70:, is trying to implement, among other measures, the production and utilization of bio-based materials in many diverse sectors. Indeed, several European regulations, such as the European Industrial Strategy, the EU Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Initiative and the Circular Action Plan, emphasize bio-materials. These regulations aim to support
187:, as the term "bio-based" simply indicates the material origin. The term "organic" instead refers to the cultivation of plants or the keeping of the animals in compliance with the requirements of the European organic farming standard. Consequently, a bio-product can be both "bio-based" and "organic," but it is not necessarily so.
166:
In this regard, biodegradability does not support circularity unless biodegradable materials are recovered and processed by a system that can either recapture or upgrade their value. Ensuring a proper infrastructure for these materials to remain in the material management system, for instance through
224:
Moreover, manufacturing processes needed for the production of competitive bio-alternatives to fossil-based products might lead to higher energy consumptions or to "linear", non-circular, products. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain a critical mindset based on
97:
they're mostly constituted. Moreover, they can be differently manufactured, resulting in either simple or more complex engineered bio-products, which can be used for many applications. Among processed materials, it is possible to distinguish between bio-based
58:
Due to their main characteristics of being renewable and to their ability to store carbon over their growth, recent years assisted to their upsurge as a valid alternative compared to more traditional materials in view of climate mitigation.
162:
life cycle, but still, when manufactured, their structure is identical to their fossil-based counterparts. Therefore, these plastics, known as ‘drop-ins’, are not biodegradable, and should be recycled in existing recycling systems.
150:
By definition, biodegradable materials are formed or organic compounds which can thus be broken down by living organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, or water molds, and reabsorbed by the natural environment.
529:
Castellano, Giorgio; Paoletti, Ingrid Maria; Malighetti, Laura
Elisabetta; Carcassi, Olga Beatrice; Pradella, Federica; Pittau, Francesco (2023), Amziane, Sofiane; Merta, Ildiko; Page, Jonathan (eds.),
78:
where resources are used more efficiently. In this regard, the application of bio-based materials has been already tested on several market segments, ranging from the production of
217:. In this regard, in the European context many studies have been conducted to analyze the actual availability of land for the production of bio-materials, while bio-residues and
786:
Churkina, Galina; Organschi, Alan; Reyer, Christopher P. O.; Ruff, Andrew; Vinke, Kira; Liu, Zhu; Reck, Barbara K.; Graedel, T. E.; Schellnhuber, Hans
Joachim (2020-01-27).
835:"Utilization of corn cob, an essential agricultural residue difficult to disposal: Composite board manufactured improved thermal performance using microencapsulated PCM"
436:
229:
analysis, as some bio-products could require either extra material or processing to ensure the same quality, resulting necessarily in more energy consumption.
1025:
154:
Whether a material is biodegradable is determined by its chemical structure, not the origin of the material from which it is made. Indeed, the
551:
864:
Andrade, Maria
Carolina; Gorgulho Silva, Caio de Oliveira; de Souza Moreira, Leonora Rios; Ferreira Filho, Edivaldo Ximenes (2022-04-01).
905:"Development of Rice Husk and Sawdust Mycelium-Based Bio-composites: Optimization of Mechanical, Physical and Thermal Properties"
199:
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1061:
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is a material intentionally made, either wholly or partially, from substances derived from living (or once-living)
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326:"Recirculation: A New Concept to Drive Innovation in Sustainable Product Design for Bio-Based Products"
324:
Sherwood, James; Clark, James; Farmer, Thomas; Herrero-Davila, Lorenzo; Moity, Laurianne (2016-12-29).
730:
1223:
1120:
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Mbabali, Herman; Lubwama, Michael; Yiga, Vianney Andrew; Were, Evans; Kasedde, Hillary (2024-04-01).
799:
742:
1296:
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511:
172:
948:
Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
623:"Biodegradability | Definition, Process, Examples, Plastics, Composting, & Facts | Britannica"
202:
depends on a series of factors, related to the sourced material and to the amount and typology of
1227:
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123:
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67:
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944:"Life cycle assessment (LCA): informing the development of a sustainable circular bioeconomy?"
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576:"What Are The Categories Of Bio-Based Materials? What Is The Relevance To Carbon Emissions?"
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It is not given that bio-based materials always perform better than fossil-based materials.
75:
74:, investment, and market adoption of bio-materials while enhancing the transition towards a
1316:
1104:
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1057:
532:"Bio-based Solutions for the Retrofit of the Existing Building Stock: A Systematic Review"
127:
622:
531:
959:
942:
Sevigné-Itoiz, Eva; Mwabonje, Onesmus; Panoutsou, Calliope; Woods, Jeremy (2021-09-20).
866:"Crop residues: applications of lignocellulosic biomass in the context of a biorefinery"
803:
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1153:
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Choi, Ji Yong; Nam, Jihee; Yun, Beom Yeol; Kim, Young Uk; Kim, Sumin (September 2022).
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63:
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Göswein, Verena; Reichmann, Jana; Habert, Guillaume; Pittau, Francesco (2021-07-01).
203:
144:
40:
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285:"A review on recent research on bio-based building materials and their applications"
1270:
184:
850:
681:"Fact-or-Myth: Bio-based, organic, biodegradable. What are these terms all about?"
