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492:. In Poland that custom arrived together with the coming of Christianity. The next day (December 25) begins with the early morning mass followed by daytime masses. According to scripture, the Christmas Day masses are interchangeable allowing for greater flexibility in choosing the religious services by individual parishioners.
418:. Others partake in the practice of placing money under the tablecloth for each guest, in order to wish for prosperity in the coming year. Some practice the superstition that an even number of people must be seated around the table. In many homes an empty place setting is symbolically left at the table for the
425:
The supper begins with the breaking of the opłatek wafer. Everyone at the table breaks off a piece and eats it as a symbol of their unity with Christ. They then share a piece with each family member. A tradition exists among some families to serve twelve different dishes at
Wigilia symbolizing the
411:, that it has been given an affectionate name of "the little star" or Gwiazdka (the female counterpart of St. Nicholas). On that evening, children watch the sky anxiously hoping to be the first to cry out, "The star has come!" Only after it appears, the family members sit down to a dinner table.
488:", the Midnight Mass at the local church. The tradition commemorates the arrival of the shepherds to Bethlehem and their paying of respect and bearing witness to the newborn Messiah. The custom of Christmas night liturgy was introduced in the Christian churches after the second half of the
365:", a thin wafer into which a holy picture is pressed. In the old days, people carried these wafers from house to house wishing their neighbors a Merry Christmas. Nowadays, opłatek is mostly shared with members of the family and immediate neighbors before the Christmas Eve supper (
480:
The remainder of the evening is given to stories and songs around the
Christmas tree. In some areas of the country, children are taught that "The Little Star" brings gifts. As presents are unwrapped, carollers may walk from house to house receiving treats along the way.
404:, is often spent visiting friends. In Polish tradition, people combine religion and family closeness at Christmas. Although gift-giving plays a major role in the rituals, the emphasis is placed more on the making of special foods and decorations.
205:. Well-behaved children receive small gifts on the day, whereas naughty children receive a lump of coal or a twig, called "rózga". The highlight of the holiday is the most significant day, Christmas Eve on the 24 December. Polish
221:. According to tradition, an empty place setting is symbolically left at the table for the Lord or, for a lost wanderer who may be in need of food or shelter. The supper begins with the breaking of the
617:
Polish blown-glass
Christmas ornaments are generally manufactured only in the winter season. The modern glass workshops and manufacturers tend to be localized in the southern regions of Poland.
373:). As each person shares pieces of the wafer with another, they are supposed to forgive each other any hurts that have occurred over the past year and wish them happiness in the coming year.
307:
figures. St. Nicholas does not play a major role on
Christmas Day, but is celebrated on his Saint feast day of December 6. He visits good children in secret and leaves presents for them.
2007:
2002:
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400:. The supper, which includes many traditional dishes and desserts can sometimes last for over two hours. It is followed by the exchange of gifts. The next day, the
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194:. Other trees are placed in most public areas and outside churches. Christmas in Poland is called "Boże Narodzenie", which translates to 'God's Birth'.
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182:. Later influences include the mutual permeating of local traditions and various folk cultures. It is one of the most important religious holidays for
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541:. The early Christmas music was Latin in origin. When the Polish words and melodies started to become popular, including many new secular
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including painted eggshells, shiny red apples, walnuts, wrapped chocolate shapes, candles, etc. They are lit on
Christmas Eve before
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or, for a lonely wanderer who may be in need of food, or if a deceased relative should come and would like to share in the meal.
303:(gingerbread), and the making of Christmas decorations. Pierniks are made in a variety of shapes, including hearts, animals, and
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551:, or shepherd's songs), they were not written down originally, but rather taught among people by heart. Notably, the song "
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are hung on the branches of the trees for wintery ambiance. Sometimes the trees are left standing until
February 2, the
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529:" held between 24 and 25 of December. The Christmas season often runs until February 2. The early hymns sung in the
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614:. Families and collectors value these ornaments for high quality, traditional artwork, and unique decorations.
