886:
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172:
686:
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117:
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shipped to East Africa, the Middle-East, Europe, and
Australia. These were the only tiles to be recommended for Government buildings in India, and still define Mangalore's skyline and characterise its urban setting. Urban and rural housing follows the old traditional variety of laterite-brick structures with
1347:
leads the song while the rest of the women sing along with her. Only women whose husbands are still living may sing. In ancient times the wedding songs expressed very lofty sentiments and gave vent to the feelings of the people about the marriage partners and their families, invoking the blessing of
764:
were
Portuguese, there did not develop a community identified with Portugal and Portuguese culture. They have no uniform rituals since they belong to both the patrilineal Brahmin stock and to the matrilineal non-Brahmin stock. It were mainly these Pagan marriage rites which the Portuguese during the
660:
Michael Lobo published the first genealogical
Encyclopaedia of the Mangalorean Catholic community in 1999. This genealogical Encyclopaedia, currently exceeding 6000 pages, covers over a thousand families, each of which is researched as far as its ancestry can be traced. Three offshoots have thus far
1236:
system came into existence. Gurkars were
Mangalorean Catholic men of good moral character who were selected as headmen in Christian settlements. They were entrusted the work of social and religious supervision of the community. After migration, the only possible occupation of a Mangalorean Catholic
763:
Mangalorean
Catholics have retained many Indian customs and traditions and reveal their existence especially during the celebration of a marriage. Their culture is more traditional and Indian. Though the Portuguese traded quite frequently in Mangalore, and most of the priests arriving in the region
152:
was established in
Mangalore by Simon Alvares, a Mangalorean Catholic from Bombay, in 1878. In 1991â92, out of 12 tile manufacturing factories in Mangalore, 6 were owned by Christians. These tiles, prepared from hard clay, were in great demand throughout India, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka, and were even
1104:(fish). The hair is well combed and parted in the middle of the forehead. This fashion is strictly observed. A girl parting her hair in any other manner was regarded a loose girl. In the centre of the forehead where the hair is parted, a gold chain was placed with a pendant. This chain was called
1256:
A widow had to remain indoors practically for the rest of her life. Canon Law did allow remarriage for widows and therefore there was no direct prohibition for widows to remarry in the society of the
Christians of South Canara, but few women had the courage to go against the strict conventions of
1010:
is a long white piece of cloth with a golden hem and is tied around the head like a turban. In modern times, this mode has changed. Only a few old people can be seen wearing this traditional dress on church going occasions. Before marriage, women used to wear white skirts over which sarees and
1172:
246:. Among women, the names follow the first declension, while among young girls, the names follow the second declension. The Mangalorean Catholic variant of many first names is the Mangalorean Catholic Konkani version of its Portuguese counterpart which was borrowed from the
1090:
that consisted of two ordinary combs and the upper part of each one was plate with gold, that are worn in the hair on both sides of the headover the ears. On the way to church she wears some white and red flowers stuck in the hair. In the centre of the forehead, a
211:
are sweet delicacies prepared during
Christmas and includes around 22 varieties of sweets. Fish and rice form the staple diet of most Mangalorean Catholics. Par-boiled rice, also known as red rice, is the traditional rice eaten and preferred over raw rice.
1319:. The ghumat was a popular musical instrument played especially during weddings. The instrument has the form of an earthen pot but is open at both sides. One end is covered with the skin of some wild animal, and the other is left open. The tradition of
1307:(Jesus entered the Garden of Gethsemene) was written by Joachim Miranda, a Goan Catholic priest, during the 18th century, when he was held captive by Tippu Sultan, on his Canara mission. Other popular Konkani hymns composed by Mangalorean Catholics are
1237:
was agriculture, since they were skilled farmers. Every farmer practised carpentry but it was quite primitive and unskilled. Other crafts and industries were non-existent. By the later half of the 19th century
Mangalorean Catholics were involved in the
581:
loanwords. Some
Kannada root words which have disappeared from the Goan dialects due to the influence of Portuguese have re-entered the Mangalorean Canara language lexicon. It is significantly different from the dialect spoken by the
2907:
A Journey from Madras Through the Countries of Mysore, Canara, and Malabar: For the Express Purpose of Investigating the State of Agriculture, Arts and Commerce, the Religion, Manners, and Customs, the History Natural and Civil, and
3411:
A Gazetteer of the World: Or, Dictionary of Geographical Knowledge, Compiled from the Most Recent Authorities, and Forming a Complete Body of Modern Geography â Physical, Political, Statistical, Historical, and
782:) ceremony, conducted one or two days before a wedding, celebrates the last day of virginity of the bride and bridegroom and involves the parents' blessing of the bride and groom, who are anointed with
1211:(labour class). The converts from the fisher-caste residing around Ullal, Kuloor and other places around the sea coast were called Gaudis, and formed the fourth group. Other minor castes, included the
1084:
none of these ornaments are in use in the modern generation. Present-day brides wear a few gold ornaments, some rings on the fingers, earrings and at least two of the golden combs known as
1257:
their community. A widow who remarried was looked down upon, pitied and shunned as unlucky. But she was not ill-treated or made an outcast. No stigma was attached to her husband.
2577:
586:
in South Canara. The Mangalorean Catholic dialect is much closer to the Goan Bardezi dialect. 350â400 Portuguese lexical items are found in the Mangalorean Catholic dialect.
1036:, which was worn on other festive occasions. Some brides also wear a white sari during the nuptial blessing in church. Ornaments worn by the bride in ancient times included
35:
148:
in 1868. Since then, Mangalorean Catholics have been actively involved in manufacturing these red Mangalore tiles. After the opening of the Albuquerque tile factory, the
3687:
The dispatches of Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington, during his various campaigns in India, Denmark, Portugal, Spain, the Low Countries, and France, from 1799 to 1818
1285:
for non-stop singing of Konkani hymns. Mandd Sobhann members sang for 40 hours, surpassing the old record of 36 hours held by a Brazilian musical troupe,
557:
family of languages, which is spoken predominantly on the west coast of India. They speak a dialect of Konkani, known as Mangalorean Catholic Konkani, which the
1032:, which are made of finely woven silk and are decorated with elaborate engravings. The bride is also presented with a sari by her own people which is called
1151:(neck chain) around his neck. He wore a pair of sandals or at least a pair of socks. Nowadays however, most westernised Mangalorean Catholic couples have a
2600:
1717:
1660:
1603:
1437:
573:
with the modern Bardeskaar Christian dialect and to a slightly lesser extent with the standard Konkani dialect. This dialect has a significant infusion of
1108:. None of these ornaments are worn on ordinary days. Every bride formerly wore three pairs of gold bangles; in addition she wore bangles of red glass.
