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traditional horned helmet — which protects the forehead, eyes and face — is highly required. Suffering a hit in the face or on the head means instantly losing the game. The roles of the attacker and defender are reversed after each whip strikes. After four turns, the winner is decided, and the next pair of opponents will be taken to the arena and have their fight.
247:). Their lower backs and ankles are adorned with small jingling bells, which make peculiar sounds when moving and fighting. The upper body is intentionally uncovered in order to be exposed to the whips' lashes. The masked helmets are made of buffalo hide that is wrapped in colourful cloths with horn-like headgear, along with head-cloths worn over the face.
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Fights were traditionally held almost weekly but waned in popularity until they only took place during festivals. Today however, the interest from tourists has made caci more common. But with changing agricultural circumstances, the art today is disconnected from its traditional symbolism. The length
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All parts of the opponent's body is allowed to be struck. However, contenders will mostly aim for the opponent's upper body, especially their head, since landing a successful assault on the opponent's face or head is considered to be the highest point. Therefore, wearing protective equipment like the
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Caci can still be seen in its original context during the Penti ceremony, which are held usually at 5-year intervals. Caci is most frequently performed during Penti, a traditional harvest festival to mark the end of harvest and the beginning of the new crop cycle. During Penti festivals, caci fights
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Matches are usually held in the yard of a communal house. Younger boys compete early in the day while senior fighter and champion fights take part during the afternoon. During the match, musicians, who are usually women will gather and play drums and gongs as a musical accompaniment to encourage the
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Although caci is often considered as somewhat a playful competitive sporting event, it also has a sacrificial function. According to local belief, if the back of a fighter's body gets whipped, there will be a good harvest. The blood dripping from the wound constitutes as an offering to the ancestors
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A caci whip fight is performed by two contenders — always male — who usually comes from different villages. After a starting signal, the whip and shield duel commences. During the start of the match, the contenders might go back and forth in a prancing manner, thus jiggling and ringings the bells
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According to local folklore, caci during festivals began with two brothers who owned a buffalo. When the younger brother fell into a deep hole, the older brother had to slaughter the buffalo to get its skin to help his sibling escape from the hole. The community celebrated this act of love with a
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Caci in modern times is often mistaken to be a dance, but actually throughout its history until as recently as the 1970s, it was a realistic fighting art. Seasoned fighters were heavily scarred on their upper body, while losers further had the mark of the defeating blow on their face, or worse —
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In a caci match, the two fighters take turns alternately attacking and defending. The attacker is permitted three blows to any part of the anatomy, while the defender attempts to block with his shield. The defender is not allowed to attack while defending, but in the case of whip-fighting the
354:). In former times, championship bouts were held in which the objective was to blind the opponent's eye. The winner is required to happily sing a quatrain while the loser replies in a low voice to show despair. Participants must be agile, physically fit and able to sing local songs.
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attached on their hips and ankles. The ringing of the bells is meant to be a provocation, initiating some moves to taunt each opponent and enliven the battle. While in the background, musicians beat the drums and gongs, and the supporters cheering.
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might last at least a full day — but more often they may take two or three days — accompanied by the music of gongs and drums, attracting people to come to cheer and support the champion from their village, and it was held in such festivities.
187:, where this ritual whip fight has become a major element of its people's cultural identity. Originated as a part of harvest ritual, this whip dueling spectacle has grown to become an attraction for foreign as well as domestic visitors.
397:, the caci whip fight is performed by the men of the Ndolu ethnic group during the peak of the Karong Woja Wole traditional festival. Karong Woja Wole is a traditional harvest ceremony, marked by delivering newly reaped rice from the
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defender may spin the whip above his head to prevent the attacker from closing in. Stick techniques on the other hand are all swings with no thrusting or poking allowed.
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of Java and measures 3 feet (0.91 m) in length. The long whip is 5–6 feet (1.5–1.8 m) long and is made from palm stems tied together with either
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Caci at one time served as a form of dispute management or conflict settlement within and between villages. Fighters are divided into the host group (
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hide. The stick is an undecorated piece of hardwood measuring 1–1.5 yards (0.91–1.37 m) long and 2 inches (5.1 cm) in diameter.
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Caci whip fighting is one of the traditional fighting arts of the
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meaning test, indicating a one-on-one test between the fighters. Caci is an ancient fighting art indigenous to the
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having one of his eyes blind. Today however, injuries are usually shallow enough to heal within a few days.
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Caci fighter wearing horned helmet, songket sarong with bells, and holding a rattan whip and shield.
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The shield has a round or elliptical shape. Also traditionally undecorated, it is known as
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Caci duel using whip and shield, Manggarai on Flores Island, East Nusa
Tenggara, Indonesia.
