27:
310:" or "opinion of the court" is an opinion of a judge or group of judges that accompanies and explains an order or ruling in a controversy before the court. A judicial opinion generally lays out the facts that the court recognized as being established, the legal principles the court is bound by, and the application of the relevant principles to the recognized facts. The goal is to demonstrate the rationale the court used in reaching its decision.
260:"Scientific opinion" may reflect opinions on scientific concerns as articulated by one or more scientists, published in scholarly journals or respected textbooks, both of which entail peer-review and rigorous professional editing. It may also refer to opinions published by professional, academic, or governmental organizations about scientific findings and their possible implications.
135:
353:(2007, entered into force on 1 December 2009) allows Member States to issue a reasoned opinion within 8 weeks of their official notification of the draft legislation. As from 2019-20 the European Commission has allowed a longer period for reasoned opinions to be issued over the Christmas and New Year period.
297:
transactions. The opinion expresses the attorney's professional judgment regarding the legal aspect of the transaction. The opinion can be "clean" or "reasoned". A legal opinion is not a guarantee that a court will reach any particular result. However, a mistaken or incomplete legal opinion may be
274:
Scientific opinion(s) can be "partial, temporally contingent, conflicting, and uncertain" so that there may be no accepted consensus for a particular situation. In other circumstances, a particular scientific opinion may be at odds with consensus.
204:(e.g., opinions of users of a particular product or service). Typically, because the process of gathering opinions from all individuals is difficult, expensive, or impossible to obtain, public opinion (or consumer opinion) is estimated using
293:" or "closing opinion" is a type of professional opinion, usually contained in a formal legal-opinion letter, given by an attorney to a client or a third party. Most legal opinions are given in connection with
298:
grounds for a professional malpractice claim against the attorney, pursuant to which the attorney may be required to pay the claimant damages incurred as a result of relying on the faulty opinion.
345:
Also under EU law, a "reasoned opinion" may be issued by a Member State in relation to proposed EU legislation, if the Member State is concerned that the proposal infringes the EU's
200:
is the aggregate of individual attitudes or beliefs held by a population (e.g., a city, state, or country), while consumer opinion is the similar aggregate collected as part of
95:
Different people may draw opposing conclusions (opinions) even if they agree on the same set of facts. Opinions rarely change without new arguments being presented. It can be
835:
281:, also called public understanding of science, is an educational goal concerned with providing the public with the necessary tools to benefit from scientific opinion.
339:
88:," versus "United States of America was right to get involved in the Vietnam War". An opinion may be supported by facts and principles, in which case it becomes an
904:
84:
from opinion is that facts are verifiable, i.e. can be agreed to by the consensus of experts. An example is: "United States of
America was involved in the
1094:
606:
498:
857:
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508:
268:
121:
Though not hard fact, collective opinions or professional opinions are defined as meeting a higher standard to substantiate the opinion.
726:
ANNUAL REPORT 2000 ON THE APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUBSIDIARITY AND PROPORTIONALITY AND ON RELATIONS WITH NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
327:
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145:
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method) identifies potential problems that could affect data quality and data collection by evaluating survey questionnaires and
342:, constitutes a formal request to the state concerned for implementing action to be taken, usually within a two month deadline.
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and are typically sponsored by one side or the other in a litigation in order to support that party's claims. The reports state
1180:
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346:
240:, or other collective decision-making body. In these situations, researchers are often interested in questions related to
74:
400:
In medicine, an expert report is a critical assessment of a medical topic, for example, an independent assessment of the
890:
763:
Marks P (2007). "Clinical research education and training for pharmaceutical staff". In
Edwards LD, Fletcher AJ (eds.).
160:
335:
156:
69:
matters in which there is no conclusive finding, or it may deal with facts which are sought to be disputed by the
712:
228:, group opinion refers to the aggregation of opinions collected from a group of subjects, such as members of a
35:
20:
788:
Yan, T.; Kreuter, F.; Tourangeau, R (December 2012). "Evaluating Survey
Questions: A Comparison of Methods".
725:
679:
Consolidated version of the Treaty on the
Functioning of the European Union, Article 258 (ex Article 226 TEC)
1114:
452:
107:
401:
934:
810:
415:
632:"American Bar Association Committee on Legal Opinions, Legal Opinion Principles, 53 Bus. Law. 831 (1998)"
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that one opinion is better supported by the facts than another, by analyzing the supporting arguments.
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26:
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331:
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96:
811:"Translation Review and Cognitive Testing of ACS Language Assistance Guides in Multiple Languages"
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249:
201:
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994:
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768:
743:
738:
Hirt TC (1999). "Expert reports". In Koeltl JG; Kiernan JS; ABA Section of
Litigation (eds.).
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221:
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267:, is the prevailing view on a scientific topic within the scientific community, such as the
115:
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397:, discuss details, explain reasoning, and justify the experts' conclusions and opinions.
