Knowledge (XXG)

Blepharophimosis

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condition characterised by blepharophimosis, ptosis (upper eyelid drooping), epicanthus inversus (skin folds by the nasal bridge, more prominent lower than upper lid) and telecanthus (widening of the distance between the inner corners of the eyelids). The nasal bridge is flat and there is a
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There are two known types, type 1 and type 2. Although research is limited, it is known that type 1 and 2 are expressed with the same symptoms mentioned above, but type 1 also has the characteristic of
1945: 224:"Premature ovarian insufficiency as a variable feature of blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome associated with c.223C > T p.(Leu75Phe) FOXL2 mutation: a case report" 1938: 2257: 106: 40: 64:
is a congenital anomaly in which the eyelids are underdeveloped such that they cannot open as far as usual and permanently cover part of the eyes. Both the vertical and horizontal
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Grzechocińska, Barbara; Warzecha, Damian; Wypchło, Maria; Ploski, Rafal; Wielgoś, Mirosław (2019-07-31).
1798: 1474: 1571: 1157: 1152: 1110: 925: 841: 68:(eyelid openings) are shortened; the eyes also appear spaced more widely apart as a result, known as 1930: 1961: 1876: 1750: 1550: 1433: 1425: 1213: 1177: 1162: 1017: 797: 577: 323: 85: 2030: 1487: 1237: 1145: 1069: 1022: 834: 770: 755: 615: 564: 110: 65: 88:(fold curving in the mediolateral direction, inferior to the inner canthus), low nasal bridge, 2052: 1830: 1727: 1492: 1352: 1135: 792: 698: 360: 263: 245: 81: 48: 1618: 1608: 1454: 1429: 1362: 1328: 1247: 878: 868: 765: 620: 497: 253: 235: 53: 2075: 1990: 1685: 1649: 1613: 1232: 1057: 1044: 978: 935: 853: 665: 597: 517: 502: 157: 89: 2227: 2173: 2168: 2114: 2099: 2091: 2081: 2071: 1915: 1767: 1712: 1555: 1323: 1252: 1034: 1004: 950: 904: 775: 648: 582: 572: 332: 328: 258: 223: 177: 2246: 2191: 1835: 1690: 1630: 1347: 1295: 1242: 1172: 1081: 968: 945: 873: 782: 587: 492: 119: 134:
symptoms in patients as young as 15 years old. This is due to the shortening of the
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Vignes (1889) probably first described this entity, a dysplasia of the eyelids.
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hypoplastic orbital rim. It may also be associated with lop ears,
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18-year-old female with blepharophimosis as a result of
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blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus syndrome
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Blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus syndrome
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blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus syndrome
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Congenital anomaly in which the eye openings are small
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telecanthus. 1101:Branch retinal artery occlusion 830:Terrien's marginal degeneration 128:premature ovarian insufficiency 1131:Bietti's crystalline dystrophy 1091:Central retinal vein occlusion 820:Pellucid marginal degeneration 1: 1184:Vitelliform macular dystrophy 1075:Posterior vitreous detachment 941:Persistent pupillary membrane 130:(POI) in women, which causes 2253:Congenital disorders of eyes 1671:Leber's congenital amaurosis 1582:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia 1273:Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease 1258:Persistent fetal vasculature 1189:Leber's congenital amaurosis 470:Meibomian gland dysfunction 2274: 1194:Birdshot chorioretinopathy 1168:Central serous retinopathy 986:Focal choroidal excavation 859:Corneal neovascularization 676:Subconjunctival hemorrhage 1906: 1893: 1661: 1577:Convergence insufficiency 1450: 1319: 1302: 1289: 1218:Primary juvenile glaucoma 1063:Cytomegalovirus retinitis 705: 692: 478: 434: 421: 412:Diseases of the human eye 241:10.1186/s12881-019-0865-0 38: 29: 2141:Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome 1087:Ocular ischemic syndrome 2217:Coloboma of optic nerve 1587:One and a half syndrome 1341:Foster Kennedy syndrome 84:, features can include 2021:Marcus Gunn phenomenon 1826:Argyll Robertson pupil 626:Periorbital cellulitis 1799:Scintillating scotoma 