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According to tradition, bits of hay are spread beneath the tablecloth as a reminder that Christ was born in a
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345:(day of January 6), the "gwiazdory", or the star carriers walk through the villages. Some of them sing
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known as "opłatek", a custom observed exclusively in Poland and two other countries. The meals must be
89:
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On the night of
Christmas Eve, so important is the appearance of the first star in remembrance of the
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feast begins at the appearance of the first star. There is no red meat served but fish, usually
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Other aspects of Polish
Christmas include nativity plays called "Jasełka" or "Herody", outdoor
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Christmas tree in a Polish home. Traditionally, they are decorated and lit on
Christmas Eve –
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details. Poland is a major exporter of
Christmas decorations, especially hand-blown ornaments
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developed gradually over the centuries, beginning in ancient times; combining old Polish
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449:(tortellini). Carp provides a main component of the Christmas Eve meal across Poland;
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are not celebrated in Poland until during-and-after the Christmas Vigil Mass called "
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430:, or perhaps, an odd number of dishes for good luck (usually five, seven, or nine).
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260:, a horse-pulled sleigh ride. The tradition of crafting and hand-making Christmas
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213:. During preparation, hay is spread beneath the tablecloth as a reminder that
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Poland produces some of the finest hand blown glass Christmas ornaments in
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Polish-American Liturgical Center.org. 2008. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
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in 1792 became the Christmas hymn of Poland already in the court of King
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Boże Narodzenie, www.pmkamsterdam.nl (Polska Misja Katolicka, Amsterdam)
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begins with the appearance of the first star, which corresponds to the
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on 6 December is the unofficial beginning of the festive season in
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808:"Traditional Christmas Eve in Poland- Wigilia w Polsce- tradycje"
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Polskie ręcznie wytwarzane i zdobione bombki choinkowe, katalog.
830:"The tradition of decorating the Christmas tree - Our Ancestors"
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985:
94:
Christmas markets are held in every major city, especially in
981:
567:. Many of the early Polish carols were collected in 1838 by
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Traditionally, the Christmas trees are decorated with glass
291:
Among the special tasks carried out in private homes during
110:
Nativity scene at the Catholic Church of Christ the King in
233:
and twelve different dishes are made, thus symbolizing the
158:
is a major annual celebration, as in most countries of the
322:. At the top of each tree there is a star or a glittering
361:). One tradition unique to Poland is the sharing of the "
353:). The last two customs are inspired by the traditional
349:; others recite verses or put on "szopki", or "herody" (
237:. The celebration ends with the exchange of gifts and a
861:. Drukarnia i Księgarnia św. Wojciecha. Archived from
855:"Pasterka przed północą... (Pasterka before midnight)"
701:"UNESCO - Nativity scene (szopka) tradition in Krakow"
433:
A traditional Wigilia supper in Poland includes fried
972:
Wigilia article from Pope John Paul II Polish Center
190:
are decorated and lit in family rooms on the day of
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186:, who follow a somewhat strict traditional custom.
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779:"How Poles Celebrate Christmas (Recipes Included)"
977:Wigilia article from the Polish Museum of America
967:Wigilia article from the Polish American Center
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473:or noodles with poppy seed. Often, there is a
295:(a time of waiting for the celebration of the
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859:Przewodnik Katolicki 02/2009 (Catholic Guide)
754:"Christmas - Tłumacz - Onet.pl Portal wiedzy"
8:
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924:Lista produktów kategorii Ozdoby Formowane.
16:Overview of the role of Christmas in Poland
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229:(with the exception of fish) as a sign of
689:
461:. Universal Polish Christmas foods are
334:of St. Mary of the Candle of Lighting.
926:Bilinski. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
602:Traditional Polish glass baubles with
590:(Pastorals and Carols with Melodies).
