495:
835:
1799:, so their vital signs can be closely monitored to detect anesthesia- or surgery-related complications. Pain medication may be administered if necessary. After patients are completely awake, they are moved to a hospital room to recover. Most individuals will be offered clear liquids the day after the surgery, then progress to a regular diet when the intestines start to function correctly. Patients are recommended to sit upon the edge of the bed and walk short distances several times a day. Moving is mandatory, and pain medication may be given if necessary. Full recovery from appendectomies takes about four to six weeks but can be prolonged to up to eight weeks if the appendix had ruptured.
1204:
1317:
912:(MRI) use has become increasingly common for diagnosis of appendicitis in children and pregnant patients due to the radiation dosage that, while of nearly negligible risk in healthy adults, can be harmful to children or the developing baby. In pregnancy, it is more useful during the second and third trimester, particularly as the enlargening uterus displaces the appendix, making it difficult to find by ultrasound. The periappendiceal stranding that is reflected on CT by fat stranding on MRI appears as an increased fluid signal on T2 weighted sequences. First trimester pregnancies are usually not candidates for MRI, as the fetus is still undergoing
1145:
1862:
823:
1387:
859:
1279:
257:, and laboratory tests can be helpful. The two most commonly used imaging tests for diagnosing appendicitis are ultrasound and computed tomography (CT scan). CT scan is more accurate than ultrasound in detecting acute appendicitis. However, ultrasound may be preferred as the first imaging test in children and pregnant women because of the risks associated with radiation exposure from CT scans. Although ultrasound may aid in diagnosis, its main role is in identifying important differentials, such as ovarian pathology in females or mesenteric adenitis in children.
1133:
811:
1926:
851:
773:, is useful to detect appendicitis, especially in children. Ultrasound can show the free fluid collection in the right iliac fossa, along with a visible appendix with increased blood flow when using color Doppler, and noncompressibility of the appendix, as it is essentially walled-off abscess. Other secondary sonographic signs of acute appendicitis include the presence of echogenic mesenteric fat surrounding the appendix and the acoustic shadowing of an appendicolith. In some cases (approximately 5%), ultrasonography of the
377:
1776:
1347:
1115:
366:
645:, also known as "Obraztsova's sign", is right lower-quadrant pain that is produced with either the passive extension of the right hip or by the active flexion of the person's right hip while supine. The pain that is elicited is due to inflammation of the peritoneum overlying the iliopsoas muscles and inflammation of the psoas muscles themselves. Straightening out the leg causes pain because it stretches these muscles, while flexing the hip activates the iliopsoas and causes pain.
874:(CT) has become frequently used, especially in people whose diagnosis is not obvious on history and physical examination. Although some concerns about interpretation are identified, a 2019 Cochrane review found that sensitivity and specificity of CT for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adults was high. Concerns about radiation tend to limit use of CT in pregnant women and in children, especially with the increasingly widespread usage of MRI.
925:
1614:
1606:
309:
53:
755:
1757:
1823:(associated with suppurative appendicitis) is more challenging to diagnose and is more apt to be complicated even when operated early. In either condition, prompt diagnosis and appendectomy yield the best results with full recovery in two to four weeks usually. Mortality and severe complications are unusual but do occur, especially if peritonitis persists and is untreated.
1691:, and it can last up to two hours. Laparoscopic appendectomy has several advantages over open appendectomy, including a shorter post-operative recovery, less post-operative pain, and lower superficial surgical site infection rate. However, the occurrence of an intra-abdominal abscess is almost three times more prevalent in laparoscopic appendectomy than open appendectomy.
639:: The person being evaluated lies on her or his back with the hip and knee both flexed at ninety degrees. The examiner holds the person's ankle with one hand and knee with the other hand. The examiner rotates the hip by moving the person's ankle away from their body while allowing the knee to move only inward. A positive test is pain with internal rotation of the hip.
325:. This classic migration of pain may not appear in children under three years. This pain can be elicited through signs, which can feel sharp. Pain from appendicitis may begin as dull pain around the navel. After several hours, the pain usually migrates towards the right lower quadrant, where it becomes localized. Symptoms include localized findings in the right
1622:
1591:) do not appear to affect the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of appendicitis and therefore should be given early in the patient's care. Historically there were concerns among some general surgeons that analgesics would affect the clinical exam in children, and some recommended that they not be given until the surgeon was able to examine the person.
300:. In 2015, approximately 11.6 million cases of appendicitis were reported, resulting in around 50,100 deaths worldwide. In the United States, appendicitis is one of the most common causes of sudden abdominal pain requiring surgery. Annually, more than 300,000 individuals in the United States undergo surgical removal of their appendix.
261:
1683:
inserting a special surgical tool called a laparoscope into one of the incisions. The laparoscope is connected to a monitor outside the person's body, and it is designed to help the surgeon to inspect the infected area in the abdomen. The other two incisions are made for the specific removal of the appendix by using
1822:
Typical acute appendicitis responds quickly to appendectomy and occasionally will resolve spontaneously. If appendicitis resolves spontaneously, it remains controversial whether an elective interval appendectomy should be performed to prevent a recurrent episode of appendicitis. Atypical appendicitis
1740:
has been made, the preparation procedure takes approximately one to two hours. Meanwhile, the surgeon will explain the surgery procedure and will present the risks that must be considered when performing an appendectomy. (With all surgeries there are risks that must be evaluated before performing the
245:
may also lead to this blockage. When the appendix becomes blocked, it experiences increased pressure, reduced blood flow, and bacterial growth, resulting in inflammation. This combination of factors causes tissue injury and, ultimately, tissue death. If this process is left untreated, it can lead to
1728:
may be administered early to help kill bacteria and thus reduce the spread of infection in the abdomen and postoperative complications in the abdomen or wound. Equivocal cases may become more difficult to assess with antibiotic treatment and benefit from serial examinations. If the stomach is empty
1699:
In pediatric patients, the high mobility of the cecum allows externalization of the appendix through the umbilicus, and the entire procedure can be performed with a single incision. Laparoscopic-assisted transumbilical appendectomy is a relatively recent technique but with long published series and
971:
The
Alvarado score is the most known scoring system. A score below 5 suggests against a diagnosis of appendicitis, whereas a score of 7 or more is predictive of acute appendicitis. In a person with an equivocal score of 5 or 6, a CT scan or ultrasound exam may be used to reduce the rate of negative
777:
does not reveal any abnormalities despite the presence of appendicitis. This false-negative finding is especially true of early appendicitis before the appendix has become significantly distended. Also, false-negative findings are more common in adults where larger amounts of fat and bowel gas make
729:
In children, the clinical examination is important to determine which children with abdominal pain should receive immediate surgical consultation and which should receive diagnostic imaging. Because of the health risks of exposing children to radiation, ultrasound is the preferred first choice with
1826:
Another entity known as the appendicular lump is talked about. It happens when the appendix is not removed early during infection, and omentum and intestine adhere to it, forming a palpable lump. During this period, surgery is risky unless there is pus formation evident by fever and toxicity or by
1787:
Hospital lengths of stay typically range from a few hours to a few days but can be a few weeks if complications occur. The recovery process may vary depending on the severity of the condition: if the appendix had ruptured or not before surgery. Appendix surgery recovery is generally much faster if
1682:
Laparoscopic appendectomy was introduced in 1983 and has become an increasingly prevalent intervention for acute appendicitis. This surgical procedure consists of making three to four incisions in the abdomen, each 0.25 to 0.5 inches (6.4 to 12.7 mm) long. This type of appendectomy is made by
1645:
For over a century, laparotomy (open appendectomy) was the standard treatment for acute appendicitis. This procedure consists of the removal of the infected appendix through a single large incision in the lower right area of the abdomen. The incision in a laparotomy is usually 2 to 3 inches (51 to
1661:
removes the infected tissue and cuts the appendix from the surrounding tissue. After careful and close inspection of the infected area, and ensuring there are no signs that surrounding tissues are damaged or infected. In case of complicated appendicitis managed by an emergency open appendectomy,
884:
However, because the appendix can be filled with fecal material, causing intraluminal distention, this criterion has shown limited utility in more recent meta-analyses. This is as opposed to ultrasound, in which the wall of the appendix can be more easily distinguished from intraluminal feces. In
484:
in rising frequencies of appendicitis as well as the other aforementioned colonic diseases in these communities. And acute appendicitis has been shown to occur antecedent to cancer in the colon and rectum. Several studies offer evidence that a low fiber intake is involved in the pathogenesis of
4574:
Burke LM, Bashir MR, Miller FH, Siegelman ES, Brown M, Alobaidy M, Jaffe TA, Hussain SM, Palmer SL, Garon BL, Oto A, Reinhold C, Ascher SM, Demulder DK, Thomas S, Best S, Borer J, Zhao K, Pinel-Giroux F, De
Oliveira I, Resende D, Semelka RC (November 2015). "Magnetic resonance imaging of acute
459:
has attracted attention since their presence in people with appendicitis is higher in developed than in developing countries. In addition an appendiceal fecalith is commonly associated with complicated appendicitis. Fecal stasis and arrest may play a role, as demonstrated by people with acute
1830:
An unusual complication of an appendectomy is "stump appendicitis": inflammation occurs in the remnant appendiceal stump left after a prior incomplete appendectomy. Stump appendicitis can occur months to years after initial appendectomy and can be identified with imaging modalities such as
1574:
is present. Surgery is the standard management approach for acute appendicitis; however, the 2011 Cochrane review comparing appendectomy with antibiotics treatments has been withdrawn due to inclusion of a retracted article and not updated since. While 51% of patients who were treated with
1741:
procedures.) The risks are different depending on the state of the appendix. If the appendix has not ruptured, the complication rate is only about 3% but if the appendix has ruptured, the complication rate rises to almost 59%. The most usual complications that can occur are pneumonia,
885:
such scenarios, ancillary features such as increased wall enhancement as compared to adjacent bowel and inflammation of the surrounding fat, or fat stranding, can be supportive of the diagnosis. However, their absence does not preclude it. In severe cases with perforation, an adjacent
1791:
The length of hospital stays for appendicitis varies on the severity of the condition. A study from the United States found that in 2010, the average appendicitis hospital stay was 1.8 days. For stays where the person's appendix had ruptured, the average length of stay was 5.2 days.
5123:
Harnoss JC, Zelienka I, Probst P, Grummich K, MĂĽller-Lantzsch C, Harnoss JM, Ulrich A, BĂĽchler MW, Diener MK (May 2017). "Antibiotics Versus
Surgical Therapy for Uncomplicated Appendicitis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials (PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015016882)".
1852:
in 1886, leading to standardized diagnosis and treatment, including
Charles McBurney's identification of McBurney's point. Modern appendectomy techniques evolved in the early 20th century, coinciding with advancements in pathology, notably demonstrated by Ludwig Aschoff in 1908.
559:
Atypical histories lack this typical progression and may include pain in the right lower quadrant as an initial symptom. Irritation of the peritoneum (inside lining of the abdominal wall) can lead to increased pain on movement, or jolting, for example going over
2019:
In the United States, there were nearly 293,000 hospitalizations involving appendicitis in 2010. Appendicitis is one of the most frequent diagnoses for emergency department visits resulting in hospitalization among children ages 5–17 years in the United States.
1848:. Clinical understanding progressed in the 18th and 19th centuries, marked by Lorenz Heister's autopsy findings, Claudius Aymand's surgical intervention, and J. Mestivier's operation for appendicitis. The term "appendicitis" was coined by the American physician
268:
834:
1788:
the appendix did not rupture. It is important that people undergoing surgery respect their doctor's advice and limit their physical activity so the tissues can heal. Recovery after an appendectomy may not require diet changes or a lifestyle change.
1811:
occurs. Recovery time depends on age, condition, complications, and other circumstances, including the amount of alcohol consumption, but usually is between 10 and 28 days. For young children (around ten years old), the recovery takes three weeks.
793:
1839:
The history of appendicitis traces back to ancient medical texts, though its clear clinical understanding emerged in the 19th century. Berengario da Carpi provided the first recorded description of the appendix in the 16th century, followed by
932:
In general, plain abdominal radiography (PAR) is not useful in making the diagnosis of appendicitis and should not be routinely obtained from a person being evaluated for appendicitis. Plain abdominal films may be useful for the detection of
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6250:
1662:
abdominal drainage (a temporary tube from the abdomen to the outside to avoid abscess formation) may be inserted, but this may increase the hospital stay. The surgeon will start closing the incision. This means sewing the muscles and using
4014:
Krishnamoorthi R, Ramarajan N, Wang NE, Newman B, Rubesova E, Mueller CM, Barth RA (April 2011). "Effectiveness of a staged US and CT protocol for the diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis: reducing radiation exposure in the age of ALARA".