1465:Kearns–Sayre syndrome 1408:Toxic and nutritional 1381:posterior (PION) 864:Kayser–Fleischer ring 96:Associated conditions 80:In addition to small 1572:Conjugate gaze palsy 1443:Paralytic strabismus 1376:anterior (AION) 1158:Retinitis pigmentosa 1153:Macular degeneration 926:Intermediate uveitis 842:Keratoconjunctivitis 228:BMC Medical Genetics 1877:Childhood blindness 1856:Parinaud's syndrome 1426:Extraocular muscles 1214:Ocular hypertension 1178:Epiretinal membrane 1163:Retinal haemorrhage 1018:Congenital cataract 86:epicanthus inversus 2031:Lacrimal apparatus 1403:Leber's hereditary 1070:Retinal detachment 1023:Childhood cataract 835:Post-LASIK ectasia 616:Orbital cellulitis 565:Lacrimal apparatus 178:"blepharophimosis" 111:autosomal dominant 82:palpebral fissures 66:palpebral fissures 2240: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2047: 2046: 1928: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1831:Marcus Gunn pupil 1807: 1806: 1728:Visual impairment 1595: 1594: 1501: 1500: 1488:Fourth-nerve (IV) 1416: 1415: 1353:Optic disc drusen 1285: 1284: 1281: 1280: 999: 998: 887: 886: 793:Corneal dystrophy 688: 687: 684: 683: 559: 558: 375: 374: 59: 58: 19:Medical condition 2265: 2133:Anterior segment 2058: 2011:Blepharophimosis 1979: 1955: 1948: 1941: 1932: 1895: 1659: 1650:Vision disorders 1609:Refractive error 1551:Brown's syndrome 1507:Other strabismus 1493:Sixth-nerve (VI) 1483:Oculomotor (III) 1455:Ophthalmoparesis 1448: 1439: 1430:Binocular vision 1363:Optic neuropathy 1329:optic papillitis 1317: 1304: 1291: 1180:(Macular pucker) 898: 879:Band keratopathy 716: 707: 694: 621:Orbital lymphoma 508:Blepharophimosis 498:Blepharochalasis 445: 436: 423: 402: 395: 388: 379: 284: 272: 271: 261: 243: 219: 213: 212: 210: 209: 195: 186: 185: 182:www.mrcophth.com 174: 62:Blepharophimosis 54:Medical genetics 34: 25:Blepharophimosis 22: 2273: 2272: 2268: 2267: 2266: 2264: 2263: 2262: 2243: 2242: 2241: 2232: 2196: 2178: 2145: 2127: 2109: 2086: 2076:Cryptophthalmos 2043: 2025: 1968: 1959: 1929: 1920: 1902: 1881: 1860: 1803: 1772: 1732: 1686:Color blindness 1652: 1644: 1591: 1565:Other binocular 1560: 1497: 1469: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1412: 1357: 1310: 1298: 1277: 1233:Ocular hypotony 1198: 1058:Chorioretinitis 1039: 995: 979:Chorioretinitis 955: 936:Rubeosis iridis 914: 883: 854:Corneal opacity 810:Corneal ectasia 737: 701: 680: 666:Pseudopterygium 630: 592: 555: 522: 518:Ankyloblepharon 474: 430: 417: 416: 406: 376: 371: 370: 295: 281: 276: 275: 221: 220: 216: 207: 205: 197: 196: 189: 176: 175: 171: 166: 158:Ankyloblepharon 154: 146: 103: 98: 78: 20: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2271: 2269: 2261: 2260: 2255: 2245: 2244: 2238: 2237: 2234: 2233: 2231: 2230: 2228:Norrie disease 2225: 2223:Hydrophthalmos 2220: 2210: 2204: 2202: 2198: 2197: 2195: 2194: 2188: 2186: 2180: 2179: 2177: 2176: 2174:Cornea plana 2 2171: 2169:Cornea plana 1 2166: 2161: 2155: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2144: 2143: 2137: 2135: 2129: 2128: 2126: 2125: 2119: 2117: 2111: 2110: 2108: 2107: 2102: 2100:Ectopia lentis 2096: 2094: 2088: 2087: 2085: 2084: 2082:Microphthalmia 2079: 2072:Cystic eyeball 2064: 2062: 2055: 2049: 2048: 2045: 2044: 2042: 2041: 2035: 2033: 2027: 2026: 2024: 2023: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1993: 1987: 1985: 1976: 1970: 1969: 1960: 1958: 1957: 1950: 1943: 1935: 1926: 1925: 1922: 1921: 1919: 1918: 1916:Onchocerciasis 1913: 1907: 1904: 1903: 1898: 1891: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1883: 1882: 1880: 1879: 1874: 1868: 1866: 1862: 1861: 1859: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1817: 1815: 1809: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1802: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1773: 1771: 1770: 1768:Quadrantanopia 1765: 1764: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1742: 1740: 1734: 1733: 1731: 1730: 1717: 1716: 1715: 1713:Oguchi disease 1705: 1704: 1703: 1698: 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1047: 1041: 1040: 1038: 1037: 1035:Ectopia lentis 1032: 1027: 1026: 1025: 1020: 1009: 1007: 1001: 1000: 997: 996: 994: 993: 988: 983: 982: 981: 971: 965: 963: 957: 956: 954: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 917: 915: 913: 912: 907: 901: 895: 893:Vascular tunic 889: 888: 885: 884: 882: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 850: 849: 839: 