Lane. 1071: 810:

monument. Further bones were excavated in a 1922 excavation by E.W. Filkins, but these were largely lost during the

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excavators expressed their opinion that it was probably domestic and communal in use. Conversely, the archaeologist

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Other evidence of Neolithic activity has also been identified in the vicinity of the megaliths. Excavation by the

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Mynott, Edna (2007). "The Addington Megalithic Neolithic Tombs 2007: Rabbits Discover Long-Lost Sarsen Stone".

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Doyle White, Ethan (2016). "Old Stones, New Rites: Contemporary Pagan Interactions with the Medway Megaliths".

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The Medway Megaliths: An Illustrated Guide to the Famous Neolithic Chambered Long-Barrows of the Medway Area

650: 563: 275: 143: 1129: 921:. In 1981, a team from the Kent Archaeological Rescue Unit performed a measurement survey of the monument. 4054: 4033: 3897: 559: 334: 254: 1014:

that resulted in it becoming more widely known and developing into a visitor's attraction; for instance,

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Coldrum Long Barrow, also known as the Coldrum Stones and the Coldrum, sits north-east of the village of

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described them as "the most grandiose and impressive structures of their kind in southern England". The

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due to the construction of a house nearby. Human bone and other artefacts discovered were deposited in

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From the late 16th century, the Medway Megaliths began to be discussed in the published literature of

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They can be divided into two separate clusters: one to the west of the River Medway and the other on

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The prehistoric landscape at White Horse Stone, Aylesford, Kent: CTRL integrated site report series

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Evans, John H. (1946). "Notes on the Folklore and Legends Associated with the Kentish Megaliths".

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S.C. Lampreys recorded a piece of local folklore in the early 19th century which held that in the

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Another chambered tomb once existed in a large field east of the A229, which is sometimes termed

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and the Reverend Lambert Larkin excavated at the site, reporting to the Central Committee of the

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Alexander, John (1961). "The Excavation of the Chestnuts Megalithic Tomb at Addington, Kent".

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Edwin Dunkin produced a plan of the site in 1871, with a more accurate plan being created by

3932: 3917: 3781: 3752: 3710: 3655: 3556: 3512: 3399: 3246: 3204: 3118:(Report). Oxford: Oxford Wessex Archaeology Joint Venture (London and Continental Railways). 1098: 1034: 973: 820: 811: 605: 593: 585: 287: 283: 266: 1182: 3823: 3437: 866: 838: 806: 731: 655: 613: 354: 316: 245: 719: 3533: 848: 3500: 1054: 1010: 977: 815: 703:

religions are practiced at the Medway Megaliths, the most publicly visible of which is

453: 424: 279: 225: 177: 28: 3114:

Barclay, Alistair; Fitzpatrick, Andrew P.; Hayden, Chris; Stafford, Elizabeth (2006).

943: 4109: 3722: 3524: 3411: 3368: 3342: 3216: 766: 457: 400: 362: 347: 270: 261:

archaeologists to believe that the Early Neolithic economy on the island was largely

3545:"Dates, Diet and Dismemberment: Evidence from the Coldrum Megalithic Monument, Kent" 1208: 691:

of the tombs in their surrounding landscape, looking at factors of intervisibility.

682:. The excavations were directed by Richard Brown. Archaeologist Paul Garwood of the 3995: 1157: 1124: 1015: 858: 783: 770: 700: 616:, all in the vicinity of the megaliths, was potentially part of this same process. 503: 475: 392: 201: 154: 3785: 3428:

Killick, Sian (2010). "Neolithic Landscape and Experience: The Medway Megaliths".

3250: 3208: 891: 470:

precise place of origin was "impossible to indicate" with the available evidence.

3347: 837:

Addington long barrow is situated about 250 metres north of the parish church in

3912: 3620: 3604: 3145: 3085: 3069: 1094: 1084: 1030: 1022: 842: 841:, and can be accessed via one of two small roads that branch off from the A2. A 799: 715: 704: 641: 632: 512: 466: 461: 412: 404: 396: 370: 262: 241: 221: 188:. To the east of the river, another three chambered tombs have been identified: 126: 3474:

The Creation of Monuments: Neolithic Causewayed Enclosures in the British Isles

798:

that they had discovered sherds of pottery, some of which they suspected to be

604:

of England. He also suggested that the construction of St. Stephen's Church at

399:, they constitute the most south-easterly group of megalithic monuments in the 3963: 3953: 3877: 3714: 3516: 3403: 989: 862: 601: 417: 249: 4091: 4078: 3390:

Jessup, R. F. (1939). "Further Excavations at Julliberrie's Grave, Chilham".

106: 93: 3535:

Wanderings of an Antiquary: Chiefly upon the traces of the Romans in Britain

1149: 1111: 1101:, who noted that it was once a chambered tomb in his posthumously published 993: 981: 727: 495: 296: 209: 996:, describing it as having been erected by ancient Britons to the memory of 416:

website notes that although none of the monuments are on the same scale as

964: 924:

The barrow is located on private land, and is accessible for a small fee.

3503:(1935). "A Note on the Relative Chronology of the English Long Barrows". 3349:

The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles: Their Nature and Legacy

3167:

Champion, Timothy (2007). "Prehistoric Kent". In John H. Williams (ed.).

997: 787: 597: 326: 176:

Three chambered tombs have been identified to the west of the river: the

150: 3561: 3544: 3284:

Garwood, P. (2012). "The Medway Valley Prehistoric Landscapes Project".

3764: 3667: 3258:

Evans, John H. (1949). "A Disciple of the Druids; the Beale Post Mss".

1029:, in which he included an image of the site drawn by classical scholar 1001: 3171:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press and Kent County Council. pp. 67–133. 444:

other regional groupings of Early Neolithic tomb-shrines (such as the

953: 544: 502:

to 4110–3530 cal BCE. In the vicinity, sherds of Clacton-style

437: 433: 350:

termed these monuments "tomb-shrines" to reflect their dual purpose.

343: 339: 200:, although it has also been suggested that two nearby megaliths, the 166: 3756: 3740: 3659: 3643: 3578:

Alexander, John (1959). "Addington: The Chestnuts Megalithic Tomb".

3224:

Dyson, Lis; Shand, G.; Stevens, S. (2000). "Causewayed Enclosures".

1004:. He also noted that the site was associated with the mythical hero 498:

contained sherds of Early Neolithic ceramic Plain Bowls, which were

3772:

Menefee, S.P. (1975). "The 'Countless Stones': A Final Reckoning".

374:

the wider West European tradition of tomb building in this period.