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197:
70:
728:, COM(2021) 417 final, section 2.1, published 23 July 2021, accessed 26 September 2023
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The Role of the
National Parliaments in the European Union - European Union Committee
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or other EU law. The reasoned opinion, provided for under
Article 258 of the
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656:"O.S. Kerr, How to Read a Judicial Opinion: A Guide for New Law Students"
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89:
46:
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10.1002/(sici)1098-237x(200001)84:1<71::aid-sce6>3.0.co;2-c
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Attacking Faulty
Reasoning: A Practical Guide to Fallacy-free Arguments
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31:
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Laugksch, R.C. (2000). "Scientific literacy: A conceptual overview".
163:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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25:
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229:
81:
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715:, chapter 4, published 11 March 2014, accessed 7 November 2022
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issues a "reasoned opinion" when it is concerned that a
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Judgment, viewpoint, or statement that is not conclusive
152:
389:
offering their opinions on points of controversy in a
742:(3rd ed.). American Bar Assn. pp. 477–87.
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920:
765:Principles and Practice of Pharmaceutical Medicine
340:Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
898:
527:Brian Wynne (1991). "Knowledges in Context".
8:
607:"Real Estate Opinion Letters: Introduction"
905:
891:
883:
837:The Sociolinguistics of Survey Translation
692:"Enforcement: Frequently Asked Questions"
179:Learn how and when to remove this message
385:In law, expert reports are generated by
349:principle. Article 6, Protocol 2 to the
767:(2nd ed.). Wiley. pp. 25–40.
529:Science, Technology, & Human Values
522:
520:
489:
834:Pan, Yuling; Sha, Mandy (2019-07-09).
53:that is not conclusive, as opposed to
7:
503:. Cengage Learning. pp. 14–15.
269:scientific opinion on climate change
220:In some social sciences, especially
125:Collective and professional opinions
114:, particular feelings, beliefs, and
374:is a study written by one or more
263:A related—but not identical—term,
14:
75:one is entitled to their opinions
378:that states findings and offers
362:This section is an excerpt from
133:
106:may be the result of a person's
322:'s infringement procedure, the
791:Journal of Official Statistics
414:, an expert report (using the
65:A given opinion may deal with
1:
57:, which are true statements.
681:, accessed 26 September 2023
815:United States Census Bureau
159:the claims made and adding
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541:10.1177/016224399101600108
473:I'm entitled to my opinion
361:
318:As the second step of the
18:
1032:Parsimony (Occam's razor)
809:Sha, Mandy (March 2012).
497:Damer, T. Edward (2008).
1176:Concepts in epistemology
102:In casual use, the term
36:Chinatown, San Francisco
21:Opinion (disambiguation)
453:Perspective (cognitive)
196:In contemporary usage,
38:
1181:Subjective experience
1087:Theories of deduction
850:10.4324/9780429294914
740:The Litigation Manual
724:European Commission,
443:Justified true belief
210:representative sample
29:
844:. pp. 118–124.
265:scientific consensus
19:For other uses, see
914:Philosophical logic
698:. 28 November 2022.
696:European Commission
584:2000SciEd..84...71L
478:Scientific evidence
420:survey translations
324:European Commission
279:Scientific literacy
978:Unity of opposites
605:Thompson, Robert.
402:cost–benefit ratio
256:Scientific opinion
250:group polarization
212:of a population).
202:marketing research
144:possibly contains
39:
1158:
1157:
1010:List of fallacies
995:Explanatory power
922:Critical thinking
859:978-0-429-29491-4
774:978-0-470-09313-9
572:Science Education
510:978-0-495-09506-4
412:survey pretesting
406:medical treatment
222:political science
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146:original research
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404:of a particular
387:expert witnesses
351:Treaty of Lisbon
314:Reasoned opinion
308:judicial opinion
302:Judicial opinion
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637:. Abanet.org
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578:(1): 71–94.
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990:Explanation
960:Credibility
410:As part of
376:authorities
332:implemented
234:legislature
108:perspective
86:Vietnam War
1165:Categories
1145:Pragmatism
1135:Nominalism
1042:Propaganda
1017:Hypothesis
970:Antithesis
840:. London:
820:2024-01-08
664:2013-02-18
641:2013-02-18
484:References
468:Truthiness
391:legal case
246:conformity
226:psychology
153:improve it
67:subjective
61:Definition
32:Soapboxing
1115:Formalism
1077:Vagueness
1057:Relevance
1052:Reasoning
965:Dialectic
940:Ambiguity
868:198632812
842:Routledge
677:EUR-Lex,
557:144773885
336:Directive
238:committee
157:verifying
51:statement
1130:Logicism
1110:Finitism
1062:Rhetoric
1047:Prudence
985:Evidence
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935:Analysis
427:See also
380:opinions
330:has not
295:business
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