61:
1706:
1247:
1835:
1240:
1234:
1700:
38:
298:
In comparison to other therocephalians, nanictidopids are relatively large, with skulls ranging from 7 to 20 centimetres (3 to 8 in) in length. Nanictidopids are characterized by their shortened skulls that appear triangular when viewed from above. The temporal region of the skull is very wide.
375:
Except for the canines, nanictidopids lack the large pointed teeth of carnivorous therocephalians. Nanictidopids are thought to have been herbivorous, but they lack the enlarged buccal or cheek teeth of most herbivores. Although wear facets indicate use, most teeth are small and would have served
263:
closely related and classified them as the only two members of
Nanictidopidae as they shared a wide temporal region, Liu and Abdala 2020 found little relation between the two genera and instead classifies
516:
1900:
315:
that make up the back of the eye sockets are very thin, and sometimes do not enclose the entire socket. Unlike more advanced therocephalians, nanictidopids lack a
299:
Their skulls are similar to those of hofmeyriids, and the superfamily
Nanictidopoidea has been established to unite these two groups. Nanictidopids have enlarged
380:, but nanictidopids show no evidence of this adaptation either. One of the few indications of diet comes from a broken and polished canine in a specimen of
384:. In life, this tooth may have been broken and worn smooth as it was digging for food. Nanictidopids were most likely primitive herbivores, possibly
1887:
1969:
556:
303:
in their upper and lower jaws, while the teeth behind them are very small. Small bumps and ridges cover parts of the upper and lower jaws. The
407:"The tetrapod fauna of the upper Permian Naobaogou Formation of China: 5. Caodeyao liuyufengi gen. et sp. nov., a new peculiar therocephalian"
1959:
1964:
376:
little function in processing plant material. Another adaptation toward herbivory is the development of horny plates on the
1705:
60:
549:
1954:
1246:
1239:
1855:
1838:
1233:
542:
1926:
1348:
1699:
1376:
478:
176:
1003:
1432:
1165:
904:
1801:
1766:
1070:
1031:
1773:
1579:
1083:
846:
839:
825:
811:
647:
494:
55:
1931:
789:
1905:
469:
Ivakhnenko, M.F. (2011). "Permian and
Triassic therocephals (Eutherapsida) of Eastern Europe".
1913:
1676:
1045:
446:
428:
355:
1918:
1752:
1604:
1355:
486:
436:
418:
337:
316:
312:
214:
1439:
1397:
1327:
1292:
996:
980:
953:
883:
860:
803:
780:
734:
364:
328:
168:
150:
482:
1669:
1662:
1628:
1572:
1418:
1172:
1059:
1052:
1038:
919:
796:
616:
441:
406:
308:
218:
1948:
1738:
1613:
1593:
1425:
1411:
1334:
1320:
1179:
1151:
1103:
989:
962:
933:
867:
709:
696:
659:
565:
498:
304:
134:
1815:
1808:
1787:
1780:
1725:
1648:
1620:
1552:
1525:
1514:
1500:
1491:
1446:
1341:
1299:
1186:
1158:
1094:
1024:
1010:
769:
753:
360:
343:
332:
300:
235:
225:
172:
28:
1759:
1745:
1464:
1453:
1390:
1383:
1313:
1135:
1124:
1117:
969:
912:
853:
832:
818:
253:
230:
192:
1878:
1586:
1534:
1404:
1362:
1278:
1265:
1201:
1144:
941:
762:
741:
727:
607:
490:
273:
118:
37:
432:
1794:
1639:
1507:
1473:
1306:
1110:
1017:
632:
598:
385:
349:
269:
221:
105:
72:
450:
359:. These therocephalians have since been split up among other families like
335:. Watson and Romer included many therocephalians in the family, including
1872:
1565:
1541:
926:
897:
589:
286:
281:
259:
240:
199:
92:
47:
1892:
1480:
423:
1655:
1369:
583:
377:
245:
82:
1849:
248:. Nanictidopids have short skulls and were probably herbivorous.
534:
1853:
1722:
1263:
694:
576:
538:
327:
Nanictidopidae was named in 1956 by paleontologists
1862:
1638:
1603:
1551:
1524:
1490:
1463:
1276:
1200:
1134:
1093:
1069:
979:
952:
881:
779:
752:
707:
658:
631:
228:. Two genera are currently included in the family,
550:
521:Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology
8:
1850:
1719:
1557:
1284:
1273:
1260:
1075:
889:
719:
715:
704:
691:
637:
628:
573:
557:
543:
535:
36:
20:
440:
422:
405:Liu, Jun; Abdala, Fernando (2020-05-28).