18:
2334:Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus
738:"Boże Narodzenie i polskie tradycje,"
7:
594:Polish hand-made Christmas ornaments
337:During Advent and all the way until
270:UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
46:UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
740:Polska Misja Katolicka, Amsterdam
14:
299:) is the baking of the Christmas
2755:
2754:
2210:Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004
2105:Old Santeclaus with Much Delight
889:Christmas Kolędy - Polish Carols
641:
627:
514:singing Christmas carols called
139:
119:
104:
88:
68:
53:
27:
940:Polish Christmas Eve Traditions
588:Pastorałki i Kolędy z Melodiami
2190:Bronner's Christmas Wonderland
2119:Christmas Day in the Workhouse
1502:Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
1281:Legend of the Christmas Spider
674:the Christmas Eve vigil supper
533:were brought to Poland by the
1:
2141:Christmas television specials
2040:The New Oxford Book of Carols
1127:Annunciation to the shepherds
314:, garlands and many homemade
2195:Christmas and holiday season
914:Retrieved December 29, 2014.
832:. 2022-12-13. Archived from
441:(beetroot soup) or mushroom
945:Poland Christmas Traditions
887:Lorraine Grochowsa Kiefer,
477:of dry fruits for a drink.
170:customs with the religious
3191:
1107:Adoration of the Shepherds
898:, at culture.polishsite.us
380:, the Christmas Eve supper
176:Christianization of Poland
2750:
2351:WWE Tribute to the Troops
2112:A Visit from St. Nicholas
2033:The Oxford Book of Carols
1609:Feast of the Seven Fishes
1172:Massacre of the Innocents
1021:
559:) with lyrics written by
484:Christmas Eve ends with "
469:dishes, and for dessert,
138:
118:
103:
87:
67:
52:
26:
2153:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
518:in Poland, 1929 postcard
392:, then of feasting. The
2315:Small Business Saturday
2185:Black Friday (shopping)
2180:Black Friday (partying)
1674:Nine Lessons and Carols
1604:Events and celebrations
3175:Christianity in Poland
2851:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1959:Post-War United States
876:"The Shepherds' Mass".
607:
547:
519:
499:, the Christmas carols
288:
2008:Hit singles in the US
2003:Hit singles in the UK
1564:Carols by Candlelight
1492:Santa Claus' daughter
1100:Adoration of the Magi
601:
506:
357:scenes or "Jasełka" (
283:
199:Day of Saint Nicholas
174:introduced after the
2300:Santa's Candy Castle
1624:Google Santa Tracker
561:Franciszek Karpiński
162:. The observance of
3165:Christmas in Poland
3067:States with limited
2803:Christmas in Europe
2305:Santa Claus Village
2220:Christmas Mountains
2126:Journey of the Magi
1132:Baptism of the Lord
957:Christmas in Poland
678:Christmas worldwide
635:Christianity portal
535:Franciscan Brothers
156:Christmas in Poland
148:with Saint Nicholas
22:Christmas in Poland
2415:Twelve-dish supper
2265:Jews and Christmas
2215:Christmas Lectures
1944:American Civil War
1679:NORAD Tracks Santa
1055:Saint Nicholas Day
950:2013-03-28 at the
894:2011-03-17 at the
785:on 18 January 2020
608:
520:
388:is a day first of
289:
78:dinner serving of
3170:Polish traditions
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3151:
2770:
2769:
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2410:Thirteen desserts
2330:Virginia O'Hanlon
2175:Advent Conspiracy
2089:Films (Christmas,
2081:A Christmas Carol
2026:Carols for Choirs
1569:Cavalcade of Magi
1549:Boar's Head Feast
1218:Star of Bethlehem
1189:Nativity of Jesus
1177:flight into Egypt
1062:St. Stephen's Day
810:. 7 December 2015
586:in a book called
569:Rev. Mioduszewski
409:Star of Bethlehem
326:. In many homes,