3329:

Holgate, Robin (1982). "The Medway Megaliths and Neolithic Kent".

1212:

Upper White Horse Stone with some of the smaller stones behind it.

1207: 1181: 1128: 1070: 963: 942: 847: 756: 516:

houses, and that this was probably an act of conscious imitation.

381: 674:

excavated the site around the White Horse Stone at the behest of

2339: 2056: 1395: 1383: 158: 3827: 3432:. Vol. 130. Kent Archaeological Society. pp. 339–349. 3297:

Glass, H. (2000). "White Horse Stone - A Neolithic Longhouse".

3116:

The Prehistoric Landscape at White Horse Stone, Aylesford, Kent

658:

provided locations and further information on the sites in his

1097:. It was also investigated and detailed by fellow antiquarian 408: 3101:

Ashbee, Paul (2000). "The Medway's Megalithic Long Barrows".

2389: 2387: 2362: 2360: 1843: 1819: 1730: 1625: 1093:, having been informed of its existence by classical scholar 1000:, a figure whom he presumably knew about through the work of 730:, an idea likely derived ultimately from the publications of 208:, are remnants of former chambered tombs. An Early Neolithic 2907: 2905: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2741: 1087:

noted the existence of Little Kit's Coty in his unpublished

216:

have also been identified in the vicinity of the monuments.

3675:

Dyson, Lis; Garwood, Paul (2007). "Addington Long Barrow".

2892: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2809: 2807: 2678: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2670: 3062:

White Horse Stone, Pilgrim's Way and West of Boardley Farm

2633: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2545: 1673: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1665: 1663: 1661: 648:

information on the megaliths in his Kentish volume of the

3472:

Oswald, Alastair; Dyer, Caroline; Barber, Martyn (2001).

3197:

Material Religion: The Journal of Objects, Art and Belief

2173: 2171: 1873: 1871: 1869: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1751: 3006: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2987: 2985: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2794: 2792: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2695: 2693: 2691: 1688: 1686: 1408: 1406: 1404: 456:

thought that they had originated in the area around the

2602: 2600: 2504: 2502: 2307: 2305: 2256: 2254: 2158: 2156: 2154: 2152: 2150: 2148: 2146: 2144: 1856: 1854: 1852: 1636: 1634: 3088:(1999). "The Medway Megaliths in a European Context". 1355: 1353: 1144:

The monument's existence was noted in Stukeley's 1776

1473: 1471: 1469: 244:

as their primary form of subsistence, abandoning the

3701:

Filkins, E. (1928). "Excavations at Coldrum, Kent".

2079: 2077: 543:

was also found in the vicinity of the megaliths, at

3972: 3859: 678:(URS) in advance of the construction of the nearby 122: 83: 75: 67: 3793:Warman, E. (1969). "The Medway Megalithic Tombs". 3495:(third ed.). Kent: Kent Archaeological Trust. 3346: 3188:The Prehistoric Chamber Tombs of England and Wales 1018:recorded his 1669 visit to the site in his diary. 852:The barrow at Addington, bisected by a small road. 3271:Evans, John H. (1950). "Kentish Megalith Types". 2131: 2135: 1708:. BBC Countryfile. 5 August 2011. Archived from 1186:The field in which Smythe's Megalith was located 3375:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 3286:PAST: The Newsletter of the Prehistoric Society 3072:(1993). "The Medway Megaliths in Perspective". 624: 308: 248:lifestyle that had characterised the preceding 3745:Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 3648:Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 588:track was constructed close to the megaliths. 3839: 3809:Aylesford Parish Council information on sites 3064:(Report). Oxford: Oxford Archaeological Unit. 386:Map of the Medway Megaliths around the River. 153:monuments located in the lower valley of the 8: 3688:Evans, John H. (1948). "Smythe's Megalith". 1148:. In the 1840s, an antiquary and Druid from 1038:kings of Kent, who died in a battle nearby. 988:, published in 1596. Here he compares it to 665:In 1982, Robin Holgate published a paper in 662:, in which he also discussed their origins. 620:Antiquarian and archaeological investigation 21: 3467:. Council for Kentish Archaeology: 205–207. 3353:. Oxford, UK and Cambridge, US: Blackwell. 2429: 2417: 2405: 2393: 2378: 2366: 558:. Here, three monuments are still evident: 257:(LBK) communities in north-eastern France. 3846: 3832: 3824: 3607:(1998). "Coldrum Revisited and Reviewed". 3042: 3026: 2896: 2873: 2759: 2732: 2682: 2563: 2524: 2445: 1677: 20: 3560: 3130:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1021:It attracted the interest of antiquarian 814:. In 1926, the monument was given to the 3819:BBC Kent: The Medway Neolithic megaliths 3312:Folklore of Prehistoric Sites in Britain 3190:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2813: 2637: 2177: 1803: 1763: 1742: 1726: 1613: 1601: 1585: 1316: 890: 51: 3854:Early Neolithic long barrows in Britain 3696:. Kent Archaeological Society: 135–140. 3644:"Coldrum Monument and Exploration 1910" 3586:. Kent Archaeological Society: 191–192. 3337:. Kent Archaeological Society: 221–234. 3266:. Kent Archaeological Society: 130–139. 3109:. Kent Archaeological Society: 319–345. 3096:. Kent Archaeological Society: 269–284. 2661: 2351: 2209: 2162: 2021: 2009: 1997: 1985: 1889: 1877: 1831: 1815: 1787: 1775: 1652: 1640: 1597: 1332: 1257: 3780:(3–4). The Folklore Society: 146–166. 3677:Kent Archaeological Society Newsletter 3549:Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 3505:Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 3080:. Kent Archaeological Society: 57–112. 3038: 3010: 2991: 2976: 2952: 2940: 2923: 2911: 2849: 2837: 2825: 2798: 2783: 2771: 2728: 2716: 2699: 2649: 2618: 2606: 2591: 2575: 2520: 2508: 2493: 2481: 2469: 2441: 2323: 2311: 2296: 2284: 2272: 2260: 2245: 2233: 2205: 2193: 2189: 2119: 2095: 1973: 1961: 1949: 1937: 1925: 1901: 1860: 1799: 1722: 1692: 1561: 1549: 1537: 1525: 1513: 1501: 1489: 1460: 1444: 1440: 1428: 1424: 1412: 1371: 1359: 1344: 1320: 1304: 1292: 1280: 1276: 1264: 16:Group of long barrows in Kent, England 3279:. Kent Archaeological Society: 63–81. 3152:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 3128:The Prehistory of Britain and Ireland 2964: 2861: 2587: 2536: 2457: 2107: 2068: 2052: 2033: 1913: 1043:Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882 869:deemed to be part of local folklore. 7: 3615:. Kent Archaeological Society: 1–44. 3599:. Kent Archaeological Society: 1–57. 3511:. The Prehistoric Society: 115–126. 3022: 2335: 2221: 2083: 2048: 1573: 1477: 1456: 3642:Bennett, F.J. (January–June 1913). 3444:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Tempus. 3491:Philp, Brian; Dutto, Mike (2005). 3245:(1). The Folklore Society: 36–43. 1041:Following the introduction of the 796:British Archaeological Association 660:Ordnance Survey Professional Paper 269:was shared throughout most of the 14: 3730:Hayden, C.; Stafford, E. (2006). 3169:The Archaeology of Kent to AD 800 3538:. London: J.B. Nichols and Sons. 523: 50: 43: 27: 4151:Megalithic monuments in England 3739:Keith, A. (January–June 1913). 3314:. London: David & Charles. 3292:. The Prehistoric Society: 1–3. 2132:Dyson, Shand & Stevens 2000 1133:The Coffin Stone, in a vineyard 612:, and St. Margaret's Church at 315:Archaeologist and prehistorian 3683:. Kent Archaeological Society. 2136:Oswald, Dyer & Barber 2001 1047:Inspector of Ancient Monuments 769:and about 500 metres from the 1: 4121:Barrows in the United Kingdom 3786:10.1080/0015587x.1975.9716017 3555:. Prehistoric Society: 1–30. 3442:Neolithic Britain and Ireland 3251:10.1080/0015587x.1946.9717805 3209:10.1080/17432200.2016.1192152 74: 4116:Archaeological sites in Kent 4063:Preston Candover Long Barrow 3959:Thickthorn Down Long Barrows 3903:Stoney Littleton Long Barrow 3476:. London: English Heritage. 3423:. London: Thames and Hudson. 3310:Grinsell, Leslie V. (1976). 1166:Stonehenge Riverside Project 1025:, who wrote about it in his 695:Religious and folk practices 232:in the latter 20th century. 4136:Tourist attractions in Kent 3949:The Grey Mare and her Colts 596:that was supported by both 304:The tomb building tradition 4167: 4029:Jacket's Field Long Barrow 3795:The Archaeological Journal 3461:Kent Archaeological Review 3419:Jessup, Ronald F. (1970). 