266:
265:
263:
320:
The presentation of acute appendicitis includes acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. As the appendix becomes more swollen and inflamed, it begins to irritate the adjoining abdominal wall. This leads the pain to localize at
778:
visualizing the appendix technically difficult. Despite these limitations, sonographic imaging with experienced hands can often distinguish between appendicitis and other diseases with similar symptoms. Some of these conditions include
267:
463:
The occurrence of a fecalith in the appendix was thought to be attributed to a right-sided fecal retention reservoir in the colon and a prolonged transit time. However, a prolonged transit time was not observed in subsequent studies.
797:
796:
798:
264:
345:, distended with gas, protects the inflamed appendix from pressure. Similarly, if the appendix lies entirely within the pelvis, there is typically a complete absence of abdominal rigidity. In such cases, a digital
1578:
Using antibiotics to prevent potential postoperative complications in emergency appendectomy procedures is recommended, and the antibiotics are effective when given to a person before, during, or after surgery.
4645:
Boleslawski E, Panis Y, Benoist S, Denet C, Mariani P, Valleur P (March 1999). "Plain abdominal radiography as a routine procedure for acute abdominal pain of the right lower quadrant: prospective evaluation".
4451:
Garcia K, Hernanz-Schulman M, Bennett DL, Morrow SE, Yu C, Kan JH (February 2009). "Suspected appendicitis in children: diagnostic importance of normal abdominopelvic CT findings with nonvisualized appendix".
1570:. While antibiotics are safe and effective for treating uncomplicated appendicitis, 26% of people had a recurrence within a year and required an eventual appendectomy. Antibiotics are less effective if an
4050:
Wan MJ, Krahn M, Ungar WJ, Caku E, Sung L, Medina LS, Doria AS (February 2009). "Acute appendicitis in young children: cost-effectiveness of US versus CT in diagnosis – a Markov decision analytic model".
795:
1144:
2424:"Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015"
956:
has proven to be a poor diagnostic tool for appendicitis. While failure of the appendix to fill during a barium enema has been associated with appendicitis, up to 20% of normal appendices do not fill.
714:
is important for ruling out a urinary tract infection as the cause of abdominal pain. The presence of more than 20 WBC per high-power field in the urine is more suggestive of a urinary tract disorder.
1767:
In most cases, patients going in for surgery experience nausea or vomiting that require medication before surgery. Antibiotics, along with pain medication, may be administered before appendectomies.
1653:
to keep the muscles completely relaxed and to keep the person unconscious. The incision is two to three inches (76 mm) long, and it is made in the right lower abdomen, several inches above the
7226:
2370:"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015"
707:
will be ordered by the doctor to find out if there are any further causes of inflammation. The C-reactive protein/albumin (CRP/ALB) ratio can be a reliable predictor of complicated appendicitis.
700:. Delta-neutrophil index (DNI) is a valuable parameter that helps in the diagnosis of histologically normal appendicitis and distinguishing between simple and complicated appendicitis.
786:
near the appendix or pain originating from other pelvic organs such as the ovaries or
Fallopian tubes. Ultrasounds may be either done by the radiology department or by the emergency physician.
1132:
6067:"Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013"
730:
CT scan being a legitimate follow-up if the ultrasound is inconclusive. CT scan is more accurate than ultrasound for the diagnosis of appendicitis in adults and adolescents. CT scan has a
4490:
Doria AS, Moineddin R, Kellenberger CJ, Epelman M, Beyene J, Schuh S, Babyn PS, Dick PT (October 2006). "US or CT for
Diagnosis of Appendicitis in Children and Adults? A Meta-Analysis".
1637:. Appendectomy can be performed through open or laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic appendectomy has several advantages over open appendectomy as an intervention for acute appendicitis.
4794:
Lee WS, Choi ST, Lee JN, Kim KK, Park YH, Baek JH (2011). "A retrospective clinicopathological analysis of appendiceal tumors from 3,744 appendectomies: a single-institution study".
4927:
3902:
Zhao, X., Yang, J. and Li, J. (2023) The predictive value of the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in adult patients with complicated appendicitis. Journal of
Laboratory Medicine.
3046:
Raahave D, Christensen E, Moeller H, Kirkeby LT, Loud FB, Knudsen LL (February 2007). "Origin of acute appendicitis: fecal retention in colonic reservoirs: a case control study".
4086:
Terasawa T, Blackmore CC, Bent S, Kohlwes RJ (October 2004). "Systematic review: computed tomography and ultrasonography to detect acute appendicitis in adults and adolescents".
696:
demonstrates a high degree of accuracy in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and distinguishes complicated appendicitis from the simple one. 75–78 percent of the patients have
3990:
822:
6404:
4710:
Kulik DM, Uleryk EM, Maguire JL (January 2013). "Does this child have appendicitis? A systematic review of clinical prediction rules for children with acute abdominal pain".
5821:
Ingraham AM, Cohen ME, Bilimoria KY, Ko CY, Hall BL, Russell TR, Nathens AB (September 2010). "Effect of delay to operation on outcomes in adults with acute appendicitis".
4353:"Increasing utilization of abdominal CT in the Emergency Department of a secondary care center: does it produce better outcomes in caring for pediatric surgical patients?"
485:
appendicitis. This low intake of dietary fiber is in accordance with the occurrence of a right-sided fecal reservoir and the fact that dietary fiber reduces transit time.
4610:
Rao PM, Rhea JT, Rao JA, Conn AK (July 1999). "Plain abdominal radiography in clinically suspected appendicitis: diagnostic yield, resource use, and comparison with CT".
6908:
689:
may not alone represent a solid indicator of appendicitis but rather an inflammation but the neutrophil ratio was more sensitive and specific for acute appendicitis.
1815:
The possibility of peritonitis is the reason why acute appendicitis warrants rapid evaluation and treatment. People with suspected appendicitis may have to undergo a
262:
881:, while indirect features can either increase or decrease sensitivity and specificity. A size of over 6 mm is both 95% sensitive and specific for appendicitis.
810:
5717:"Outcomes of Transumbilical Laparoscopic-Assisted Appendectomy and Conventional Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Acute Pediatric Appendicitis in a Single Institution"
1764:
The surgeon will explain how long the recovery process should take. Abdomen hair is usually removed to avoid complications that may appear regarding the incision.
2318:"Safety and efficacy of antibiotics compared with appendicectomy for treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials"
476:
was exceedingly rare in communities where appendicitis itself was rare or absent, such as various
African communities. Studies have implicated a transition to a
5807:
2576:
2289:
4226:
Lee SH, Yun SJ (April 2019). "Diagnostic performance of emergency physician-performed point-of-care ultrasonography for acute appendicitis: A meta-analysis".
1114:
392:
and swells. This continued production of mucus leads to increased pressures within the lumen and the walls of the appendix. The increased pressure results in
6503:
655:
upwards (counterclockwise along the colon). The thought is there will be increased pressure around the appendix by pushing bowel contents and air toward the
1819:. Appendectomies have occasionally been performed in emergency conditions (i.e., not in a proper hospital) when a timely medical evacuation was impossible.
3764:"The clinical value of leucocyte count and neutrophil percentage in diagnosing uncomplicated (simple) appendicitis and predicting complicated appendicitis"
6542:
6123:
5281:
794:
6222:
6008:
5060:
3208:
Burkitt DP, Walker AR, Painter NS (December 1972). "Effect of dietary fibre on stools and the transit-times, and its role in the causation of disease".
1753:. Evidence indicates that a delay in obtaining surgery after admission results in no measurable difference in outcomes to the person with appendicitis.
4694:
597:: Increased pain on palpation at the right iliac region as the person being examined lies on their left side compared to when they lie on their back.
6207:
2136:
3691:
Rovsing N (1907). "Indirektes
Hervorrufen des typischen Schmerzes an McBurney's Punkt. Ein Beitrag zur diagnostik der Appendicitis und Typhlitis".
2023:
Adults presenting to the emergency department with a known family history of appendicitis are more likely to have this disease than those without.
629:: Developed in and popular in southwest England, the examiner performs a firm swish with their index and middle finger across the abdomen from the
210:. However, approximately 40% of people do not have these typical symptoms. Severe complications of a ruptured appendix include widespread, painful
6397:
1463:
can have signs and symptoms similar to those of appendicitis. Other obstetrical/ gynecological causes of similar abdominal pain in women include
964:
Several scoring systems have been developed to try to identify people who are likely to have appendicitis. The performance of scores such as the
229:, a calcified "stone" made of feces. Some studies show a correlation between appendicoliths and disease severity. Other factors such as inflamed
2183:
1203:
623:(Kosher's sign): From the person's medical history, the start of pain in the umbilical region with a subsequent shift to the right iliac region.
296:
may be equally effective in certain cases of non-ruptured appendicitis. It is one of the most common and significant causes of sudden abdominal
3382:
National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). (n.d.). Appendicitis – Diagnosis. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from
1449:
1090:
examination of appendectomy specimens is of value for identifying unsuspected pathologies requiring further postoperative management. Notably,
253:
The diagnosis of appendicitis is largely based on the person's signs and symptoms. In cases where the diagnosis is unclear, close observation,
3724:
Emil Samuel Perman 1856–1946 "About the indications for surgery in appendicitis and an account of cases of Sabbatsberg Hospital in Hygiea 1904
3323:
2726:"Antibiotics as first-line alternative to appendicectomy in adult appendicitis: 90-day follow-up from a prospective, multicentre cohort study"
2476:
Pieper R, Kager L, Tidefeldt U (1982). "Obstruction of appendix vermiformis causing acute appendicitis. An experimental study in the rabbit".
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5000:
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Jones MW, Lopez RA, Deppen JG. Appendicitis. . In: StatPearls . Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan. Available from:
901:. When patients are thin or younger, the relative absence of fat can make the appendix and surrounding fat stranding difficult to see.
681:(CBC) is done to check for signs of infection or inflammation. Although 70–90 percent of people with appendicitis may have an elevated
273:
6983:
6390:
2652:
1861:
1575:
antibiotics did not need an appendectomy three years after treatment, the cost effectiveness of surgery versus antibiotics is unclear
1417:
5680:
Siewert B, Raptopoulos V, Liu SI, Hodin RA, Davis RB, Rosen MP (November 2003). "CT predictors of failed laparoscopic appendectomy".
2945:"The prevalence of appendiceal fecaliths in patients with and without appendicitis. A comparative study from Canada and South Africa"
7655:
7502:
3972:
3243:
Adamidis D, Roma-Giannikou E, Karamolegou K, Tselalidou E, Constantopoulos A (May 2000). "Fiber intake and childhood appendicitis".
2032:
2016:
Appendicitis is most common between the ages of 5 and 40. In 2013, it resulted in 72,000 deaths globally, down from 88,000 in 1990.
230:
5282:"Comparing Surgery versus Antibiotics for Treating Adults with Uncomplicated Appendicitis - Evidence Update for Clinicians | PCORI"
6127:
5983:
Fitz RH (1886). "Perforating inflammation of the vermiform appendix with special reference to its early diagnosis and treatment".
1807:
Most people with appendicitis recover quickly after surgical treatment, but complications can occur if treatment is delayed or if
7400:
2070:
545:
322:
5074:
Sallinen V, Akl EA, You JJ, Agarwal A, Shoucair S, Vandvik PO, Agoritsas T, Heels-Ansdell D, Guyatt GH, Tikkinen KA (May 2016).
3740:
1421:
1386:
528:
pain associated with nausea, and anorexia, which can occur with or without vomiting and localized muscle stiffness/ generalized
7541:
7153:
7136:
6641:
6636:
6513:
858:
854:
A CT scan demonstrating acute appendicitis (note the appendix has a diameter of 17.1 mm and there is surrounding fat stranding)
576:
to present inconspicuous findings. Signs of inflammation become noticeable as the disease progresses. These signs may include:
6666:
2725:
7395:
7351:
7245:
7067:
1108:
Periappendicitis (inflammation of tissues around the appendix) is often found in conjunction with other abdominal pathology.
693:
7606:
3402:"Typical and Atypical Presentations of Appendicitis and Their Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment: A Literature Review"
292:). Surgery is essential to reduce the risk of complications or potential death associated with the rupture of the appendix.
7697:
7452:
5447:
4280:
3986:
3968:
2240:
Ferri's differential diagnosis: a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders
1929:
594:
3383:
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Laparoscopic-assisted transumbilical appendectomy scar on a pediatric patient. Anesthetic result one month after surgery.
7712:
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404:. At this point, spontaneous recovery rarely occurs. As the occlusion of blood vessels progresses, the appendix becomes
6575:
5998:
341:), even deep pressure in the right lower quadrant may fail to elicit tenderness (silent appendix). This is because the
1464:
620:
614:
6471:
5799:
5307:
5169:"Comparison of Antibiotic Therapy and Appendectomy for Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis in Children: A Meta-analysis"
2992:
Nitecki S, Karmeli R, Sarr MG (September 1990). "Appendiceal calculi and fecaliths as indications for appendectomy".
