Knowledge (XXG)

Cosco Busan oil spill

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simulators, the low contribution of human-oriented research and its public support, as well as the readiness of manufacturers to develop more integrated and reliable process control systems. Although an inappropriate behaviour of the parties involved in the accident can be proved by the investigation report, the true causes of such accident like the container ship "Cosco Busan" stay in the darkness or in the field of speculation! The faulty design of man-machine-interfaces and deficiencies in information processing and others remain largely unmentioned. Based on a careful analysis of the accident documents the author proves that technical weaknesses were overlooked as well as failures in displaying and processing of information had not been taken into account. For the developers of new support systems and the aimed level of "dependability" of integrated ship bridge systems this is a great disadvantage.
628: 276: 648: 413:. The indictment included six felonies for allegedly falsifying documents to interfere with a federal investigation and two misdemeanor counts of criminal negligence for allegedly helping to cause the spill. The company offered to plead guilty to the misdemeanors. This federal criminal case was resolved when Fleet paid $ 10 million in fines and restitution. $ 8 million went to a victim/witness fund and $ 2 million went to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation to be used for environmental projects in the Bay Area. 381: 455: 675: 45: 2643: 2631: 1471: 431:
On 6 March 2009, Cota negotiated a plea agreement with prosecutors to federal water pollution and migratory bird killing charges. The agreement called for him to serve two to ten months in prison and included a fine between $ 3,000 and $ 30,000. On 10 July, he was sentenced to 10 months imprisonment.
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Lack of investigation of accidents at sea and the rash classification of the causes in the category of "human error" will help to cover weaknesses in the design of man-machine-interfaces. This is supported by legal regulations for the Bridge Team Management, the high investment cost for ship handling
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According to the federal and state natural resource trustee agencies, the spill is estimated to have killed 6,849 birds. 2,519 were collected: 1,084 were collected alive (789 of which died; 295 of which were rehabilitated and released) and 1,856 were collected dead. About 200 miles (320 km) of
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Several fisheries in the Bay Area may have been affected by the spill and the crab and sport fishing seasons were postponed by several weeks. As of 30 November, State biologists had tested more than 1100 samples of fish, mussels and Dungeness crab in San Francisco Bay and coastal waters outside the
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shoreline and wildlife were seriously affected by the spill. Beaches and shorelines were closed, but later reopened. However, access was still restricted as of December 2007. The government organizations responsible for the cleanup response and recovery devoted much effort to the East Bay and Rodeo
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Initial official releases from public agencies warned against involvement of volunteers, and worked to deflect volunteers into non-contact activities. This included asking people to act as drivers for bird transport, or as support staff to other efforts. The U.S. Coast Guard directed volunteers to
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certification, a minimum of 24 hours of classroom time, before involvement in any effort that may result in oil contact. Eventually, and after significant pressure from would-be volunteers, a four-hour "Disaster Service Worker Volunteer Certification" subset of the course was offered. OSHA rules
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declared a state of emergency after meeting federal, state and local officials overseeing the cleanup. The proclamation made additional state personnel, funding and equipment available to assess and clean up the
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Beach since they were the areas most impacted. The Rodeo Beach and Albany Beach segments were the last ones to be signed off as cleaned because of the additional maintenance and monitoring that were required.
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criticized the Coast Guard for its response, as its initial reported figures, between 100 and 400 US gal (380 and 1,510 L) of oil, were significantly lower than those of the actual spill.
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the absence of a comprehensive pre-departure master/pilot exchange and a lack of effective communication between Pilot John Cota and Master, Captain Mao Cai Sun during the accident voyage, and
2538: 938:. Emergency Response Division, Office of Response and Restoration, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commerce. 2010. Archived from 535:, which typically enter the bay in December, were killed in areas affected by the spill. It is estimated that 14 to 29% of the herring spawn in winter 2007-8 were lost due to the spill. 1071: 1869: 621:, with a new crew working her decks. US$ 1.5 million in repairs were completed to the bridge fender, three weeks ahead of schedule and $ 500,000 under budget around the same time. 1944: 1419: 245:
while piloting the container vessel, which rendered him unable to use the onboard radar and electronic navigation charts correctly. This occurred despite the fact that the
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An estimated 1,079,900 recreational use days were also lost as a result of the spill. This includes general shoreline use as well as recreational fishing and boating.