1201: 1175: 1122: 1115:chalked on to the stones. 1064: 1060: 936: 932: 884: 830: 750: 672:Oxford Archaeological Unit 608:, St. Michael's Church at 488:Oxford Archaeological Unit 3715:10.1017/s0003581500092970 3625:Kent in Prehistoric Times 3517:10.1017/S0079497X00022246 3404:10.1017/s0003581500007812 3186:Daniel, Glynn E. (1950). 165:. Constructed from local 38: 26: 4039:Shrub's Wood Long Barrow 1706:"Medway Megaliths, Kent" 1171: 684:University of Birmingham 680:Channel Tunnel Rail Link 564:unchambered long barrows 4131:Stone Age sites in Kent 4047:Badshot Lea Long Barrow 4011:Little Kit's Coty House 3928:West Kennet Long Barrow 3703:The Antiquaries Journal 3532:Wright, Thomas (1854). 3392:The Antiquaries Journal 3041:, p. 86–87; 1243:chambered long barrow. 1075:Little Kit's Coty House 1067:Little Kit's Coty House 1061:Little Kit's Coty House 689:phenomenological survey 651:Victoria County History 395:as it cuts through the 276:West Kennet Long Barrow 194:Little Kit's Coty House 138:, sometimes termed the 4055:Long Burgh Long Barrow 3898:Nympsfield Long Barrow 3043:Philp & Dutto 2005 3027:Philp & Dutto 2005 2897:Philp & Dutto 2005 2874:Philp & Dutto 2005 2786:, p. 67–68. 2760:Philp & Dutto 2005 2733:Philp & Dutto 2005 2683:Philp & Dutto 2005 2564:Philp & Dutto 2005 2525:Philp & Dutto 2005 2446:Philp & Dutto 2005 1678:Philp & Dutto 2005 1213: 1198:The White Horse Stones 1187: 1164:discovered during the 1134: 1076: 969: 957:it was about 1m high. 948: 896: 853: 762: 676:Union Railways (South) 628: 387: 312: 255:Linear Pottery culture 147:chambered long barrows 4146:Causewayed enclosures 3991:Chestnuts Long Barrow 3986:Addington Long Barrow 3868:Cotswold-Severn Group 3690:Archaeologia Cantiana 3609:Archaeologia Cantiana 3593:Archaeologia Cantiana 3580:Archaeologia Cantiana 3430:Archaeologia Cantiana 3331:Archaeologia Cantiana 3273:Archaeologia Cantiana 3260:Archaeologia Cantiana 3103:Archaeologia Cantiana 3090:Archaeologia Cantiana 3074:Archaeologia Cantiana 2496:, pp. 68, 96–97. 1211: 1185: 1132: 1074: 986:Perambulation of Kent 967: 946: 894: 887:Chestnuts long barrow 881:Chestnuts Long Barrow 851: 833:Addington long barrow 827:Addington Long Barrow 760: 667:Archaeologia Cantiana 446:Cotswold-Severn group 385: 186:Chestnuts Long Barrow 182:Addington Long Barrow 4141:Borough of Maidstone 3893:Notgrove Long Barrow 1790:, pp. 223, 225. 1443:, pp. 103–104; 1238:Other possible tombs 1146:Itinerarium Curiosum 1103:Itinerarium Curiosum 1090:Monumenta Britannica 1051:Augustus Pitt Rivers 1027:Monumenta Britannica 895:Chesnuts Long Barrow 874:Augustus Pitt-Rivers 792:John Mitchell Kemble 541:causewayed enclosure 367:earthen long barrows 214:causewayed enclosure 59:Location within Kent 4088: / 4034:Julliberrie's Grave 4001:Coldrum Long Barrow 3888:Lugbury Long Barrow 3883:Parc Cwm long cairn 3562:10.1017/ppr.2013.10 3299:Current Archaeology 3226:Current Archaeology 2652:, pp. 205–206. 2432:, pp. 356–357. 2420:, pp. 355–356. 2408:, pp. 354–355. 2340:Barclay et al. 2006 2057:Barclay et al. 2006 2036:, pp. 450–453. 1988:, pp. 348–349. 1844:Wysocki et al. 2013 1820:Wysocki et al. 2013 1731:Wysocki et al. 2013 1712:on 14 January 2014. 1626:Wysocki et al. 2013 1504:, pp. 106–107. 1396:Barclay et al. 2006 1384:Barclay et al. 2006 1231:White Horse of Kent 1222:Battle of Aylesford 761:Coldrum Long Barrow 753:Coldrum Long Barrow 747:Coldrum Long Barrow 560:Julliberrie's Grave 539:An Early Neolithic 506:and Mortlake-style 230:contemporary Pagans 103: / 23: 4060:Hampshire Barrows: 3933:Whispering Knights 3627:. Stroud: Tempus. 3421:South-East England 2955:, pp. 68, 82. 2914:, pp. 68, 79. 2852:, pp. 76, 78. 2731:, pp. 94–95; 2472:, pp. 68, 96. 2342:, pp. ix, xv. 1725:, pp. 60–61; 1319:, pp. 73–74; 1214: 1188: 1135: 1080:of various sizes. 1077: 970: 949: 928:The eastern stones 897: 854: 763: 742:The western stones 551:3700 to 3400 BCE. 388: 163:South-East England 4071: 4070: 4021:White Horse Stone 4016:Smythe's Megalith 3938:Dartmoor Barrows: 3797:. cxxvi: 239–242. 3360:978-0-631-17288-8 3150:Rites of the Gods 3137:978-0-521-61270-8 2926:, pp. 79–80. 2864:, pp. 41–42. 2828:, pp. 71–72. 2326:, pp. 68–69. 2299:, pp. 66–67. 2236:, pp. 64–65. 2138:, pp. 96–97. 1964:, pp. 59–60. 1745:, pp. 76–77. 1576:, pp. 61–62. 1564:, pp. 39–40. 1528:, pp. 42–43. 1398:, pp. 25–26. 1347:, pp. 18–19. 1335:, pp. 29–30. 1283:, pp. 34–35. 1226:Hengist and Horsa 1204:White Horse Stone 1192:Smythe's Megalith 1178:Smythe's Megalith 1172:Smythe's Megalith 919:radiocarbon dated 911:Ministry of Works 508:Peterborough ware 500:radiocarbon dated 492:linearbandkeramic 206:White Horse Stone 198:Smythe's Megalith 142:, are a group of 140:Kentish Megaliths 132: 131: 4158: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4099: 4098: 4093: 4092:51.317°N 0.500°E 4089: 4086: 4085: 4084: 4081: 4006:Kit's Coty House 3981:Medway Megaliths 3923:Wayland's Smithy 3918:Uley Long Barrow 3848: 3841: 3834: 3825: 3798: 3789: 3768: 3735: 3726: 3697: 3684: 3671: 3638: 3616: 3600: 3587: 3566: 3564: 3539: 3528: 3496: 3487: 3468: 3455: 3438:Malone, Caroline 3433: 3424: 3415: 3386: 3382:978-0-300-197716 3364: 3352: 3338: 3325: 3306: 3293: 3280: 3267: 3254: 3233: 3220: 3191: 3182: 3163: 3141: 3124:Bradley, Richard 3119: 3110: 3097: 3081: 3065: 3046: 3036: 3030: 3020: 3014: 3008: 2995: 2989: 2980: 2974: 2968: 2962: 2956: 2950: 2944: 2938: 2927: 2921: 2915: 2909: 2900: 2894: 2877: 2871: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2847: 2841: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2817: 2811: 2802: 2796: 2787: 2781: 2775: 2769: 2763: 2757: 2736: 2726: 2720: 2714: 2703: 2697: 2686: 2680: 2665: 2659: 2653: 2647: 2641: 2635: 2622: 2616: 2610: 2604: 2595: 2585: 2579: 2573: 