3313:
South Indians in Kolkata: History of Kannadigas, Konkanis, Malayalees, Tamilians, Telugus, South Indian Dishes, and Tippoo Sultan's Heirs in Calcutta
3681:
2934:
3111:
The Captivity, Sufferings, and Escape of James Scurry, who was Detained a Prisoner During Ten Years, in the Dominions of Hyder Ali and Tippoo Saib
741:
221:
2014:
1816:
3527:
2938:
733:
549:, which they retained as their mother tongue despite the migration. The Konkani language is central to the community's identity. Konkani is an
295:
3395:
3341:
3238:
3167:
3019:
2975:
2879:
2783:
1536:
111:
1917:
2360:
1572:
2869:
1230:
It was difficult for the few priests who had accompanied the Christian emigrants to South Canara to look after them properly. Thus, the
912:
674:
540:
2494:
1215:, who the historian Severine Silva, in his book "The Marriage Customs of the Christians in South Canara, India", assumes to be local
1179:
Mangalorean Catholics had retained the same caste system which their ancestors had in Goa. They were divided into four castes â
3610:
3460:
3439:
3367:
3320:
3294:
3266:
3217:
3188:
3141:
3066:
3040:
2916:
2842:
2814:
701:
2145:
1242:
725:
157:
roofing with steep slopes. Inside the house, a spacious hall is present while a large verandah is present in front of the house.
31:
2070:
597:(Konkani Treasure), was published in Mangalore by Louis Mascarenhas. Popular Konkani periodicals published in Mangalore include
3081:
1295:
1095:(gold chain) was placed with a pendant. A widow had to wear a black sari all her life, and was not allowed to wear ornaments.
3760:
3691:
2724:
717:
191:
fluffed with toddy or yeast; Dukra Maas â Pork) is one of the most popular dish of the Mangalorean Catholic community.
3089:
Hunter, William Wilson; James Sutherland Cotton; Richard Burn; William Stevenson Meyer; Great Britain India Office (1909).
3755:
2628:
1745:
1688:
1631:
1465:
923:
at Farangipet in South Canara, and was initiated by Joachim Miranda, a Goan Catholic priest at Farangipet in 1763. Though
749:
589:
The origin of their literature dates to 1883, when Angelus Francis Xavier Maffei, an Italian Jesuit, published the first
967:. The procession, held on the first Sunday of the New Year of the Gregorian calendar, seeks blessings for the new year.
964:
166:
1098:
Two more combs were worn by the bride, with a figure of a fish in gold inserted in each comb and were therefore called
294:
are abundant among Mangalorean Catholics, and generally follow the second declension. Some families use their original
960:
283:
2044:
3405:
1950:
129:
2901:
2800:
1129:). The groom's dress was gradually improved. Later, his dress consisted of a white loincloth with a red and gold
1184:
195:(Ros Curry), a fish curry made with coconut milk (ros), is a traditional curry served during the Ros ceremony.
145:
137:
3379:
Konknni Huminnyom (Konkani Riddles): an Anthropological Analysis of the Konkany Riddles of Mangalore Catholics
2775:
Linguistic Structure and Language Dynamics in South Asia: Papers from the Proceedings of SALA XVIII Roundtable
927:
destroyed the churches of Canara, he spared Monte Mariano Church in deference to the friendship of his father
3360:
Religion in South Asia: Religious Conversion and Revival Movements in South Asia in Medieval and Modern Times
3665:
3638:
554:
27:
2994:
1282:
1270:
1180:
466:
291:
239:
3561:
3505:
1196:
583:
570:
22:
2018:
1015:
ceremony Gold ornaments in those days were absent. Married women used to wear sarees the general way.
905:, and Easter, the community celebrates many other festivals of religious and historical significance.
242:) are common among Mangalorean Catholics. Most Mangalorean Catholic names for males follow the second
3478:
1823:
920:
677:
released the first Konkani Bible in Kannada script, which was made available online on 26 July 2007.
403:
149:
3542:
2947:
144:
manufacturing factory was started in South Canara by Pascal Albuquerque, a Mangalorean Catholic, at
3654:
3627:
2999:
Selections from the Letters, Despatches, and Other State Papers Preserved in the Bombay Secretariat
944:
890:
550:
361:
247:
2645:
1873:
Asiatic Society of Bombay, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland Bombay Branch 1853
1546:
2885:
2622:
1739:
1682:
1625:
1459:
1175:
A traditional house of a Mangalorean Catholic family, constructed using olden-style architecture.
823:
770:
Manual of Rules and Regulations of the Holy Office of the Inquisition in the Kingdoms of Portugal
424:
885:
2501:
1927:
1207:(merchant class) castes. The artisan converts formed the third biggest group and were known as
633:(1995) by J.B. Moraes were published. Modern literature is diverse and includes themes such as
3606:
3538:
3489:
3456:
3435:
3391:
3363:
3337:
3333:
Hindu and Christian in South-east India: Aspects of Religious Continuity and Change, 1800â1900
3316:
3290:
3262:
3234:
3213:
3184:
3163:
3137:
3062:
3036:
3015:
2971:
2912:
2875:
2838:
2810:
2779:
2660:
2364:
2040:
2002:
1975:
1876:
1785:
1648:
1580:
1512:
1482:
1303:, is one of the oldest and most popular brass bands in Mangalore. The well known Konkani hymn
951:
in South Canara. This shrine, in existence since 1759, is said to have a history of miracles.
757:
634:
340:
231:
2687:
2565:
2332:
2276:
1904:
1803:
1767:
1497:
1329:, is important to this community. The procedure is that one of the elderly lady, usually the
3685:
2097:
1392:
The Ros brass plate is made by brass smith, our Lady of Rosary is here at this ros ceremony
1171:
940:
765:
622:
578:
546:
536:
531:
published the first genealogical encyclopaedia of the Mangalorean Catholic community in 1999
51:
975:
3574:
3518:
2733:
1156:
685:
154:
141:
133:
3210:
Mangaloreans World-wide: An International Directory of the Mangalorean Catholic Community
1299:(Lutheran University of Brazil). The Silver Band, started in 1906 by Lawrence D'Souza in
2122:
1848:
1406:
Clouds in the sky, coconut on the tree, oily sign of cross on the forehead of the bride
1238:
1011:
blouses were worn. The dress was a sign of her virginity and she wore it on the day of
650:
382:
95:
67:
43:
2149:
1253:, and the explication of the mysteries were delivered to the congregation in Konkani.