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so thick that he could see only 200 feet ahead and sailing at an unsafe speed. Cota faced seven federal charges for spilling oil and killing federally protected birds.
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the U.S. Coast Guard's failure to provide adequate medical oversight of Cota, in view of the medical and medication information he had reported to the Coast Guard.
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Total monetary damages were estimated at $ 2.1 million for the ship, $ 1.5 million for the bridge's fender, and more than $ 70 million for oil spill cleanup.
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In addition, investigations conducted by independent experts from the international maritime community also highlighted the potential effects of insufficient
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On 19 September 2011, federal, state, and local agencies announced a final comprehensive civil settlement for $ 44.4 million. It included the following:
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On 23 October 2008, the California state Board of Pilot Commissioners released a report, saying the spill was the result of a series of mistakes by the
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Ad-hoc volunteers were discouraged from cleaning beaches during the early days following the spill, as government workers and private contractor
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failed to plan the ship's course out of the bay and then forged his colleagues' signatures on a plan drafted after the accident. And Third Mate
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Captain John Cota. The 18-page report found Cota had made seven serious errors in piloting the ship, including failing to correctly read an
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warned Cota that the vessel was headed for the bridge. Cota was sentenced to 10 months in federal prison for his role in the incident.
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crewmembers, including a failure to ensure that the crew understood and complied with the company's safety management system;
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require exactly 240 minutes of classroom time, and the certification is valid for only one incident, e.g., this oil spill.
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handled the official disaster response. On 11 November 2007, cleanup and reports were focused on damage assessment of
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The tidal mechanics of San Francisco Bay caused the spill to spread rapidly, affecting a large area of the California
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Golden Gate. The tests found unsafe levels of contaminants in mussels from Rodeo Beach and the Berkeley pier.
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On 23 July 2008, a federal grand jury indicted Fleet Management Ltd. of Hong Kong, the company that operated
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Rosenker, Mark V.; Sumwalt, Robert L.; Higgins, Kathryn O'Leary; Hersman, Deborah A. P. (18 February 2009).
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with the Delta Tower of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge, San Francisco, California, November 7, 2007
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On Friday 30 November 2007, the United States government filed a lawsuit against the ship and the pilot.
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meekly abdicated control of his ship to a pilot who was affected by pharmaceuticals. First Mate
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https://safety4sea.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/NTSB-Cosco-Busan-allision-November-2007.pdf
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Captain Sun's ineffective oversight of Cota's piloting performance and the vessel's progress.
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the pilot's degraded cognitive performance from his use of impairing prescription medications
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Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Planning for the COSCO Busan Oil Spill
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https://www.dco.uscg.mil/Portals/9/DCO%20Documents/5p/CG-5PC/INV/docs/documents/Cosco.pdf
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Natural Resource Damage Assessment for the COSCO Busan Oil Spill Bird Injury Summary
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Robert Selna; Heather Knight; Jonathan Curiel; Jane Kay (13 November 2007).
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https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/Mgmt/OIG_08-38_Apr08.pdf
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Marine Accident Report: Allision of Hong Kong-Registered Containership M/V
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Public Affairs USCG District 11: Non-oiled beaches in need of clean up
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coastline, incorporating 3,367 acres, was oiled. The eggs laid by
453: 445:$ 10.9 million for unpaid government response and assessment costs 421: 379: 274: 198: 168:
53,569 US gal (202,780 L; 44,606 imp gal)
1401: 1327:"Patched-up Cosco Busan Sails Out of Bay, Lawsuits in its Wake" 845:(Report). NTSB/MAR-09/01. National Transportation Safety Board 425: 779:"Old Bridge Bumper Technology Means Future Oil Spills Likely" 1392: 1183:(Report). California Office of Spill Prevention and Response 1157:(Report). California Office of Spill Prevention and Response 297:
determined the following probable causes of the accident:
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John Cota was impaired because of his use of prescription
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left his post as lookout to eat breakfast. Second Mate
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Steve Hampton; Greg Baker; Al Donner (February 2008).