838: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 807: 806: 805: 800: 790: 785: 780: 779: 778: 776:Photokeratitis 773: 768: 763: 758: 747: 745: 739: 738: 736: 735: 730: 724: 722: 713: 703: 702: 697: 690: 689: 686: 685: 682: 681: 679: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 657: 656: 649:Conjunctivitis 646: 640: 638: 632: 631: 629: 628: 623: 618: 613: 608: 602: 600: 594: 593: 591: 590: 585: 583:Dacryocystitis 580: 575: 573:Dacryoadenitis 569: 567: 561: 560: 557: 556: 554: 553: 548: 543: 538: 532: 530: 524: 523: 521: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 479: 476: 475: 473: 472: 467: 462: 457: 451: 449: 442: 432: 431: 426: 419: 418: 415: 414: 408: 407: 405: 404: 397: 390: 382: 373: 372: 369: 368: 357: 346: 335: 316: 296: 291: 290: 288: 287:Classification 280: 279:External links 277: 274: 273: 214: 187: 168: 167: 165: 162: 161: 160: 153: 150: 145: 142: 102: 99: 97: 94: 77: 74: 57: 56: 51: 45: 44: 36: 35: 27: 26: 18: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2270: 2259: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2250: 2248: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2193: 2192:Megalopapilla 2190: 2189: 2187: 2185: 2181: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2156: 2154: 2152: 2148: 2142: 2139: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2130: 2124: 2121: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2112: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2050: 2040: 2037: 2036: 2034: 2032: 2028: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1992: 1989: 1988: 1986: 1984: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1956: 1951: 1949: 1944: 1942: 1937: 1936: 1933: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1908: 1905: 1901: 1896: 1892: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1869: 1867: 1863: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1836:Adie syndrome 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1810: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1781: 1779: 1775: 1769: 1766: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1748: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1711: 1710: 1709: 1706: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1691:Achromatopsia 1689: 1688: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1631:Anisometropia 1629: 1627: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1611: 1610: 1607: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1567: 1563: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1478: 1476: 1472: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1434:Accommodation 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1373: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1348:Optic atrophy 1346: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1337: 1334: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1292: 1288: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1248:Keratomycosis 1246: 1244: 1243:Globe rupture 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1205: 1201: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1173:Macular edema 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1108: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1082:Retinoschisis 1080: 1076: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1068: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1048: 1046: 1042: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1015: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1008: 1006: 1002: 992: 989: 987: 984: 980: 977: 976: 975: 972: 970: 969:Choroideremia 967: 966: 964: 962: 958: 952: 949: 947: 946:Iridodialysis 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 918: 916: 911: 908: 906: 903: 902: 899: 896: 894: 890: 880: 877: 875: 874:Arcus senilis 872: 870: 869:Haab's striae 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 848: 845: 844: 843: 840: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 812: 811: 808: 804: 801: 799: 796: 795: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 783:Corneal ulcer 781: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 761:acanthamoebic 759: 757: 754: 753: 752: 749: 748: 746: 744: 740: 734: 731: 729: 726: 725: 723: 721: 717: 714: 712: 711:Fibrous tunic 708: 704: 700: 695: 691: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 659: 655: 652: 651: 650: 647: 645: 642: 641: 639: 637: 633: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 