2567: 2561: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2518: 2512: 2506: 2497: 2491: 2485: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2461: 2455: 2449: 2439: 2433: 2430:Doyle White 2016 2427: 2421: 2418:Doyle White 2016 2415: 2409: 2406:Doyle White 2016 2403: 2397: 2394:Doyle White 2016 2391: 2382: 2379:Doyle White 2016 2376: 2370: 2367:Doyle White 2016 2364: 2355: 2349: 2343: 2333: 2327: 2321: 2315: 2309: 2300: 2294: 2288: 2282: 2276: 2270: 2264: 2258: 2249: 2243: 2237: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2213: 2203: 2197: 2187: 2181: 2175: 2166: 2160: 2139: 2129: 2123: 2117: 2111: 2105: 2099: 2093: 2087: 2081: 2072: 2066: 2060: 2046: 2037: 2031: 2025: 2019: 2013: 2007: 2001: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1977: 1971: 1965: 1959: 1953: 1947: 1941: 1935: 1929: 1923: 1917: 1911: 1905: 1899: 1893: 1887: 1881: 1875: 1864: 1858: 1847: 1841: 1835: 1829: 1823: 1813: 1807: 1797: 1791: 1785: 1779: 1773: 1767: 1761: 1746: 1740: 1734: 1720: 1714: 1713: 1702: 1696: 1690: 1681: 1675: 1656: 1650: 1644: 1638: 1629: 1623: 1617: 1611: 1605: 1595: 1589: 1583: 1577: 1571: 1565: 1559: 1553: 1547: 1541: 1535: 1529: 1523: 1517: 1511: 1505: 1499: 1493: 1487: 1481: 1475: 1464: 1454: 1448: 1438: 1432: 1422: 1416: 1410: 1399: 1393: 1387: 1381: 1375: 1369: 1363: 1357: 1348: 1342: 1336: 1330: 1324: 1314: 1308: 1302: 1296: 1290: 1284: 1274: 1268: 1262: 1099:William Stukeley 1083:The antiquarian 1035:William Stukeley 974:William Lambarde 968:Kit's Coty House 947:Kit's Coty House 939:Kit's Coty House 933:Kit's Coty House 915:Maidstone Museum 861:and compared to 821:countless stones 812:Second World War 734:proponents like 711:groups like the 636: 594:Northern Crusade 527: 482:Related activity 320: 288:animal husbandry 284:gender relations 267:material culture 190:Kit's Coty House 136:Medway Megaliths 118: 117: 115: 114: 113: 108: 104: 101: 100: 99: 96: 54: 53: 47: 31: 24: 22:Medway Megaliths 4166: 4165: 4161: 4160: 4159: 4157: 4156: 4155: 4126:History of Kent 4106: 4105: 4096: 4094: 4090: 4087: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4074: 4072: 4067: 4052:Sussex Barrows: 4044:Surrey Barrows: 3968: 3946:Dorset Barrows: 3941:Spinsters' Rock 3855: 3852: 3805: 3792: 3771: 3757:10.2307/2843161 3738: 3729: 3700: 3687: 3674: 3660:10.2307/2843160 3641: 3635: 3619: 3603: 3590: 3577: 3574: 3572:Further reading 3569: 3542: 3531: 3501:Piggott, Stuart 3499: 3490: 3484: 3471: 3458: 3452: 3436: 3427: 3418: 3389: 3383: 3367: 3361: 3341: 3328: 3322: 3309: 3296: 3283: 3270: 3257: 3236: 3223: 3194: 3185: 3179: 3166: 3160: 3144: 3138: 3122: 3113: 3100: 3084: 3068: 3059: 3055: 3050: 3049: 3037: 3033: 3021: 3017: 3009: 2998: 2990: 2983: 2975: 2971: 2963: 2959: 2951: 2947: 2939: 2930: 2922: 2918: 2910: 2903: 2895: 2880: 2872: 2868: 2860: 2856: 2848: 2844: 2836: 2832: 2824: 2820: 2812: 2805: 2797: 2790: 2782: 2778: 2770: 2766: 2758: 2739: 2727: 2723: 2715: 2706: 2698: 2689: 2681: 2668: 2664:, pp. 1–2. 2660: 2656: 2648: 2644: 2636: 2625: 2617: 2613: 2605: 2598: 2590:, p. 136; 2586: 2582: 2574: 2570: 2562: 2543: 2535: 2531: 2519: 2515: 2507: 2500: 2492: 2488: 2480: 2476: 2468: 2464: 2456: 2452: 2440: 2436: 2428: 2424: 2416: 2412: 2404: 2400: 2392: 2385: 2377: 2373: 2365: 2358: 2350: 2346: 2334: 2330: 2322: 2318: 2310: 2303: 2295: 2291: 2283: 2279: 2271: 2267: 2259: 2252: 2244: 2240: 2232: 2228: 2220: 2216: 2204: 2200: 2192:, p. 261; 2188: 2184: 2176: 2169: 2161: 2142: 2134:, p. 472; 2130: 2126: 2118: 2114: 2106: 2102: 2094: 2090: 2082: 2075: 2067: 2063: 2055:, p. 452; 2047: 2040: 2032: 2028: 2020: 2016: 2008: 2004: 1996: 1992: 1984: 1980: 1972: 1968: 1960: 1956: 1948: 1944: 1936: 1932: 1924: 1920: 1912: 1908: 1900: 1896: 1888: 1884: 1876: 1867: 1859: 1850: 1842: 1838: 1830: 1826: 1818:, p. 225; 1814: 1810: 1798: 1794: 1786: 1782: 1774: 1770: 1762: 1749: 1741: 1737: 1721: 1717: 1704: 1703: 1699: 1691: 1684: 1676: 1659: 1651: 1647: 1639: 1632: 1624: 1620: 1612: 1608: 1600:, p. 225; 1596: 1592: 1584: 1580: 1572: 1568: 1560: 1556: 1548: 1544: 1536: 1532: 1524: 1520: 1512: 1508: 1500: 1496: 1488: 1484: 1476: 1467: 1455: 1451: 1439: 1435: 1423: 1419: 1411: 1402: 1394: 1390: 1382: 1378: 1370: 1366: 1358: 1351: 1343: 1339: 1331: 1327: 1315: 1311: 1303: 1299: 1291: 1287: 1275: 1271: 1263: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1240: 1206: 1200: 1180: 1174: 1127: 1121: 1069: 1063: 941: 935: 930: 889: 883: 867:Leslie Grinsell 835: 829: 807:Flinders Petrie 755: 749: 744: 732:Earth Mysteries 697: 656:O.G.S. Crawford 638: 630: 622: 572: 537: 536: 535: 534: 530: 529: 528: 484: 380: 355:Caroline Malone 322: 317:Caroline Malone 314: 306: 246:hunter-gatherer 238: 144:Early Neolithic 111: 109: 105: 102: 97: 94: 92: 90: 89: 71:Early Neolithic 63: 62: 61: 60: 57: 56: 55: 34: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4164: 4162: 4154: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4108: 4107: 4069: 4068: 4066: 4065: 4057: 4049: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4026:Stour Barrows: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3976: 3974: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3943: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3873:Arthur's Stone 3863: 3861: 3857: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3850: 3843: 3836: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3804: 3803:External links 3801: 3800: 3799: 3790: 3769: 3736: 3727: 3698: 3685: 3672: 3639: 3634:978-0752431369 3633: 3617: 3601: 3588: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3567: 3540: 3529: 3497: 3488: 3483:978-1873592427 3482: 3469: 3456: 3450: 3434: 3425: 3416: 3398:(3): 260–281. 