2560:
2273:
1396:
of a person initially suspected of having appendicitis because of right-sided pain. The CT shows in fact an enlarged
665:(Sitkovsky's sign): Increased pain in the right iliac region as the person is being examined lies on their left side.
521:, and order both laboratory and imaging tests. Appendicitis symptoms fall into two categories, typical and atypical.
5715:
Sekioka A, Takahashi T, Yamoto M, Miyake H, Fukumoto K, Nakaya K, Nomura A, Yamada Y, Urushihara N (December 2018).
685:, there are many other abdominal and pelvic conditions that can cause the WBC count to be elevated. However, a high
6941:
6870:
3679:
Physical signs classically associated with acute appendicitis include Rovsing sign, psoas sign, and obturator sign.
909:
420:
forms within and around the appendix (suppuration). The result is appendiceal rupture (a 'burst appendix') causing
7214:
7170:
7123:
6929:
6547:
6003:
3854:"Delta neutrophil index as an early predictor of acute appendicitis and acute complicated appendicitis in adults"
878:
766:
668:
Perman's sign: In acute appendicitis palpation in the left iliac fossa may produce pain in the right iliac fossa.
145:
7240:
4845:
Fink AS, Kosakowski CA, Hiatt JR, Cochran AJ (June 1990). "Periappendicitis is a significant clinical finding".
4138:"Ultrasound of paediatric appendicitis and its secondary sonographic signs: providing a more meaningful finding"
850:
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6508:
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6288:
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2780:
1796:
6478:
1925:
1413:
432:. These events are responsible for the slowly evolving abdominal pain and other commonly associated symptoms.
6219:
5052:
3805:"Accuracy of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children: A diagnostic study"
2908:
Dehghan A, Moaddab AH, Mozafarpour S (June 2011). "An unusual localization of trichobezoar in the appendix".
952:
can be identified in the right lower quadrant in fewer than 5% of people being evaluated for appendicitis. A
7485:
7262:
7003:
6795:
6454:
4691:
3400:
Echevarria S, Rauf F, Hussain N, Zaka H, Farwa UE, Ahsan N, Broomfield A, Akbar A, Khawaja UA (April 2023).
2870:
Hollerman J, Bernstein MA, Kottamasu SR, Sirr SA (1988). "Acute recurrent appendicitis with appendicolith".
1554:
1429:
941:
580:
98:
5847:
Delay of appendectomy for acute appendicitis in adults does not appear to adversely affect 30-day outcomes.
1625:
Laparoscopic view of a phlegmonous cecal appendix with fibrinous plaques, located in the right iliac fossa.
877:
The accurate diagnosis of appendicitis is multi-tiered, with the size of the appendix having the strongest
7707:
7565:
7289:
7272:
6682:
6656:
6532:
6483:
6444:
6422:
6414:
1517:
686:
682:
537:
316:(1), located two thirds the distance from the umbilicus (2) to the right anterior superior iliac spine (3)
128:
5862:
7497:
7405:
7366:
7294:
5590:"Abdominal drainage to prevent intra-peritoneal abscess after appendectomy for complicated appendicitis"
2151:
1521:
1018:
7416:
6597:
1775:
1346:
7536:
7480:
7301:
7197:
6780:
6775:
6609:
6527:
6493:
2214:
2037:
678:
662:
573:
518:
465:
7692:
7630:
7440:
7333:
7316:
7277:
7250:
7202:
7045:
7022:
7015:
6964:
6936:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6765:
6273:
3916:
3287:
2843:, Bowers WF (1937). "Significance of the obstructive factor in the genesis of acute appendicitis".
2137:"Acute and Suppurative Appendicitis: Disease Duration and its Implications for Quality Improvement"
1849:
1750:
1713:
1684:
1536:
1409:
1340:
Serosal and subserosal inflammation, no further than outer muscularis propria to be called isolated
937:
871:
743:
739:
735:
731:
651:: Pain in the lower right abdominal quadrant with continuous deep palpation starting from the left
533:
365:
350:
313:
133:
840:
A normal appendix without and with compression. Absence of compressibility indicates appendicitis.
7642:
7507:
7490:
7475:
7462:
7445:
7311:
6838:
6810:
6570:
6466:
6431:
5909:
5752:
5662:
5439:
5340:
5263:
5149:
5026:
5014:
4827:
4776:
4671:
4251:
4208:
4111:
3315:
3268:
3190:
1845:
1816:
1730:
1688:
1671:
1497:
1487:
1437:
1102:
993:
770:
704:
610:
529:
514:
469:
397:
385:
346:
207:
191:
91:
77:
6946:
6744:
4525:
D'Souza N, Hicks G, Beable R, Higginson A, Rud B (2021-12-14). Cochrane Colorectal Group (ed.).
1433:
1028:
588:
376:
334:
3710:
Dunster ES, Hunter JB, Sajous CE, Foster FP, Stragnell G, Klaunberg HJ, MartĂ-Ibáñez F (1922).
3650:
7620:
7601:
6974:
6339:
6299:
6172:
6096:
6047:
5901:
5838:
5744:
5736:
5697:
5654:
5619:
5567:
5541:
5492:
5431:
5389:
5332:
5255:
5237:
5198:
5141:
5105:
5006:
4996:
4965:
4905:
4897:
4862:
4819:
4811:
4768:
4727:
4663:
4627:
4592:
4556:
4507:
4469:
4433:
4382:
4333:
4315:
4243:
4167:
4103:
4068:
4032:
3950:
3885:
3834:
3785:
3656:
3626:
3601:
3571:
3531:
3482:
3433:
3360:
3307:
3260:
3225:
3182:
3147:
3112:
3063:
3028:
3001:
2974:
2925:
2887:
2822:
2755:
2703:
2644:
2607:
2566:
2536:
2485:
2455:
2401:
2347:
2279:
2243:
2206:
2110:
1460:
648:
626:
525:
114:
65:
4400:
Liu B, Ramalho M, AlObaidy M, Busireddy KK, Altun E, Kalubowila J, Semelka RC (August 2014).
349:
elicits tenderness in the rectovesical pouch. Coughing causes point tenderness in this area (
7667:
7587:
7582:
7572:
7434:
7306:
7234:
7052:
6959:
6954:
6884:
6843:
6651:
6616:
6162:
6154:
6086:
6078:
6039:
5944:
5928:
5891:
5830:
5770:
5728:
5689:
5646:
5609:
5601:
5531:
5523:
5482:
5474:
5423:
5379:
5371:
5322:
5245:
5229:
5188:
5180:
5133:
5095:
5087:
4988:
4957:
4889:
4854:
4803:
4758:
4719:
4655:
4619:
4584:
4546:
4538:
4499:
4461:
4423:
4413:
4372:
4364:
4323:
4307:
4235:
4198:
4157:
4149:
4133:
4099:
4095:
4060:
4024:
3940:
3932:
3875:
3865:
3824:
3816:
3775:
3521:
3513:
3472:
3464:
3423:
3413:
3350:
3299:
3252:
3217:
3174:
3139:
3102:
3094:
3055:
2964:
2956:
2917:
2879:
2852:
2814:
2745:
2737:
2693:
2685:
2633:
2526:
2516:
2505:"Hidden Appendicoliths and Their Impact on the Severity and Treatment of Acute Appendicitis"
2445:
2435:
2391:
2381:
2337:
2329:
2198:
2102:
1841:
1746:
1649:
During an open appendectomy, the person with suspected appendicitis is placed under general
1432:(abdominal pain in the absence of other symptoms can occur in children with UTI), new-onset
1161:
945:
916:, and there are no long-term studies to date regarding its potential risks or side effects.
656:
600:
541:
401:
370:
354:
247:
5360:"Antibiotics versus placebo for prevention of postoperative infection after appendicectomy"
4948:
Cunha BA, Pherez FM, Durie N (July 2010). "Swine influenza (H1N1) and acute appendicitis".
7625:
7555:
7421:
7356:
7321:
7192:
7057:
6993:
6895:
6814:
6805:
6755:
6695:
6580:
6557:
6226:
5866:
5076:"Meta-analysis of antibiotics versus appendicectomy for non-perforated acute appendicitis"
5038:
4698:
3981:
1780:
1667:
1663:
1540:
1468:
1405:
1157:
1091:
630:
584:
444:
440:
254:
222:
120:
70:
6382:
3852:
Shin DH, Cho YS, Cho GC, Ahn HC, Park SM, Lim SW, Oh YT, Cho JW, Park SO, Lee YH (2017).
3768:
Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi = Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery
2856:
2606:(9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division. 2010. pp. Chapter 30.
6115:
5250:
5217:
3428:
3401:
3303:
2531:
2504:
7662:
7577:
7131:
7104:
6969:
6904:
6900:
6790:
6760:
6167:
6091:
6066:
5614:
5589:
5536:
5511:
5487:
5462:
5384:
5359:
5308:"Efficacy and Safety of Nonoperative Treatment for Acute Appendicitis: A Meta-analysis"
5193:
5168:
5100:
5075:
4551:
4526:
4428:
4401:
4377:
4352:
4328:
4295:
4162:
4137:
3945:
3920:
3880:
3853:
3829:
3804:
3526:
3501:
3477:
3452:
3107:
3082:
2969:
2944:
2750:
2698:
2673:
2450:
2423:
2396:
2369:
2342:
2317:
2042:
1528:
1138:
Micrograph of appendicitis showing neutrophils in the muscularis propria. H&E stain
1087:
965:
924:
718:
636:
606:
510:
234:
195:
83:
6143:"Family History is a Predictor for Appendicitis in Adults in the Emergency Department"
6082:
4893:
4858:
4623:
3384:
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/appendicitis/diagnosis
3221:
2440:
2386:
2106:
2062:
7686:
7595:
7548:
7341:
7284:
7267:
7179:
6924:
6751:
6626:
6592:
6537:
5527:
5443:
5267:
5184:
4780:
3748:
3502:"Pain over speed bumps in diagnosis of acute appendicitis: diagnostic accuracy study"
3272:
3165:
Arnbjörnsson E (May 1982). "Acute appendicitis as a sign of a colorectal carcinoma".
3130:
Segal I, Walker AR (1982). "Diverticular disease in urban Africans in South Africa".
2960:
2883:
1725:
1571:
1501:
1493:
1480:
1476:
1397:
1390:
913:
481:
448:
141:
137:
6282:
6278:
6213:
5913:
5756:
5666:
5153:
5018:
4831:
4675:
4255:
4212:
4115:
3319:
3194:
1552:" is used to describe a condition mimicking appendicitis. It can be associated with
1483:(the passing of an egg in the ovaries approximately two weeks before menstruation).
7470:
7382:
7255:
7158:
7109:
7094:
7089:
7085:
6998:
6739:
6631:
6621:
6587:
6350:
6043:
5605:
5478:
5375:
5344:
5233:
4723:
4542:
4311:
4294:
Rud B, Vejborg TS, Rappeport ED, Reitsma JB, Wille-Jørgensen P (19 November 2019).
2674:"Diagnosing appendicitis: evidence-based review of the diagnostic approach in 2014"
2368:
GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (October 2016).
1737:
1634:
1613:
1605:
1600:
1532:
1513:
1509:
1441:
1049:
953:
893:
can be seen. Dense fluid layering in the pelvis can also result, related to either
779:
697:
477:
473:
460:
appendicitis having fewer bowel movements per week compared with healthy controls.
281:
187:
155:
3762:Şahbaz NA, Bat O, Kaya B, Ulukent SC, İlkgül Ö, Özgün MY, Akça Ö (November 2014).
1657:. Once the incision opens the abdomen cavity, and the appendix is identified, the
1124:
308:
284:. This procedure can be performed either through an open incision in the abdomen (
52:
17:
6293:
5461:
Jaschinski T, Mosch CG, Eikermann M, Neugebauer EA, Sauerland S (November 2018).
5137:
4961:
4187:"Sonographic diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children: a 3-year retrospective"
2689:
1729:(no food in the past six hours), general anaesthesia is usually used. Otherwise,
7650:
7412:
7390:
7221:
7141:
6785:
6686:
6439:
6334:
6158:
3549:
3500:
Ashdown HF, D'Souza N, Karim D, Stevens RJ, Huang A, Harnden A (December 2012).
1808:
1505:
1459:
Women: A pregnancy test is important for all women of childbearing age since an
1445:
1263:
Neutrophils in mucosa, submucosa and muscularis propria, potentially transmural.
