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in the year 2000. The primary advantage of a vehicle with a reformer is that it does not need a pressurized gas tank to store hydrogen fuel; instead methanol is stored as a liquid. The logistic implications of this are great; pressurized hydrogen is difficult to store and produce. Also, this could
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With either design, not all of the hydrogen is removed from the product gases (raffinate). Since the remaining gas mixture still contains a significant amount of chemical energy, it is often mixed with air and burned to provide heat for the endothermic reforming reaction.
292:. The hydrogen is thereby separated out of the reaction chamber as the reaction proceeds, This purifies the hydrogen and, as the reaction continues, increases both the reaction rate and the amount of hydrogen extracted.
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and products in a later chamber, either by pressure swing adsorption (PSA), or through use of a membrane where the majority of the hydrogen passes through. This method is typically used for larger, non-mobile
322:, is toxic and (of course) flammable. The cost of the PdAg membrane and its susceptibility to damage by temperature changes provide obstacles to adoption.
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The water-methanol mixture is introduced into a tube-shaped reactor where it makes contact with the catalyst. Hydrogen is then separated from the other
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Investigation of a methanol concept considering the particular impact of dynamics and long-term stability for use in a fuel-cell-powered passenger car
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help ease the public's concern over the danger of hydrogen and thereby make fuel cell-powered vehicles more attractive. However, methanol, like
284:. In this relatively new approach, the reaction chamber is made to contain high-temperature, hydrogen-permeable membranes that can be formed of
213:{\displaystyle \mathrm {CH_{3}OH_{(g)}+H_{2}O_{(g)}\;\longrightarrow \;CO_{2}+3\ H_{2}\qquad } \Delta H_{R\ 298}^{0}=49.2\ \mathrm {kJ/mol} }
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George A. Olah (2005). "Beyond Oil and Gas: The
Methanol Economy". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 44 (18): 2636–2639.
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Methanol reformers are used as a component of stationary fuel cell systems or hydrogen fuel cell-powered vehicles (see
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Methanol (prepared from natural gas) that is used in an efficient fuel cell, however, releases less CO
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Methanol is transformed into hydrogen and carbon dioxide by pressure and heat and interaction with a
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The other process features an integrated reaction chamber and separation membrane, a
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ratio (water:methanol) of 1.0 - 1.5 is pressurized to approximately 20
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Compact methanol reformer test for fuel-cell-powered light-duty vehicles
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There are two basic methods of conducting this process.
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Methanol steam reforming in a fuel cell drive system
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in the atmosphere than gasoline, in a net analysis.
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325:While hydrogen power produces energy without CO
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419:Organic solution assisted water electrolysis
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383:, J. Power Sources 86 (1999) 507-514
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369:, J. Power Sources 71 (1998) 288-293
28:technology, which can produce pure
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301:Advantages and disadvantages
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255:hydrogen-permeable membrane
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251:Pressure swing adsorption
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22:chemical engineering
20:is a device used in
449:Membrane technology
434:Hydrogen production
379:Peters, R. et al.:
365:Emonts, B. et al.:
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444:Chemical equipment
372:Wiese, W. et al.:
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399:Partial oxidation
286:refractory metals
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414:Methanol economy
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439:Fuel cells
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233:Technology
274:reactants
263:palladium
156:Δ
118:⟶
26:fuel cell
388:See also
320:gasoline
257:made of
226:catalyst
38:methanol
32:gas and
30:hydrogen
311:NECAR 5
290:ceramic
265:alloy.
259:polymer
277:units.
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261:or a
253:or a
42:water
404:PROX
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109:g
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69:O
64:3
60:H
56:C
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