3749:
3127:
2769:
2074:
1379:
1152:
574:
487:
307:
1226:
An extended Catholic family in Mangalore, belonging to the BÄmaáš caste. Circa. 1929.
3591:
3205:
1122:
991:
Mangalorean Catholic men used to wear frilled white or black coats (similar to the
835:
794:, while a cross is inscribed on the bride's forehead. Later, it is followed by the
787:
528:
184:
125:
83:
3160:
Dimensions of Sociolinguistics in South Asia: Papers in Memory of Gerald B. Kelley
2728:
1290:
959:
in Konkani) is an annual religious procession led by the Bishop of Mangalore from
3727:
3709:
3600:
3450:
3429:
3409:
3331:
3284:
3256:
3228:
3178:
3131:
3109:
3090:
3030:
2905:
2871:
Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan and the Struggle with the Musalman Powers of the South
2832:
2804:
2773:
132:. In the course of time, Mangalorean Catholics learnt the technique of preparing
2765:
2497:
2101:
1576:
1265:
1191:, and Gaudis. The BÄmaášs (the Konkani word for Brahmins) were converts from the
924:
902:
791:
63:
39:
1852:
1216:
907:
558:
243:
171:
1822:. The National Institute for Japanese language (Tokyo, Japan). Archived from
866:(giving away the bride formally by the father or the guardian of the bride),
3703:
compiled from official and authentic documents by Lieutenant Colonel Gurwood
2605:
1922:
1722:
1665:
1608:
1541:
1442:
1300:
1278:
1277:
On 26â27 January 2008, a Konkani cultural event, Konkani Nirantari, held in
1250:
1200:
952:
928:
815:
779:
671:
The Mangalorean Catholic Community â A Professional History / Directory
657:
566:
445:
116:
99:
91:
87:
59:
1199:
converts from Goa. The Charodis, the largest group, were converts from the
1145:), a shawl on the shoulders and a towel on the head. The bridegroom wore a
2048:
911:
is one of the major festivals, celebrated on 8 September. It combines the
524:
2737:
2578:"Mangalore: Guinness Adjudicator Hopeful of Certifying Konkani Nirantari"
1361:
Adorned with long lovely hair, She made her abode here (in South Canara).
1029:
992:
287:
3180:
Where East Looks West: Success in English in Goa and on the Konkan Coast
2803:; Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain, Ireland Bombay Branch (1853).
1222:
842:(changing hands). Indian traditions include adorning the bride with the
128:, set up the first tile factory at Mangalore in 1860. It was called the
3602:
Southern India: Its History, People, Commerce, and Industrial Resources
3012:
Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology: An Anthology: Surveys and Poems
1396:
Dimbi ami galeam, santa kuru kadeam, kurpa ami magieam amchea Jezulagim
1204:
1192:
948:
894:
709:
197:
79:
55:
3599:
Somerset, Playne; Bond, E. W.; Wright, Arnold; Wright, Playne (2004).
3002:
1371:
1246:
1212:
1208:
1188:
1112:
999:
610:
311:
299:
207:
47:
2861:
The East Indians: Catholic Community of Bombay, Salsette and Bassein
2045:"Migration, Myths And Mangalore: A Writer Pieces Together The Story"
1669:. 25 November 2006. Archived from the original on 10 September 2009
1281:
by a Mangalorean Catholic organisation, Mandd Sobhann, entered the
1241:
industry, Coffee plantations and trade in plantation products. The
226:
Bilingual names, having variants in both Konkani and English, like
3587:
1264:
1221:
1170:
1160:
1117:
996:
974:
884:
684:
523:
303:
170:
115:
3664:. Karnataka State Gazetteer. Vol. 12. Gazetteer Department (
3637:. Karnataka State Gazetteer. Vol. 12. Gazetteer Department (
995:
coats) with buttons. The turbans were usually flattened like the
179:
Coconut and curry leaves are common ingredients to most curries.
3528:"The Marriage Customs of the Christians in South Canara (India)"
1019:
980:
847:
188:
75:
71:
3479:"The Marriage Customs of the Christians in South Canara, India"
1399:
Let us kneel, make sign of the cross, and pray for God's grace
1389:
Aprosachi vatli, kasgran petli, ruzai mai betli, hea rosalagim.
1111:
The bridegroom's dress in the early times consisted of a short
1951:"Rich Tributes Paid to Pioneer Konkani Poet Louis Mascarenhas"
1356:
There came a Mother from Goa, Our Lady (Queen) of the Rosary,
1130:
202:
3388:
Sarasvati's Children: A History of the Mangalorean Christians
1376:
The Marriage customs of the Christians in South Canara, India
643:
Sarasvati's Children: A History of the Mangalorean Christians
3158:
Kelley, Gerald B.; Edward C. Dimock; Braj B. Kachru (1992).
1726:. 17 June 2002. Archived from the original on 21 August 2002
641:
by George Fernandes, historical awakening, in books such as
901:
In addition to common Christian festivals like Christmas,
70:. The houses are usually accompanied by their own private
2146:"40 Mangalorean Catholic Konkani prayers in Roman Script"
1403:
Akashim mod, narl kubear telacho kuris hokleachea kopalar
1269:
Konkani Nirantari, a Konkani cultural event, entered the
647:
The Revised Kama Sutra: A Novel of Colonialism and Desire
663:
Mangaloreans Worldwide â An International Directory
3059:
Minorities on India's West Coast: History & Society
854:(wedding necklace), the wearing of which indicates her
3076:
Heras Institute of Indian History and Culture (1983).
2361:"Monti Fest Originated at Farangipet â 240 Years Ago!"
1849:"Ethnologue report for Konkani, Goan (ISO 639-3: gom)"
3690:. Vol. 1 (New ed.). London, Great Britain:
2580:. Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore. 25 January 2008
1342:
1336:
1330:
1320:
1231:
1146:
1140:
1134:
1099:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1023:
870:(re-invitation to the bride's house), and singing of
772:, published in 1640 by Bishop D. Franciscode Castro.
593:
in Mangalore. In 1912, the first Konkani periodical,
175:
Kuswar are sweet delicacies prepared during Christmas
3227:
Maffei, Angelus Francis Xavier (14 September 2003).
2363:. Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore. Archived from
2098:"Dr. Michael Lobo: Probing family roots and history"
1195:
caste (priestly class), and especially included the
919:(new crops). The festival derives its name from the
565:
dialect. It is largely derived from the Bardeskaar (
1335:(wife of the master of ceremonies, who is known as
878:(partaking of the food prepared from new corn) and
3431:A History of Konkani Literature: From 1500 to 1992
2809:. Vol. 4. Bombay Education Society's Press.