1140:, City of Richmond website, retrieved 18 December 2007 1204:"The spill threatens to delay opening of crab season" 1176:
Steve Hampton; Greg Baker; Al Donner (January 2008).
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University of California, Davis (12 November 2007).
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warns of shoreline closure due to oil contamination.
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design, contributing to such accidents even though "
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Next to it is the 1249:"Volunteers Rush Through Training, Start Cleanup" 989:"Oil Spill Ship Pilot Found at Fault in Accident" 1015:"Captain involved in SF oil spill pleads guilty" 657:departing San Francisco under its new name, MSC 1955:San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park 368: 1388:Cosco Busan Natural Resource Damage Assessment 1353:"Bay Bridge Fender Repaired Ahead of Schedule" 722:"Bay Bridge fender repaired ahead of schedule" 613:, sailed out of San Francisco Bay en route to 343:failed to monitor the ship’s path using GPS. 315:the failure of Fleet Management Ltd. to train 1413: 511:By 14 November 2007, beaches as far south as 201:on 7 November 2007 between San Francisco and 8: 2616:Transportation in the San Francisco Bay Area 2595:San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science 1301:"Oiled-bird Being Rescued in San Francisco" 1420: 1406: 1398: 829: 827: 825: 461:languish about the shores and wetlands of 43: 31: 2734:November 2007 events in the United States 2694:Environment of the San Francisco Bay Area 1393:Fleet Management Limited official website 1905:Emeryville Crescent State Marine Reserve 805:"Oil Spill Spreads in San Francisco Bay" 2719:Maritime incidents in the United States 2539:Conservation and Development Commission 713: 623: 27:2007 oil spill in the San Francisco Bay 2499:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Bay Model 1930:Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge 1875:San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge 963:"Felony Charges for Ship's Management" 803:Marshall, Carolyn (10 November 2007). 2704:History of the San Francisco Bay Area 1890:Hayward Shoreline Interpretive Center 311:Other contributing factors included: 7: 1870:Don Edwards National Wildlife Refuge 566:rules were interpreted as requiring 515:, had been closed due to the spill. 475:Golden Gate National Recreation Area 295:National Transportation Safety Board 2669:2007 disasters in the United States 1945:National Estuarine Research Reserve 1837:Stockton Deepwater Shipping Channel 902:"San Francisco Bay Bridge Allision" 442:$ 1.25 million for state penalties. 387:Overflight Map 2007-11-09 1205–1325 2699:Environmental issues in California 1975:Palo Alto Baylands Nature Preserve 1832:Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta 1351:Staff writers (22 December 2007). 1202:Brian Hoffman (10 November 2007). 120: 25: 1597:Creeks (discharging into the Bay) 1325:Marisa Lagos (21 December 2007). 1072:"San Francisco Bay Oil Spill Map" 900:Diethard Kersandt (August 2008). 176:150 sq mi (390 km) 2709:Maritime accidents involving fog 2642: 2641: 2629: 1677:Arroyo Corte Madera del Presidio 1469: 689:1971 San Francisco Bay oil spill 673: 646: 626: 232:San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge 143:San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge 2724:Oil spills in the United States 1925:Point Pinole Regional Shoreline 1920:Brooks Island Regional Preserve 1910:Point Isabel Regional Shoreline 1900:McLaughlin Eastshore State Park 1880:Eden Landing Ecological Reserve 1275:"Bay Cleanup Efforts Expanding" 593:University of California, Davis 2385:San Francisco Bay Ferry (WETA) 1039:Staff writers (20 July 2009). 