517:"A classification of therapsid reptiles"
464:
462:
460:
397:
510:
508:
7:
515:Watson, D.M.S.; Romer, A.S. (1956).
251:Although Ivakhnenko 2011 considered
14:
307:at the back of the skull forms a
1834:
1833:
1704:
1698:
1245:
1238:
1232:
59:
45:Restoration of the nanictidopid
1970:Prehistoric therapsid families
1:
16:Extinct family of therapsids
1960:Lopingian first appearances
1986:
1829:
1733:
1718:
1696:
1560:
1287:
1272:
1259:
1230:
1078:
892:
722:
718:
703:
690:
640:
627:
572:
491:10.1134/S0031030111090012
188:
183:
56:Scientific classification
54:
44:
35:
23:
471:Paleontological Journal
284:clade with the Chinese
1965:Lopingian extinctions
1927:Paleobiology Database
280:forms an exclusively
483:2011PalJ...45..981I
424:10.7717/peerj.9160
1955:Eutherocephalians
1942:
1941:
1914:Open Tree of Life
1856:Taxon identifiers
1847:
1846:
1825:
1824:
1714:
1713:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1677:Traversodontoides
1349:Jiucaiyuangnathus
1255:
1254:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1196:
1195:
1046:Promoschorhynchus
877:
876:
686:
685:
682:
681:
678:
677:
356:Promoschorhynchus
313:postorbital bones
208:
207:
179:
1977:
1935:
1934:
1922:
1921:
1909:
1908:
1896:
1895:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1851:
1837:
1836:
1753:Blattoidealestes
1720:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1605:Ericiolacertidae
1558:
1356:Macroscelesaurus
1285:
1274:
1261:
1250:
1249:
1242:
1236:
1076:
890:
720:
716:
705:
692:
638:
629:
622:
621:
574:
559:
552:
545:
536:
529:
528:
512:
503:
502:
466:
455:
454:
444:
426:
402:
338:Blattoidealestes
317:secondary palate
167:
162:
149:
133:
64:
63:
40:
27:Temporal range:
21:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1930:
1925:
1917:
1912:
1904:
1899:
1891:
1886:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1858:
1848:
1843:
1821:
1729:
1710:
1703:
1682:
1634:
1599:
1547:
1520:
1486:
1459:
1440:Silphictidoides
1398:Scalopocephalus
1377:Nanictocephalus
1328:Ictidosuchoides
1293:Homodontosaurus
1281:
1268:
1251:
1244:
1216:
1192:
1130:
1089:
1065:
997:Annatherapsidus
981:Akidnognathidae
975:
954:Chthonosauridae
948:
886:
884:Eutherocephalia
873:
861:Pristerognathus
804:Biarmosuchoides
781:Scylacosauridae
775:
748:
735:Porosteognathus
712:
699:
674:
654:
623:
579:
578:
568:
563:
533:
532:
514:
513:
506:
477:(9): 981–1144.