2727:. Konkani Sahitya Kala Foundation. Archived from
2148:. Konkani Sahitya Kala Foundation. Archived from
205:, jaggery, coconut, and spices is also popular.
201:, a dish of colocasia leaves stuffed with rice,
3682:Wellesley, Arthur (Arthur Wellesley Wellington)
2609:. Archived from the original on 29 January 2009
1446:. Archived from the original on 10 January 2009
1386:
1350:
838:) during marriage ceremonies, which was called
645:by Alan Machado Prabhu, and sexual desires, in
2831:Ayyappapanicker, K.; Akademi, Sahitya (1997).
1612:. Archived from the original on 22 August 2009
16:Culture of the Catholics of Mangalore district
2968:V.J.P. Saldanha (Makers of Indian literature)
2464:
2462:
1155:, where in the groom typically wears a black
798:(Nuptial Blessing in Church) and finally the
8:
3133:Mirabilia Descripta: The Wonders of the East
2935:Catholic Church Bishops' Conference of India
1815:Caroline V Menezescaroline Menezescaroline.
1121:), a shawl to cover his shoulders and a red
3428:SaradesÄya, ManohararÄya (1 January 2000).
2047:. South Asia Religious News. Archived from
768:found objectionable and prohibited it in a
2123:"Entire Konkani Bible is available online"
806:(wedding party). Other traditions include
314:. Other European surnames are also found.
3261:. Mangalore: Asian Educational Services.
3233:. Mangalore: Asian Educational Services.
3032:Rural Industrialisation in Backward Areas
1777:
1775:
1436:Babu, Savitha Suresh (17 February 2007).
1287:Communidade Evangelica Luterana SĂŁo Paulo
1139:), a shirt with gold buttons and a coat (
609:(Donation) (1965) by Raymond Miranda. In
3255:Maffei, Angelus Francis Xavier (1990) .
2834:Medieval Indian Literature: An Anthology
2806:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay
2521:
2519:
2434:
2432:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2342:
2340:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
1795:
1793:
1700:
1698:
1325:(wedding songs), sung by women during a
897:, where the Attur festival is celebrated
504:
316:
3477:Silva, Severine; Stephen Fuchs (1965).
3108:James Scurry; William Whiteway (1824).
2946:. St. Paul Publications. Archived from
2449:
2447:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2249:
2247:
2171:
2169:
2167:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1425:
979:A typical Mangalorean Catholic wedding
874:(hymns). Some other traditions include
222:Mangalorean Catholic names and surnames
3570:
3559:
3514:
3503:
2989:. Church History Association of India.
2620:
2186:
2184:
1918:"New English-Konkani dictionary ready"
1737:
1680:
1623:
1457:
1431:
1429:
1273:for non-stop singing of Konkani hymns.
696:Roman Catholic traditions include the
2495:"Weddings then, now and in Future..."
2017:. Goa Konkani Akademi. Archived from
1566:
1564:
569:) dialect and bears a good degree of
112:Architecture of Mangalorean Catholics
38:. They adopted elements of the local
7:
3714:. Vol. CIII. F. Jefferies. 1833
2987:The Christian Impact on South Kanara
2778:. Motilal Banarsidass Publications.
2439:South Kanara District Gazetteer 1973
2405:South Kanara District Gazetteer 1973
1953:. Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore
1705:South Kanara District Gazetteer 1973
1524:South Kanara District Gazetteer 1973
42:culture, but retained many of their
2859:Baptista, Elsie Wilhelmina (1967).
2073:. RichardCrasta.com. Archived from
1358:Meklya kesanim mai, Dev li somdirak
1353:Goiam thaun aili mai, Ruzai Saibin,
1289:(Lutheran Evangelical Community of
913:Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary
667:Distinguished Mangalorean Catholics
541:Literature of Mangalorean Catholics
66:roofs layered with the once famous
2498:Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore
2102:Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore
1577:Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore
605:(Heritage of Konkani) (1958), and
601:(1938) by Mons Sylvester Menezes,
14:
3584:History of Christianity in Canara
2863:. Bombay East Indian Association.
2493:D'Souza, Anil (27 January 2009).
2015:"Konkani Language and Literature"
1916:Nagesh Prabhu (2 February 2007).
1245:was celebrated in Latin; but the
1018:The Mangalorean Catholic bride's
939:(Attur festival) is the feast of
3014:. Vol. I. Sahitya Akademi.
2940:The Catholic Directory for India
2599:M. Raghuram (10 December 2005).
1889:Kelley, Dimock & Kachru 1992
1545:. 11 August 2007. Archived from
1159:, while the bride wears a white
545:Mangalorean Catholics speak the
3662:South Kanara District Gazetteer
3635:South Kanara District Gazetteer
3377:Pai, C. C. A.; Supriya (1981).
3130:; Henry Yule (17 August 2001).
3092:The Imperial Gazetteer of India
3029:Giriappa, S. (1 January 1994).
2601:"Golden notes from Silver Band"
2125:. Indian Catholic. 27 July 2007
1296:Universidade Luterana do Brasil
1028:. It is usually a red coloured
629:(1950) by V.J.P. Saldanha, and
78:, and are normally attached to
3605:. Asian Educational Services.
3541:(Japan): 71â87. Archived from
3455:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
2911:. Asian Educational Services.
1283:Guinness Book of World Records
1271:Guinness Book of World Records
296:Goud Saraswat Brahmin surnames
1:
3386:Prabhu, Alan Machado (1999).
3136:. Adamant Media Corporation.
3082:St. Xavier's College (Bombay)
2966:D'Souza, Edwin J. F. (2004).
2874:. IDARAH-I ADABIYAT-I DELLI.
1901:Abbi, Gupta & Kidwai 1997
661:been launched, which include
320:Mangalorean Catholic variant
3449:Sen, Colleen Taylor (2004).
3311:Nair, P. Thankappan (2004).
3286:Theory and Practice of Tabla
3283:Naimpalli, Sadanand (2005).
3162:. Oxford & IBH Pub. Co.
1602:Arun Bhatia (17 June 2002).
882:(blessing of new harvests).
617:(1948) by G.M.B. Rodrigues,
167:Mangalorean Catholic cuisine
3358:Oddie, Geoffrey A. (1991).
3330:Oddie, Geoffrey A. (1991).
3005:: Government Central Press.
2933:Pious Society of St. Paul;
1817:"The question of Konkbani?"