1061:
982:
783:
774:
652:
421:
326:
289:
211:
159:
103:
6370:
6359:
6353:
6142:
5896:
5879:
5411:
4588:
4368:
4272:
4239:
3820:
3468:
754:
7426:
7099:
7077:
6722:
6661:
6365:
6356:
5834:
5693:
4992:
4807:
4503:
4465:
4064:
3870:
3256:
1756:
1721:
1717:
1709:
1650:
1120:
1098:
759:
711:
642:
561:
393:
293:
285:
6304:
5740:
5241:
4901:
4815:
4772:
4319:
3780:
3763:
333:). There is pain in the sudden release of deep tension in the lower abdomen (
7376:
7346:
7209:
7187:
7040:
6891:
6865:
6727:
6717:
6604:
6565:
6498:
6345:
6310:
6263:
6259:
5427:
5216:
Wilms IM, Suykerbuyk-de Hoog DE, de Visser DC, Janzing HM (1 October 2020).
4763:
4746:
4028:
1670:
to close the skin up. To prevent infections, the incision is covered with a
1453:
1425:
1233:
330:
238:
6176:
6100:
6051:
5905:
5842:
5748:
5716:
5701:
5650:
5623:
5496:
5435:
5393:
5336:
5327:
5259:
5202:
5145:
5109:
5010:
4969:
4909:
4823:
4731:
4631:
4596:
4560:
4511:
4473:
4437:
4386:
4337:
4247:
4171:
4107:
4072:
4036:
3954:
3936:
3903:
3889:
3838:
3789:
3649:
Wolfson AB, Cloutier RL, Hendey GW, Ling LJ, Schaider JJ, Rosen CL (2014).
3535:
3486:
3437:
3311:
3264:
3178:
3098:
3067:
3059:
2929:
2826:
2759:
2707:
2648:
2540:
2459:
2405:
2351:
2210:
564:. Atypical histories often require imaging with ultrasound or CT scanning.
288:) or using minimally invasive techniques with small incisions and cameras (
5732:
5658:
5545:
5412:"Analgesia for children with acute abdominal pain and diagnostic accuracy"
4866:
4667:
4418:
3364:
3229:
3186:
3151:
3116:
3032:
3005:
2978:
2921:
2891:
2741:
2489:
2114:
384:
Acute appendicitis seems to be the result of a primary obstruction of the
7010:
6988:
6700:
6216:
from the Merck Manual Professional (content last modified September 2007)
3418:
2818:
2202:
1654:
1588:
1472:
1150:
Acute suppurative appendicitis with perforation (at right). H&E stain
1007:
949:
886:
863:
549:
456:
452:
413:
409:
405:
242:
226:
203:
87:
4402:"Gastrointestinal imaging-practical magnetic resonance imaging approach"
3355:
3338:
2521:
1621:
948:, but these conditions are rarely confused with appendicitis. An opaque
7062:
6828:
6732:
6704:
6202:
5949:
5932:
4659:
4203:
4186:
2781:"Appendicitis: Surgical vs. Medical Treatment | Science-Based Medicine"
1658:
1630:
1567:
1393:
890:
503:
6242:
5721:
Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A
5091:
4747:"Importance of histopathological evaluation of appendectomy specimens"
4692:
APPENDICITIS from Townsend: Sabiston Textbook of Surgery on MD Consult
4527:"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis of acute appendicitis"
3517:
3143:
3019:
Arnbjörnsson E (1985). "Acute appendicitis related to faecal stasis".
2805:
Mason RJ (August 2008). "Surgery for appendicitis: is it necessary?".
2333:
2242:(2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Mosby. pp. Chapter A.
7528:
7146:
7032:
6254:
6197:
4924:"Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Symptoms; Diseases and Conditions"
4153:
2641:
Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Brief #159
2422:
GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (October 2016).
1742:
1710:
keeping the person who will be having surgery from eating or drinking
1003:
934:
436:
425:
215:
199:
107:
1304:
Transmural inflammation, obliterating normal histological structures
572:
During the early stages of appendicitis diagnosis, it is common for
4296:"Computed tomography for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adults"
6978:
6708:
3453:"Left-sided appendicitis in a patient with situs inversus totalis"
1924:
1860:
1774:
1755:
1620:
1612:
1604:
1385:
1038:
923:
898:
857:
849:
753:
553:
493:
429:
389:
375:
364:
342:
338:
307:
259:
6315:
6065:
GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators (January 2015).
5306:
Georgiou R, Eaton S, Stanton MP, Pierro A, Hall NJ (March 2017).
5218:"Appendectomy versus antibiotic treatment for acute appendicitis"
1783:
the day after having the appendix removed by laparoscopic surgery
388:. Once this obstruction occurs, the appendix becomes filled with
5564:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
4575:
appendicitis in pregnancy: a 5-year multi-institutional study".
329:. The abdominal wall becomes very sensitive to gentle pressure (
297:
6386:
1097:
Pathology diagnosis of appendicitis can be made by detecting a
677:
While there is no laboratory test specific for appendicitis, a
447:
and, most commonly, calcified fecal deposits that are known as
6120:
Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Statistical Brief #157
5566:. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Archived from
2278:(18th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. Chapter 300.
894:
417:
5858:
5463:"Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis"
3712:
International Record of Medicine and General Practice Clinics
2643:. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
1094:
is found incidentally in about 1% of appendectomy specimens.
968:
and the Pediatric Appendicitis Score, however, are variable.
60:
An acutely inflamed and enlarged appendix, sliced lengthwise.
5588:
Li Z, Li Z, Zhao L, Cheng Y, Cheng N, Deng Y (August 2021).
2565:(7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. Chapter 84.
866:
marked by the arrow that has resulted in acute appendicitis.
3747:. Clerkship Directors in Emergency Medicine. Archived from
2093:
Graffeo CS, Counselman FL (November 1996). "Appendicitis".
280:
The standard treatment for acute appendicitis involves the
5880:"Stump appendicitis: a comprehensive review of literature"
3919:, Liles EA, Perrin EM, Katznelson J, Rice HE (July 2007).
2943:
Jones BA, Demetriades D, Segal I, Burkitt DP (July 1985).
2672:
Shogilev DJ, Duus N, Odom SR, Shapiro NI (November 2014).
1716:
is used to hydrate the person who will be having surgery.
6214:
Appendicitis: Acute Abdomen and Surgical Gastroenterology
5167:
Huang L, Yin Y, Yang L, Wang C, Li Y, Zhou Z (May 2017).
603:: Increased pain in the right lower quadrant by coughing.
583:: Increased pain on palpation with a finger in the right
246:
the appendix rupturing, which releases bacteria into the
4185:
Reddan T, Corness J, Mengersen K, Harden F (June 2016).
225:
in the appendix. This blockage typically results from a
6141:
Drescher M, Marcotte S, Grant R, Staff I (2012-12-01).
4985:
Yersinia enterocolitica infection in diarrheal patients
4880:
Carr NJ (2000). "The pathology of acute appendicitis".
1932:
for appendicitis per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004.
1633:
procedure for the removal of the appendix is called an
337:). If the appendix is retrocecal (localized behind the
6116:
Overview of Children in the Emergency Department, 2010
3644:
3642:
3337:
Gear JS, Brodribb AJ, Ware A, Mann JI (January 1981).
221:
Appendicitis is primarily caused by a blockage of the
212:
inflammation of the inner lining of the abdominal wall
4983:
Zheng H, Sun Y, Lin S, Mao Z, Jiang B (August 2008).
3973:"Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question"
3652:
Harwood-Nuss' Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine
1827:
ultrasound. Medical management treats the condition.
524:
Typical appendicitis is characterized by a migratory
6232:
5358:
Andersen BR, Kallehave FL, Andersen HK (July 2005).
3598:
Atlas of Pediatric Surgery: Principles and Treatment
3561:
3559:
3557:
3245:
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
1795:
After surgery, the patient will be transferred to a
1368:
No changes conforming to other types of appendicitis
1222:
Neutrophils within mucosa, and possibly in submucosa
816:
Ultrasound showing appendicitis and an appendicolith
804:
Ultrasound showing appendicitis and an appendicolith
7641:
7527:
7520:
7461:
7375:
7332:
7178:
7169:
7122:
7076:
7031:
6917:
6804:
6694:
6681:
6556:
6430:
6421:
6325:
6236:
6114:Wier LM, Yu H, Owens PL, Washington R (June 2013).
2634:"Trends in Rates of Perforated Appendix, 2001–2010"
173:
165:
151:
127:
113:
97:
76:
64:
42:
37:
1086:Even for clinically certain appendicitis, routine
2311:
2309:
2307:
2182:Paulson EK, Kalady MF, Pappas TN (January 2003).
1695:Laparoscopic-assisted transumbilical appendectomy
1400:that reaches the right lower part of the abdomen.
1352:If isolated, probably secondary to other disease
548:, loss of appetite for food, nausea, unsustained
5637:Semm K (March 1983). "Endoscopic appendectomy".
1865:Appendicitis deaths per million persons in 2012
1284:Can be presumed to be primary cause of symptoms
5966:"The early days in the history of appendectomy"
2667:
2665:
2562:Emergency medicine: a comprehensive study guide
1375:Possibly parasitic, or eosinophilic enteritis.
250:, potentially leading to severe complications.
6208:Appendicitis, history, diagnosis and treatment
2632:Barrett ML, Hines AL, Andrews RM (July 2013).
2627:
2625:
2623:
1156:Classification of acute appendicitis based on
828:Ultrasound of a normal appendix for comparison
6398:
4577:American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
4127:
4125:
3803:Prasetya D, Rochadi, Gunadi (December 2019).
3550:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493193/
8:
6504:Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction
6220:Appendicitis – Symptoms Causes and Treatment
6203:CT of the abdomen showing acute appendicitis
6030:Ellis H (March 2012). "Acute appendicitis".
5800:"'Emergency' appendix surgery can wait: MDs"
2719:
2717:
2363:
2361:
2316:Varadhan KK, Neal KR, Lobo DN (April 2012).
1365:>10 eosinophils/mm in muscularis propria.
762:image of acute appendicitis in December 2008
532:. It is possible the pain could localize to
509:The physician will ask questions to get the
5878:Liang MK, Lo HG, Marks JL (February 2006).
5859:Appendicitis surgery, removal and reco very
5594:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
5467:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
5364:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
5222:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4796:International Journal of Colorectal Disease
4687:
4685:
4300:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3621:Virgilio Cd, Frank PN, Grigorian A (2015).
2598:
2596:
2594:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2471:
2469:
2417:
2415:
2184:"Clinical practice. Suspected appendicitis"
2095:Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
1566:Acute appendicitis is typically managed by
1333:Serosa may be congested, dull and exudative
1253:Fibropurulent serosal exudate in late cases
416:begin to leak out through the dying walls,
7524:
7175:
6691:
6543:Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis
6427:
6405:
6391:
6383:
6233:
6124:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
5999:"WHO Disease and injury country estimates"
5405:
5403:
4612:The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
4485:
4483:
4228:The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
3395:
3393:
3391:
2872:The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
2275:Harrison's principles of internal medicine
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
1712:for a given period, usually overnight. An
1700:very good surgical and aesthetic results.
51:
34:
6166:
6090:
5948:
5933:"Stumped? It could be stump appendicitis"
5927:Reddan T, Corness J, Powell J, Harden F,
5895:
5613:
5535:
5486:
5383:
5326:
5249:
5192:
5099:
4762:
4550:
4427:
4417:
4376:
4357:Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research
4327:
4267:
4265:
4202:
4161:
3944:
3879:
3869:
3828:
3779:
3525:
3476:
3427:
3417:
3354:
3288:"Appendicectomy – becoming a rare event?"
3106:
2968:
2749:
2697:
2678:The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
2530:
2520:
2503:Dölling M, Rahimli M, Pachmann J (2024).
2449:
2439:
2395:
2385:
2341:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
1609:Inflamed appendix removal by open surgery
282:surgical removal of the inflamed appendix
5985:American Journal of the Medical Sciences
4351:Kim Y, Kang G, Moon SB (November 2014).
3904:https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2023-0069
3714:. New York Medical Journal. p. 663.
3451:Oh JS, Kim KW, Cho HJ (September 2012).
3378:
3376:
3374:
1197:No ulceration or transmural inflammation
1154:
974:
194:. Symptoms commonly include right lower
5410:Anderson M, Collins E (November 2008).
4531:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4100:10.7326/0003-4819-141-7-200410050-00011
3734:
3732:
3730:
3655:. Wolters Kluwer Health. p. 5810.
3591:
3589:
3587:
2910:The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology
2054:
1110:
788:
738:of 95%. Ultrasonography had an overall
5034:
5024:
3980:Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the
3669:from the original on 10 September 2017
3457:Journal of the Korean Surgical Society
1450:distal intestinal obstruction syndrome
1123:of appendicitis and periappendicitis.
633:to the left and the right iliac fossa.
6771:Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
6147:Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
6011:from the original on 11 November 2020
4142:Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences
2903:
2901:
2579:from the original on 22 December 2016
659:provoking right-sided abdominal pain.
7:
6032:British Journal of Hospital Medicine
3921:"Does this child have appendicitis?"
2994:Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics
2857:10.1001/archsurg.1937.01190090121006
2272:Longo DL, et al., eds. (2012).