297:Nativity of Jesus
248:, the singing of
211:Star of Bethlehem
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3105:Dependencies and
2809:Sovereign states
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2345:Winter festivals
2095:Christmas horror
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1973:
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1659:Meals and feasts
1579:Christmas jumper
1526:
1497:Santa's reindeer
1449:
1395:Father Christmas
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1316:Santa's workshop
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1199:in later culture
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465:as well as some
453:fillet, carp in
343:baptism of Jesus
252:, most notably "
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42:Bronisław Pięcik
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2511:Poppy seed roll
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2340:White Christmas
2230:Christmas truce
2225:Christmas seals
2205:Christmas creep
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1971:
1965:
1802:
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1649:Lord of Misrule
1584:Christmas Peace
1534:Advent calendar
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1467:Knecht Ruprecht
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371:Polish language
351:nativity scenes
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246:nativity scenes
235:Twelve Apostles
223:Christmas wafer
188:Christmas trees
180:Catholic Church
160:Christian world
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836:on 2022-12-17
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649:Poland portal
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3096:Transnistria
2992:
2698:Gefilte fish
2646:Ponche crema
2481:Melomakarono
2349:
2240:Cyber Monday
2145:
2110:
2079:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2021:Music books
2014:
1903:
1852:Nazi Germany
1744:
1740:Secret Santa
1727:
1614:Flying Santa
1321:Tió de Nadal
1271:Korvatunturi
1122:Annunciation
1088:Christianity
1069:Sol Invictus
919:
883:
871:
863:the original
858:
849:
838:. Retrieved
834:the original
824:
812:. Retrieved
787:. Retrieved
783:the original
773:
762:. Retrieved
758:the original
748:
708:. Retrieved
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459:gefilte fish
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305:St. Nicholas
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215:Jesus Christ
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74:Traditional
3134:Isle of Man
3069:recognition
3043:Switzerland
2978:Netherlands
2713:Roast goose
2634:Mulled wine
2614:Champurrado
2609:Apple cider
2583:Bread sauce
2536:Szaloncukor
2516:Pumpkin pie
2466:Gingerbread
2420:Smörgåsbord
2061:Other media
1899:Philippines
1889:New Zealand
1772:Twelve Days
1729:Räuchermann
1684:Nutcrackers
1634:Las Posadas
1594:Decorations
1574:Christingle
1514:Zwarte Piet
1509:Snegurochka
1430:Sinterklaas
1380:Santa Claus
814:15 December
789:15 December
742:(in Polish)
710:30 November
662:God Is Born
572: [
553:God Is Born
539:Middle Ages
490:5th century
384:In Poland,
324:tree topper
254:God Is Born
3159:Categories
3013:San Marino
2973:Montenegro
2953:Luxembourg
2933:Kazakhstan
2836:Azerbaijan
2441:Candy cane
2390:Joulupöytä
2290:Pikkujoulu
1954:New Mexico
1803:By country
1777:Wassailing
1718:Poinsettia
1525:Traditions
1477:Mrs. Claus
1457:Belsnickel
1410:Julemanden
1405:Joulupukki
1336:Wenceslaus
1301:North Pole
1266:Jack Frost
1256:Christkind
1211:Neapolitan
1034:Boxing Day
840:2022-12-17
764:2013-09-12
684:References
548:pastoralka
420:Baby Jesus