3387: 3381: 3369:Hutton, Ronald 3365: 3359: 3343:Hutton, Ronald 3339: 3326: 3320: 3307: 3294: 3281: 3268: 3255: 3234: 3221: 3203:(3): 346–372. 3192: 3183: 3177: 3164: 3159:978-0460043137 3158: 3142: 3136: 3120: 3111: 3098: 3082: 3066: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3047: 3031: 3015: 2996: 2981: 2969: 2967:, p. 135. 2957: 2945: 2928: 2916: 2901: 2878: 2866: 2854: 2842: 2830: 2818: 2816:, p. 124. 2803: 2788: 2776: 2764: 2737: 2721: 2704: 2687: 2666: 2654: 2642: 2640:, p. 123. 2623: 2621:, p. 181. 2611: 2596: 2580: 2568: 2541: 2529: 2523:, p. 99; 2513: 2498: 2486: 2474: 2462: 2460:, p. 137. 2450: 2444:, p. 96; 2434: 2422: 2410: 2398: 2396:, p. 354. 2383: 2381:, p. 352. 2371: 2369:, p. 351. 2356: 2354:, p. 340. 2344: 2328: 2316: 2301: 2289: 2277: 2275:, p. 100. 2265: 2250: 2238: 2226: 2214: 2212:, p. 340. 2198: 2196:, p. 325. 2182: 2167: 2140: 2124: 2122:, p. 270. 2112: 2110:, p. 451. 2100: 2098:, p. 321. 2088: 2073: 2071:, p. 452. 2061: 2038: 2026: 2024:, p. 347. 2014: 2012:, p. 343. 2002: 2000:, p. 346. 1990: 1978: 1966: 1954: 1942: 1940:, p. 271. 1930: 1928:, p. 111. 1918: 1906: 1904:, p. 161. 1894: 1892:, p. 122. 1882: 1880:, p. 227. 1865: 1848: 1836: 1834:, p. 339. 1824: 1808: 1802:, p. 58; 1792: 1780: 1778:, p. 223. 1768: 1747: 1735: 1729:, p. 78; 1715: 1697: 1695:, p. 269. 1682: 1657: 1655:, p. 221. 1645: 1630: 1618: 1606: 1590: 1578: 1566: 1554: 1542: 1530: 1518: 1516:, p. 107. 1506: 1494: 1482: 1465: 1463:, p. 103. 1459:, p. 61; 1449: 1433: 1427:, p. 19; 1417: 1415:, p. 103. 1400: 1388: 1376: 1364: 1349: 1337: 1325: 1309: 1297: 1295:, p. 272. 1285: 1279:, p. 16; 1269: 1256: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1239: 1236: 1202:Main article: 1199: 1196: 1176:Main article: 1173: 1170: 1123:Main article: 1120: 1117: 1065:Main article: 1062: 1059: 1055:Blue Bell Hill 978:William Camden 937:Main article: 934: 931: 929: 926: 885:Main article: 882: 879: 831:Main article: 828: 825: 816:National Trust 751:Main article: 748: 745: 743: 740: 696: 693: 631:Archaeologist 623: 621: 618: 577:bucket burials 571: 568: 532: 531: 522: 521: 520: 519: 518: 483: 480: 454:Stuart Piggott 425:Blue Bell Hill 379: 376: 363:Passage graves 307: 305: 302: 280:Hambledon Hill 237: 234: 226:archaeologists 178:Coldrum Stones 130: 129: 124: 120: 119: 87: 81: 80: 77: 73: 72: 69: 65: 64: 58: 49: 48: 42: 41: 40: 39: 36: 35: 32: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4163: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4113: 4111: 4104: 4101: 4097:51.317; 0.500 4064: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3978: 3977: 3975: 3971: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3865: 3864: 3862: 3858: 3849: 3844: 3842: 3837: 3835: 3830: 3829: 3826: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3796: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3737: 3733: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3563: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3541: 3537: 3536: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3489: 3485: 3479: 3475: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3457: 3453: 3451:0-7524-1442-9 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3426: 3422: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3378: 3374: 3373:Pagan Britain 3370: 3366: 3362: 3356: 3351: 3350: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3327: 3323: 3321:0-7153-7241-6 3317: 3313: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3193: 3189: 3184: 3180: 3178:9780851155807 3174: 3170: 3165: 3161: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3060:Anon (1999). 3058: 3057: 3052: 3045:, p. 11. 3044: 3040: 3035: 3032: 3029:, p. 11. 3028: 3025:, p. 2; 3024: 3019: 3016: 3013:, p. 86. 3012: 3007: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2997: 2994:, p. 84. 2993: 2988: 2986: 2982: 2979:, p. 83. 2978: 2973: 2970: 2966: 2961: 2958: 2954: 2949: 2946: 2943:, p. 81. 2942: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2920: 2917: 2913: 2908: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2887: 2885: 2883: 2879: 2876:, p. 10. 2875: 2870: 2867: 2863: 2858: 2855: 2851: 2846: 2843: 2840:, p. 72. 2839: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2822: 2819: 2815: 2814:Grinsell 1976 2810: 2808: 2804: 2801:, p. 70. 2800: 2795: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2780: 2777: 2774:, p. 61. 2773: 2768: 2765: 2762:, p. 11. 2761: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2725: 2722: 2719:, p. 93. 2718: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2705: 2702:, p. 95. 2701: 2696: 2694: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2679: 2677: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2658: 2655: 2651: 2646: 2643: 2639: 2638:Grinsell 1976 2634: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2615: 2612: 2609:, p. 91. 2608: 2603: 2601: 2597: 2594:, p. 91. 2593: 2589: 2584: 2581: 2578:, p. 89. 2577: 2572: 2569: 2565: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2542: 2539:, p. 39. 2538: 2533: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2517: 2514: 2511:, p. 98. 2510: 2505: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2490: 2487: 2484:, p. 96. 2483: 2478: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2454: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2438: 2435: 2431: 2426: 2423: 2419: 2414: 2411: 2407: 2402: 2399: 2395: 2390: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2375: 2372: 2368: 2363: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2348: 2345: 2341: 2338:, p. 1; 2337: 2332: 2329: 2325: 2320: 2317: 2314:, p. 68. 2313: 2308: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2293: 2290: 2287:, p. 66. 2286: 2281: 2278: 2274: 2269: 2266: 2263:, p. 65. 2262: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2248:, p. 64. 