1289:Gangrenous/necrotizing appendicitis
928:Appendicolith as seen on plain X-ray
400:of the small vessels, and stasis of
4273:"UOTW #45 - Ultrasound of the Week"
3996:from the original on April 16, 2012
3304:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143501.x
3021:Annales Chirurgiae et Gynaecologiae
2191:The New England Journal of Medicine
705:C-reactive protein (CRP) blood test
5510:Berry J, Malt RA (November 1984).
4987:. Vol. 27. pp. 741–752.
3858:World Journal of Emergency Surgery
2292:from the original on 30 March 2016
1452:in children with cystic fibrosis;
498:CT scan showing acute appendicitis
25:
7656:Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
7503:Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
5512:"Appendicitis near its centenary"
694:neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
7401:Secondary sclerosing cholangitis
6130:from the original on 2013-12-03.
5810:from the original on 2016-06-30.
5528:10.1097/00000658-198411000-00002
5450:from the original on 2013-05-17.
5416:Archives of Disease in Childhood
5185:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0057
5063:from the original on 2020-10-25.
4712:Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
4283:from the original on 9 May 2017.
3600:(1st ed.). Cham: Springer.
3343:The British Journal of Nutrition
3326:from the original on 2006-08-26.
3292:The Medical Journal of Australia
2961:10.1097/00000658-198507000-00013
2658:from the original on 2016-10-20.
2604:Schwartz's principles of surgery
2073:from the original on 2013-12-30.
1736:Once the decision to perform an
1687:. Laparoscopic surgery requires
1345:
1315:
1277:
1202:
1186:Acute intraluminal inflammation
1143:
1131:
1113:
833:
821:
809:
791:
369:Location of the appendix in the
156:Surgical removal of the appendix
6642:Gastric antral vascular ectasia
6637:Portal hypertensive gastropathy
6514:Gastroesophageal reflux disease
5781:from the original on 2010-02-09
4930:from the original on 2015-05-07
4751:Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal
3339:"Fibre and bowel transit times"
3083:"The aetiology of appendicitis"
2724:Javanmard-Emamghissi H (2021).
1241:Suppurative acute appendicitis
870:Where it is readily available,
7396:Primary sclerosing cholangitis
7246:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
7068:Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome
6044:10.12968/hmed.2012.73.sup3.C46
5964:Rondelli D (22 January 2017).
5606:10.1002/14651858.CD010168.pub4
5479:10.1002/14651858.CD001546.pub4
5376:10.1002/14651858.CD001439.pub2
5234:10.1002/14651858.CD008359.pub3
5080:The British Journal of Surgery
4882:Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
4724:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.09.004
4543:10.1002/14651858.CD012028.pub2
4312:10.1002/14651858.CD009977.pub2
3809:Annals of Medicine and Surgery
3286:Hugh TB, Hugh TJ (July 2001).
3087:The British Journal of Surgery
2730:The British Journal of Surgery
609:: The patient refuses to eat (
540:. The combination of migrated
1:
7453:Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
6083:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2
4894:10.1016/S1092-9134(00)90011-X
4859:10.1016/S0002-9610(06)80067-X
4624:10.1016/S0735-6757(99)90077-3
3987:American College of Radiology
3969:American College of Radiology
3566:Sachdeva A, Dutta AK (2012).
3222:10.1016/S0140-6736(72)92974-1
3081:Burkitt DP (September 1971).
2441:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1
2387:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6
2107:10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70273-x
1930:Disability-adjusted life year
1269:Commonly intramural abscesses
1048:High white blood cell count (
717:If the patient is a woman, a
472:was historically unknown and
435:The causative agents include
82:Periumbilical or right lower
7362:Postcholecystectomy syndrome
6881:Intestinal pseudoobstruction
6489:Esophageal motility disorder
5138:10.1097/SLA.0000000000002039
4962:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2010.04.004
3570:. JP Medical. p. 1432.
3167:Journal of Surgical Oncology
2884:10.1016/0735-6757(88)90105-2
2690:10.5811/westjem.2014.9.21568
2509:Journal of Clinical Medicine
2478:Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica
1720:given intravenously such as
1444:, and abdominal trauma from
1322:Will perforate if untreated
1310:Extensive mucosal ulceration
1297:Purple, green or black color
1272:Possibly vascular thrombosis
1029:Rebound abdominal tenderness
683:white blood cell (WBC) count
27:Inflammation of the appendix
6159:10.5811/westjem.2011.6.6679
4847:American Journal of Surgery
4088:Annals of Internal Medicine
2559:Tintinalli JE, ed. (2011).
1465:pelvic inflammatory disease
1456:in children with leukemia.
1214:Acuta mucosal inflammation
7731:
7347:Gallstone / Cholelithiasis
6871:Functional colonic disease
6667:Zollinger–Ellison syndrome
5897:10.1177/000313480607200214
4589:10.1016/j.ajog.2015.07.026
4406:World Journal of Radiology
4369:10.4174/astr.2014.87.5.239
4240:10.1016/j.ajem.2018.07.025
3821:10.1016/j.amsu.2019.10.013
3693:Zentralblatt fĂĽr Chirurgie
3469:10.4174/jkss.2012.83.3.175
2144:Permanente Medical Journal
1617:Laparoscopic appendectomy.
1598:
1587:Pain medications (such as
1531:, intestinal obstruction,
1357:Eosinophilic appendicitis
910:Magnetic resonance imaging
905:Magnetic resonance imaging
595:Bartomier-Michelson's sign
506:showing acute appendicitis
6548:Acute esophageal necrosis
6210:by Surgeons Net Education
6004:World Health Organization
5865:January 11, 2010, at the
5861:Retrieved on 2010-02-01
5835:10.1001/archsurg.2010.184
5694:10.1148/radiol.2292020825
4993:10.1007/s10096-008-0562-y
4808:10.1007/s00384-010-1124-1
4697:December 3, 2013, at the
4504:10.1148/radiol.2411050913
4466:10.1148/radiol.2502080624
4136:, Harden F (March 2016).
4065:10.1148/radiol.2502080100
3871:10.1186/s13017-017-0140-7
3625:. Springer. p. 215.
3257:10.1080/09637480050029647
1678:Laparoscopic appendectomy
1250:Congested surface vessels
1194:Only neutrophils in lumen
1060:Shift to left (segmented
879:positive predictive value
767:Abdominal ultrasonography
380:3D model of appendicitis.
146:abdominal aortic aneurysm
59:
50:
6647:Gastric dumping syndrome
6522:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
6509:Diffuse esophageal spasm
4648:World Journal of Surgery
3781:10.5505/tjtes.2014.75044
2785:sciencebasedmedicine.org
2135:Hobler K (Spring 1998).
2033:Deaths from appendicitis
1797:postanesthesia care unit
1708:The treatment begins by
1422:Henoch–Schönlein purpura
585:inferior lumbar triangle
323:the right lower quadrant
233:from a viral infection,
7263:Alcoholic liver disease
6796:Bile acid malabsorption
6740:Peptic (duodenal) ulcer
5775:Encyclopedia of Surgery
5428:10.1136/adc.2008.137174
4764:10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_19_17
4745:Abd Al-Fatah M (2017).
4029:10.1148/radiol.10100984
3745:CDEM Self Study Modules
1555:Yersinia enterocolitica
1430:urinary tract infection
1414:Meckel's diverticulitis
942:small bowel obstruction
534:the left lower quadrant
513:, assess the patient's
7273:Hepatic encephalopathy
6657:Buried bumper syndrome
6588:Peptic (gastric) ulcer
6472:Mallory–Weiss syndrome
6415:human digestive system
5651:10.1055/s-2007-1021466
5328:10.1542/peds.2016-3003
4277:Ultrasound of the Week
3937:10.1001/jama.298.4.438
3568:Advances in Pediatrics
3179:10.1002/jso.2930200105
3099:10.1002/bjs.1800580916
3060:10.1089/sur.2005.04250
2013:
1922:
1784:
1761:
1674:or surgical adhesive.
1626:
1618:
1610:
1518:rectus sheath hematoma
1500:, regional enteritis,
1401:
1382:Differential diagnosis
1266:Extensive inflammation
1181:Clinical significance
929:
867:
855:
763:
538:situs inversus totalis
499:
381:
373:
317:
277:
129:Differential diagnosis
104:Abdominal inflammation
7498:Pancreatic pseudocyst
7367:Porcelain gallbladder
6479:Zenker's diverticulum
5970:Hektoen International
5733:10.1089/lap.2018.0306
4419:10.4329/wjr.v6.i8.544
4132:Reddan T, Corness J,
3699:. Leipzig: 1257–1259.
2922:10.4318/tjg.2011.0232
1928:
1864:
1778:
1759:
1624:
1616:
1608:
1522:epiploic appendagitis
1389:
927:
861:
853:
757:
497:
457:obstructing fecaliths
379:
368:
311:
271:
7698:Diseases of appendix
7302:Hepatorenal syndrome
7241:Budd–Chiari syndrome
7198:Autoimmune hepatitis
7023:Intestinal adhesions
6781:Short bowel syndrome
6610:Functional dyspepsia
6528:Esophageal stricture
6494:Nutcracker esophagus
5884:The American Surgeon
3596:Al-Salem AH (2020).
3419:10.7759/cureus.37024
2819:10.1089/sur.2007.079
2434:(10053): 1459–1544.
2380:(10053): 1545–1602.
2203:10.1056/nejmcp013351
2010: more than 27.5
1685:surgical instruments
1398:inflamed gallbladder
1232:May be secondary to
679:complete blood count
581:Aure-Rozanova's sign
466:Diverticular disease
455:. The occurrence of
424:, which may lead to
235:intestinal parasites
7713:Medical emergencies
7441:Choledocholithiasis
7312:Metabolic disorders
7278:Acute liver failure
7251:Portal hypertension
7203:Alcoholic hepatitis
7046:Radiation proctitis
6965:Mesenteric ischemia
6937:Gastroenterocolitis
6766:Blind loop syndrome
6576:Ménétrier's disease
6484:Barrett's esophagus
6229:at Health N Surgery
5823:Archives of Surgery
3512:(dec14 14): e8012.
3356:10.1079/BJN19810078
3216:(7792): 1408–1412.
3048:Surgical Infections
2845:Archives of Surgery
2807:Surgical Infections
2742:10.1093/bjs/znab287
2522:10.3390/jcm13144166
2150:(2). Archived from
2069:. Merriam-Webster.
1944: less than 2.5
1850:Reginald Heber Fitz
1537:mesenteric ischemia
1410:mesenteric adenitis
1330:May be inapparent.
1244:May be inapparent.
1165:
977:
872:computed tomography
846:Computed tomography
587:(can be a positive
428:and in rare cases,
169:11.6 million (2015)
134:Mesenteric adenitis
119:Based on symptoms,
7616:Undefined location
7607:Grynfeltt–Lesshaft
7508:Pancreatic fistula
7491:Pancreatic abscess
7446:Biliary dyskinesia
7417:Mirizzi's syndrome
6918:Large and/or small
6598:Dieulafoy's lesion
6467:Boerhaave syndrome
6326:External resources
6225:2021-02-27 at the
5950:10.1002/sono.12098
4660:10.1007/pl00013181
4204:10.1002/sono.12068
3739:Gregory C (2010).
2067:Medical Dictionary
2014:
1923:
1846:Gabriele Falloppio
1817:medical evacuation
1785:
1762:
1731:spinal anaesthesia
1689:general anesthesia
1646:76 mm) long.
1627:
1619:
1611:
1549:pseudoappendicitis
1498:ulcerative colitis
1492:Adults: new-onset
1488:testicular torsion
1438:ulcerative colitis
1402:
1225:Mucosal ulceration
1155:
1103:muscularis propria
1101:infiltrate of the
1017:Right iliac fossa
975:
930:
868:
856:
771:doppler sonography
769:, preferably with
764:
544:pain to the right
500:
470:adenomatous polyps
439:, foreign bodies,
382:
374:
347:rectal examination
318:
304:Signs and symptoms
278:
208:decreased appetite
92:decreased appetite
18:Acute appendicitis
7680:
7679:
7676:
7675:
7516:
7515:
7118:
7117:
6975:Bowel obstruction
6677:
6676:
6380:
6379:
6077:(9963): 117–171.
5727:(12): 1548–1552.
5516:Annals of Surgery
5126:Annals of Surgery
5092:10.1002/bjs.10147
5002:978-0-9600805-6-4
4279:. 25 April 2015.
3662:978-1-4698-8948-1
3632:978-1-4939-1726-6
3607:978-3-030-29210-2
3577:978-93-5025-777-7
3518:10.1136/bmj.e8012
3144:10.1159/000198773
2949:Annals of Surgery
2736:(11): 1351–1359.