468:
467:
458:
404:
403:
399:
394:
373:
365:Akidnognathidae
329:D. M. S. Watson
325:
305:parietal region
296:
166:
160:
151:Eutherocephalia
147:
131:
58:
48:Purlovia maxima
31:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1983:
1981:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1947:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1923:
1910:
1897:
1884:
1868:
1866:
1864:Nanictidopidae
1860:
1859:
1854:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1723:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1673:
1670:Scalopognathus
1666:
1663:Microgomphodon
1659:
1652:
1644:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1629:Silphedosuchus
1625:
1617:
1609:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1573:Nothogomphodon
1569:
1561:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1538:
1530:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1496:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1477:
1469:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1419:Scalopolacerta
1415:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1288:
1282:
1277:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1173:Moschowhaitsia
1169:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1140:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1099:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1060:Zorillodontops
1056:
1053:Shiguaignathus
1049:
1042:
1039:Olivierosuchus
1035:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1007:
1004:Cerdosuchoides
1000:
993:
985:
983:
977:
976:
974:
973:
966:
958:
956:
950:
949:
947:
946:
938:
930:
923:
920:Perplexisaurus
916:
909:
901:
893:
887:
882:
879:
878:
875:
874:
872:
871:
864:
857:
850:
843:
836:
829:
822:
815:
808:
800:
797:Alopecognathus
793:
785:
783:
777:
776:
774:
773:
766:
758:
756:
750:
749:
747:
746:
738:
731:
723:
713:
708:
701:
700:
695:
688:
687:
684:
683:
680:
679:
676:
675:
673:
672:
671:
670:
664:
662:
656:
655:
653:
652:
651:
650:
641:
635:
625:
624:
620:
619:
617:Eutheriodontia
610:
601:
592:
586:
577:
570:
569:
564:
562:
561:
554:
547:
539:
531:
530:
504:
456:
396:
395:
393:
390:
372:
369:
324:
321:
309:sagittal crest
295:
292:
219:therocephalian
213:is an extinct
211:Nanictidopidae
206:
205:
204:
203:
196:
186:
185:
181:
180:
164:Nanictidopidae
158:
154:
153:
145:
138:
137:
129:
122:
121:
116:
109:
108:
103:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
52:
51:
42:
41:
33:
32:
26:
24:Nanictidopidae
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1982:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1933:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1840:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1739:Alopecorhinus
1736:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1707:
1701:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1614:Ericiolacerta
1611:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1594:Scaloposaurus
1591:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1433:Scaloposuchus
1430:
1428:
1427:
1426:Scaloporhinus
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1412:Scalopodontes
1409:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1335:Ictidosuchops
1332:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1321:Ictidognathus
1318:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1235:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1180:Theriognathus
1177:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1166:Microwhaitsia
1163:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1152:Ictidochampsa
1149:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1104:Gorochovetzia
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
998:
994:
992:
991:
990:Akidnognathus
987:
986:
984:
982:
978:
972:
971:
967:
965:
964:
963:Chthonosaurus
960:
959:
957:
955:
951:
944:
943:
939:
936:
935:
934:Scylacosuchus
931:
929:
928:
924:
922:
921:
917:
915:
914:
910:
907:
906:
905:Kotelcephalon
902:
900:
899:
895:
894:
891:
888:
885:
880:
870:
869:
868:Scylacosaurus
865:
863:
862:
858:
856:
855:
851:
849:
848:
844:
842:
841:
837:
835:
834:
830:
828:
827:
823:
821:
820:
816:
814:
813:
809:
806:
805:
801:
799:
798:
794:
792:
791:
787:
786:
784:
782:
778:
772:
771:
767:
765:
764:
760:
759:
757:
755:
751:
744:
743:
739:
737:
736:
732:
730:
729:
725:
724:
721:
717:
714:
711:
710:Therocephalia
706:
702:
698:
697:Therocephalia
693:
689:
668:
667:
666:
665:
663:
661:
660:Therocephalia
657:
649:
645:
644:
643:
642:
639:
636:
634:
630:
626:
618:
614:
611:
609:
605:
602:
600:
596:
593:
591:
587:
585:
581:
580:
575:
571:
567:
566:Therocephalia
560:
555:
553:
548:
546:
541:
540:
537:
526:
522:
518:
511:
509:
505:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
465:
463:
461:
457:
452:
448:
443:
438:
434:
430:
425:
420:
416:
412:
408:
401:
398:
391:
389:
387:
383:
379:
370:
368:
366:
362:
358:
357:
352:
351:
346:
345:
340:
339:
334:
330:
322:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
293:
291:
289:
288:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
261:
256:
255:
249:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
232:
227:
223:
220:
216:
212:
202:
201:
197:
195:
194:
190:
189:
187:
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
159:
156:
155:
152:
146:
143:
140:
139:
136:
135:Therocephalia
130:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
87:
84:
81:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
67:
62:
57:
53:
50:
49:
43:
39:
34:
30:
22:
19:
1863:
1816:Trochosuchus
1814:
1809:Trochosaurus
1807:
1802:Trochorhinus
1800:
1793:
1788:Scymnosaurus
1786:
1781:Ictidosaurus
1779:
1772:
1767:Hyaenasuchus
1765:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1726:Nomina dubia
1724:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1654:
1649:Antecosuchus
1647:
1627:
1621:Pedaeosaurus
1619:
1612:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1553:Bauriamorpha
1540:
1533:
1526:Regisauridae
1515:Tetracynodon
1513:
1506:
1501:Choerosaurus
1499:
1492:Lycideopidae
1479:
1472:
1452:
1447:Silpholestes
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1342:Ictidosuchus
1340:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1300:Icticephalus
1298:
1291:
1237:
1187:Viatkosuchus
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1159:Megawhaitsia
1157:
1150:
1143:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:Hofmeyriidae
1082:
1071:Whaitsioidea
1058:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1032:Notaelurodon
1030:
1025:Moschorhinus
1023:
1016:
1011:Euchambersia
1009:
1002:
995:
988:
968:
961:
940:
932:
925:
918:
911:
903:
896:
866:
859:
852:
845:
838:
831:
824:
817:
810:
802:
795:
788:
770:Simorhinella
768:
761:
754:Lycosuchidae
740:
733:
726:
612:
603:
594:
524:
520:
474:
470:
414:
410:
400:
386:fruit-eating
381:
374:
371:Paleobiology
361:Hofmeyriidae
354:
348:
344:Choerosaurus
342:
336:
333:Alfred Romer
326:
301:canine teeth
297:
285:
277:
265:
258:
252:
250:
239:
236:South Africa
229:
226:Late Permian
210:
209:
198:
191:
163:
141:
125:
112:
99:
46:
29:Late Permian
18:
1774:Ictidoparia
1760:Dongusaurus
1746:Arnognathus
1580:Notictoides
1465:Karenitidae
1454:Yikezhaogia
1391:Rhigosaurus
1384:Polycynodon
1314:Ictidodraco
1136:Whaitsiidae
1125:Mirotenthes
1118:Ictidostoma
1084:Ophidostoma
970:Ichibengops
913:Nanictidops
854:Pardosuchus
847:Maraisaurus
840:Koksharovia
833:Julognathus
826:Hyorhynchus
819:Glanosuchus
812:Eutheriodon
527:(2): 37–89.
294:Description
266:Nanictidops
254:Nanictidops
231:Nanictidops
193:Nanictidops
1949:Categories
1587:Ordosiodon
1535:Regisaurus
1405:Scalopodon
1363:Malasaurus
1279:Baurioidea
1266:Baurioidea
1211:see below↓
1202:Baurioidea
1145:Dalongkoua
942:Cynodontia
790:Alopecodon
763:Lycosuchus
742:Cynodontia
728:Gorynychus
669:see below↓
608:Therapsida
392:References
274:Baurioidea
272:member of
222:therapsids
119:Therapsida
1795:Tamboeria
1640:Bauriidae
1508:Lycideops
1474:Karenites
1307:Ictidodon
1111:Hofmeyria
1018:Jiufengia
648:Synapsida
633:Synapsida
599:Synapsida
582:Kingdom:
499:128958135
433:2167-8359
417:: e9160.
350:Hofmeyria
290:instead.
282:Laurasian
270:basalmost
224:from the
106:Synapsida
79:Kingdom:
73:Eukaryota
1906:11913267
1879:Q6963603
1873:Wikidata
1839:Category
1566:Hazhenia
1542:Urumchia
927:Purlovia
898:Caodeyao
590:Chordata
588:Phylum:
584:Animalia
451:32523808
382:Purlovia
287:Caodeyao
278:Purlovia
276:, while
260:Purlovia
241:Purlovia
200:Purlovia
157:Family:
93:Chordata
89:Phylum:
83:Animalia
69:Domain:
1919:7667720
1893:9628415
1481:Mupashi
479:Bibcode
442:7261480
323:History
268:as the
184:Genera
1932:362039
1656:Bauria
1370:Muchia
497:
449:
439:
431:
378:palate
353:, and
311:. The
246:Russia
215:family
169:Watson
1901:IRMNG
613:Clade
604:Clade
595:Clade
495:S2CID
411:PeerJ
244:from
234:from
173:Romer
142:Clade
126:Clade
113:Clade
100:Clade
1888:GBIF
646:see
447:PMID
429:ISSN
363:and
331:and
257:and
238:and
177:1956
171:and
525:114
487:doi
437:PMC
419:doi
217:of
1951::
1929::
1916::
1903::
1890::
1875::
615::
606::
597::
523:.
519:.
507:^
493:.
485:.
475:45
473:.
459:^
445:.
435:.
427:.
413:.
409:.
388:.
367:.
347:,
341:,
319:.
175:,
144::
128::
115::
102::
1624:?
945:?
937:?
908:?
807:?
745:?
558:e
551:t
544:v
501:.
489::
481::
453:.
421::
415:8
161:†
148:†
132:†
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