2247: 2242: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2202: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2186: 2183: 2180:, p. 79. 2179: 2178:Champion 2007 2174: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2159: 2157: 2155: 2153: 2151: 2149: 2147: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2128: 2125: 2121: 2116: 2113: 2109: 2104: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2089: 2085: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2065: 2062: 2059:, p. ix. 2058: 2054: 2051:, p. 4; 2050: 2045: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2027: 2023: 2018: 2015: 2011: 2006: 2003: 1999: 1994: 1991: 1987: 1982: 1979: 1976:, p. 62. 1975: 1970: 1967: 1963: 1958: 1955: 1952:, p. 57. 1951: 1946: 1943: 1939: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1922: 1919: 1915: 1910: 1907: 1903: 1898: 1895: 1891: 1886: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1866: 1863:, p. 60. 1862: 1857: 1855: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1840: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1812: 1809: 1806:, p. 78. 1805: 1804:Champion 2007 1801: 1796: 1793: 1789: 1784: 1781: 1777: 1772: 1769: 1766:, p. 78. 1765: 1764:Champion 2007 1760: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1743:Champion 2007 1739: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1727:Champion 2007 1724: 1719: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1701: 1698: 1694: 1689: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1674: 1672: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1649: 1646: 1642: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1622: 1619: 1616:, p. 76. 1615: 1614:Champion 2007 1610: 1607: 1604:, p. 78. 1603: 1602:Champion 2007 1599: 1594: 1591: 1588:, p. 80. 1587: 1586:Champion 2007 1582: 1579: 1575: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1558: 1555: 1552:, p. 39. 1551: 1546: 1543: 1540:, p. 43. 1539: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1507: 1503: 1498: 1495: 1492:, p. 41. 1491: 1486: 1483: 1480:, p. 61. 1479: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1453: 1450: 1447:, p. 41. 1446: 1442: 1437: 1434: 1431:, p. 37. 1430: 1426: 1421: 1418: 1414: 1409: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1392: 1389: 1386:, p. 20. 1385: 1380: 1377: 1374:, p. 37. 1373: 1368: 1365: 1362:, p. 19. 1361: 1356: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1338: 1334: 1329: 1326: 1323:, p. 33. 1322: 1318: 1317:Champion 2007 1313: 1310: 1307:, p. 17. 1306: 1301: 1298: 1294: 1289: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1273: 1270: 1267:, p. 16. 1266: 1261: 1258: 1251: 1246: 1244: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1227: 1223: 1218: 1210: 1205: 1197: 1195: 1193: 1184: 1179: 1169: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1142: 1138: 1131: 1126: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1107: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1073: 1068: 1058: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1039: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1017: 1013: 1012: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 966: 962: 958: 955: 945: 940: 927: 925: 922: 920: 916: 912: 907: 901: 893: 888: 880: 878: 875: 870: 868: 864: 860: 850: 846: 844: 840: 834: 826: 824: 822: 817: 813: 808: 803: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 779: 775: 772: 768: 767:Trottiscliffe 759: 754: 746: 741: 739: 737: 733: 729: 723: 721: 717: 714: 710: 706: 702: 694: 692: 690: 685: 681: 677: 673: 668: 663: 661: 657: 653: 652: 645: 643: 637: 634: 627: 619: 617: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 589: 587: 586:Pilgrim's Way 583: 578: 570:Later history 569: 567: 565: 561: 557: 552: 550: 546: 542: 526: 517: 514: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 481: 479: 477: 471: 468: 463: 459: 458:Low Countries 455: 449: 447: 441: 439: 435: 429: 426: 421: 419: 415: 414: 410: 406: 402: 401:British Isles 398: 394: 384: 377: 375: 372: 368: 364: 359: 356: 351: 349: 348:Ronald Hutton 345: 341: 336: 335:ancestor cult 330: 328: 321: 318: 311: 303: 301: 299: 298: 291: 289: 285: 281: 277: 272: 271:British Isles 268: 264: 258: 256: 251: 247: 243: 235: 233: 231: 227: 223: 217: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 174: 170: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 145: 141: 137: 128: 125: 121: 116: 107:51.3°N 0.48°E 88: 86: 82: 79:Northern Kent 78: 70: 66: 46: 37: 30: 25: 19: 4073: 4059: 4051: 4043: 4025: 3996:Coffin Stone 3980: 3979: 3945: 3937: 3866: 3794: 3777: 3773: 3748: 3744: 3706: 3702: 3693: 3689: 3680: 3676: 3651: 3647: 3624: 3621:Ashbee, Paul 3612: 3608: 3605:Ashbee, Paul 3596: 3592: 3583: 3579: 3552: 3548: 3534: 3508: 3504: 3492: 3473: 3464: 3460: 3441: 3429: 3420: 3395: 3391: 3372: 3348: 3334: 3330: 3311: 3302: 3298: 3289: 3285: 3276: 3272: 3263: 3259: 3242: 3238: 3229: 3225: 3200: 3196: 3187: 3168: 3149: 3146:Burl, Aubrey 3127: 3106: 3102: 3093: 3089: 3086:Ashbee, Paul 3077: 3073: 3070:Ashbee, Paul 3034: 3018: 2972: 2960: 2948: 2919: 2899:, p. 6. 2869: 2857: 2845: 2833: 2821: 2779: 2767: 2735:, p. 4. 2724: 2685:, p. 4. 2662:Garwood 2012 2657: 2645: 2614: 2583: 2571: 2566:, p. 3. 2532: 2527:, p. 1. 2516: 2489: 2477: 2465: 2453: 2448:, p. 1. 2437: 2425: 2413: 2401: 2374: 2352:Killick 2010 2347: 2331: 2319: 2292: 2280: 2268: 2241: 2229: 2224:, p. 5. 2217: 2210:Killick 2010 2201: 2185: 2165:, p. 2. 2163:Garwood 2012 2127: 2115: 2103: 2091: 2086:, p. 4. 2064: 2029: 2022:Killick 2010 2017: 2010:Killick 2010 2005: 1998:Killick 2010 1993: 1986:Killick 2010 1981: 1969: 1957: 1945: 1933: 1921: 1909: 1897: 1890:Piggott 1935 1885: 1878:Holgate 1982 1846:, p. 3. 