1509:Somerset, Bond & Wright
1479:Somerset, Bond & Wright
1343:
1337:
1331:
1321:
1232:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1100:
1086:
1080:
1074:
1068:
1062:
1056:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1024:
3777:
3537:. Asian Folklore Studies,
3488:. Asian Folklore Studies,
3406:Royal Geographical Society
3258:English-konkani Dictionary
2985:Farias, Kranti K. (1999).
2868:Bowring, Lewin B. (1893).
1888:
1415:article by Maurice DâMello
591:English-Konkani Dictionary
534:
507:English-Konkani Dictionary
219:
164:
130:Basel Mission tile factory
109:
50:Mangalorean houses of the
2801:Asiatic Society of Bombay
2725:"The Tradition of Voviyo"
2627:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1744:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1687:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1661:"Santa, cakes and kuswar"
1630:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1604:"Anyone for shark curry?"
1493:
1464:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
26:has been shaped by their
3732:. Vol. 3. s.n. 1824
3711:The Gentleman's Magazine
3668:). 1973. pp. 86â125
3582:Silva, Severine (1957).
3408:(Great Britain) (1856).
3183:. Multilingual Matters.
3061:. Kalinga Publications.
3057:Gupta, Anirudha (1991).
2683:
2656:
2641:
2562:The Oriental Herald 1824
2328:
2272:
2071:"The Revised Kama Sutra"
1998:
1986:
1971:
1900:
1799:
1763:
1644:
681:Traditions and festivals
639:What Ails the Socialists
138:Albuquerque tile factory
46:customs and values. The
3684:; John Gurwood (1834).
3666:Government of Karnataka
3641:). 1973. pp. 33â85
3639:Government of Karnataka
3594:: Star of Kanara Press.
3390:. I.J.A. Publications.
3177:Kurzon, Dennis (2004).
2561:
2438:
2404:
1872:
1781:
1704:
1523:
1508:
1478:
1413:The Tradition of Voviyo
689:A Mangalorean Catholic
520:Language and literature
28:Christianisation in Goa
3569:Cite journal requires
3513:Cite journal requires
3212:. Camelot Publishers.
3010:George, K. M. (1992).
2711:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2710:
2699:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2698:
2672:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2671:
2550:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2549:
2538:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2537:
2526:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2525:
2480:
2469:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2468:
2454:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2453:
2423:
2393:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2392:
2346:
2317:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2316:
2300:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2299:
2287:
2254:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2253:
2238:
2227:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2226:
2214:
2203:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2202:
2191:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2190:
2176:Silva & Fuchs 1965
2175:
1418:
1385:
1378:by Severine Silva and
1274:
1227:
1176:
988:
971:Costumes and Ornaments
898:
693:
584:Goud Saraswat Brahmins
532:
176:
121:
3761:Mangalorean Catholics
3526:D'Sa, Victor (1972).
3452:Food Culture in India
3289:. Popular Prakashan.
1268:
1225:
1197:Goud Saraswat Brahmin
1174:
1115:of hand-woven cloth (
978:
931:with Father Miranda.
888:
746:Iazokanchi Sonskornni
742:Anointing of the Sick
688:
673:(2002). In 2000, the
527:
174:
124:A German missionary,
119:
23:Mangalorean Catholics
3756:Culture of Mangalore
2642:Ayyappapanicker 1997
2077:on 30 September 2008
1930:on 20 September 2007
1718:"Taste of Mangalore"
1203:(warrior class) and
947:on the outskirts of
943:, celebrated in the
921:Monte Mariano Church
738:Piddestanchi Makhnni
675:Diocese of Mangalore
278:from the Portuguese
270:from the Portuguese
262:from the Portuguese
254:from the Portuguese
150:Alvares tile factory
3729:The Oriental Herald
3434:. Sahitya Akademi.
3381:. Satabdi Prakasan.
2970:. Sahitya Akademi.
2837:. Sahitya Akademi.
1573:"What's in a Name?"
1411:Voviyos taken from
1305:Riglo Jezu Molliant
957:Evkaristik Purshanv
945:St. Lawrence Shrine
891:St. Lawrence Church
613:, periodicals like
551:Indo-Aryan language
326:Portuguese variant
284:Portuguese surnames
248:Portuguese language
140:, the first Indian
3128:Catalini, Jordanus
2995:Forrest, George W.
2772:(1 January 2001).
2367:on 25 January 2008
2359:John B. Monteiro.
2152:on 24 October 2009
1583:on 8 February 2012
1549:on 3 November 2012
1309:Aika Cristanv Jana
1275:
1228:
1177:
1167:Historical Society
989:
899:
826:) and exchange of
824:wedding invitation
694:
561:identifies as the
533:
497:The Lord will add
476:My God is my oath
250:(examples include
216:Names and surnames
177:
122:
3539:Nanzan University
3490:Nanzan University
3397:978-81-86778-25-8
3343:978-0-913215-55-5
3315:. Punthi Pustak.
3240:978-81-206-0087-4
3230:A Konkani Grammar
3169:978-81-204-0573-8
3095:. Clarendon Press
3021:978-81-7201-324-0
2977:978-81-260-2028-7
2902:Buchanan, Francis
2888:on 17 August 2011
2881:978-81-206-1299-0
2785:978-81-208-1765-4
2723:Maurice DâMello.
2043:(29 April 2008).
2041:Frederick Noronha
2021:on 28 August 2008
1571:Stephen D'Souza.
1438:"Tiles for style"
1366:Folk song taken "
1313:Utha Utha Praniya
965:Rosario Cathedral
553:belonging to the
517:
516:
511:A Konkani Grammar
62:cemented floors,
3768:
3741:
3739:
3737:
3723:
3721:
3719:
3705:
3700:
3698:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3659:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3632:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3595:
3578:
3572:
3567:
3565:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3547:
3532:
3522:
3516:
3511:
3509:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3483:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3445:
3424:
3422:
3420:
3401:
3382:
3373:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3326:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3223:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3173:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3085:
3080:. Vol. 20.
3072:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3025:
3006:
2990:
2981:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2952:
2945:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2884:. Archived from
2864:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2741:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2654:
2648:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2626:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2574:
2568:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2523:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2500:. Archived from
2490:
2484:
2478:
2472:
2466:
2457:
2451:
2442:
2436:
2427:
2421:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2270:
2257:
2251:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2179:
2173:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2096:Richie Lasrado.