987:Carl Nolte (24 October 2008). 887:"Prisoners of the Cosco Busan" 777:John Upton (5 November 2009). 748:"Prisoners of the COSCO Busan" 1: 2554:Citizens for East Shore Parks 2519:Golden Gate Biosphere Reserve 1965:Oyster Bay Regional Shoreline 1273:Jane Kay (11 November 2007). 681:San Francisco Bay Area portal 2418:Hunters Point Naval Shipyard 1970:Big Break Regional Shoreline 1940:Middle Harbor Shoreline Park 1935:Coyote Point Recreation Area 1013:Elias, Paul (6 March 2009). 209:, sometimes referred to as " 60:with the bridge tower fender 1357:The San Francisco Chronicle 1331:The San Francisco Chronicle 1279:The San Francisco Chronicle 1253:The San Francisco Chronicle 1208:The San Francisco Chronicle 993:The San Francisco Chronicle 967:The San Francisco Chronicle 961:Bob Egelko (24 July 2008). 2750: 2714:Maritime incidents in 2007 2423:Mare Island Naval Shipyard 2370:Angel Island–Tiburon Ferry 1895:Crown Memorial State Beach 1885:Hayward Regional Shoreline 1467: 783:The San Francisco Examiner 746:John Upton (27 May 2009). 607:, having been renamed the 230:struck Delta Tower of the 2684:2007 industrial disasters 2624: 1102:"Pacifica Beaches Closed" 603:On 21 December 2007, the 559:clean non-oiled beaches. 251:United States Coast Guard 237:Investigators found that 65: 42: 2438:Oyster Point Marina/Park 2267:Eastern span replacement 1233:21 December 2007 at the 424:on the ship, sailing in 228:Fleet Management Limited 154:Fleet Management Limited 2729:Petroleum in California 2689:Disasters in California 2679:2007 in the environment 2589:San Francisco Baykeeper 2489:San Leandro Oyster Beds 591:to be rehabilitated by 562:For the first few days 360:human-machine interface 184:26 mi (42 km) 2559:Friends of Five Creeks 1847:Laguna Creek Watershed 1772:Marin (Alameda County) 1136:6 January 2008 at the 466: 388: 373: 356: 290: 247:Vessel Traffic Service 207:IFO-380 heavy fuel oil 101:37.80073°N 122.37486°W 2544:The Watershed Project 2524:Cosco Busan oil spill 2403:Port of San Francisco 2375:Blue & Gold Fleet 2290:Dumbarton Rail Bridge 2262:San Francisco–Oakland 1950:China Camp State Park 1812:Clifton Court Forebay 1807:Straits and estuaries 1531:Richmond Inner Harbor 1131:Oil Spill Information 1045:The Cunningham Report 457: 383: 325: 278: 260:Arnold Schwarzenegger 160:Spill characteristics 18:COSCO Busan oil spill 2564:Urban Creeks Council 2428:Port of Redwood City 2347:Posey/Webster Street 1622:Coyote (Santa Clara) 752:The East Bay Express 513:Pacifica, California 265:environmental damage 106:37.80073; -122.37486 2601:Estuary Partnership 2274:Richmond–San Rafael 1852:Guadalupe watershed 1802:Lafayette Reservoir 1797:Calaveras Reservoir 1767:Fluvius Innominatus 1456:List of tributaries 1112:on 27 February 2008 724:. 22 December 2007. 639:Richmond Marina Bay 581:The O'Brien's Group 397:San Francisco Mayor 257:California Governor 203:Oakland, California 97: /  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Index

COSCO Busan oil spill

MV Cosco Busan
alliding
San Francisco Bay
37°48′03″N 122°22′29″W / 37.80073°N 122.37486°W / 37.80073; -122.37486
allision
San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge
Fleet Management Limited
UTC-8
Oakland, California
IFO-380 heavy fuel oil
bunker fuel
San Francisco Bay
container ship
Cosco Busan
Fleet Management Limited
San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge
maritime pilot
pharmaceuticals
Vessel Traffic Service
United States Coast Guard
California Governor
Arnold Schwarzenegger
environmental damage

SS Oceanic
National Transportation Safety Board
East Bay Express
human-machine interface

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