589:
Kefale, Girmaw
Yeshanbel; Kebede, Zerihun Teshome; Birlie, Alehegn Atalay (2023).
221:
coming from either the agro-industrial and forestry sectors are gaining interest.
543:
1308:
1276:
Basic material that is used to produce goods, energy, or intermediate materials
920:
731:"Land availability in Europe for a radical shift toward bio-based construction"
512:"Commission takes action to boost biotechnology and biomanufacturing in the EU"
301:
881:
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342:
71:
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591:"A Systematic Review on Potential Bio Leather Substitute for Natural Leather"
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processes the raw natural material need to undergo to become a bio-product.
83:
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One of the main factors influencing the sustainability of bio-materials is
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103:
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126:, bio-based composites. Unprocessed materials, instead, may be called
538:, vol. 45, Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 399–419,
48:
36:
32:
158:
benefits of drop-in biobased plastics occur at the beginning of the
218:
107:
52:
28:
387:"The Circular Economy of Carbon: The Role of Bio-Based Materials"
1007:
93:
Bio-based materials can differ depending on the origin of the
1003:
652:"Biobased vs. Biodegradable | Bioplastic Feedstock Alliance"
16:
Material made from substances derived from living organisms
909:
Journal of the
Institution of Engineers (India): Series D
90:, till the fabrication of full construction components.
283:
Bourbia, S.; Kazeoui, H.; Belarbi, R. (August 2023).
485:"Circular economy action plan - European Commission"
437:"European industrial strategy - European Commission"
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183:Similarly, bio-based materials are not necessarily
706:"Does 'biobased' always mean 'more sustainable'?"
134:Bio-based, organic, and bio-degradable materials
412:"Climate change mitigation: reducing emissions"
139:Bio-based materials vs. biodegradable materials
66:, which has set 2050 as a target date to reach
289:Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy
191:Bio-based materials vs. fossil-based materials
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213:, land competition for food production and
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465:European Commission - European Commission
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179:Bio-based materials vs. organic materials
62:In European context, more specifically,
258:Development, Office of Research &.
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175:, is thus considered to be essential.
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788:"Buildings as a global carbon sink"
147:, but this is not always the case.
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1112:Material by orientation or size
656:bioplasticfeedstockalliance.org
735:Sustainable Cities and Society
143:Bio-based materials are often
1:
1252:Certified reference materials
1062:Alternative natural materials
851:10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114931
839:Industrial Crops and Products
1293:Building insulation material
1170:Strongly correlated material
544:10.1007/978-3-031-33465-8_31
536:Bio-Based Building Materials
239:Bio-based building materials
1370:
1289:List of building materials
1078:Extraterrestrial materials
921:10.1007/s40033-023-00458-x
302:10.1007/s40243-023-00234-7
1327:
882:10.1007/s11708-021-0730-7
812:10.1038/s41893-019-0462-4
755:10.1016/j.scs.2021.102929
343:10.3390/molecules22010048
200:environmental performance
1240:Thermoelectric materials
1208:Special nuclear material
1174:Electroshapable material
489:environment.ec.europa.eu
1089:Materials by structure
968:10.1098/rsta.2020.0352
595:Journal of Engineering
1166:Hyperelastic material
1162:Self-healing material
1158:Phase-change material
1141:Materials by property
792:Nature Sustainability
227:Life Cycle Assessment
122:, bio-based material
106:, bio-based chemical
1313:List of biomaterials
1224:Combustible material
1121:Orthotropic material
608:10.1155/2023/1629174
441:commission.europa.eu
260:"BIOBASED MATERIALS"
1297:Structural material
1194:Mesoporous material
1186:Ultralight material
1181:Density or hardness
1042:Materials by origin
960:2021RSPTA.37900352S
870:Frontiers in Energy
804:2020NatSu...3..269C
747:2021SusCS..7002929G
173:anaerobic digestion
1283:Building materials
1235:Thermal properties
1228:Energetic material
1190:Superhard material
1149:Designed materials
1125:Nanophase material
1101:Composite material
1096:Combined materials
627:www.britannica.com
68:climate neutrality
21:bio-based material
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1330:Materials science
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1304:Use in human body
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1117:Layered materials
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1054:Natural materials
553:978-3-031-33464-1
416:www.eea.europa.eu
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1263:Materials by use
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393:. 2021-11-05
391:Human Spaces
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118:, bio-based
114:, bio-based
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102:, bio-based
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1049:From nature
167:industrial
1343:Categories
1073:From space
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715:2024-07-12
661:2024-07-12
632:2024-07-12
559:2024-07-12
494:2024-07-12
470:2024-07-12
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422:2024-07-12
397:2024-07-12
269:2023-08-21
245:References
169:composting
72:innovation
27:, such as
1035:Materials
976:1364-503X
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890:2095-1698
820:2398-9629
773:2210-6707
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336:(1): 48.
330:Molecules
311:2194-1459
124:additives
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80:chemicals
25:organisms
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370:28036077
233:See also
160:material
120:coatings
104:plastics
100:polymers
88:textiles
45:bacteria
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956:Bibcode
800:Bibcode
743:Bibcode
361:6155919
185:organic
112:leather
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