603: 601: 599: 595: 589: 588:Xerophthalmia 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 570: 568: 566: 562: 552: 549: 547: 544: 542: 539: 537: 534: 533: 531: 529: 525: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 493:Lagophthalmos 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 480: 477: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 452: 450: 446: 443: 441: 437: 433: 429: 424: 420: 413: 410: 409: 403: 398: 396: 391: 389: 384: 383: 380: 367: 363: 362: 358: 356: 352: 351: 347: 345: 341: 340: 336: 334: 330: 326: 325: 321: 317: 315: 311: 307: 306: 302: 298: 297: 294: 289: 285: 278: 269: 265: 260: 255: 251: 247: 242: 237: 233: 229: 225: 218: 215: 204: 200: 194: 192: 188: 183: 179: 173: 170: 163: 159: 156: 155: 151: 149: 143: 141: 139: 138: 133: 129: 123: 121: 120:hypertelorism 117: 112: 108: 100: 95: 93: 91: 87: 83: 75: 73: 71: 67: 63: 55: 52: 50: 46: 43:(BPES) type 1 42: 37: 33: 28: 23: 2164:Megalocornea 2159:Keratoglobus 2068:Anophthalmia 2010: 1726: / 1722: / 1701:Monochromacy 1633: / 1529:Heterophoria 1517: / 1216: / 1212: / 1116:hypertensive 1089: / 910:Ciliary body 825:Keratoglobus 733:Episcleritis 611:Enophthalmos 606:Exophthalmos 551:Trichomegaly 546:Distichiasis 507: 448:Inflammation 359: 348: 337: 318: 299: 231: 227: 217: 206:. Retrieved 202: 181: 172: 147: 135: 124: 104: 79: 76:Presentation 61: 60: 2208:Buphthalmos 1851:Cycloplegia 1794:Photophobia 1789:Hemeralopia 1746:Hemianopsia 1724:Vision loss 1635:Aniseikonia 1626:Astigmatism 1546:Cyclotropia 1524:Hypertropia 1336:Papilledema 1308:Optic nerve 1141:Sickle cell 1121:Purtscher's 1106:Retinopathy 974:Choroiditis 815:Keratoconus 636:Conjunctiva 513:Xanthelasma 465:Blepharitis 70:telecanthus 2247:Categories 2061:Entire eye 2016:Ablepharon 1962:Congenital 1900:Infections 1821:Anisocoria 1784:Asthenopia 1777:subjective 1761:homonymous 1756:bitemporal 1708:Nyctalopia 1696:Dichromacy 1640:Presbyopia 1601:Refraction 1422:Strabismus 1312:Optic disc 671:Pinguecula 536:Trichiasis 361:DiseasesDB 234:(1): 132. 208:2019-12-27 164:References 132:menopausal 2006:Distichia 2001:Entropion 1996:Ectropion 1872:Nystagmus 1846:Mydriasis 1720:Blindness 1666:Amblyopia 1654:Blindness 1614:Hyperopia 1539:Exophoria 1534:Esophoria 1519:Exotropia 1515:Esotropia 1053:Retinitis 751:Keratitis 728:Scleritis 661:Pterygium 541:Madarosis 488:Ectropion 483:Entropion 460:Chalazion 250:1471-2350 116:ectropion 49:Specialty 2213:Coloboma 2123:Aniridia 1911:Trachoma 1676:Diplopia 1371:Ischemic 1296:Pathways 1210:Glaucoma 1111:diabetic 1013:Cataract 951:Synechia 803:Meesmann 771:Exposure 756:herpetic 654:allergic 644:Chemosis 578:Epiphora 268:31366388 203:omim.org 152:See also 2105:Aphakia 1751:binasal 1738:Anopsia 1681:Scotoma 1475:palsies 1238:Red eye 1223:Floater 1030:Aphakia 961:Choroid 931:Hyphema 921:Uveitis 528:Eyelash 355:D016569 259:6670140 144:History 2184:Retina 2151:Cornea 1991:Ptosis 1983:Eyelid 1974:Adnexa 1841:Miosis 1619:Myopia 1398:Kjer's 1146:photic 1045:Retina 798:Fuchs' 766:fungal 743:Cornea 720:Sclera 503:Ptosis 440:Eyelid 428:Adnexa 344:110100 333:743.62 329:374.46 266:  256:  248:  140:gene. 90:ptosis 2201:Other 2053:Globe 1865:Other 1813:Pupil 1203:Other 847:sicca 699:Globe 598:Orbit 366:33297 314:Q10.3 310:H02.5 137:FOXL2 2115:Iris 2092:Lens 1966:eyes 1005:Lens 905:Iris 455:Stye 350:MeSH 339:OMIM 324:9-CM 264:PMID 246:ISSN 118:and 320:ICD 301:ICD 254:PMC 236:doi 2249:: 2074:, 364:: 353:: 342:: 331:, 327:: 312:, 308:: 305:10 262:. 252:. 244:. 232:20 230:. 226:. 201:. 190:^ 180:. 122:. 72:. 2219:) 2215:( 2078:) 2070:( 1954:e 1947:t 1940:v 401:e 394:t 387:v 322:- 303:- 293:D 270:. 238:: 211:. 184:.

Index


blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus syndrome
Specialty
Medical genetics
palpebral fissures
telecanthus
palpebral fissures
epicanthus inversus
ptosis
blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus syndrome
autosomal dominant
ectropion
hypertelorism
premature ovarian insufficiency
menopausal
FOXL2
Ankyloblepharon
"blepharophimosis"


"OMIM Entry - # 110100 - BLEPHAROPHIMOSIS, PTOSIS, AND EPICANTHUS INVERSUS; BPES"
"Premature ovarian insufficiency as a variable feature of blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome associated with c.223C > T p.(Leu75Phe) FOXL2 mutation: a case report"
doi
10.1186/s12881-019-0865-0
ISSN
1471-2350
PMC
6670140
PMID
31366388

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