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of the ritual is drastically shortened, showing only fragments of the actual fight.
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when made of wood. Both the whip and the stick form were traditionally practiced in
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Competitors are bare-chested and wear pants covered by an embroidered woven
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262:). The whip may be either long or short. The short whip corresponds to the
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distributed within the greater
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Caci fighting video Caci Congko Lokap
Gendang Poncung "beke" in Ruteng
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635:"Image Finder: 'Karong Woja Wole' A rice ceremony from the East"
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Women playing a drum as musical accompaniment for Caci fighting.
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Caci warriors preparing to perform during a festival in
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508:(Tuttle martial arts ed.). Tuttle Publishing.
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505:Weapons & Fighting Arts of Indonesia
409:(traditional house) in Waekekik hamlet.
179:. Caci performance is most prevalent in
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338:on Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara.
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584:. West Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara
403:(crop field) on Ndolu Hill, to the
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611:. Labuan Bajo, NTT. Archived from
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2487:Marine Corps Martial Arts Program
576:Indra Harsaputra (5 April 2013).
554:Flores Tourism Information Center
108:. It appears to be indigenous to
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605:"Caci, the Warrior's Whip Dance"
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768:Liberal democracy era (1950–59)
578:"Manifesting strength and love"
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285:when made of buffalo hide and
224:Styles, equipments and weapons
128:. The art is sometimes called
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862:Environmental issues
550:"Caci Whip Fighting"
209:Lesser Sunda Islands
102:fighting with a whip
19:For other uses, see
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1947:Brazilian jiu-jitsu
783:New Order (1966–98)
743:VOC era (1603–1800)
427:Martial arts portal
301:Rules and technique
144:in Riung, while in
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641:. 31 December 2016
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1972:Malla-yuddha
1909:Punching bag
1899:Boxing glove
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977:Constitution
835:Conservation
791:(since 1998)
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617:. Retrieved
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559:2020-04-08
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2997:Whip arts
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2800:Wrestling
2795:Taekwondo
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2606:Wrestling
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2790:Karate
2775:Boxing
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2730:Boxing
2703:Aikido
2665:Karate
2638:Savate
2596:Karate
2581:Boxing
2409:Shooto
2185:Aikido
2137:Savate
2087:Karate
2062:Boxing
1942:Barróg
1770:Flying
1745:Ground
1740:Clinch
1697:Russia
1645:Europe
1524:Portal
1430:Emblem
1420:Anthem
1365:Health
1252:Cinema
1185:Piracy
1109:Energy
1041:Police
914:Rivers
818:Cities
700:
512:
336:Ruteng
279:giling
268:rattan
264:cambuk
252:tereng
245:sarong
215:Legend
185:Ruteng
171:, and
161:Flores
130:cacing
122:Lombok
110:Flores
2915:Sambo
2823:Sambo
2805:Wushu
2708:Wushu
2688:Sambo
2633:Glima
2538:Wuxia
2320:MCMAP
2290:Arnis
2122:Sanda
2082:Dambe
2057:Bando
2037:shoot
2002:catch
1982:Sambo
1812:Throw
1802:Sweep
1780:Stomp
1730:Punch
1682:Korea
1670:Japan
1650:India
1640:China
1534:Atlas
1510:Index
1484:Songs
1469:Motto
1397:Women
1327:Sport
1297:Music
1292:Media
1267:Dance
1247:Batik
1218:Candi
1175:Crime
1104:Banks
902:Flora
897:Fauna
877:Lakes
260:agang
256:agang
142:kebat
138:larik
106:stick
44:Focus
2900:Judo
2855:Judo
2780:Judo
2740:Judo
2680:Sumo
2623:Budō
2591:Judo
2012:folk
1992:Sumo
1952:Judo
1894:Kata
1837:Duel
1792:Hold
1765:Kick
1452:Flag
1055:List
621:2015
590:2015
523:2015
510:ISBN
197:caci
173:East
165:West
150:ende
134:ende
120:and
118:Bali
89:Caci
27:Caci
21:Caci
2032:oil
1242:Art
997:Law
393:In
350:or
281:or
254:or
140:or
132:or
112:in
104:or
2978::
2612:,
2374:/
637:.
607:.
580:.
568:^
552:.
531:^
492:^
211:.
205:ci
201:ca
167:,
152:.
124:,
82:No
61:,
2616:)
2608:(
2519:)
2515:(
2279:/
2221:/
1958:)
1954:(
1568:e
1561:t
1554:v
1057:)
1053:(
1020:)
1016:(
690:e
683:t
676:v
648:.
623:.
592:.
562:.
525:.
240:(
91:(
23:.
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