227:vegetarian
98:(pictured)
3124:Gibraltar
2948:Lithuania
2728:Tourtière
2718:Romeritos
2655:Dumplings
2602:Beverages
2506:Pecan pie
2496:Panettone
2491:Pampushka
2486:Mince pie
2461:Fruitcake
2405:Réveillon
2285:NFL games
2280:NBA games
2275:In August
2245:Economics
2015:Billboard
1869:Indonesia
1812:Australia
1787:Yule goat
1762:Stockings
1696:Ornaments
1425:Père Noël
1420:Olentzero
1415:Noel Baba
1390:Ded Moroz
1346:Yule Lads
1286:Mari Lwyd
1137:Bethlehem
1014:Christmas
910:LUXORNA,
543:pastorals
341:, or the
332:feast day
328:sparklers
316:ornaments
164:Christmas
3144:Svalbard
3129:Guernsey
3076:Abkhazia
3028:Slovenia
3023:Slovakia
2998:Portugal
2856:Bulgaria
2761:Category
2732:meat pie
2723:Stuffing
2677:Varenyky
2546:Yule log
2521:Qurabiya
2395:Julebord
2368:Food and
2295:SantaCon
2260:El Gordo
2147:Yule Log
1919:Scotland
1832:Ethiopia
1817:Colombia
1792:Yule log
1746:Spanbaum
1723:Pyramids
1589:Crackers
1487:Sack Man
1373:folklore
1341:Yule cat
1246:Badalisc
1236:folklore
1147:Epiphany
948:Archived
892:Archived
621:See also
527:Pasterka
486:Pasterka
471:makowiec
443:consommé
339:Epiphany
3053:Ukraine
3003:Romania
2963:Moldova
2921:Ireland
2916:Iceland
2911:Hungary
2901:Germany
2896:Georgia
2886:Finland
2881:Estonia
2876:Denmark
2861:Croatia
2846:Belgium
2841:Belarus
2831:Austria
2826:Armenia
2821:Andorra
2816:Albania
2667:Pierogi
2662:Hallaca
2567:Borscht
2531:Stollen
2501:Pavlova
2476:Makówki
2456:Cozonac
2425:Wigilia
2310:Scrooge
2270:In July
2168:society
2100:Poetry
1934:Ukraine
1909:Romania
1874:Ireland
1864:Iceland
1859:Hungary
1847:Germany
1837:Finland
1827:England
1822:Denmark
1782:Windows
1713:Piñatas
1701:Parades
1654:Markets
1639:Letters
1629:Hampers
1472:Krampus
1311:Perchta
1251:Caganer
672:Wigilia
537:in the
510:with a
508:Mummers
475:compote
467:herring
463:pierogi
439:borscht
394:Wigilia
390:fasting
378:Wigilia
369:in the
367:Wigilia
363:opłatek
320:Wigilia
312:baubles
301:piernik
286:Wigilia
262:szopkas
256:", and
231:fasting
207:Wigilia
178:by the
127:Jasełka
3139:Jersey
3081:Kosovo
3048:Turkey
3038:Sweden
3018:Serbia
3008:Russia
2993:Poland
2988:Norway
2968:Monaco
2938:Latvia
2906:Greece
2891:France
2866:Cyprus
2738:Turkey
2672:Tamale
2629:Kissel
2619:Eggnog
2576:Sauces
2562:Menudo
2541:Turrón
2451:Cookie
2434:Sweets
2400:Kūčios
2381:Dinner
2255:Grinch
2166:modern
2133:Tomten
2092:Santa,
2075:novels
1993:Operas
1981:Carols
1949:Hawaii
1929:Sweden
1924:Serbia
1914:Russia
1904:Poland
1894:Norway
1884:Mexico
1842:France
1757:Stamps
1752:Szopka
1644:Lights
1599:Didukh
1435:Others
1385:Befana
1331:Vertep
1194:in art
1162:Joseph
1112:Advent
612:Europe
516:kolędy
497:Kolędy
416:manger
355:manger
347:carols
293:Advent
276:Advent
266:Kraków
250:carols
219:manger
203:Poland
131:Herody
96:Kraków
62:Supper
38:szopka
3114:Åland
3033:Spain
2958:Malta
2928:Italy
2471:Kutia
2370:drink
1998:Songs
1972:Music
1879:Italy
1735:Seals
1689:dolls
1619:Gifts
1559:Cards
1462:Elves
1326:Turoń
1296:Nisse
1261:Grýla
1157:Jesus
584:]
455:aspic
447:uszka
445:with
258:Kulig
184:Poles
168:pagan
146:Kulig
112:Sanok
80:bigos
40:) by
2693:Carp
2555:Soup
2446:Cake
2357:Xmas
1986:list
1767:Tree
1706:list
1167:Mary
1076:Yule
816:2017
791:2017
712:2018
604:lace
457:and
451:carp
437:and
435:carp
398:carp
359:crib
197:The
172:ones
2703:Ham
1233:In
555:" (
264:in
129:or
3161::
2336:")
2332:("
2164:In
1086:In
903:^
857:.
799:^
720:^
703:.
692:^
582:pl
580:;
578:eo
576:;
574:ca
272:.
44:,
2796:e
2789:t
2782:v
2734:)
2730:(
2135:"
2131:"
2128:"
2124:"
2121:"
2117:"
2107:"
2103:"
2097:)
2017:)
1005:e
998:t
991:v
843:.
818:.
793:.
767:.
714:.
545:(
36:(
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