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2011:
2005:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1926:. Archived from
1913:
1907:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1828:
1821:
1812:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1779:
1770:
1761:
1750:
1749:
1743:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1657:
1651:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1629:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1579:. Archived from
1568:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1537:"Typically home"
1533:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1506:
1500:
1491:
1485:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1463:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1433:
1416:
1383:
1346:
1341:) who knows the
1340:
1334:
1324:
1235:
1150:
1144:
1138:
1103:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1027:
915:and blessing of
766:Goan Inquisition
702:Seven Sacraments
656:The Mangalorean
623:George Fernandes
547:Konkani language
537:Konkani language
323:English variant
317:
181:Sanna-Dukra Maas
52:older generation
32:their migrations
3776:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3735:
3733:
3726:
3717:
3715:
3708:
3696:
3694:
3680:
3671:
3669:
3657:
3653:
3644:
3642:
3630:
3626:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3598:
3586:. Vol. I.
3581:
3568:
3558:
3551:
3549:
3548:on 22 July 2011
3545:
3530:
3525:
3512:
3502:
3495:
3493:
3481:
3476:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3448:
3442:
3427:
3418:
3416:
3404:
3398:
3385:
3376:
3370:
3357:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3329:
3323:
3310:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3282:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3254:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3226:
3220:
3204:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3176:
3170:
3157:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3126:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3098:
3096:
3088:
3075:
3069:
3056:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3028:
3022:
3009:
3001:. Vol. 2.
2993:
2984:
2978:
2965:
2956:
2954:
2953:on 22 July 2011
2950:
2943:
2932:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2900:
2891:
2889:
2882:
2867:
2858:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2830:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2799:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2768:; R. S. Gupta;
2764:
2760:
2755:
2745:
2743:
2742:on 13 July 2011
2731:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2709:
2705:
2697:
2693:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2666:
2657:SaradesÄya 2000
2655:
2651:
2640:
2636:
2619:
2612:
2610:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2560:
2556:
2548:
2544:
2536:
2532:
2524:
2517:
2507:
2505:
2504:on 1 April 2009
2492:
2491:
2487:
2479:
2475:
2467:
2460:
2452:
2445:
2437:
2430:
2422:
2411:
2403:
2399:
2391:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2345:
2338:
2329:SaradesÄya 2000
2327:
2323:
2315:
2306:
2298:
2294:
2286:
2282:
2273:SaradesÄya 2000
2271:
2260:
2252:
2245:
2237:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2182:
2174:
2165:
2155:
2153:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2126:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2106:
2104:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2051:on 21 July 2011
2039:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1999:SaradesÄya 2000
1997:
1993:
1987:SaradesÄya 2000
1985:
1981:
1970:
1966:
1956:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1899:
1895:
1887:
1883:
1871:
1867:
1857:
1855:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1832:
1830:
1829:on 8 April 2008
1826:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1798:
1791:
1780:
1773:
1762:
1753:
1736:
1729:
1727:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1703:
1696:
1679:
1672:
1670:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1643:
1639:
1622:
1615:
1613:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1586:
1584:
1570:
1569:
1562:
1552:
1550:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1522:
1518:
1507:
1503:
1492:
1488:
1477:
1473:
1456:
1449:
1447:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1410:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1370:" (boundary of
1368:Bardesachi Sima
1365:
1360:
1355:
1263:
1261:Songs and music
1169:
973:
961:Milagres Church
858:(destiny), the
812:Sairikecho Malo
786:, a mixture of
683:
635:Indian Politics
571:intelligibility
543:
535:Main articles:
522:
224:
218:
169:
163:
134:Mangalore tiles
114:
108:
68:Mangalore tiles
36:their captivity
17:
12:
11:
5:
3774:
3772:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3742:
3724:
3706:
3678:
3651:
3624:
3611:
3596:
3579:
3571:|journal=
3523:
3515:|journal=
3474:
3461:
3446:
3440:
3425:
3415:. A. Fullarton
3412:Ethnographical
3402:
3396:
3383:
3374:
3368:
3355:
3342:
3327:
3321:
3308:
3295:
3280:
3267:
3252:
3239:
3224:
3218:
3202:
3189:
3174:
3168:
3155:
3142:
3124:
3105:
3086:
3073:
3067:
3054:
3041:
3035:. Daya books.
3026:
3020:
3007:
2991:
2982:
2976:
2963:
2930:
2917:
2898:
2880:
2865:
2856:
2843:
2828:
2815:
2797:
2784:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2715:
2703:
2691:
2684:Naimpalli 2005
2676:
2664:
2649:
2634:
2591:
2569:
2554:
2542:
2530:
2515:
2485:
2473:
2458:
2443:
2428:
2409:
2397:
2378:
2351:
2336:
2321:
2304:
2292:
2280:
2258:
2243:
2231:
2219:
2207:
2195:
2180:
2163:
2144:Ancy Paladka.
2136:
2114:
2088:
2062:
2032:
2006:
1991:
1979:
1964:
1941:
1908:
1893:
1881:
1865:
1840:
1807:
1789:
1771:
1751:
1709:
1694:
1652:
1637:
1594:
1560:
1528:
1516:
1501:
1486:
1471:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1408:
1363:
1262:
1259:
1239:Mangalore tile
1168:
1165:
1022:is known as a
972:
969:
864:Opsun divnchen
802:(wedding) and
704:) and include
682:
679:
651:Richard Crasta
637:in books like
595:Konknni Dirvem
521:
518:
515:
514:
502:
501:
498:
495:
490:
485:
481:
480:
477:
474:
469:
464:
460:
459:
456:
453:
448:
443:
439:
438:
435:
432:
427:
422:
418:
417:
414:
411:
406:
401:
397:
396:
393:
392:Gift from God
390:
385:
380:
376:
375:
372:
369:
364:
359:
355:
354:
351:
348:
343:
338:
334:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
220:Main article:
217:
214:
165:Main article:
162:
159:
155:Mangalore tile
142:Mangalore tile
120:Mangalore tile
110:Main article:
107:
104:
96:Alphonso mango
54:have spacious
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3773:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3731:
3730:
3725:
3713:
3712:
3707:
3704:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3679:
3667:
3663:
3656:
3652:
3640:
3636:
3629:
3625:
3614:
3612:81-206-1344-9
3608:
3604:
3603:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3580:
3576:
3563:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3529:
3524:
3520:
3507:
3491:
3487:
3480:
3475:
3464:
3462:0-313-32487-5
3458:
3454:
3453:
3447:
3443:
3441:81-7201-664-6
3437:
3433:
3432:
3426:
3414:
3413:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3393:
3389:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3369:0-7007-0103-6
3365:
3361:
3356:
3345:
3339:
3336:. Routledge.