2613:978-0-07-154770-3
2572:978-0-07-174467-6
2334:10.1136/bmj.e2156
2285:978-0-07-174889-6
2249:978-0-323-07699-9
2238:Ferri FF (2010).
2038:Evan O'Neill Kane
1745:of the incision,
1641:Open appendectomy
1533:colonic carcinoma
1461:ectopic pregnancy
1379:
1378:
1327:Periappendicitis
1079:
1078:
799:
721:will be ordered.
663:Rosenstein's sign
617:for appendicitis)
526:right iliac fossa
269:
181:
180:
115:Diagnostic method
32:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
7720:
7668:Pneumoperitoneum
7525:
7435:Common bile duct
7317:Wilson's disease
7307:Peliosis hepatis
7176:
7053:Proctalgia fugax
6960:Abdominal angina
6885:Ogilvie syndrome
6834:Pseudomembranous
6692:
6652:Gastric volvulus
6617:Pyloric stenosis
6428:
6413:Diseases of the
6407:
6400:
6393:
6384:
6234:
6181:
6180:
6170:
6138:
6132:
6131:
6111:
6105:
6104:
6094:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6027:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6016:
5995:
5989:
5988:
5980:
5974:
5973:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5924:
5918:
5917:
5899:
5875:
5869:
5856:
5850:
5849:
5818:
5812:
5811:
5796:
5790:
5789:
5787:
5786:
5767:
5761:
5760:
5712:
5706:
5705:
5677:
5671:
5670:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5617:
5585:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5556:
5550:
5549:
5539:
5507:
5501:
5500:
5490:
5473:(11): CD001546.
5458:
5452:
5451:
5407:
5398:
5397:
5387:
5355:
5349:
5348:
5330:
5321:(3): e20163003.
5312:
5303:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5278:
5272:
5271:
5253:
5228:(10): CD008359.
5213:
5207:
5206:
5196:
5164:
5158:
5157:
5120:
5114:
5113:
5103:
5071:
5065:
5064:
5059:. 15 June 2020.
5057:health n surgery
5049:
5043:
5042:
5036:
5032:
5030:
5022:
4980:
4974:
4973:
4950:Heart & Lung
4945:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4935:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4842:
4836:
4835:
4791:
4785:
4784:
4766:
4742:
4736:
4735:
4707:
4701:
4689:
4680:
4679:
4642:
4636:
4635:
4607:
4601:
4600:
4571:
4565:
4564:
4554:
4537:(12): CD012028.
4522:
4516:
4515:
4487:
4478:
4477:
4448:
4442:
4441:
4431:
4421:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4380:
4348:
4342:
4341:
4331:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4269:
4260:
4259:
4223:
4217:
4216:
4206:
4182:
4176:
4175:
4165:
4154:10.1002/jmrs.154
4129:
4120:
4119:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4011:
4005:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3995:
3977:
3965:
3959:
3958:
3948:
3912:
3906:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3883:
3873:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3832:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3783:
3759:
3753:
3752:
3736:
3725:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3688:
3682:
3681:
3676:
3674:
3646:
3637:
3636:
3618:
3612:
3611:
3593:
3582:
3581:
3563:
3552:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3529:
3497:
3491:
3490:
3480:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3431:
3421:
3397:
3386:
3380:
3369:
3368:
3358:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3110:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3016:
3010:
3009:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2972:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2905:
2896:
2895:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2753:
2721:
2712:
2711:
2701:
2669:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2638:
2629:
2618:
2617:
2600:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2556:
2545:
2544:
2534:
2524:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2473:
2464:
2463:
2453:
2443:
2419:
2410:
2409:
2399:
2389:
2365:
2356:
2355:
2345:
2313:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2269:
2254:
2253:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2219:
2213:. Archived from
2188:
2179:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2156:
2141:
2132:
2119:
2118:
2090:
2075:
2074:
2059:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1842:Andreas Vesalius
1747:thrombophlebitis
1714:intravenous drip
1664:surgical staples
1551:
1550:
1475:, dysmenorrhea,
1349:
1319:
1281:
1256:Dilated appendix
1206:
1175:Light microscopy
1166:
1164:characteristics
1162:light microscopy
1147:
1135:
1117:
981:Migratory right
978:
946:perforated ulcer
899:enteric spillage
837:
825:
813:
801:
800:
673:Laboratory tests
657:ileocaecal valve
517:, do a complete
496:
371:digestive system
351:McBurney's point
314:McBurney's point
270:
248:abdominal cavity
55:
35:
21:
7730:
7729:
7723:
7722:
7721:
7719:
7718:
7717:
7703:General surgery
7683:
7682:
7681:
7672:
7637:
7626:Internal hernia
7512:
7457:
7422:Biliary fistula
7380:
7371:
7357:Adenomyomatosis
7352:Cholesterolosis
7328:
7322:Hemochromatosis
7193:Viral hepatitis
7165:
7114:
7072:
7058:Rectal prolapse
7027:
6994:Fecal impaction
6984:Intussusception
6947:Crohn's disease
6913:
6896:Toxic megacolon
6808:
6806:Large intestine
6800:
6745:Curling's ulcer
6698:
6696:Small intestine
6685:
6673:
6581:Gastroenteritis
6552:
6417:
6411:
6381:
6376:
6375:
6321:
6320:
6245:
6227:Wayback Machine
6190:
6185:
6184:
6140:
6139:
6135:
6113:
6112:
6108:
6064:
6063:
6059:
6029:
6028:
6024:
6014:
6012:
5997:
5996:
5992:
5982:
5981:
5977:
5963:
5962:
5958:
5926:
5925:
5921:
5877:
5876:
5872:
5867:Wayback Machine
5857:
5853:
5820:
5819:
5815:
5798:
5797:
5793:
5784:
5782:
5769:
5768:
5764:
5714:
5713:
5709:
5679:
5678:
5674:
5636:
5635:
5631:
5600:(8): CD010168.
5587:
5586:
5582:
5573:
5571:
5558:
5557:
5553:
5509:
5508:
5504:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5422:(11): 995–997.
5409:
5408:
5401:
5370:(3): CD001439.
5357:
5356:
5352:
5310:
5305:
5304:
5300:
5291:
5289:
5280:
5279:
5275:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5173:JAMA Pediatrics
5166:
5165:
5161:
5122:
5121:
5117:
5073:
5072:
5068:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5033:
5023:
5003:
4982:
4981:
4977:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4933:
4931:
4926:. Mayo Clinic.
4922:
4921:
4917:
4879:
4878:
4874:
4844:
4843:
4839:
4793:
4792:
4788:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4709:
4708:
4704:
4699:Wayback Machine
4690:
4683:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4583:(5): 693.e1–6.
4573:
4572:
4568:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4489:
4488:
4481:
4450:
4449:
4445:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4293:
4292:
4288:
4271:
4270:
4263:
4225:
4224:
4220:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4131:
4130:
4123:
4085:
4084:
4080:
4049:
4048:
4044:
4013:
4012:
4008:
3999:
3997:
3993:
3982:ABIM Foundation
3975:
3967:
3966:
3962:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3901:
3897:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3738:
3737:
3728:
3723:
3719:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3672:
3670:
3663:
3648:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3608:
3595:
3594:
3585:
3578:
3565:
3564:
3555:
3547:
3543:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3399:
3398:
3389:
3381:
3372:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3018:
3017:
3013:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2942:
2941:
2937:
2907:
2906:
2899:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2790:
2788:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2764:
2762:
2723:
2722:
2715:
2671:
2670:
2663:
2655:
2636:
2631:
2630:
2621:
2614:
2602:
2601:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2573:
2558:
2557:
2548:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2421:
2420:
2413:
2367:
2366:
2359:
2315:
2314:
2305:
2295:
2293:
2286:
2271:
2270:
2257:
2250:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2186:
2181:
2180:
2169:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2139:
2134:
2133:
2122:
2092:
2091:
2078:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2029:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1859:
1837:
1805:
1773:
1749:, bleeding and
1706:
1697:
1680:
1672:sterile bandage
1643:
1603:
1597:
1585:
1564:
1548:
1547:
1541:aortic aneurysm
1469:ovarian torsion
1434:Crohn's disease
1418:intussusception
1406:Gastroenteritis
1384:
1172:Gross pathology
1158:gross pathology
1151:
1148:
1139:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1092:appendix cancer
1084:
976:Alvarado score
962:
960:Scoring systems
922:
907:
848:
841:
838:
829:
826:
817:
814:
805:
802:
792:
752:
727:
675:
631:xiphoid process
589:Blumberg's sign
570:
536:in people with
507:
501:
494:
491:
363:
335:Blumberg's sign
306:
272:Video summary (
260:
255:medical imaging
231:lymphoid tissue
121:medical imaging
71:General surgery
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7728:
7727:
7724:
7716:
7715:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7685:
7684:
7678:
7677:
7674:
7673:
7671:
7670:
7665:
7663:Hemoperitoneum
7660:
7659:
7658:
7647:
7645:
7639:
7638:
7636:
7635:
7634:
7633:
7628:
7623:
7612:
7611:
7610:
7609:
7604:
7591:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7575:
7570:
7569:
7568:
7563:
7552:
7551:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7533:
7531:
7522:
7518:
7517:
7514:
7513:
7511:
7510:
7505:
7500:
7495:
7494:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7467:
7465:
7459:
7458:
7456:
7455:
7450:
7449:
7448:
7443:
7430:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7410:
7409:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7387:
7385:
7373:
7372:
7370:
7369:
7364:
7359:
7354:
7349:
7344:
7338:
7336:
7330:
7329:
7327:
7326:
7325:
7324:
7319:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7298:
7297:
7292:
7282:
7281:
7280:
7275:
7265:
7260:
7259:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7231:
7230:
7229:
7219:
7218:
7217:
7207:
7206:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7184:
7182:
7173:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7163:
7162:
7161:
7151:
7150:
7149:
7144:
7134:
7132:Blood in stool
7128:
7126:
7120:
7119:
7116:
7115:
7113:
7112:
7107:
7105:Anal dysplasia
7102:
7097:
7092:
7082:
7080:
7074:
7073:
7071:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7049:
7048:
7037:
7035:
7029:
7028:
7026:
7025:
7020:
7019:
7018:
7008:
7007:
7006:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6972:
6970:Angiodysplasia
6967:
6962:
6951:
6950:
6949:
6939:
6934:
6933:
6932:
6921:
6919:
6915:
6914:
6912:
6911:
6905:Diverticulosis
6901:Diverticulitis
6898:
6889:
6888:
6887:
6878:
6868:
6863:
6862:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6826:
6820:
6818:
6802:
6801:
6799:
6798:
6793:
6791:Milroy disease
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6761:Tropical sprue
6758:
6749:
6748:
6747:
6737:
6736:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6714:
6712:
6689:
6683:Lower GI tract
6679:
6678:
6675:
6674:
6672:
6671:
6670:
6669:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6613:
6612:
6602:
6601:
6600:
6595:
6585:
6584:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6562:
6560:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6519:
6518:
6517:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6475:
6474:
6469:
6459:
6458:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6436:
6434:
6425:
6423:Upper GI tract
6419:
6418:
6412:
6410:
6409:
6402:
6395:
6387:
6378:
6377:
6374:
6373:
6362:
6342:
6330:
6329:
6327:
6323:
6322:
6319:
6318:
6307:
6296:
6285:
6266:
6246:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6237:Classification
6231:
6230:
6217:
6211:
6205:
6200:
6189:
6188:External links
6186:
6183:
6182:
6153:(6): 468–471.
6133:
6106:
6057:
6022:
5990:
5987:(92): 321–346.
5975:
5956:
5919:
5890:(2): 162–166.
5870:
5851:
5829:(9): 886–892.
5813:
5806:. 2010-09-21.
5791:
5771:"Appendicitis"
5762:
5707:
5688:(2): 415–420.
5672:
5629:
5580:
5560:"Appendicitis"
5551:
5522:(5): 567–575.
5502:
5453:
5399:
5350:
5298:
5273:
5208:
5179:(5): 426–434.
5159:
5132:(5): 889–900.
5115:
5086:(6): 656–667.
5066:
5053:"appendicitis"
5044:
5035:|journal=
5001:
4975:
4956:(6): 544–546.
4940:
4915:
4872:
4853:(6): 564–568.
4837:
4802:(5): 617–621.
4786:
4737:
4702:
4681:
4654:(3): 262–264.
4637:
4618:(4): 325–328.
4602:
4566:
4517:
4479:
4460:(2): 531–537.
4443:
4412:(8): 544–566.
4392:
4363:(5): 239–244.
4343:
4286:
4261:
4234:(4): 696–705.
4218:
4177:
4121:
4094:(7): 537–546.
4078:
4059:(2): 378–386.
4042:
4023:(1): 231–239.
4006:
3960:
3931:(4): 438–451.
3907:
3895:
3844:
3795:
3774:(6): 423–426.