1839: 1832:Killick 2010 1827: 1822:, p. 3. 1816:Holgate 1982 1811: 1795: 1788:Holgate 1982 1783: 1776:Holgate 1982 1771: 1738: 1733:, p. 1. 1718: 1710:the original 1700: 1680:, p. 1. 1653:Holgate 1982 1648: 1643:, p. 1. 1641:Garwood 2012 1628:, p. 1. 1621: 1609: 1598:Holgate 1982 1593: 1581: 1569: 1557: 1545: 1533: 1521: 1509: 1497: 1485: 1452: 1436: 1420: 1391: 1379: 1367: 1340: 1333:Bradley 2007 1328: 1312: 1300: 1288: 1272: 1260: 1241: 1219: 1215: 1189: 1158:Cuckoo Stone 1154: 1145: 1143: 1139: 1136: 1125:Coffin Stone 1119:Coffin Stone 1108: 1102: 1088: 1082: 1078: 1045:, the first 1040: 1026: 1020: 1016:Samuel Pepys 1009: 985: 971: 959: 950: 923: 902: 898: 871: 859:stone circle 855: 836: 804: 790:. In 1856, 784:stone circle 780: 776: 771:Pilgrims Way 764: 736:John Michell 724: 720:Woden's Folk 713:neo-völkisch 701:modern Pagan 698: 666: 664: 659: 649: 646: 642:antiquarians 639: 629: 625: 590: 573: 556:Stour valley 553: 548: 538: 504:Grooved Ware 485: 476:Chris Tilley 472: 450: 442: 430: 422: 411: 393:River Medway 389: 360: 352: 331: 323: 313: 309: 295: 292: 259: 239: 222:antiquarians 218: 202:Coffin Stone 175: 171: 155:River Medway 139: 135: 133: 18: 4095: / 3913:Tinkinswood 3709:: 356–357. 3039:Ashbee 1993 3011:Ashbee 1993 2992:Ashbee 1993 2977:Ashbee 1993 2953:Ashbee 1993 2941:Ashbee 1993 2924:Ashbee 1993 2912:Ashbee 1993 2850:Ashbee 1993 2838:Ashbee 1993 2826:Ashbee 1993 2799:Ashbee 1993 2784:Ashbee 1993 2772:Ashbee 1993 2729:Ashbee 1993 2717:Ashbee 1993 2700:Ashbee 1993 2650:Mynott 2007 2619:Wright 1854 2607:Ashbee 1993 2592:Ashbee 1993 2576:Ashbee 1993 2521:Ashbee 1993 2509:Ashbee 1993 2494:Ashbee 1993 2482:Ashbee 1993 2470:Ashbee 1993 2442:Ashbee 1993 2324:Ashbee 1993 2312:Ashbee 1993 2297:Ashbee 1993 2285:Ashbee 1993 2273:Ashbee 1993 2261:Ashbee 1993 2246:Ashbee 1993 2234:Ashbee 1993 2206:Ashbee 1993 2194:Ashbee 2000 2190:Jessup 1939 2120:Ashbee 1999 2096:Ashbee 2000 1974:Ashbee 1993 1962:Ashbee 1993 1950:Ashbee 1993 1938:Ashbee 1999 1926:Jessup 1970 1902:Daniel 1950 1861:Ashbee 1993 1800:Ashbee 1993 1723:Ashbee 1993 1693:Ashbee 1999 1562:Hutton 2013 1550:Hutton 2013 1538:Hutton 2013 1526:Hutton 2013 1514:Malone 2001 1502:Malone 2001 1490:Hutton 2013 1461:Malone 2001 1445:Hutton 2013 1441:Malone 2001 1429:Hutton 2013 1425:Hutton 1991 1413:Malone 2001 1372:Hutton 2013 1360:Hutton 1991 1345:Hutton 1991 1321:Hutton 2013 1305:Hutton 1991 1293:Ashbee 1999 1281:Hutton 2013 1277:Hutton 1991 1265:Hutton 1991 1095:Thomas Gale 1085:John Aubrey 1031:Thomas Gale 1023:John Aubrey 906:John Thorpe 843:peristalith 800:Anglo-Saxon 716:Odinic Rite 633:Paul Ashbee 582:roundhouses 513:Paul Ashbee 467:Paul Ashbee 462:Glyn Daniel 413:Countryfile 405:Paul Ashbee 397:North Downs 378:Description 371:Aubrey Burl 242:agriculture 127:Long barrow 110: / 85:Coordinates 68:Established 4110:Categories 3964:Wor Barrow 3954:Hell Stone 3908:St Lythans 3878:Belas Knap 3751:: 86–100. 3305:: 450–453. 3232:: 470–472. 2965:Evans 1949 2862:Evans 1946 2588:Evans 1949 2537:Evans 1946 2458:Evans 1949 2108:Glass 2000 2069:Glass 2000 2053:Glass 2000 2034:Glass 2000 1914:Evans 1950 1247:References 990:Stonehenge 863:Stonehenge 606:Tottington 602:Edward III 496:post holes 418:Stonehenge 250:Mesolithic 236:Background 151:megalithic 149:and other 112:51.3; 0.48 3973:Southeast 3860:Southwest 3734:(Report). 3723:164083656 3654:: 76–85. 3525:130433541 3412:163891790 3217:218836456 3023:Anon 1999 2336:Anon 1999 2222:Anon 1999 2084:Anon 1999 2049:Anon 1999 1574:Burl 1981 1478:Burl 1981 1457:Burl 1981 1252:Footnotes 1150:Maidstone 1112:the Devil 1011:Britannia 994:Wiltshire 982:John Stow 839:Addington 802:in date. 728:ley lines 614:Addington 610:Cosington 327:megaliths 297:Maloideae 210:longhouse 3774:Folklore 3623:(2005). 3440:(2001). 3371:(2013). 3345:(1991). 3239:Folklore 3148:(1981). 3126:(2007). 1224:of 455, 1162:Torstone 998:Catigern 788:cromlech 699:Several 670:company 598:Edward I 460:, while 263:pastoral 204:and the 76:Location 4080:51°19′N 3765:2843161 3668:2843160 3053:Sources 1002:Nennius 786:with a 709:Heathen 705:Druidry 635:, 1993. 344:shrines 340:temples 319:, 2001. 95:51°18′N 4083:0°30′E 3763: 3721: 3666: 3631: 3523: 3480: 3448: 3410: 3379: 3357: 3318: 3215: 3175: 3156: 3134: 980:, and 954:dolmen 545:Burham 438:Eocene 434:sarsen 196:, and 184:, and 167:sarsen 98:0°29′E 3761:JSTOR 3719:S2CID 3664:JSTOR 3521:S2CID 3408:S2CID 3213:S2CID 1006:Horsa 549:circa 3629:ISBN 3478:ISBN 3446:ISBN 3377:ISBN 3355:ISBN 3316:ISBN 3173:ISBN 3154:ISBN 3132:ISBN 1160:and 718:and 600:and 278:and 212:and 159:Kent 134:The 123:Type 3782:doi 3753:doi 3711:doi 3656:doi 3613:118 3557:doi 3513:doi 3465:169 3400:doi 3247:doi 3230:168 3205:doi 3107:120 3094:119 3078:111 992:in 409:BBC 342:or 192:, 157:in 4112:: 3778:86 3776:. 3759:. 3749:43 3747:. 3743:. 3717:. 3705:. 3694:61 3692:. 3681:73 3679:. 3662:. 3652:43 3650:. 3646:. 3611:. 3597:76 3595:. 3584:72 3582:. 3553:79 3551:. 3547:. 3519:. 3507:. 3463:. 3406:. 3396:19 3394:. 3335:97 3333:. 3303:14 3301:. 3290:72 3288:. 3277:63 3275:. 3264:62 3262:. 3243:57 3241:. 3228:. 3211:. 3201:12 3199:. 3105:. 3092:. 3076:. 2999:^ 2984:^ 2931:^ 2904:^ 2881:^ 2806:^ 2791:^ 2740:^ 2707:^ 2690:^ 2669:^ 2626:^ 2599:^ 2544:^ 2501:^ 2386:^ 2359:^ 2304:^ 2253:^ 2208:; 2170:^ 2143:^ 2076:^ 2041:^ 1868:^ 1851:^ 1750:^ 1685:^ 1660:^ 1633:^ 1468:^ 1403:^ 1352:^ 1168:. 1049:, 1033:. 976:, 738:. 722:. 300:. 290:. 180:, 161:, 3983:: 3870:: 3847:e 3840:t 3833:v 3788:. 3784:: 3767:. 3755:: 3725:. 3713:: 3707:8 3670:. 3658:: 3637:. 3565:. 3559:: 3527:. 3515:: 3509:1 3486:. 3454:. 3414:. 3402:: 3385:. 3363:. 3324:. 3253:. 3249:: 3219:. 3207:: 3181:. 3162:. 3140:. 1916:. 325:"

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