3335:
3334:
3328:
3324:
3322:81-86791-50-7
3318:
3314:
3309:
3298:
3296:81-7991-149-7
3292:
3288:
3287:
3281:
3270:
3268:81-206-0626-4
3264:
3260:
3259:
3253:
3242:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3225:
3221:
3219:81-87609-00-1
3215:
3211:
3207:
3206:Lobo, Michael
3203:
3192:
3190:1-85359-673-6
3186:
3182:
3181:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3161:
3156:
3145:
3143:1-4021-9555-9
3139:
3135:
3134:
3129:
3125:
3113:
3112:
3106:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3068:81-85163-22-7
3064:
3060:
3055:
3044:
3042:81-7035-125-1
3038:
3034:
3033:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3013:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2969:
2964:
2949:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2920:
2918:81-206-0386-9
2914:
2910:
2909:
2903:
2899:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2873:
2872:
2866:
2862:
2857:
2846:
2844:81-260-0365-0
2840:
2836:
2835:
2829:
2818:
2816:1-150-56345-1
2812:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2798:
2787:
2781:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2770:Ayesha Kidwai
2767:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2726:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2595:
2592:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2441:, p. 120
2440:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2407:, p. 119
2406:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2366:
2362:
2355:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2322:
2318:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2151:
2147:
2140:
2137:
2124:
2118:
2115:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2089:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1992:
1989:, p. 288
1988:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1952:
1949:Melka Miyar.
1945:
1942:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1894:
1891:, p. 219
1890:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1741:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1707:, p. 121
1706:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1684:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1598:
1595:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1526:, p. 118
1525:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1494:Giriappa 1994
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1414:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1381:
1380:Stephen Fuchs
1377:
1373:
1369:
1362:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1348:God on them.
1345:
1339:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1272:
1267:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1234:
1224:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1173:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1153:White wedding
1149:
1143:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1125:on the head (
1124:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1030:Banarasi sari
1026:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1001:
998:
994:
986:
982:
977:
970:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
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926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
909:
904:
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892:
887:
883:
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877:
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869:
865:
861:
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853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
771:
767:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
692:
687:
680:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
659:
654:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
619:Konknni Yuvak
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
587:
585:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
555:Indo-European
552:
548:
542:
538:
530:
526:
519:
512:
508:
503:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
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309:
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257:
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210:
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200:
199:
194:
190:
186:
182:
173:
168:
160:
158:
156:
151:
147:
146:Panemangalore
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
118:
113:
105:
103:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
84:coconut trees
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
24:
3734:. Retrieved
3728:
3716:. Retrieved
3710:
3702:
3695:. Retrieved
3686:
3670:. Retrieved
3661:
3643:. Retrieved
3634:
3616:. Retrieved
3601:
3592:North Canara
3583:
3562:cite journal
3550:. Retrieved
3543:the original
3534:
3506:cite journal
3494:. Retrieved
3485:
3466:. Retrieved
3451:
3430:
3417:. Retrieved
3410:
3387:
3378:
3359:
3347:. Retrieved
3332:
3312:
3302:15 September
3300:. Retrieved
3285:
3272:. Retrieved
3257:
3244:. Retrieved
3229:
3209:
3194:. Retrieved
3179:
3159:
3147:. Retrieved
3132:
3116:. Retrieved
3110:
3097:. Retrieved
3091:
3077:
3058:
3046:. Retrieved
3031:
3011:
2998:
2986:
2967:
2955:. Retrieved
2948:the original
2939:
2922:. Retrieved
2906:
2890:. Retrieved
2886:the original
2870:
2860:
2850:20 September
2848:. Retrieved
2833:
2822:20 September
2820:. Retrieved
2805:
2789:. Retrieved
2774:
2744:. Retrieved
2729:the original
2718:
2706:
2701:, p. 26
2694:
2679:
2674:, p. 47
2667:
2652:
2637:
2613:14 September
2611:. Retrieved
2604:
2594:
2582:. Retrieved
2572:
2557:
2552:, p. 16
2545:
2533:
2506:. Retrieved
2502:the original
2488:
2483:, p. 78
2476:
2471:, p. 21
2456:, p. 32
2426:, p. 77
2400:
2395:, p. 31
2369:. Retrieved
2365:the original
2354:
2349:, p. 86
2324:
2319:, p. 19
2302:, p. 18
2295:
2290:, p. 73
2283:
2256:, p. 10
2241:, p. 82
2234:
2229:, p. 25
2222:
2217:, p. 79
2210:
2205:, p. 12
2198:
2178:, p. 52
2154:. Retrieved
2150:the original
2139:
2127:. Retrieved
2117:
2105:. Retrieved
2091:
2081:14 September
2079:. Retrieved
2075:the original
2065:
2053:. Retrieved
2049:the original
2035:
2025:14 September
2023:. Retrieved
2019:the original
2009:
1994:
1982:
1967:
1955:. Retrieved
1944:
1932:. Retrieved
1928:the original
1921:
1911:
1896:
1884:
1868:
1858:25 September
1856:. Retrieved
1843:
1831:. Retrieved
1824:the original
1810:
1728:. Retrieved
1721:
1712:
1671:. Retrieved
1664:
1655:
1640:
1614:. Retrieved
1607:
1597:
1585:. Retrieved
1581:the original
1551:. Retrieved
1547:the original
1540:
1531:
1519:
1504:
1489:
1474:
1448:. Retrieved
1441:
1412:
1402:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1375:
1367:
1357:
1352:
1351:
1326:
1317:Sorgim Thaun
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1286:
1276:
1255:
1229:
1178:
1126:
1123:handkerchief
1116:
1110:
1105:
1097:
1092:
1033:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1003:
990:
984:
956:
955:Procession (
941:St. Lawrence
936:
932:
916:
906:
900:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
843:
839:
836:betel leaves
831:
827:
819:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
788:coconut milk
783:
775:
774:
769:
762:
753:
745:
737:
729:
722:Krist-Prasad
721:
718:Confirmation
713:
705:
697:
695:
690:
670:
669:(2000), and
666:
662:
655:
646:
642:
638:
630:
626:
618:
614:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
588:
562:
544:
529:Michael Lobo
510:
506:
492:
471:
450:
429:
408:
387:
366:
345:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
235:
227:
225:
206:
196:
193:Rosachi Kadi
192:
180:
178:
126:Georg Plebst
123:
106:Architecture
20:
18:
3692:John Murray
3362:. Manohar.