3754:
3751:on 2013-11-30.
3741:"Appendicitis"
3726:
3717:
3702:
3683:
3661:
3638:
3631:
3613:
3606:
3583:
3576:
3553:
3541:
3492:
3463:(3): 175–178.
3443:
3387:
3370:
3329:
3278:
3251:(3): 153–157.
3235:
3200:
3157:
3122:
3093:(9): 695–699.
3073:
3038:
3011:
3000:(3): 185–188.
2984:
2935:
2916:(3): 357–358.
2897:
2878:(6): 614–617.
2862:
2851:(3): 496–526.
2841:Wangensteen OH
2832:
2813:(4): 481–488.
2797:
2772:
2713:
2684:(7): 859–871.
2661:
2619:
2612:
2590:
2571:
2546:
2495:
2465:
2411:
2357:
2303:
2284:
2255:
2248:
2230:
2197:(3): 236–242.
2167:
2120:
2101:(4): 653–671.
2076:
2063:"appendicitis"
2053:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2043:Leonid Rogozov
2040:
2035:
2028:
2025:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1976:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1915:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1858:
1855:
1836:
1833:
1804:
1801:
1772:
1769:
1705:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1679:
1676:
1642:
1639:
1596:
1593:
1584:
1581:
1563:
1560:
1529:diverticulitis
1383:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:Necrotic areas
1305:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1209:Probably none
1207:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1130:
1128:
1119:
1112:
1088:histopathology
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1000:
999:
996:
990:
989:
986:
972:appendectomy.
966:Alvarado score
961:
958:
921:
918:
906:
903:
847:
844:
843:
842:
839:
832:
830:
827:
820:
818:
815:
808:
806:
803:
790:
751:
748:
726:
723:
719:pregnancy test
674:
671:
670:
669:
666:
660:
649:Rovsing's sign
646:
640:
637:Obturator sign
634:
627:Massouh's sign
624:
618:
607:Hamburger sign
604:
598:
592:
574:physical exams
569:
566:
546:lower quadrant
511:health history
502:
492:
490:
487:
449:appendicoliths
402:lymphatic flow
362:
359:
305:
302:
223:hollow portion
196:abdominal pain
179:
178:
175:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
153:
149:
148:
131:
125:
124:
117:
111:
110:
101:
95:
94:
84:abdominal pain
80:
74:
73:
68:
62:
61:
57:
56:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7726:
7725:
7714:
7711:
7709:
7708:Inflammations
7706:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7690:
7688:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7657:
7654:
7653:
7652:
7649:
7648:
7646:
7644:
7640:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7618:
7617:
7614:
7613:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7599:
7598:
7597:
7593:
7592:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7558:
7557:
7554:
7553:
7550:
7547:
7543:
7540:
7539:
7538:
7537:Diaphragmatic
7535:
7534:
7532:
7530:
7526:
7523:
7519:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7473:
7472:
7469:
7468:
7466:
7464:
7460:
7454:
7451:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7438:
7437:
7436:
7432:
7431:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7414:
7411:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7393:
7392:
7389:
7388:
7386:
7384:
7378:
7374:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7342:Cholecystitis
7340:
7339:
7337:
7335:
7331:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7314:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7287:
7286:
7285:Liver abscess
7283:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7270:
7269:
7268:Liver failure
7266:
7264:
7261:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7238:
7237:
7236:
7232:
7228:
7225:
7224:
7223:
7220:
7216:
7213:
7212:
7211:
7208:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7190:
7189:
7186:
7185:
7183:
7181:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7168:
7160:
7157:
7156:
7155:
7152:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7139:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7129:
7127:
7125:
7121:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7087:
7084:
7083:
7081:
7079:
7075:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7047:
7044:
7043:
7042:
7039:
7038:
7036:
7034:
7030:
7024:
7021:
7017:
7014:
7013:
7012:
7009:
7005:
7002:
7001:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6957:
6956:
6952:
6948:
6945:
6944:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6931:
6928:
6927:
6926:
6925:Enterocolitis
6923:
6922:
6920:
6916:
6910:
6906:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6893:
6890:
6886:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6873:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6831:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6812:
6807:
6803:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6753:
6752:Malabsorption
6750:
6746:
6743:
6742:
6741:
6738:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6720:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6706:
6702:
6697:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6684:
6680:
6668:
6665:
6664:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6627:Gastroparesis
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6611:
6608:
6607:
6606:
6603:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6593:Cushing ulcer
6591:
6590:
6589:
6586:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6568:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6561:
6559:
6555:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6538:Megaesophagus
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6523:
6520:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6491:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6464:
6463:
6460:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6442:
6441:
6438:
6437:
6435:
6433:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6408:
6403:
6401:
6396:
6394:
6389:
6388:
6385:
6372:
6368:
6367:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6355:
6352:
6348:
6347:
6343:
6341:
6337:
6336:
6332:
6331:
6328:
6324:
6317:
6313:
6312:
6308:
6306:
6302:
6301:
6297:
6295:
6291:
6290:
6286:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6265:
6261:
6257:
6256:
6252:
6248:
6247:
6244:
6239:
6235:
6228:
6224:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6187:
6178:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6160:
6156:
6152:
6148:
6144:
6137:
6134:
6129:
6125:
6121:
6117:
6110:
6107:
6102:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6084:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6061:
6058:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6041:
6038:(3): C46–48.
6037:
6033:
6026:
6023:
6010:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5994:
5991:
5986:
5979:
5976:
5971:
5967:
5960:
5957:
5951:
5946:
5942:
5938:
5934:
5930:
5923:
5920:
5915:
5911:
5907:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5889:
5885:
5881:
5874:
5871:
5868:
5864:
5860:
5855:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5832:
5828:
5824:
5817:
5814:
5809:
5805:
5801:
5795:
5792:
5780:
5776:
5772:
5766:
5763:
5758:
5754:
5750:
5746:
5742:
5738:
5734:
5730:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5711:
5708:
5703:
5699:
5695:
5691:
5687:
5683:
5676:
5673:
5668:
5664:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5640:
5633:
5630:
5625:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5607:
5603:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5584:
5581:
5570:on 2010-02-01
5569:
5565:
5561:
5555:
5552:
5547:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5506:
5503:
5498:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5457:
5454:
5449:
5445:
5441:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5406:
5404:
5400:
5395:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5361:
5354:
5351:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5309:
5302:
5299:
5287:
5286:www.pcori.org
5283:
5277:
5274:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5219:
5212:
5209:
5204:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5170:
5163:
5160:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5119:
5116:
5111:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5093:
5089:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5070:
5067:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5048:
5045:
5040:
5028:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5004:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4979:
4976:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4951:
4944:
4941:
4929:
4925:
4919:
4916:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4895:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4876:
4873:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4841:
4838:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4797:
4790:
4787:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4748:
4741:
4738:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4718:(1): 95–104.
4717:
4713:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4688:
4686:
4682:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4641:
4638:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4606:
4603:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4570:
4567:
4562:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4521:
4518:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4455:
4447:
4444:
4439:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4396:
4393:
4388:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4354:
4347:
4344:
4339:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4301:
4297:
4290:
4287:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4268:
4266:
4262:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4222:
4219:
4214:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4181:
4178:
4173:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4128:
4126:
4122:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4082:
4079:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4046:
4043:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4018:
4010:
4007:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3961:
3956:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3899:
3896:
3891:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3848:
3845:
3840:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3799:
3796:
3791:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3758:
3755:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3713:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3695:(in German).
3694:
3687:
3684:
3680:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3634:
3628:
3624:
3617:
3614:
3609:
3603:
3599:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3554:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3496:
3493:
3488:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3447:
3444:
3439:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3412:(4): e37024.
3411:
3407:
3403:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3366:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3333:
3330:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3282:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3204:
3201:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3161:
3158:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3126:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3077:
3074:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3042:
3039:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3015:
3012:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2988:
2985:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2939:
2936:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2866:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2801:
2798:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2542:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2499:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2245:
2241:
2234:
2231:
2220:on 2017-09-22
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2157:on 2021-03-06
2153:
2149:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2004: 25–27.5
1998: 22.5–25
1992: 20–22.5
1986: 17.5–20
1980: 15–17.5
1974: 12.5–15
1968: 10–12.5
1938: no data
1931:
1927:
1863:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1813:
1810:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1782:
1777:
1771:After surgery
1770:
1768:
1765:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1733:may be used.
1732:
1727:
1726:metronidazole
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1703:
1701:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1623:
1615:
1607:
1602:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1572:appendicolith
1569:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1508:, perforated
1507:
1503:
1502:cholecystitis
1499:
1495:
1494:Crohn disease
1490:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1481:Mittelschmerz
1478:
1477:endometriosis
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1381:
1374:
1372:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1360:None visible
1359:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1146:
1141:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1125:H&E stain
1122:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1081:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1002:
1001:
997:
995:
992:
991:
987:
984:
980:
979:
973:
969:
967:
959:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
936:
926:
919:
917:
915:
914:organogenesis
911:
904:
902:
900:
896:
892:
888:
882:
880:
875:
873:
865:
860:
852:
845:
836:
831:
824:
819:
812:
807:
789:
787:
785:
781:
776:
772:
768:
761:
756:
749:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
724:
722:
720:
715:
713:
708:
706:
701:
699:
695:
692:In children,
690:
688:
684:
680:
672:
667:
664:
661:
658:
654:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
628:
625:
622:
621:Kocher's sign
619:
616:
612:
608:
605:
602:
601:Dunphy's sign
599:
596:
593:
590:
586:
582:
579:
578:
577:
575:
567:
565:
563:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
522:
520:
519:physical exam
516:
512:
505:
488:
486:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
461:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:lymphadenitis
442:
438:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
378:
372:
367:
360:
358:
356:
355:Dunphy's sign
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
315:
310:
303:
301:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
275:
258:
256:
251:
249:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
177:50,100 (2015)
176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
157:
154:
150:
147:
143:
142:psoas abscess
139:
138:cholecystitis
135:
132:
130:
126:
123:, blood tests
122:
118:
116:
112:
109:
105:
102:
100:
99:Complications
96:
93:
89:
85:
81:
79:
75:
72:
69:
67:
63:
58:
54:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
7615:
7594:
7471:Pancreatitis
7433:
7383:biliary tree
7256:Nutmeg liver
7233:
7159:Hematochezia
7110:Pruritus ani
7095:Anal abscess
7090:Anal fistula
7086:Anal fissure
6999:Constipation
6953:
6824:Appendicitis
6823:
6632:Gastroptosis
6622:Achlorhydria
6461:
6450:Eosinophilic
6371:Appendicitis
6364:
6344:
6333:
6309:
6298:
6287:
6268:
6249:
6194:Appendicitis
6150:
6146:
6136:
6119:
6109:
6074:
6070:
6060:
6035:
6031:
6025:
6013:. Retrieved
6002:
5993:
5984:
5978:
5969:
5959:
5940:
5936:
5922:
5887:
5883:
5873:
5854:
5846:
5826:
5822:
5816:
5803:
5794:
5783:. Retrieved
5774:
5765:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5685:
5681:
5675:
5645:(2): 59–64.
5642:
5638:
5632:
5597:
5593:
5583:
5572:. Retrieved
5568:the original
5563:
5554:
5519:
5515:
5505:
5470:
5466:
5456:
5419:
5415:
5367:
5363:
5353:
5318:
5314:
5301:
5290:. Retrieved
5288:. 2024-05-06
5285:
5276:
5225:
5221:
5211:
5176:
5172:
5162:
5129:
5125:
5118:
5083:
5079:
5069:
5056:
5047:
4984:
4978:
4953:
4949:
4943:
4932:. Retrieved
4918:
4888:(1): 46–58.
4885:
4881:
4875:
4850:
4846:
4840:
4799:
4795:
4789:
4754:
4750:
4740:
4715:
4711:
4705:
4651:
4647:
4640:
4615:
4611:
4605:
4580:
4576:
4569:
4534:
4530:
4520:
4498:(1): 83–94.
4495:
4491:
4457:
4453:
4446:
4409:
4405:
4395:
4360:
4356:
4346:
4303:
4299:
4289:
4276:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4197:(3): 87–94.
4194:
4190:
4180:
4148:(1): 59–66.
4145:
4141:
4091:
4087:
4081:
4056:
4052:
4045:
4020:
4016:
4009:
3998:, retrieved
3979:
3963:
3928:
3924:
3910:
3898:
3861:
3857:
3847:
3812:
3808:
3798:
3771:
3767:
3757:
3749:the original
3744:
3720:
3711:
3705:
3696:
3692:
3686:
3678:
3671:. Retrieved
3651:
3622:
3616:
3597:
3567:
3544:
3509:
3505:
3495:
3460:
3456:
3446:
3409:
3405:
3349:(1): 77–82.
3346:
3342:
3332:
3295:
3291:
3281:
3248:
3244:
3238:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3173:(1): 17–20.
3170:
3166:
3160:
3138:(1): 42–46.
3135:
3131:
3125:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3054:(1): 55–62.
3051:
3047:
3041:
3027:(2): 90–93.
3024:
3020:
3014:
2997:
2993:
2987:
2955:(1): 80–82.
2952:
2948:
2938:
2913:
2909:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2848:
2844:
2835:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2789:. Retrieved
2787:. 2020-11-24
2784:
2775:
2763:. Retrieved
2733:
2729:
2681:
2677:
2640:
2603:
2581:. Retrieved
2561:
2515:(14): 4166.
2512:
2508:
2498:
2484:(1): 63–72.
2481:
2477:
2431:
2427:
2377:
2373:
2325:
2321:
2294:. Retrieved
2274:
2239:
2233:
2222:. Retrieved
2215:the original
2194:
2190:
2159:. Retrieved
2152:the original
2147:
2143:
2098:
2094:
2066:
2057:
2022:
2018:
2015:
1962: 7.5–10
1857:Epidemiology
1838:
1831:ultrasound.
1829:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1806:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1766:
1763:
1738:appendectomy
1735:
1707:
1698:
1681:
1648:
1644:
1635:appendectomy
1628:
1601:Appendectomy
1586:
1577:
1565:
1553:
1545:
1526:
1514:pancreatitis
1510:peptic ulcer
1491:
1485:
1458:
1442:pancreatitis
1403:
1294:Friable wall
1217:None visible
1189:None visible
1107:
1099:neutrophilic
1096:
1085:
1072:Total score
1050:leukocytosis
970:
963:
954:barium enema
931:
908:
883:
876:
869:
780:inflammation
765:
728:
716:
709:
702:
698:neutrophilia
691:
676:
571:
558:
556:is classic.
523:
508:
478:Western diet
474:colon cancer
462:
434:
383:
319:
312:Location of
279:
252:
220:
188:inflammation
184:Appendicitis
183:
182:
46:Epityphlitis
38:Appendicitis
29:
7651:Peritonitis
7413:Cholestasis
7391:Cholangitis
7334:Gallbladder
7222:Fatty liver
7142:Hematemesis
7124:GI bleeding
6930:Necrotizing
6859:Lymphocytic
6854:Collagenous
6849:Microscopic
6786:Steatorrhea
6687:Enteropathy
6533:Inlet patch
6455:Herpetiform
6440:Esophagitis
6335:MedlinePlus
5929:Mengersen K
4134:Mengersen K
2765:8 September
1956: 5–7.5
1950: 2.5–5
1919: 34–77
1913: 12–33
1809:peritonitis
1718:Antibiotics
1704:Pre-surgery
1506:renal colic
1446:child abuse
1247:Dull mucosa
1062:neutrophils
983:iliac fossa
784:lymph nodes
775:iliac fossa
744:specificity
740:sensitivity
736:specificity
732:sensitivity
653:iliac fossa
562:speed bumps
552:, and mild
422:peritonitis
327:iliac fossa
294:Antibiotics
290:laparoscopy
160:antibiotics
43:Other names
7693:Acute pain
7687:Categories
7643:Peritoneal
7621:Incisional
7542:Congenital
7486:Hereditary
7463:Pancreatic
7427:Haemobilia
7100:Hemorrhoid
7078:Anal canal
7016:Infectious
7004:Functional
6839:Ulcerative
6723:Duodenitis
6662:Gastrinoma
6366:Patient UK
6300:DiseasesDB
6122:(Report).
5937:Sonography
5785:2010-02-01
5574:2010-02-01
5315:Pediatrics
5292:2024-05-23
4934:2015-04-23
4191:Sonography
4000:August 17,
3917:Byerley JS
3915:Bundy DG,
3298:(1): 7–8.
2791:2022-11-04
2680:(Review).
2583:6 November
2296:6 November
2224:2017-11-01
2161:2016-10-26
2049:References
1907: 8–11
1722:cefuroxime
1651:anesthesia
1599:See also:
1562:Management
1546:The term "
1539:, leaking
1404:Children:
1121:Micrograph
1075:10 points
1019:tenderness
760:ultrasound
750:Ultrasound
742:of 86%, a
712:urinalysis
643:Psoas sign
394:thrombosis
353:), called
286:laparotomy
7631:Richter's
7588:Spigelian
7583:Obturator
7573:Umbilical
7406:Ascending
7377:Bile duct
7210:Cirrhosis
7188:Hepatitis
7171:Accessory
7041:Proctitis
6892:Megacolon
6866:Dysentery
6776:Whipple's
6728:Jejunitis
6718:Enteritis
6605:Dyspepsia
6566:Gastritis
6499:Achalasia
6432:Esophagus
6346:eMedicine
6311:SNOMED CT
5943:: 36–39.
5741:1557-9034
5682:Radiology
5639:Endoscopy
5444:219246210
5268:222168573
5242:1469-493X
5037:ignored (
5027:cite book
4902:1092-9134
4816:0179-1958
4781:202550141
4773:1687-1693
4757:(2): 97.
4492:Radiology
4454:Radiology
4320:1469-493X
4053:Radiology
4017:Radiology
3815:: 35–38.
3273:218989618
3132:Digestion
2328:: e2156.
1901: 5–7
1803:Prognosis
1751:adhesions
1527:Elderly:
1454:typhlitis
1426:pneumonia
1234:enteritis
1082:Pathology
1055:2 points
1023:2 points
687:WBC count
615:sensitive
542:umbilical
489:Diagnosis
480:lower in
453:fecaliths
408:and then
398:occlusion
331:palpation
239:gallstone
227:faecolith
166:Frequency
152:Treatment
66:Specialty
7561:Indirect
7556:Inguinal
7290:Pyogenic
7235:Vascular
7011:Diarrhea
6989:Volvulus
6955:Vascular
6894: /
6883: /
6844:Ischemic
6811:Appendix
6701:Duodenum
6571:Atrophic
6445:Candidal
6360:ped/2925
6354:emerg/41
6351:med/3430
6316:74400008
6223:Archived
6177:23359540
6128:Archived
6101:25530442
6052:22411604
6009:Archived
6007:. 2009.
5931:(2016).
5914:37041386
5906:16536249
5863:Archived
5843:20855760
5808:Archived
5804:CBC News
5779:Archived
5757:51941735
5749:30088968
5702:14595145
5667:45763958
5624:34402522
5497:30484855
5448:Archived
5436:18305071
5394:16034862
5337:28213607
5260:33001448
5251:10631378
5203:28346589
5154:41805607
5146:27759621
5110:26990957
5061:Archived
5019:23127869
5011:18575909
4970:20633930
4928:Archived
4910:10684382
4832:12566272
4824:21234578
4732:23177898
4695:Archived
4676:23733164
4632:10452424
4597:26215327
4561:34905621
4512:16928974
4474:19188320
4438:25170393
4387:25368849
4338:31743429
4281:Archived
4256:51677455
4248:30017693
4213:78306243
4172:27087976
4116:46371675
4108:15466771
4073:19098225
4037:21324843
3991:archived
3955:17652298
3890:28747992
3839:31687137
3790:25541921
3667:Archived
3536:23247977
3487:22977765
3438:37143626
3429:10152406
3324:Archived
3320:33795090
3312:11476215
3265:10945110
3195:30187238
3068:17381397
2930:21805435
2827:18687030
2760:34476484
2708:25493136
2653:Archived
2649:24199256
2577:Archived
2541:39064205
2532:11278186
2460:27733281
2406:27733282
2352:22491789
2290:Archived
2211:12529465
2071:Archived
2027:See also
1781:stitches
1668:stitches
1655:hip bone
1631:surgical
1589:morphine
1473:menarche
1424:, lobar
1067:1 point
1043:1 point
1033:1 point
1012:1 point
1008:vomiting
998:1 point
994:Anorexia
988:1 point
950:fecalith
935:ureteral
887:phlegmon
864:fecalith
746:of 81%.
734:of 94%,
611:anorexia
550:vomiting
530:guarding
515:symptoms
414:bacteria
410:necrotic
406:ischemic
386:appendix
204:vomiting
192:appendix
88:vomiting
78:Symptoms
7602:Petit's
7578:Femoral
7481:Chronic
7295:Amoebic
7063:Anismus
6829:Colitis
6756:Coeliac
6733:Ileitis
6705:Jejunum
6558:Stomach
6462:Rupture
6357:ped/127
6294:D001064
6168:3555584
6092:4340604
6015:Nov 11,
5659:6221925
5615:8407456
5546:6385879
5537:1250537
5488:6517145
5385:8407323
5345:2292989
5194:5470362
5101:5069642
4867:2349982
4668:9933697
4552:8670723
4429:4147436
4378:4217253
4329:6953397
4163:4775827
3946:2703737
3881:5525197
3830:6820073
3673:15 June
3623:Surgery
3527:3524367
3478:3433555
3365:6258626
3230:4118696
3187:7078180
3152:6813167
3117:4937032
3108:1598350
3033:2992354
3006:2385810
2979:2990360
2970:1250841
2892:3052484
2751:8499866
2699:4251237
2490:7136413
2451:5388903
2397:5055577
2343:3320713
2115:8921763
1895: 4
1889: 3
1883: 2
1877: 1
1871: 0
1835:History
1659:surgeon
1595:Surgery
1568:surgery
1394:CT scan
1391:Coronal
1169:Pattern
938:calculi
891:abscess
725:Imaging
613:is 80%
504:CT scan
437:bezoars
190:of the
7596:Lumbar
7566:Direct
7549:Hiatus
7529:Hernia
7381:Other
7147:Melena
7033:Rectum
6516:(GERD)
6340:000256
6198:Curlie
6175:
6165:
6099:
6089:
6071:Lancet
6050:
5912:
5904:
5841:
5755:
5747:
5739:
5700:
5665:
5657:
5622:
5612:
5544:
5534:
5495:
5485:
5442:
5434:
5392:
5382:
5343:
5335:
5266:
5258:
5248:
5240:
5201:
5191:
5152:
5144:
5108:
5098:
5017:
5009:
4999:
4968:
4908:
4900:
4865:
4830:
4822:
4814:
4779:
4771:
4730:
4674:
4666:
4630:
4595:
4559:
4549:
4510:
4472:
4436:
4426:
4385:
4375:
4336:
4326:
4318:
4306:(11).
4254:
4246:
4211:
4170:
4160:
4114:
4106:
4071:
4035:
3953:
3943:
3888:
3878:
3864:: 32.
3837:
3827:
3788:
3659:
3629:
3604:
3574:
3534:
3524:
3485:
3475:
3436:
3426:
3406:Cureus
3363:
3318:
3310:
3271:
3263:
3228:
3210:Lancet
3193:
3185:
3150:
3115:
3105:
3066:
3031:
3004:
2977:
2967:
2928:
2890:
2825:
2758:
2748:
2706:
2696:
2647:
2610:
2569:
2539:
2529:
2488:
2458:
2448:
2428:Lancet
2404:
2394:
2374:Lancet
2350:
2340:
2282:
2246:
2209:
2113:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1917:
1911:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1869:
1743:hernia
1479:, and
1004:Nausea
441:trauma
426:sepsis
361:Causes
274:script
243:tumors
216:sepsis
206:, and
200:nausea
174:Deaths
108:sepsis
7521:Other
7476:Acute
7227:MASLD
7180:Liver
7154:Lower
7137:Upper
6979:Ileus
6815:Colon
6709:Ileum
6524:(LPR)
5910:S2CID
5753:S2CID
5663:S2CID
5440:S2CID
5341:S2CID
5311:(PDF)
5264:S2CID
5150:S2CID
5015:S2CID
4828:S2CID
4777:S2CID
4672:S2CID
4252:S2CID
4209:S2CID
4112:S2CID
3994:(PDF)
3976:(PDF)
3316:S2CID
3269:S2CID
3191:S2CID
2656:(PDF)
2637:(PDF)
2218:(PDF)
2187:(PDF)
2155:(PDF)
2140:(PDF)
1486:Men:
1178:Image
1039:Fever
985:pain
944:, or
920:X-ray
568:Signs
554:fever
482:fiber
430:death
412:. As
390:mucus
343:cecum
339:cecum
241:, or
6909:SCAD
6289:MeSH
6274:9-CM
6173:PMID
6097:PMID
6048:PMID
6017:2009
5902:PMID
5839:PMID
5745:PMID
5737:ISSN
5698:PMID
5655:PMID
5620:PMID
5598:2021
5542:PMID
5493:PMID
5471:2018
5432:PMID
5390:PMID
5368:2009
5333:PMID
5256:PMID
5238:ISSN
5226:2020
5199:PMID
5142:PMID
5106:PMID
5039:help
5007:PMID
4997:ISBN
4966:PMID
4906:PMID
4898:ISSN
4863:PMID
4820:PMID
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