3114:. H. Fisher
2924:4 September
2908:Antiquities
2766:Anvita Abbi
2713:, p. 8
2540:, p. 9
2528:, p. 5
2193:, p. 7
2055:28 February
1972:George 1992
1934:7 September
1833:10 February
1800:Maffei 2003
1782:Maffei 2001
1764:Maffei 2003
1034:Dharma sado
953:Eucharistic
933:Attur Jatre
925:Tipu Sultan
903:Good Friday
876:Novemjeevon
792:coconut oil
750:Holy Orders
706:Povitr-Snan
658:genealogist
603:Konkan Daiz
509:(2001) and
102:trees etc.
64:terra cotta
40:Mangalorean
21:culture of
3750:Categories
3736:15 October
3718:15 October
3672:26 October
3645:27 October
3419:20 January
3349:15 October
3246:22 January
3196:5 December
3118:18 January
3048:31 January
2791:22 January
2758:References
2686:, p.
2659:, p.
2644:, p.
2584:1 February
2564:, p.
2424:D'Sa. 1972
2371:15 January
2331:, p.
2275:, p.
2129:3 November
2107:20 October
2001:, p.
1974:, p.
1903:, p.
1875:, p.
1853:Ethnologue
1802:, p.
1784:, p.
1766:, p.
1730:3 November
1647:, p.
1616:26 October
1511:, p.
1496:, p.
1481:, p.
1219:converts.
937:Attur Fest
908:Monti Fest
868:Porthoponn
621:(1949) by
567:North Goan
559:Ethnologue
371:To advise
244:declension
3628:"History"
3468:29 August
3274:24 August
3099:7 January
2904:(1988) .
2623:cite news
2606:The Hindu
2481:D'Sa 1972
2347:D'Sa 1972
2288:D'Sa 1972
2239:D'Sa 1972
2215:D'Sa 1972
1923:The Hindu
1740:cite news
1723:The Hindu
1683:cite news
1673:29 August
1666:The Hindu
1626:cite news
1609:The Hindu
1542:The Hindu
1460:cite news
1443:The Hindu
1301:Mangalore
1291:SĂŁo Paulo
1279:Mangalore
1251:cathecism
1201:Kshatriya
1148:chakrasar
1078:. Except
1045:chakrasar
929:Hyder Ali
846:(wedding
840:badalchen
816:betrothal
780:anointing
758:Matrimony
726:Eucharist
714:Thiravnni
698:Sakrament
615:Sukh-Dukh
563:Mangalore
505:Sources:
467:Elizabeth
446:Sylvester
413:Birthday
240:Magdalene
100:areca nut
92:ice apple
88:jackfruit
60:red oxide
3655:"People"
3208:(1999).
2997:(1887).
2937:(1972).
2746:12 March
1645:Sen 2004
1409:â
1364:â
1185:Charodis
993:Jodhpuri
872:Honvious
828:Paan Pod
665:(1999),
627:Poinnari
350:Beloved
329:Meaning
298:such as
187: â
136:and the
80:orchards
56:porticos
3618:18 June
3588:Coompta
3492:(Japan)
2508:20 June
2156:22 June
1957:1 March
1587:4 March
1450:5 April
1374:) from
1344:voviyos
1338:yejmani
1322:voviyos
1213:Padvals
1209:Shudras
1205:Vaishya
1193:Brahmin
1189:Shudras
1087:dantoni
1075:dantoni
1006:). The
1000:turbans
949:Karkala
895:Karkala
856:Ayaponn
734:Penance
730:Prachit
710:Baptism
579:Kannada
513:(2003)
479:Female
455:Wooded
416:Female
409:Natalia
404:Natalia
383:Matthew
374:Female
353:Female
288:D'Souza
198:Patrode
161:Cuisine
98:trees,
94:trees,
90:trees,
44:Konkani
3697:1 July
3609:
3552:5 June
3496:8 July
3459:
3438:
3394:
3366:
3340:
3319:
3293:
3265:
3237:
3216:
3187:
3166:
3149:8 July
3140:
3078:Indica
3065:
3039:
3018:
3003:Bombay
2974:
2957:25 May
2915:
2892:20 May
2878:
2841:
2813:
2782:
1553:9 July
1372:Bardez
1332:yejman
1315:, and
1249:, the
1247:sermon
1233:gurkar
1181:BÄmaášs
1113:sarong
1081:datoni
1072:, and
997:Coorgi
860:Onpnni
852:Pirduk
850:) and
820:Voulik
808:Soirik
800:Vordik
796:Resper
752:) and
611:Bombay
607:Kannik
599:Raknno
488:Joseph
472:Isabel
463:Zâbel
434:Stone
421:Pedru
388:Mateus
379:Motes
367:MĂłnica
362:Monica
358:Monku
312:Shenoy
310:, and
300:Prabhu
274:, and
256:Isabel
236:Mornel
234:) and
208:Kuswar
48:ethnic
34:&
3658:(PDF)
3631:(PDF)
3546:(PDF)
3533:. 1.
3531:(PDF)
3484:. 2.
3482:(PDF)
2951:(PDF)
2944:(PDF)
2736:, 77
1827:(PDF)
1820:(PDF)
1421:Notes
1293:) of
1161:dress
1142:kutav
1136:todop
1118:Dhoti
1101:masli
1069:kanto
1063:mugud
1057:karap
1039:kanti
1008:Urmal
1004:Urmal
917:Novem
880:Novem
804:Voran
500:Male
484:Zoze
458:Male
451:Silas
442:Ĺ ila
437:Male
430:Pedro
425:Peter
400:Nâtu
395:Male
346:Maria
337:Mâri
304:Kamat
292:Pinto
286:like
272:Pedro
268:Pedru
260:ZuĂŁuĂą
252:Zâbel
228:ZuĂŁuĂą
185:Sanna
76:ponds
72:wells
3738:2008
3720:2008
3699:2009
3674:2008
3647:2008
3620:2008
3607:ISBN
3575:help
3554:2009
3519:help
3498:2008
3470:2008
3457:ISBN
3436:ISBN
3421:2009
3392:ISBN
3364:ISBN
3351:2008
3338:ISBN
3317:ISBN
3304:2008
3291:ISBN
3276:2008
3263:ISBN
3248:2009
3235:ISBN
3214:ISBN
3198:2008
3185:ISBN
3164:ISBN
3151:2008
3138:ISBN
3120:2009
3101:2009
3063:ISBN
3050:2009
3037:ISBN
3016:ISBN
2972:ISBN
2959:2009
2926:2008
2913:ISBN
2894:2011
2876:ISBN
2852:2008
2839:ISBN
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